Different Types of Figurative Language

Skill Practice

BOOK2Unit5 I. Different Types of

Figurative Language

1. Simile

2. Metaphor

3. Personification

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1. Simile

Comparative words often used in simile:

likeas(as) … as …as … , so …may as well … as

…as if as though

resemble

be similar to

compare … to…

treat … as …

regard … as …

consider/serve … as …

remind … of

more?

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① Her eyes sparkled like small blue circle of ice.

② Beauty is as summer fruits, which are easy to corrupt and cannot last.

③ His explanation is as clear as crystal.

1. Simile

Examples

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2. Metaphor

Examples

① Her eyes were small blue circle of ice.

② He gives a crystal explanation.

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3. Personification

Examples

Edelweiss, edelweiss,

Every morning you greet me.

Small and white

Clean and bright

You look happy to meet me.

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II. Skill Practice

Decide the type and explain the meaning.

1. The sky above our heads was inky black.

2. You might as well expect the sun to rise in the west as hope to move me.

3. The young moon lies on her back tonight as a quiet virgin.

(simile)

(metaphor) 1. 我们头顶的天如墨汁般漆黑。 2. 你不能动摇我的决心，正如你不能指望

太阳从西边出来一样。

(simile & personification)3. 今晚的新月倚背于夜空中，宛如一位安静的少女。

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4. All big ships are now driven by engines of some kind, and usually by steam engines or

oil engines. These turn the propeller, which is in the water at the back of the ship. It is in the form of a screw. When it turns, it pushes the ship forward as a wood-screw goes into a piece of wood when it is turned.

similemetaphor

Questions Answering Summary

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Para. 1 －2

1. Where does the writer stay overnight while traveling for speaking appointments?

I. Questions Answering

TipOften in other people’s homes and is assigned to the children’s bedrooms

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Para. 1 －2

2. Is it true that giving children too many toys and clothes is very harmful to them?

Tip not true, somewhat

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Para. 3 －6

3. Why do some parents feel guilty? What comes out of their sense of guilt?

Tiphold down full-time jobs, away from, compensate, material possessions

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6

4. Tick the reasons mentioned in the text for some parents giving too much.

A. They want their children to have things they once had.

B. They want their children to have things they didn’t get.

C. They want their children to make fun of other children without the same toys.

D. They want their children to feel loved.

E. They are in a dilemma of to give or not

to give.

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8II. Summary

Harmful effects of spoiling children with material things.

1. Children may become , selfish, ungrateful and to the and feelings of others.

2. children’s respect for their parents.

3. Spoiled children are less in their play for they have fewer in meeting their demands.

greedyinsensitive needs

Undermines

creativechallenges/difficulties

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Para.9 －11 Advice for parents

Tips :1.determine, submit, guilty2.firm decisions practice

prompt, definite manner3.gradual improvement4.respond immediately

1. Try to determine what makes them submit or feel guilty.

2. Begin to make firm decisions and practice responding to your children’s requests in a prompt, definite manner.

3. Be satisfied with gradual improvement.

4. Don’t expect your children to respond immediately.

Paraphrase

Translation

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1. I think in far too many families not only do children come to take their parents’ generosity for granted, but also the effects of this can actually be somewhat harmful to children. (L9)

In my opinion, in too many families children begin to accept what their parents give them or do for them without thinking much about it, and what is more, the effects of this fact are possibly harmful to them to

some degree.

我不仅认为孩子们把家长的慷慨大方视作理所当然的家庭实在太多了，而且认为这种做法的后果实际上对孩子们来说也是有害的。

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2. This kind of variability not only loosens the parents’ ability to set limits, it also sours the parent-child relationship to some degree, robbing parents and their children of some of the happiness and mutual respect that is present in healthy families. (L29)

This kind of change (in their way of dealing with their children’s requests) will not only weaken their ability to set limits to their children’s demands, but also cause the parent-child relationship to become unfavorable to some degree, at the same time taking some of the happiness and mutual respect away from parents and their children. Yet in healthy families happiness and mutual respect do exist. 这样的反复不定不但削弱了父母管教孩子的能

力，也在某种程度上使父母与子女之间的关系变味—使家长和子女失去存在于健康家庭里的幸福和相互尊重。

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3. Once you turn over a new leaf, you can’t expect to change completely right away. (L58)

一旦你改变了以往的做法， 也不能指望马上有效果。

When you (stop spoiling your children and ) change your old way of dealing with their unreasonable demands, you can’t expect to change in every way at once.

Word Using

Old to New

Chinese to English

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for the night; suddenly

only just

to some degree

change continually

• overnight

• barely

• somewhat

• fluctuate

I. Old to New

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changeable

small mistakes

remove the cover from

finally, at last

be certain to do sth.

• variable

• slip

• uncover

• in the end

• be bound to do sth.

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盥洗用品

备置充分的急救用品

一套滑雪用具

提出新颖的论点

• a lavatory/toilet kit

• a well-stocked first aid kit

• a skiing kit

• make an original point

II. Chinese to English

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上升趋势

认为……理所当然

出于同情而帮助某人

保住他的工作

• an increasing tendency

• take … for granted

• help sb. out of pity

• hold down his job

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全日制学生

兼职工作

以防，唯恐

嘲笑，取笑

一阵气愤

遗传变异性

• a full-time student

• a part-time job

• for fear that

• make fun of

• a wave of anger

• genetic variability

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1. spoil vt. (Title) ① harm the character of (esp. a child)

Ⅲ. Word Using

TranslationTranslation

那独生女孩被宠坏了—父母对她是有求必应。

KeyKeyThat only girl is terribly spoiled—her parents give her everything she asks for.

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1. spoil vt. ② make sth. useless,valueless or unsatisfactory; ruin

e.g.

因天气坏而使人扫兴的假期holidays spoiled by bad weather

TranslationTranslationThe new road has completely spoiled the character of the village.

KeyKey新修的路彻底毁掉了那个村庄的特点。

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1. spoil vi. ③ (of food, etc.) become bad or unfit to be used, eaten, etc.

TranslationTranslation如果你不把蛋糕放进冰箱，它就会变质。

KeyKey If you don’t keep it in the fridge, the cake will spoil.

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2. assign vt. (L2) ~ sth.① to sb.: give sth. to sb. as a share of work to be done or of things to be used

KeyKey

The teacher has assigned a holiday task to each of us.

TranslationTranslation

老师给我们每个人都分配了假日的任务。

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2. assign vt. ② ~ sb. to sth.: name sb. for task or position;

appoint sb.e.g.

They’ve assigned their best man to the job.

他们选派了最合适的人做那项工作。

TranslationTranslation其中的一个成员被指定作记录。 KeyKey

One of the members was assigned to take the minutes.

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2. assign vt.

③ name or fix (a time, place, reason, etc. for sth.)

TranslationTranslation

我们把每周例会定在星期四好吗？ KeyKey

Shall we assign Thursdays for our weekly meetings?

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e.g.

找合适的住宿

find suitable accommodations

找临时的住宿find temporary accommodations

3. accommodation n. (L13)

① (pl.) lodging; room(s) and food

TranslationTranslation

协会为参加会议的人提供食宿。 KeyKey

The society provided accommodations for the meeting.

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3. accommodation n. ② convenient arrangement; compromise

TranslationTranslation

The two sides failed to agree on every point but came to an accommodation. KeyKey

双方并非在每一点上意见都一致，但已达成和解。

BOOK2Unit5 4. submit vi. (L46)

① ~ (to sb./sth.): accept the control, superior strength, etc. (of sb./sth.); yield

e.g.

submit to discipline

遵守纪律submit to superior force慑服于优势兵力

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4. submit vt. ② ~ sth. (to sb./sth.): give sth. (to sb./sth.) so that it may be considered, decided on, etc.

e.g.

submit an essay to one’s tutor

向指导老师呈交论文

TranslationTranslation

你必须在 1 月 1 日之前提交申请书。KeyKey

You must submit your application before January 1st.

Debate

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Have a debate on the topic:

College students should (not) earn money to pay their tuition.