Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.
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Transcript of Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.
![Page 1: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Diagramming Atoms
Labeling Electrons – Part 1Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3
![Page 2: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
First a bit of Review!
• Atomic number – number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
• Mass number – number of protons + number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
![Page 3: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Atomic Diagrams• Electron shell diagrams are ways to
visualize the arrangement of electrons in an atom
• These diagrams
show which energy
levels, called shells,
the electrons are
found.
![Page 4: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Electron shell diagrams Particle locations
1. Nucleus
- All protons (p+)
are found in
the nucleus
- All neutrons (N)
are found in
the nucleus
![Page 5: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Electron shell diagrams2. Electron Cloud
- The general space around an atom where the electrons are found
- All electrons (e-)
are found in the
electron clouds
in orbitals
![Page 6: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Electron shell diagrams3. Neutral atoms of any element have
equal numbers of protons and electrons
4. The number of neutrons can be found
from the atomic mass of an element - Round atomic mass to the nearest whole number
mass number
- Mass number = Atomic number + neutron number
![Page 7: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Energy levels in atoms
Quantum Numbers – values which represent the theoretical “address” of an electron in an atom
1. Electrons are modeled in atoms combining two atomic models
![Page 8: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Bohr’s Model
• Electrons
orbit the
nucleus
in fixed
paths
![Page 9: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Modern Atomic Model
• Electrons
are found
in areas
called
electron
clouds
![Page 10: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Energy levels in atoms 2. There are distinct energy levels in an atom
“n” number (this is the first quantum number)
• Energy levels – specific regions of space in which electrons can move about the nucleus of an atom, based on stability of the atom
![Page 11: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Energy Level Numbera. “n” can equal
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7
b. Only whole, n = 1
non-negative
numbers
c. Like the rungs
of a ladder n = 2
*There is nothing n = 3
between the energy levels but open space
![Page 12: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Energy levels in atoms 3. Energy level numbers generally
correspond to period number (there is a pattern to it)
![Page 13: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Energy levels in atoms
n # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Max
e-
2 8 18 32 32 32 32
4. Each energy level may contain only a specific maximum number of electrons
![Page 14: Diagramming Atoms Labeling Electrons – Part 1 Supplement to Book – Glencoe: Chapter 22 and 19-3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfae1a28abf838c9cb0f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Energy levels in atoms5. Energy levels fill
up in a specific order
lowest energy (n = 1)
(most stable)
to
highest energy (n = 7)
(least stable)