Diet Soda Giacomo Rimoldi Gutiérrez CBE 555 November 13, 2007.
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Transcript of Diet Soda Giacomo Rimoldi Gutiérrez CBE 555 November 13, 2007.
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Diet
SodaGiacomo Rimoldi Gutiérrez
CBE 555November 13, 2007
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Where does come from?!
• In the US 64% of adults are overweight• 24.5% of American adults are obese• 16% of active duty US military personnel
are obese• Economic cost attributable to obesity in the
US is estimated to be $100 billion/yr
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Products that come from obese numbers
• Diet Soda• Artificial Sweeteners• Popcorn• Mayonnaise• Beer• Candy• Etc
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History of Diet Soda
• 1952 Kirsch Bottling in Brooklyn launches a sugar free ginger ale called No-Cal. Only distributed locally
• 1958 Royal Crown Cola comes up with Diet Rite• 1963 Coca-Cola Company joins the market with Tab (sweetened
with cyclamates and saccharin).• Late 1960’s Pepsi releases Patio Diet Cola• 1982 Coca-Cola puts Diet Coke in the market (study states
saccharin is a possible carcinogen)• 1980’s Beer companies join the “diet beverage” market• 1990 Tab makes a comeback after replacing some of the saccharin
with NutraSweet• 2002 Diet Vanilla Coke, Diet Pepsi Vanilla etc.
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Diet Soda Facts
• The main difference is due to the artificial sweetening in it. Aspartame (NutraSweet) is used instead of sugar.
• Sweeteners used before Aspartame:
• Cyclamates (banned in 1970 by FDA)
• Saccharin (banned in 1987, lifted in 1991)
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Aspartame
• aspartyl-phenylalanine-1-methyl ester • Although it has roughly the same number of
calories per gram as table sugar (sucrose), it is around 200 times sweeter
• Discovered by accident by James Schlatter,in 1965 while testing an anti-ulcer drug
• Approved in 1983
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Aspartic Acid
Phenyalanine
Methanol
Aspartic Acid: Amino acid that creates a high of aspartate and glutamate in blood plasma (neurotransmitters in the brain). Excess of these neurotransmitters kills certain neurons by allowing too much calcium in to the cells.
Phenyalanine: Amino acid found in the brain. People with the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU) cannot metabolize it. A very high levelhas proven to be harmul.
Methanol: Toxic
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• National Cancer Institute linked in 2006 aspartame with leukemia, lymphomas and brain tumors.
• Ramazzini Foundation found a direct relationship between aspartame and tumors in kidneys and peripheral nerves
• National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences states that exposure in the fetal life has carcinogenic effects
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• FDA suggests drinking soda instead of regular soda
• A study found that when a can a diet soda is stored at room temperature, the aspartame in the soda can break down into the chemical formaldehyde (birth defects and cancer).
• According to a study by the Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland in California, women who drink light beverages do not lose as much weight as women who just drink water
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Diet Soda drinkers are….. Compared to regular soda drinkers
• 37% more likely to agree that “I always think of the number of calories in the food I’m eating”
• 34% more likely to read the Wall Street Journal• 27% more likely to be in the top socio-economic quintile• 24% more likely to read Newsweek magazine• 23% more likely to be obese• 19% more likely to agree “I would like to be able to lose
weight”• 17% more likely to be concerned with their cholesterol
level• 13% more likely to be female• 13% more likely to be married• 10% more likely to be Caucasian American
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Bibliography• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_States
• http://www.obesityinamerica.org/geographic.html
• http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/ehost/detail?vid=5&hid=103&sid=dcf846d2-b815-4844-a92c-7d488baa05fe%40sessionmgr109
• http://www.roymorgan.com/roymorgan/library/c44820_8.JPG
• http://www.3dchem.com/molecules.asp?ID=24
• http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/national/265559_soda05.html
• http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2005/305_eat.html
• http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/ehost/detail?vid=5&hid=103&sid=dcf846d2-b815-4844-a92c-7d488baa05fe%40sessionmgr109
• http://www.dietsoda.org/
• http://galenet.galegroup.com.ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/servlet/HWRC/hits?docNum=A170115616&year2=&year1=&tcit=0_1_0_0_0&locID=wisc_madison&rlt=2&origSearch=true&t=RK&s=1&r=d&items=0&secondary=false&o=&n=10&day2=&day1=&l=d&sgPhrase=true&month2=&month1=&c=8&bucket=per&SU=aspartame
• http://metalib.wisconsin.edu.ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/V/5YPE7VRGQV1V12L7HHVET8AJTQ542DA9L9MJ558CU2LRRSRX12-45046?func=quick-3&short-format=002&set_number=049773&set_entry=000003&format=999