Digital repositories

Rachel HeeryUKOLNUniversity of Bath

r.heery@ukoln.ac.ukhttp://www.ukoln.ac.uk/

HERDA-SW Annual Conference, 9-10 November 2006, Torquay

UKOLN is supported by:

http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ukoln/staff/r.heery/presentations.html

Summary

• Repositories context• UK repository landscape• Benefits• Implementation: first stages

AIMS:

to provide background information to support deployment in the SW Region

to encourage exchange of experience and expertise

What is a repository?

• Essentially ‘a collection of digital objects’, a keep-safe

• Typically containing research papers (learning materials, data)

• What makes repositories distinctive from other collections of digital objects such as directories, catalogues, databases?

• How does repository software differ from a content management system? From a digital library system? • What is difference between depositing in a repository and linking from a personal web page?

Characteristics of a repository

• content is deposited in a repository, whether by the content creator, owner or third party• manages content as well as metadata• offers at least a minimum set of basic services e.g. put, get, search, access control• must be sustainable and trusted, well-supported and well-managed• many repositories support open access and are distinguished by

• providing open access to content • providing open access to its metadata for

harvesting by third parties

Lots of flavours

Typology … what type of repository?

• Content type (research papers, learning materials, e-theses, images … )

• Coverage (institutional, subject … )• Function (open access, preservation … )• Policy (peer review content only, open

deposit … )• Infrastructure (centralised, federated … )

Why? What are drivers?

• Effective management of institutional assetsprovide added value servicesenable effective interfaces between systems

• Open accessincreased impactavailability and visibility good value in return for public funding

• Serials crisis• Enhanced scholarly communication

linking data to research papers to learning materials

Relevant JISC Activities

Current:Digital Repositories Programme 2005-7, ~£3mCapital Programme: Repositories and Preservation April 2006-March 2009, ~£18m

In parallel:eLearning programmes

• JORUMeInfrastructureUsers and InnovationRecords managementScholarly Communication GroupDigital Curation Centre

In past: Focus on Access to Institutional Resources (FAIR) 2003-5

Now: Calls for projects – April 2006 . September 2006 . April 2007

JISC Vision

To establish a network of digital resources and services, in order to significantly improve content use and curation for education and research.--------------------------------------------------------------Digital Repositories: develop repositories for universities and colleges.Digital Preservation: distributed environment for digital preservation, in which services, roles and responsibilities are scoped and defined.Discovery to Delivery:  searching across UK repositories and the agreement of standards for searching and semantic interoperability.Tools and Innovation: develop and pilot innovative approaches to repository use and digital preservation through the development of new software and tools. Shared Infrastructure:  services such as user profiling services, digital rights management, registries, identifier services, terminology and preservation services.

Repositories as an Infrastructure Layer

Com

mon

Ser

vice

s

Middleware (access management and shared infrastructure m2m services)Network

Repositories ( content )

Co

mm

on

Ser

vice

sLearning Research Admin

Do

mai

n S

pec

ific

Ser

vice

s

Intended impact

• Better access to and management of intellectual outputs

• Increased capability within the sector to manage these assets for education and research

• Infrastructure that will support the sector into the future

JISC call April 2006: funding decisions  Repositories Support ProjectIntute SearchProspero Interim Repository

ProjectsTools and innovation Discovery to delivery and interoperability

ReportsRequirements for shared infrastructure services Terminology services and technologiesLinking UK Repositories – what communities need, technical and organisational models

Questions

• What is deployment of repositories in SW region?

• How can better visibility of research add value to industry? Re-use of learning materials?

• Can regional bodies support repository deployment?

UK repository landscape

Where are we now? UK perspective

• Institutional repositories in approximately 50 HE • Most content is research papers• about 50% reasonably well populated• handful of consortium initiatives I.e. White Rose (and Scotland and

Wales in development)

• Research (subject-based) cross institution 11• eJournals 6• e-Theses 2• Other 11

• National learning resources repository: JORUM

See http://archives.eprints.org/

http://www.opendoar.org/

OpenDoar

Directory of Open Access Repositories

Quality-assured listing of open access repositories around the world

Includes details of available policies

http://archives.eprints.org/

Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR)

Enables analysis of repositories by country, software platform, organisational type

Includes growth graphs

Complements ROARMAP tracking growth of institutional self-archiving policies

http://www.eprints.org/

JORUM national repository for learning materials

Research Councils UK updated position statement on access to research outputs, June 30 2006

• Encouraging deposit of articles published in journals and conference proceedings

• Devolving power of mandate to individual RCs

• Initiating further consultation

International initiativesDRIVER: Networking European Scientific Repositories. An international partnership to build a large-scale public infrastructure for

research information across Europe.

ARROW will test software solutions to support institutional digital repositories funded by the Department of Education, Science and Training

DAREnet launched in 2004 to demonstrate the network of the local collections of digital documentation held by all the Dutch universities. DAREnet is unique. No other nation in the world offers such easy access to its complete academic research output in digital form.

http://www.darenet.nl/

Scholarship today? OA landscape

Repository ecology

Institutional Repository

Departmentalrepository

Authoring tool

Subject repositories

Institutional research system

Data Centres

Learned society repositories

Laboratory repository

Experimental machine

Aggregators:

OAIster, Google

Regional, national

Text mining tools

Terminology services

Research council repositories

Questions: Inter-working systems

Explore requirements and experience …..

• Connecting systems within the institution

• Connecting with regional, national, international systems

Benefits

Benefits to HE institutions

Contributes to strategic objectives

- making research outputs visible- supporting effective teaching and learning- curation and re-use of data

Benefits of repository

• Increase visibility of research (showcase)• Increase research impact, see work on citation analysis • Provide access to research to region (industry, government, cultural heritage institutions)• Curate content that is not widely available, sometimes known as ‘grey literature’• Increase the potential reuse of learning and teaching materials previously locked away in Virtual Learning Environments• Add value e.g. provide CVs, name authority, OpenURLs• Offer better curation than websites, greater security and preservation of various kinds of digital materials• Enable deposit of pre-prints in fast moving subjects such as electronics, computing

Benefits contd

• Repository software can also provide additional services such as hits / downloads on papers and citation analyses• Has been used at departmental / subject level as this seems a more natural way for Researchers to share information (i.e. based on subject)• Increase the usage of content in your institution• Allow all published work that has been publicly funded to be available to everyone

Enhancing scholarly communications

• increase visibility of research outputs for internal and external audiences (showcase)• preserve outputs for future reference• increase research impact through open access • put in place infrastructure for future open access mandate from research funders•

Questions: Realising benefits

• Barriers?

• Benefits for whom? Different stakeholder groups…

• Short term? Long term?

First steps to implementation

• Agree strategic match• prioritise potential repository

deployment• co-ordinate deployment

• Address organisational issues• appoint lead (project leader)• establish communication channels

between active initiatives• ensure technical expertise in place

• Exploit available support

Repository interactions

repositoryRepository

VLE

Authoring tools

Name authority service

Institutional research system

Automated classification service

Packaging tool

Key issues for institutions 

• Articulate purpose and benefits of repository• How does repository complement and/or better the current system for recording academic output• Define responsibilities – particularly implementation and management• Consider cost benefit and cost allocation• Define policies • Training• Be aware of legal issues• Advocacy……

Exploit existing support

• SHERPA• eprints.org• Research Support Project• User groups• Regional forum?

Key resources for institutions: tools

The ESPIDA model: an effective strategic model for the preservation and disposal of institutional assets - http://www.gla.ac.uk/espida/model_download.shtml

Managing Digital Assets in Tertiary Education (MANDATE) toolkit - http://www.jwheatley.ac.uk/mandate/Toolkit/index.htm

Electronic Theses Online Service (ETHOS) Toolkit - http://ethostoolkit.rgu.ac.uk/

OpenDOAR Policies Tool: helps administrators to formulate and/or present their repository's policies - http://www.opendoar.org/tools/en/policies.php

SHERPA sample deposit licenses - http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/documents/D4-2_Report_on_a_deposit_licence_for_E-prints.pdf

SHERPA RoMEO: Publisher's Copyright Listings - http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php

SHERPA DP Preservation services (in development) - http://ahds.ac.uk/about/projects/sherpa-dp/

SHERPA advocacy guidance - http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/guidance/index.html

Digital Repositories Wiki - http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/repositories/digirep/index/JISC_Digital_Repository_Wiki

Key resources for institutions: documents

Technical Evaluation of selected Open Source Repository Solutions v1.3 Maxwell -https://eduforge.org/docman/view.php/131/1062/Repository%20Evaluation%20Document.pdf

A Guide to Institutional Repository software, Open Society Institute - http://www.soros.org/openaccess/pdf/OSI_Guide_to_IR_Software_v3.pdf

The Value Proposition in Institutional Repositories, Blythe & Ohachra - http://www.vtls.com/Products/New-Horizons-Article.pdf

Choosing software for an institutional repository DeRidder - http://diglib.lib.utk.edu/dlc/ir_software.pdf

Focus on Access to Institutional Reposiytories (FAIR) synthesis website - http://www.jisc.ac.uk/fair_synthesisintro.html

the Case for Institutional Repositories: A SPARC position paper - http://www.arl.org/sparc/IR/IR_Final_Release_102.pdf

Digital Repositories Review Heery & Anderson http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/digital-repositories-review-2005.pdf

JISC Briefing paper: Digital Repositories - http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/HE_repositories_briefing_paper_2005.pdf

JISC Briefing paper: Open Access –

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/JISC-BP-OpenAccess-v1-final.pdf