Digital Music Technology & Law - Stetson University · Digital Music Technology & Law Anton Hopen,...
Transcript of Digital Music Technology & Law - Stetson University · Digital Music Technology & Law Anton Hopen,...
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Digital Music Technology & Law Anton Hopen, U.S. Registered Patent Attorney
33rd Annual National Conference
on Law & Higher Education
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DISCLAIMER…..
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Overview
MP3 Technology
Copyrights
Fair Use
Digital Rights Management
RIAA and DMCA
P2P Sharing
Parody
Ringtones
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MPEG-1 AUDIO LAYER 3
The MP3 File
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MP3 Development
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Patents Rights to MP3?
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COPYRIGHTS TO DIGITAL AUDIO
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Five (5) Exclusive Rights Given to
Copyright Owners?
#1 ______________________
#2 ______________________
#3 ______________________
#4 ______________________
#5 ______________________
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#1: Right to Reproduce the Work
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#2: Right to Create Derivatives
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#3: Distribute Copies to Public
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#4: Perform Work Publicly
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#5: Display Work Publicly
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Four (4) Factors of Fair Use
#1 _____________________
#2 _____________________
#3 _____________________
#4 _____________________
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Fair Use Factor #1
Purpose and Character of Use
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Fair Use Factor #2
Nature of the Use
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Creativity
Creativity
* Values are arbitrary
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Fair Use Factor #3
Portion Used
10% Rule
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Fair Use Factor #3
Portion Used
10% Rule
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Fair Use Factor #4
Effect of Use on Market
Music CD Sales
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DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT
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DRM Issues
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How is digital media different from
analog media?
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DRM in device licensing
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Does HDMI have DRM?
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Advanced Access Content System
Disney
Intel
Microsoft
Panasonic
Warner Bros.
IBM
Toshiba
Sony
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DRM – Content Scrambling System
Jon Lech Johansen
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DRM – Contest Scrambling System
DeCSS Code Fragment
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Sony BMG CD DRM (2005)
Extended Copy Protection (XCP)
MediaMax CD-3
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Current DRM Approach
~$.99 downloads non-DRM
Unlimited subscriptions – DRM enabled
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DIGITAL MILLENNIUM COPYRIGHT ACT
May 14, 1998
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DMCA - Reverse Engineering
For Interoperability
Purposes
For Violating or Encouraging Violation of Copyrights
17 U.S.C. 1201(f)
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eBook's Security - Theory and Practice
Dmitry Sklyarov
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RECORDING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA (RIAA)
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RIAA Shipment Statistics % increase/decrease in sales 2007/2008
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
Single Album
Music Video
Physical
Digital
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DMCA Safe Harbor
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DMCA Safe
Harbor
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RIAA 2007 demands letters to USF
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Claims of © Infringement to USF
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2000
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
Number of DMCA Notices
Source: USF General Counsel’s Office
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Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.
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Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.
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Capitol v. Thomas
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PEER-TO-PEER FILE SHARING
Napster, Grokster, et al.
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Napster
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Grokster
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Functional Differences
Napster Server
Grokster
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Napster Defenses
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Grokster Defenses
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Sony Defense
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Grokster’s Sins (according to U.S.
Supreme Court)
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Dec. 2008 RIAA Shifts Policy
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Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music
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Four (4) Factors of Fair Use
#1 Purpose and Character of Use
#2 Nature of Copyrighted Work
#3 Amount Used
#4 Effect Upon Potential Market
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RINGTONES & RINGBACKS
AT&T and ASCAP
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Four (4) Factors of Fair Use
#1 Purpose and Character of Use
#2 Nature of Copyrighted Work
#3 Amount Used
#4 Effect Upon Potential Market
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Conclusions
Copyright a powerful tool for owners
Digital medium has spawned a number of
new legal issues.
Fair use analysis an issue in almost all
contested © cases.