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![Page 1: DIET Write the term in the center of your paper. Around the term, write 10-15 words or phrases that come to mind when you hear the word diet. DIET.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022052414/56649d9e5503460f94a890f1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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DIET
• Write the term in the center of your paper. Around the term, write 10-15 words or
phrases that come to mind when you hear the word diet.
DIET
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The Ideal Body Image
• Media promotion
• Social acceptance
• Influence and stress on young individuals
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Food: More Than Just Nutrients
• Linked to personal emotions• Comfort• Reward
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Fad Diets
• A weight loss diet that becomes very popular (often quickly) and then may fall out of favor (sometimes just as quickly).
• Just because it is called a “fad diet” doesn’t mean it will work; sometimes also doesn’t mean it will fail.
• You have to do your research!!
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Risky Weight Loss Strategies
Miracle patch lets you lose
weight without dieting!
One pill helps you burn fat and lose pounds!!
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Risky Weight Loss Strategies
• Fail to produce long term results• Causes of serious health problems• Fad Diets: Weight loss plans that are popular
for only a short time.
CostlyNO
CARB
Special K Challenge
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Liquid Diets Replaces all of his/her food intake with a
special liquid formula. Generally do not meet the body’s energy
needs. Can leave body fatigued and even lead to
death after a period of time.
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Fasting• Fasting is to abstain from EATING!• Fasting for more than short periods of time
deprives your body of needed nutrients.• Without a fresh supply of nutrients each day,
your body begins breaking down proteins stored in muscle tissue.
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Some statistics• Eating disorders have
increased 3x the original rate in the last 50 years• 10% of the population is afflicted with an eating
disorder• 90% of the cases are young women and adolescent girls• Up to 21% of college women show minor symptoms of developing an eating disorder• 61% of college women show some sort of eating pathology
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Three Types of Eating Disorders• Anorexia nervosa- characterized by a pursuit of
thinness that leads to self-starvation• Bulimia nervosa- characterized by a cycle of bingeing
followed by extreme behaviors to prevent weight gain, such as purging.
• Binge-eating disorder- characterized by regular bingeing, but do not engage in purging behaviors.
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Risks of Eating Disorders
• Sometimes a person’s concerns about weight and body image can get out of control.
• Becoming obsessed with being thin is an eating disorder.
• Eating Disorder: An extreme, harmful eating behavior that can cause serious illness or even death.
• 90% of those with Eating disorders are female.• About 4% of that ranges in ages 16-18 years old.
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Anorexia
Risk of Death:
The Deadliest of all Psychological Disorders
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Anorexia Nervosa• A disorder in which the irrational fear of
becoming obese results in severe weight loss from self-imposed starvation.
• This is a psychological disorder with emotional and physical consequences.
• Most often develops in teenage girls and young women.
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Anorexia Nervosa• Symtoms are – EXTREMELY low calorie intake – obsession with exercising– emotional problems– unnatural interest in food– distorted body image– denial of an eating disorder.
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Bulimia NervosaAn illness characterized by repeated episodes of binge
eating followed by inappropriate compensatory methods – Purging, including self-induced vomiting or misuse of
laxatives, diuretics, or enemas
– Non-purging including fasting or engaging in excessive exercise
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Physical Signs of Bulimia
• Calluses or scars on the knuckles or hands from sticking fingers down the throat to induce vomiting.
• Puffy “chipmunk” cheeks caused by repeated vomiting. • Discolored teeth from exposure to stomach acid when
throwing up. May look yellow, ragged, or clear. • Not underweight – Men and women with bulimia are
usually normal weight or slightly overweight. Being underweight while purging might indicate a purging type of anorexia.
• Frequent fluctuations in weight – Weight may fluctuate by 10 pounds or more due to alternating episodes of bingeing and purging.
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Bulimia Nervosa Prevalence
• 5% of college women • 20% of college women exhibit symptoms
(Sx)• 50% of those with anorexia nervosa
develop bulimia nervosa• Gorging and purging/vomiting• Susceptible populations—athletes, actors,
dancers, wrestlers, runners
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Profile of Bulimia• Young (usually female) adults (college students)• May be predisposed to becoming overweight• Usually at or slightly above normal weight • Tried frequent weight-reduction diets as a teen• Impulsive• Often goes undiagnosed
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Profile of Bulimia Nervosa• Other psychological disorders, including major
depression, dysthymia, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, substance abuse
• Low self esteem• Guilt• Preoccupied with food• Recognize behavior is abnormal
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Two subtypes
• purging type – self-induced vomiting and laxatives as a way to
get rid of the extra calories they have taken in
• non-purging type – use a period of fasting and excessive exercise to
make up for the binge
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Binge Definition• Eating, in a discrete period of time (e.g.,
within any 2-hour period) an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat under similar circumstances
• A sense of lack of control over eating during the episode
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Binge• Relieves stress• Common binge foods:– High carbohydrate, high fat– Convenience foods– Cakes, cookies, ice cream– Soft, easier to purge
• High food bills
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Purge
• Laxatives, enemas– Act on large intestine– 90% of calories are absorbed in small
intestine– Damages large intestine → constipation
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Vomiting
• Most commonly used compensatory behavior (80%-90% of BN)
• 33-75% of calories still absorbed• Fingers down throat – Damaged knuckles
• Syrup of Ipecac– Toxic to heart, liver, kidneys– Poison if taken repeatedly
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Vomiting
• Teeth– Stomach acid erodes enamel–Pain, decay
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Diuretics
• Water loss• Electrolyte loss• NO fat loss!
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Hypergymnasia: Excessive Exercise
• Compulsive exercise: that which significantly interferes with life activities
• Occurs at inappropriate times or in inappropriate settings
• Continues despite injury or other medical complications
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All That You Have to Replace• Electrolytes - minerals in your blood and
other body fluids that carry an electric charge.
• You lose electrolytes when you sweat. You must replace them by drinking fluids.– Common electrolytes include:– Calcium– Chloride– Magnesium– Phosphorous– Potassium– Sodium
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All That You Have to Replace
• Rehydration - the restoration of water or fluid content to a patient or to a substance that has become dehydrated
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The Celebrity Thin Ideal
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The Thin-Ideal
• The avg. model weighs 23% less than the avg. American woman
• Longitudinal study from 1979-1988 showed that 69% of playboy models and 60% of Miss America contestants met weight criteria for anorexia
• Women’s bodies in the media have become increasingly thinner