Digital Video Course Section 1
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Transcript of Digital Video Course Section 1
Broad Band Convergence
Heighten Viewing Experience
HD is Now Expected everywhere
Over 1 Billion Units Installed
Objectives..
Upon Completion you will be able to:1. Identify how TMDS signaling Audio Video links operate
2. Identify the Different Types of Connectors Used In TMDS AV Links
3. Understand how Digital Video is encoded/ decoded
4. Understand the difference in Color Space Options that are used in TMDS
5. Understand Video Bandwidth
6. Calculate TMDS Bandwidth
7. Read A Digital Eye Diagram
8. Understand How Transport (Cable,Fiber) Choice Effects Digital Video
9. Understand EDID,DDC in the Digital Realm
10. Acquire A Basic Understanding of HDCP
11. Create a plan to Trouble Shoot Digital Video
12. Understand what tools are Available to Trouble Shoot Digital Video
Course Outline
60 Minute Segments1. TMDS Link Video and Connectors-
2. Calculating Bandwidth Requirements-
3. Digital EDID and HDCP-
4. Hands On and Trouble Shooting Tips
There will be a short review quiz at the end of each session-
This will serve as documentation of the mastery of each concept—
Upon a passing grade of the DVE Final Exam you will be given a certificate of completion for this program.
What Signal Is Digital Video ?Misconceptions on Digital Video
� HDMI-DVI-Display Port- RJ45-BNC-F Connector
� The Above are Not Necessarily a Video signal type
There Are 6 Main Types Of Digital Video Transmissions
� HDMI/DVI/Display Port (Dual Mode) –TMDS Link
� Display Port Native-- MLL
� Modulated --ATSC/8VSB/AC-3/QAM
� Broadcast--SDI/HD SDI/Dual-link HDSDI/3g SDI
� IP Standards Based--Mpeg/ AVB/ HDbaseT
� IP--Proprietary
Section- 1 TMDS Link
Transition Minimized Differential Signaling and Digital Audio/ Video
TMDS-/Transition Minimized Differential Signaling
4 Simultaneous Streams
� Clock Channel Ensures Three Data Channels are in Sync
� The Data Channels May Contain Video, Audio, Or Other Info� Used By DVI-D
� Used By HDMI
� Used By Dual Mode Display Port
The Encoder or Decoder Determines How The Info Is Used..� Not the Connector
Data Chan 0 Typically Blue, Cr or Audio
Data Chan 1 Typically Green,Y or Audio
Data Chan 2 Typically Red, Cb or Audio
Clock Channel Assures the above Channels Arrive At the Same Time
TMDS-/Twisted Pair Channel
Developed By Silicon Image-From The HDMI training for the CE Installer © 2010 HDMI Licensing, LLC
TMDS-/(4) Two pair Channels
Three Data Channels + One Clock ChannelFrom The HDMI training for the CE Installer © 2010 HDMI Licensing, LLC
TMDS-Link Audio/Video
TMDS carries video, audio, and auxiliary data during one of the three modes, called the Control Period,The Video Data Period,and the Data Island Period .
During the Control Period (Occurs between Video and Data Island periods.)Information is carried on Color Depth and is required for Deep Color. The Gamut Metadata Packet carries information on the color space being used for the current video stream and is required for xvYCC.
During the Video Data Period, the pixels of an active video line are transmitted.
During the Data Island period
(Occurs during the horizontal and vertical blanking intervals)Audio and auxiliary data are transmitted within a series of packets.
The ability to send audio/auxiliary data using 4b/10b encoding for the Data Island Period.Was Placed into the TMDS Encoder Decoders by the HDMI Standard
1080p Example- 1 Frame
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-1 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-2 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-3 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-4 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-5 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-5 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-7 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-8 7.1 audio information
Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-1080
Use xvYCCColor Space
7.1 audio information
Repeat –Repeat--Repeat
H
O
R
I
Z
A
N
T
A
L
B
L
A
N
K
Vertical Blank ---Start Over With Line One
Video Period Data Island PeriodControl
Period
Time It Takes to Complete = Refresh Rate per second
Digital Color Space
Color Space is the Method that determines what color each individual pixel should be.
We will explore the 3 most common:
1- RGB
2- YCbCr
3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)
Digital RGB Color Space
A Digital method of telling a Single Pixel What Color It Should Be
Is an Additive Color Model
Is represented In 3 Pieces of Info : Red Level-Green Level-Blue Level
(0-255 For Each Color Level)
Example: 8 Bit Byte For:
Microsoft Medium Grey (Red-128,Green-128,Blue-128)
Yellow (Red-255,Green-255,Blue-000)
In 8 Bit Per color 1 Pixel = 24Bits are possible Total 16.7 Million Colors
Digital RGB Color Space
Digital YCbCr Color Space
A Digital method of telling a Single Pixel What Color It Should Be
Is a Short Hand To represent Color RGB
YCbCR is the Digital Method Of YPbPr
Y=Luminance (Black and White) is sent at High Resolution
Cb Cr= Chroma Components
Cb Is the Blue difference from Green
Cr Is the Red Difference From Green
Green is calculated From the Cb Cr Levels
The Chroma can be sent/ stored at a lower data method
This is called SubSampling
YCbCr 4:4:4= 4 Lumance Samples 4 Chrominance Samples (line 1) 4 Chrominace samples (line 2)
(Requires More Data to determine color)
YCbCr 4:2:2= 4 Lumance Samples 2 Chrominance Samples (line 1) 2 Chrominace samples (line 2)
(Requires Less Data to determine color)
YCbCr-Frame Example
Y=Luminance
Cb=Blue Difference from Green
Cr=Red Difference from Green
YCbCr-Sub SampleExample-1
YCbCr-Sub SampleExample-2
Albert Munsel
Color Space is the Method that determines what color each individual pixel should be.
We will explore the 3 most common:
1- RGB
2- YCbCr
3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)
Albert Munsel-hue
Color Space is the Method that determines what color each individual pixel should be.
We will explore the 3 most common:
1- RGB
2- YCbCr
3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)
Munsel- Spaces Missing
From The Xvycc White Paper © 2007 Sony Corporation
x.v. Color Different Flavor of component-Not more bandwidth
From The HDMI training for the CE Installer © 2010 HDMI Licensing, LLC
x.v. Color Different Flavor of component-Not more bandwidth
A different Method of component –
Can Create 1.8 times More Different Saturation than Than sRGB
Was introduced in 2006
Included In the HDMI 1.3 Encoder Standard
Sony and Mitsubishi Are the largest Player For Displays
Play Station 3
Not Supported by Blu Ray Movies as of yet
Almost All new Computer Graphic Cards AMD-Intel-nVidia Support it
Only Format that uses negative values (instead of 0-100%)
Red at 50% Green at 100% Blue at –20%
THIS IS NOT DEEP COLOR– Which Does Require More Bandwidth
x.v. Color Different Flavor of component-Not more bandwidth
From The Xvycc White Paper © 2007 Sony Corporation
Deep Color = More Shades & Bandwidth
Can be used by all methods of color space
xvYCC- 4:4:4- sRGB- YCbCr 4:4:4- YCbCr 4:2:2
Anything over 8 Bit per channel is considered Deep Color
8 bit per channel can create 16.7 Million Colors/Shades
12 bit per channel can create 68.7 Billion Colors/Shades
From The HDMI training for the CE Installer © 2010 HDMI Licensing, LLC
Deep Color Side By Side
With More Color Depth Less Banding Occurs.
From The HDMI training for the CE Installer © 2010 HDMI Licensing, LLC
TMDS Based ConnectorsThere are 3 Main Connector types
TMDS Link Audio/Video:
1- DVI-I and DVI-D
2- HDMI
3- Display Port Dual Mode
TMDS Based Connectors-DVIDVI- Founders- Digital Display Working GroupIntel Corporation, Silicon Image, Inc., Compaq Computer Corp., Fujitsu Limited, Hewlett-Packard Company,
International Business Machines Corp., and NEC Corporation
Max Resolution Digital Single - 2098x1311 (Single Link)
Max Resolution Digital Dual – 3840x2400 (Dual Link)
Encoders may be different but Single Link is compatible to the HDMI A cable
Encoders may be different but Dual Link is compatible to the HDMI B cable
Last Update to Standard was Made in 2001
DVI is now a Subset Of HDMI Encoder/Decoder Standards
DVI-I Is backward Compatible to Analog
DVI- Digital Video Interface
5 Flavors- For Connectors
Uses TMDS-Analog� DVI-I Single Link
� DVI-I Dual Link
� DVI-D Single Link
� DVI-D Dual Link
� DVI-A (Analog Only)
Typical Color Encoding
� sRGB- Methods
� Some Devices Do More
TMDS Based Connectors-HDMIHDMI- Founders- HDMI Licensing, LLC Hitachi, Matsushita Electric,Industrial Panasonic/National/Quasar, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony,Thomson (RCA), and Toshiba
10,000 dollar Licensee fee 5cents per port for major Manufactures
Authorized Testing Centers
-Silicon Image-USA /China
-Panasonic-Japan -Phillips Europe/India
HD Resolution 2560 x 1600
Max Color Depth 48 Bit
1.4 New standard
Adds 3d Support
Audio Return Channel (Internal Tv Tuner Audio)
Higher Resolution
Mini Single Link Style C is Becoming Popular
1.4 Encoders will function on older Cables (19 Pin)Type A—
New 1.4 Cable (29 Pin) Type B is needed to add
Audio Return Channel
Ethernet
Higher Resolution– 3840x2400– (Dual Link TMDS)
This image cannot currently be displayed.
HDMI-High Definition Multimedia Interface
Pin 1 TMDS Data2+
Pin 2 TMDS Data2 Shield
Pin 3 TMDS Data2–
Pin 4 TMDS Data1+
Pin 5 TMDS Data1 Shield
Pin 6 TMDS Data1–
Pin 7 TMDS Data0+
Pin 8 TMDS Data0 Shield
Pin 9 TMDS Data0–
Pin 10 TMDS Clock+
Pin 11 TMDS Clock Shield
Pin 12 TMDS Clock–
Pin 13 CEC
Pin 14 Reserved - (Optional, HDMI 1.4+ with Ethernet)
Pin 15 SCL (I²C Serial Clock for DDC)
Pin 16 SDA (I²C Serial Data Line for DDC)
Pin 17 DDC/CEC/HEC Ground
Pin 18 +5 V Power (max 50 mA)
Pin 19 Hot Plug Detect (All versions) (Optional, HDMI 1.4+ with Ethernet)
Type A receptacle HDMI
� Typical Color Space Encoding-� xvYCC- 4:4:4 (8-16 Bit)
� New Method
� sRGB (8-16 Bit)
� (DVI-CPU Standards)
� YCbCr 4:4:4 (8-16 Bit)
� -Digital Component� Higher Quality Sub Sample
� YCbCr 4:2:2 (8-12 Bit)
� -Digital Component
� Lower Quality Sub Sample
TMDS Based Connectors-Display Port
Display Port - Founders- VESA Video Electronics Standards AssociationNEC- Intel- AMD-Dell Belkin-Barco etc……………………….
Emerging standard for Computers
Locking Connector
Royalty Free HDMI With Dual Mode Display Port
Support For Multiple Displays on a single connector
No CEC
HD TMDS (Single Link) Resolution 2560 x 1600
Higher Resolutions When Using MLL (Display Port Native Mode)
Max Color Depth 48 Bit (Single Link)
Dual Port Logo
Display Port
2 Flavors-Display Port Native
� Uses MLL Signaling VS TMDS
DP (Dual Mode Display Port)
� Encoder will Reconfigure Its Self to TMDS Signal Protocols To Operate as HDMI/DVI-D Single Link.
� When The Cable adapter Pin Is Detected.
� Does Not Provide CEC Control
Pin 1 ML_Lane 0 (p)-Lane 0 (positive)
Pin 2 GND-Ground
Pin 3 ML_Lane 0 (n)-Lane 0 (negative)
Pin 4 ML_Lane 1 (p)-Lane 1 (positive)
Pin 5 GND-Ground
Pin 6 ML_Lane 1 (n)-Lane 1 (negative)
Pin 7 ML_Lane 2 (p)-Lane 2 (positive)
Pin 8 GND-Ground
Pin 9 ML_Lane 2 (n)-Lane 2 (negative)
Pin 10 ML_Lane 3 (p)-Lane 3 (positive)
Pin 11 GND-Ground
Pin 12 ML_Lane 3 (n)-Lane 3 (negative)
Pin 13 CONFIG1 connected to Ground1)
Pin 14 CONFIG2 connected to Ground1)
Pin 15 AUX CH (p) Auxiliary Channel
Pin 16 GND-Ground
Pin 17 AUX CH (n) Auxiliary Channel
Pin 18 Hot Plug-Hot Plug Detect
Pin 19 Return-Return for Power
Pin 20 DP_PWR-Power for connector (3.3 V 500 mA)
Dual-mode Pin Mapping-TDMS
DisplayPort Pins DVI 1.0/HDMI Mode
Main Link Lane 0 TMDS Clock
Main Link Lane 1 TMDS Channel 0
Main Link Lane 2 TMDS Channel 1
Main Link Lane 3 TMDS Channel 2
AUX CH+ DDC Clock
AUX CH- DDC Data
DP_PWR DP_PWR
Hot Plug Detect Hot Plug Detect
Config 1 Cable Adaptor Detect
Config 2
Display Port MLL-Normal Mode
Display port overview
Display Port - Founders- VESA Video Electronics Standards AssociationNEC- Intel- AMD-Dell Belkin-Barco etc……………………….
Emerging standard for Computers
Locking Connector
Royalty Free HDMI With Dual Mode Display Port
Support For Multiple Displays on a single connector
No CEC
HD TMDS (Single Link) Resolution 2560 x 1600
Higher Resolutions When Using MLL (Display Port Native Mode)
Max Color Depth 48 Bit (Single Link)
Dual Port Logo