DIGITAL NATIVES How today’s youth are different from their ‘digital immigrant’ elders and what...

DIGITAL NATIVESHow today’s youth are different from their ‘digital immigrant’ elders and what that means for libraries

10.27.06Lee RainieMetro – NY Library CouncilBrooklyn Museum of Art

October 27, 2006 2Digital Natives

Who’s blogging this?

Writings of a Loud Librarian

Indiana Librarian Marissa Priddis

http://theloudlibrarian.net/2005/10/monterey-learning-stuff.html

http://theloudlibrarian.net/2005/10/monterey-learning-stuff.html


“Rainie was funny, at ease, informative and we found

ourselves do a lot of ‘Huh...I didn't know that’ during his speech.

Very, very cool.”


Who’s blogging this?

Stephen Downes

Stephen’s Web

http://www.educause.edu/content.asp?page_id=666&ID=ECR0509&bhcp=1




“Good crisp presentation … backed with some actual research and drawing out the implications for educators, a list of which should be posted on the wall of

every school ….”


“He’s a lot older than I imagined.”--------------------

“Looks like a typical Foundation suit.”


“While he may look older than some expected, and appears to be just

another Foundation suit, he's a very intelligent man, and worth paying

attention to.”


What does he mean: Digital Natives?


Digital native – Born 1985

Personal computers are10 years old


Digital native – Kindergarten 1990

Tim Berners-Lee writes World Wide Web program


Digital native – Middle School 1996

Palm Pilot goes onthe market


Digital Native – High School 1999

Sean Fanning createsNapster


Digital Native – Graduates High School 2003

iPod - 2002


Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s

Blogs - 1997



Wikipedia - 2001



Del.icio.us - 2003



Skype - 2003



Podcasts – 2004



YouTube – 2005


6 new realities in the life of digital natives and what they mean for them and

for you


Reality 1

Media and gadgets are ubiquitous parts of

everyday life


Home media ecology - 1975Product Route to home Display Local storage

TV stations phone TV Cassette/ 8-track

broadcast TV radio

broadcast radio stereo Vinyl album

News mail

Advertising newspaper delivery phone

paper

Radio Stations non-electronic

Tom Wolzien, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co


Home media ecology – nowProduct Route to home Display Local storage

cable VCRTV stations phone/DSL TVInfo wireless radio DVD“Daily me” broadcast TV PC Web-based storage content iPod /MP3 server/ TiVo (PVR)Cable Nets broadcast radio stereo PCWeb sites satellite monitor web storageLocal news mail headphones CD/CD-ROMContent from express delivery pager individuals iPod / storage portable gamer MP3 player / iPodPeer-to-peer subcarriers / WIFI cell phone pagers - PDAsAdvertising newspaper delivery phone cable boxRadio stations PDA/Palm game console

game console paperSatellite radio non-electronic storage sticks/disks

Adapted from Tom Wolzien, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co


Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation M, March 2005


Reality 2

New gadgets allow them to enjoy media and carry on communication anywhere


Mobile devices

• 73% of adults own cell phones

• 77% of young adults and 67% of teens own them

CBS MarketWatch survey 6.13.06

The communications Swiss Army knife

Percentage of cell phone owners

whose phones have this feature

Percentage who use this feature now on their cell

phones

Don’t use it now, but would like to have it

Send and receive text messages

75%35% 13%

Take still pictures 39% 28% 19%

Play games 63% 22% 12%

Access the internet 44% 14% 16%

Send / receive email 43% 8% 24%

Trade instant messages NA 7% 11%

Play music 21% 6% 19%

Record their own video clips 22% 6% 17%

Get mobile maps NA 4% 47%

Watch video or TV programs 13% 2% 14%


Mobile devices

• 55% of adults own digital cameras


• 51% of young adults share photos on the internet


Mobile devices

• 43% of adults own video cameras

• 37% of teens own them

• 22% of young adults share videos online


Mobile devices

• 40% of adults play video games

• 83% of teens do so

Kaiser Family Foundation – March 2005

• 43% of young adults play games online


Mobile devices

• 30% of adults own laptops



Mobile devices

• 20% of adults own MP3 players


CBSMarketwatch survey 6.13.06


Mobile devices

• 11% of adults own a PDA or Blackberry



Media experiences “by other means”

• 24% of radio consumers occasionally listen to radio programs on something other than a radio console – computers (84%), iPods (26%), cell phones (7%), PDAs (2%)

• 13% of TV viewers occasionally watch shows on something other than TV sets – computers (87%), cell phones (9%), iPods (3%)


Reality 3

The internet is at the center of the revolution


Internet and broadband adoption 1996-2006

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Mar-

95

Mar-

96

Mar-

97

Mar-

98

Mar-

99

Mar-

00

Mar-

01

Mar-

02

Mar-

03

Mar-

04

Mar-

05

Mar-

06

All internet - 147 mill.

Broadband - 83 mill.


Download music – 51%Share own creations – 33%

1919

2222

2630313133

3843

515557

7576

8184

89

0 20 40 60 80 100

Create a blogRemix and share f iles

Look for info that’s hard to discussCreate w eb pages

Religious/spiritual infoJob info

Health infoDow nload videos

Share their ow n creationsRead blogs

Buy productsDow nload music

Seek political new sHunt for schools

Use IMGet new s

Play online gamesInfo about about movies, TV

Use emailP

erce

ntag

e of

inte

rnet

use

rs

Activities of young greatly outpace their eldersActivities of young are not as great as their elders

For a full list of activities tracked by PIP please go to: http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/Internet_Activities_4.26.06.htm


Different people use the internet in different ways – Generations

Young• Instant message• Games• Wireless• Dating• Housing• New jobs• Create content• P2P services• Play games • Cultural information• Rate things• Adult content

Gen X / Boomers• Transactions• Get news / politics• Health• Job-related

information• Information for new

jobs• New housing• Religious

information• Seek online support

Seniors• Email• Weather• Use government

web sites• Get maps

directions• Research travel


Reality 4

Multi-tasking is a way of life – and people live in a

state of “continuous partial attention”

--- Linda Stone


Reality 5

Ordinary citizens have a chance to be publishers,

movie makers, artists, song creators, and story

tellers


33% of online teens share their own creations online, such as artwork, photos, stories, or videos

Content creation


32% have created or worked on webpages or blogs for others, including those for groups they belong to, friends or school assignments

Content creation


22% report keeping their own personal webpage

Content creation


19% have created their own online journal or blog

Content creation


Content creation

19% say they remix content they find online into their own artistic creations


Reality 6

Everything will change even more in coming

years


The J-curve laws

• Computing power doubles every 18 months – Moore’s law

• Storage power doubles every 12 months – disk law

• Communications power doubles every 2-3 years with improvements in fiber optics and compression – Gilder’s law– Spectrum power is enhanced with efficiency

improvements in spectrum allocation and use


Impact and implications

• Teens expect to be able to gather and share information in multiple devices.

• They shrewdly sort out what communication and what information “belongs” on what device and under what circumstances.– Stephen Stills meets Go-Go Mr. Gadget: If

they can’t be with the device they love, they love the device they’re with

– “Email is for old people.”



• Conversations, research, and learning never end• Being “present” with another person has a new

meaning• Expectations about another’s “availability”

change and spontaneous communications increase

• Teens hope they can get help from peers and teachers and librarians whenever they need it



• Those who have grown up with interactive media want to manipulate, remix, and share content.

• Ideas about intellectual property change– Ideas about fair use and sharing change

• They also expect to be able to be in conversation with other creators.


It’s a “smart mob” world – Howard Rheingold notion


It’s a “Long Tail” world – Chris Anderson notionT

raff

ic

Content

20%-40% of traffic or salesin the “long tail”


10 reasons why the future can belong to librarians

1. Nobody knows better than you how to manage information.

2. Nobody knows better than you how to track down information.

3. Nobody knows better than you about the importance of information standards – common ways to categorize, sort, and act on things.

4. Nobody’s word about what’s truthful and what’s important has more credibility than yours.

5. Nobody is in a better position than you to teach people about information and media literacy.



6. Nobody is in a better position to be a watchdog of new systems of sorting information than you.

7. Nobody is in a better position than you to teach the world about the history and built-in wisdom of credibility-assessment systems.

8. Nobody is more empowered by professional creeds and training to articulate the rationale for freedom of speech than you.



9. Nobody is in better shape to play a thoughtful, constructive role in debates about the value of information “property” and the meaning of copyright in an age where it takes a couple of minutes to download a brand new movie on BitTorrent – for free.

10. Nobody can be as constructive in helping us think through the new norms and even new laws we need to develop about what information is public and what is private.


Reason #11

Librarians are particularly well suited to help people focus on their need for sanctuary and a place for quiet contemplation.– Josef Pieper: Leisure: The Basis of Culture


Thank you!

Lee Rainie

Director

Pew Internet & American Life Project

1615 L Street NW

Suite 700

Washington, DC 20036

[email protected]

202-419-4500

DIGITAL NATIVES How today’s youth are different from their ‘digital immigrant’ elders and what...

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