DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Digital camera ﾐ A camera that captures the photo not on film, but in an electronic imaging sensor that takes the place of film.

• JPEG ﾐ A standard for compressing image data developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group, hence the name JPEG. Strictly speaking, JPEG is not a file format, it's a compression method that is used within a file format, such as the EXIF-JPEG format common to digital cameras. It is referred to as a lossy format, which means some quality is lost in achieving JPEG's high compression rates. Usually, if a high-quality, low-compression JPEG setting is chosen on a digital camera, the loss of quality is not detectable to the eye.

• Pixel ﾐ Picture Element: digital photographs are comprised of thousands or millions of them; they are the building blocks of a digital photo.

Camera top

modes

• Aperture ﾐ A small, circular opening inside the lens that can change in diameter to control the amount of light reaching the camera's sensor as a picture is taken. The aperture diameter is expressed in f-stops; the lower the number, the larger the aperture. For instance, the aperture opening when set to f/2.8 is larger than at f/8. The aperture and shutter speed together control the total amount of light reaching the sensor. A larger aperture passes more light through to the sensor. Many cameras have an aperture priority mode that allows you to adjust the aperture to your own liking. See also shutter speed.

F/22 F/4

• Smaller number = bigger hole= more light

•Smaller number = bigger hole= less depth of field (more background blur)

• Use AV- aperature value mode

• M-manual mode

• P- program mode

• Shutter speed ﾐ The camera's shutter speed is a measurement of how long its shutter remains open as the picture is taken. The slower the shutter speed, the longer the exposure time. When the shutter speed is set to 1/125 or simply 125, this means that the shutter will be open for exactly 1/125th of one second. The shutter speed and aperture together control the total amount of light reaching the sensor. Some digital cameras have a shutter priority mode that allows you to set the shutter speed to your liking. See also aperture.

Shutter speed is used to stop action 1/1000 sec

Or shutter speed can blur motion1/15 sec

• Shutter speed and aperature work together to make a photograph• But you can control them separately • To control shutter speed use TV mode• M-manual mode• P- program mode

• ISO speed ﾐ A rating of a film's sensitivity to light. Though digital cameras don't use film, they have adopted the same rating system for describing the sensitivity of the camera's imaging sensor. Digital cameras often include a control for adjusting the ISO speed; some will adjust it automatically depending on the lighting conditions, adjusting it upwards as the available light dims. Generally, as ISO speed climbs, image quality drops.

• White balance ﾐ A function on the camera to compensate for different colors of light being emitted by different light sources.

White balance controls color temperature in your photography

*Dont forget to adjust white balance in your camera

FOTO 114 PHOTOGRAPHY

ALEXANDRA COPLEY

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