Digestion in Ruminants & Rodents 2.ppt
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Transcript of Digestion in Ruminants & Rodents 2.ppt
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Digestion in Ruminants &
Rodents
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Ruminants
• Herbivore mammals
• Eg. Cow, goat, giraffe, deer
• Feed on plant - cellulose
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Rodents..
• Rabbits and rats family
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Digestive System of Ruminants
• Feed on plant – cellulose
• Need cellulase to digest it
• But ruminants do not produce cellulase
• However their digestive system are specially adapted to carry out cellulose digestion
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Ruminants..
• Has a stomach with 4 chambers:
1. rumen
2. reticulum
3. omasum
4. abomasum• Carry out rumination – process of
regurgitating food and rechewing it
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Ruminants..
• the saliva of a cow contains no salivary amylase
•To digest the plant material, herbivores need to depend on the cellulase-secreting microorganism in its digestive system
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Ruminants..
Rumen
- first & largest compartment
- contain bacteria that produced cellulase for the cellulose digestion
- function as the fermentation chamber
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Organisms in rumen
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Ruminants..
Reticulum
- also contains bacteria for digestion
- content of reticulum called cud
- regurgitation occurs
- has a ‘honeycomb’ wall
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Ruminants..
Omasum
- reswallowed cud will be sent here
- large particle are broken down by peristalsis
- water is removed
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Abomasum
- true stomach of the ruminants
- gastric juice containing digestive enzymes
- HCl and pepsin
Ruminants..
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Flow of food in ruminant
mouth
oesophagus
rumen mouth
omasum
reticulum
abomasum
regurgitationfermentation
curdswallow
swallow- H2O
chyme
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rumen
reticulum
abomasum
omasum
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Digestive System of Rodents• Their caecum and
appendix are enlarged to store the cellulase producing bacteria
• Food pass the alimentary canal twice
- first as food
- then as soft faeces
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Soft and watery faeces usually
produced at night
Eaten again
Pass out as hard and dry faeces during
the day
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Rat digestive system
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Rat’s caecum
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Flow of food in rodents
mouth
oesophagus
stomach caecum
anus
Small intestine
swallow
Re-eat the faeces to absorb more nutrient
Digest cellulose
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Eaten again? Why??
• to enable the animals to absorb the products of bacterial breakdown
• allow rodent to recover the nutrients initially lost with the faeces
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Eaten again? Why??• nutrient is absorb in the small intestine
• but in rats, the microorganism that help to digest cellulose is in the caecum, the food must pass the small intestine before entering the caecum
• So the faeces eliminate is actually soft and rich in nutrient
• That’s why they have to re-eat the faeces in order to absorb all the nutrients
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