Dictators Threaten World Peace

Chapter 24 Section 1

A. Failures of WWI Peace Settlement• Treaty not fair to Germans because of

War Guilt Clause• Didn’t like terr. Being taken away

• Soviets resented taking of their land to make indep. Countries• Treaty did not help war torn Europe

recover & put stress on their econ through war debt• New Dem begin to crumbledictstors

take over w/ strong nationalistic feelings & ambition to expand their terr.

B. Stalin Transforms the Soviet Union

• Dem. CrumblesRev.communist state• Vladimir Lenin=1st leader who diesJoseph

Stalin• Turns SU into socialist state by eliminating

private farming• Collective farming= peasants give up small

farms to form large state owned farms• Second goal to turn SU into industrial power• Turned into large police state to accomplish

his goals• Spies, secret police arrested anyone who

criticized him and sent to labor camps

• Great Purge= Thousands of ppl in com. Party were arrested and executed• Established a totalitarian gov’t• Complete control over citizens by taking away all rights and suppressing all

opposition

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IGbjPqFFvA

C. The Rise of Fascism in Italy•Mussolini establishing his own

totalitarian state• Fascism= pol. Movement consisting of

strong cent. Gov’t headed by powerful dictator

• His gov’t didn’t take control of farm & factoriesbusiness ppl who feared com. Supported Mussolini• Staged march on RomeItalian king

allows him to create new gov’t• Blackshirts=his militant supporters

• Il Duce “the Chief”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hpn9iPLbNDc

D. The Nazi’s Take Over Germany• Joined Nat’l Socialist German Worker’s Party &

becomes fuherer (leader)• Laid out beliefs in Mein Kampf (My Struggle)• Like Fascism, Nazism based on extreme nationalism• Unit all German speaking ppl into great empire• “Aryns” formed “master” race destined to rule the world

•GD left ppl desperate for reliefHitler elected chancellor• Dismantled Dem gov’t (Weimar Rep.) and instituted the

Third Reichhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGhdX1SI3KY&bpctr=1389795371

II the United States Responds Cautiously

•Many ppl believed US should not get involved in these world affairs•US follows isolationist policy

•Kellogg-Briand Pact= US & 61 nations pledge to never make war again but permit defense war• Ineffective because it did not provide action against those who broke the pact

A. Clinging to Isolationism• Americans determined not to go to

war• Girl scouts change Khaki to green (less

militaristic• “scholarships not battleships”

• American isolationism affects US foreign policy• Neutrality Acts aimed to keep US out of

war• Outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at

war• Outlawed sale or loan of arms to nation in

civil war (Francisco Franco Spain)

B. Neutrality Breaks Down• Despite neutrality acts Americans get involved in Spanish civil

war• Stalin and Mussolini send aid to Franco while Americans volunteer

• Hitler sees Span Civil War as op. to test military sends them in•Western Dem. Send only send clothes and food out of fear of

getting dragged into another ware• Japan launches invasion of China FDR does not follow

Neutrality Acts since they did not formally declare war• America remained isolated and uninvolved in the fighting

“over there”