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Deacon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the office in the Christian Church. For other uses, seeDeacon
(disambiguation).
Saint Stephen,one of the first seven deacons in the Christian Church, holding aGospel
Book.Painting byGiacomo Cavedone1601
Deaconis a ministry in theChristian Churchthat is generally associated with service ofsome kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. In many
traditions the "diaconate", the term for a deacon's office, is aclericaloffice; in others it is
forlaity.
The word "deacon" is derived from the Greek word diakonos(),
[1]
which is astandardancient Greekword meaning "servant", "waiting-man", "minister" or"messenger".
[2]One commonly promulgated speculation as to its etymology is that it
literally means 'through the dust', referring to the dust raised by the busy servant or
messenger.[3]
It is generally believed that the office of deacon originated in the selection of seven men,
among themStephen,to assist with the charitable work of the early church as recorded in
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#mw-navigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#mw-navigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#mw-navigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_Bookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_Bookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_Bookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_Bookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Cavedonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Cavedonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Cavedonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clergyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clergyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clergyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:StStephen_GiacomoCavedone.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:StStephen_GiacomoCavedone.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:StStephen_GiacomoCavedone.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:StStephen_GiacomoCavedone.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clergyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Cavedonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_Bookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_Bookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#mw-navigation -
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Acts 6.[4][5]
Female deacons are mentioned byPliny the Youngerin a letter toTrajandated
c. 112. The exact relationship between male and female Deacons varies. In some traditions
a female deacon is simply a member of the order of deacons; in others, deaconesses
constitute a separate order; in others, the title "deaconess" is given to the wife of a deacon.
A biblical description of the qualities required of a deacon, and of their household, can befound in1 Timothy 3:1-13.
Among the more prominent deacons in history are Phoebe, the only person actually called"deacon" in Scripture;Stephen,the first Christian martyr (the "protomartyr");Philip,whose
baptism of theEthiopian eunuchis recounted inActs 8:26-40;Saint Lawrence,an early
Roman martyr;Saint Vincent of Saragossa,protomartyr of Spain;Saint Francis of Assisi,founder of the mendicantFranciscans;SaintEphrem the Syrianand SaintRomanosthe
Melodist, a prominent early hymnographer. Prominent historical figures who played major
roles as deacons and went on to higher office include SaintAthanasius of Alexandria,
Thomas BecketandReginald Pole.
The title is also used for the president, chairperson, or head of a tradesguildinScotland;
and likewise to two officers of aMasonic Lodge.
Contents
[hide]
1 Catholicism, Orthodoxy, Anglicanismo 1.1 Roman Catholicismo 1.2 Eastern Orthodoxy and Eastern Catholicismo 1.3 Anglicanism
2 Deaconesses 3 Lutheran churches
o 3.1 Missouri Synod (USA)o 3.2 Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
3.2.1 Deaconess Community (ELCA/ELCIC) 3.2.2 Diaconal Ministers/Associates in Ministry (ELCA/ELCIC)
o 3.3PorvooLutheran churches 4 Methodist churches
o 4.1 Methodist Church of Great Britaino 4.2 The United Methodist Church
5 Other traditionso 5.1 Amisho 5.2 Baptistso 5.3 Church of Scotlando 5.4 Uniting Church in Australiao 5.5 Presbyterian Church (USA/PCA)o 5.6 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saintso 5.7 Church of Christ
http://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Acts&verse=6&src=KJVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Youngerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Youngerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Youngerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajanhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=1%20Timothy&verse=3:1-13&src=KJVhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=1%20Timothy&verse=3:1-13&src=KJVhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=1%20Timothy&verse=3:1-13&src=KJVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Evangelisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Evangelisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Evangelisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_eunuchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_eunuchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_eunuchhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Acts&verse=8:26-40&src=KJVhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Acts&verse=8:26-40&src=KJVhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Acts&verse=8:26-40&src=KJVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Vincent_of_Saragossahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Vincent_of_Saragossahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Vincent_of_Saragossahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Francis_of_Assisihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Francis_of_Assisihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Francis_of_Assisihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanus_the_Singerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanus_the_Singerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanus_the_Singerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beckethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beckethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Polehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Polehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Polehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonic_Lodgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonic_Lodgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonic_Lodgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Catholicism.2C_Orthodoxy.2C_Anglicanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Catholicism.2C_Orthodoxy.2C_Anglicanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Eastern_Orthodoxy_and_Eastern_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Eastern_Orthodoxy_and_Eastern_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Anglicanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Anglicanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Deaconesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Deaconesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Missouri_Synod_.28USA.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Missouri_Synod_.28USA.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Deaconess_Community_.28ELCA.2FELCIC.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Deaconess_Community_.28ELCA.2FELCIC.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Diaconal_Ministers.2FAssociates_in_Ministry_.28ELCA.2FELCIC.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Diaconal_Ministers.2FAssociates_in_Ministry_.28ELCA.2FELCIC.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Porvoo_Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Porvoo_Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Porvoo_Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Porvoo_Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Methodist_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Methodist_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Other_traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Other_traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Amishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Amishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Baptistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Baptistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Uniting_Church_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Uniting_Church_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Presbyterian_Church_.28USA.2FPCA.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Presbyterian_Church_.28USA.2FPCA.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Christhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Christhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Christhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Presbyterian_Church_.28USA.2FPCA.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Uniting_Church_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Baptistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Amishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Other_traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Methodist_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Porvoo_Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Diaconal_Ministers.2FAssociates_in_Ministry_.28ELCA.2FELCIC.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Deaconess_Community_.28ELCA.2FELCIC.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Missouri_Synod_.28USA.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Lutheran_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Deaconesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Anglicanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Eastern_Orthodoxy_and_Eastern_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Catholicism.2C_Orthodoxy.2C_Anglicanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonic_Lodgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Polehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beckethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanus_the_Singerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Francis_of_Assisihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Vincent_of_Saragossahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrencehttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Acts&verse=8:26-40&src=KJVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_eunuchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Evangelisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephenhttp://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=1%20Timothy&verse=3:1-13&src=KJVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Youngerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-4http://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Acts&verse=6&src=KJV 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o 5.8 New Apostolic Churcho 5.9 Jehovah's Witnesses
6 Cognates 7 Scots usage 8 See also 9 Footnotes 10 References
o 10.1 Church of Christo 10.2 Malankara Orthodox Syrian Churcho 10.3 Lutheran Church
11 External links
Catholicism, Orthodoxy, Anglicanism[edit]
The diaconate is one of themajor ordersin theCatholic,Anglican,Eastern Orthodox,andOriental Orthodoxchurches. The other major orders are those ofbishopandpresbyter
(priest).
While the diaconate as a permanent order was maintained from earliest Apostolic times to
the present in the Eastern churches (Orthodox and Catholic), it mostly disappeared in the
Western church (with a few notable exceptions such as St Francis of Assisi) during the firstmillennium, with Western churches retaining deacons attached to diocesan cathedrals. The
diaconate continued in a vestigial form as a temporary, final step along the course to
ordination to the Roman Catholic priesthood. In the 20th century, the diaconate was
restored as a permanent order in many Western churches, most notably in the Latin Rite ofthe Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, andThe United Methodist Church.
In Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican churches, deacons assist priests in their pastoral and
administrative duties, but often report indirectly to the bishops of their diocese. They have a
distinctive role in theliturgy,their main tasks being to proclaim theGospel,preach, assistin the administration of theEucharistand to serve the poor and outcast.
Roman Catholicism[edit]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#New_Apostolic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#New_Apostolic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Cognateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Cognateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Scots_usagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Scots_usagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Footnoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Footnoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Christ_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Christ_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Lutheran_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Lutheran_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Ordershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Ordershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Ordershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liturgyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liturgyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liturgyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucharisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucharisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucharisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucharisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liturgyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_United_Methodist_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Ordershttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Lutheran_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Church_of_Christ_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Footnoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Scots_usagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Cognateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#New_Apostolic_Church -
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In Poland, aCatholicdeacon chants theExsultetat theEaster Vigil.
After the Council of Nicea, the Order of Deacons was suppressed by the Pope. From thattime until the years just prior to theSecond Vatican Council,the only men ordained as
deacons were seminarians who were completing the last year or so of graduate theological
training, who received the order several months before priestly ordination.
Following the recommendations of the council (inLumen Gentium29), in 1967Pope Paul
VIissued themotu proprioSacrum Diaconatus Ordinem, restoring the ancient practice ofordaining to the diaconate men who were not candidates for priestly ordination. These menare known aspermanent deaconsin contrast to those continuing their formation, who were
then called transitional deacons. There is no sacramental difference between the two,
however, as there is only one order of deacons.[6]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsultethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsultethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsultethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Vigilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Vigilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Vigilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motu_propriohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motu_propriohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motu_propriohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dalmatiek.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DeaconsingingExsultet2007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DeaconsingingExsultet2007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dalmatiek.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DeaconsingingExsultet2007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DeaconsingingExsultet2007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dalmatiek.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DeaconsingingExsultet2007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DeaconsingingExsultet2007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motu_propriohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Vigilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsultethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church -
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Ornately embroidered dalmatic, the proper vestment of the deacon (shown from the back
with an appareledamice)
The permanent diaconate formation period in the Roman Catholic Church varies from
diocese to diocese as it is determined by the local ordinary. But it usually entails a year ofprayerful preparation, a four- or five-year training period that resembles a collegiate course
of study, and a year of post-ordination formation as well as the need for lifelong continuing
education credits. Diaconal candidates receive instruction inphilosophy,theology,study of
the Holy Scriptures (the Bible),homiletics,sacramental studies,evangelization,ecclesiology,counseling, and pastoral care and ministry before ordination. Although they
are assigned to work in a parish by the diocesan bishop, once assigned, deacons are under
the supervision of the parish pastor.[7]
Unlike most clerics, permanent deacons who also
have a secular profession have no right to receive a salary for their ministry,[8]
but manydioceses opt to remunerate them anyway.
[9]
The ministry of the deacon in the Roman Catholic Church is described as one of service in
three areas: the Word, the Liturgy and Charity. The deacon's ministry of the Word includes
proclaiming the Gospel during theMass,preaching and teaching. The deacon's liturgical
ministry includes various parts of the Mass proper to the deacon, including being anordinary minister of Holy Communion and the proper minister of the chalice when Holy
Communion is administered under both kinds. The ministry of charity involves service to
the poor and marginalized and working with parishioners to help them become moreinvolved in such ministry. As clerics, deacons are required to recite theLiturgy of the
Hours.Deacons, like priests and bishops, are ordinary ministers of the sacrament of
Baptismand can serve as the church's witness at the sacrament of Holy Matrimony, which
the bride and groom administer to each other (though if the exchange of vows takes place ina wedding Mass, or Nuptial Mass, the Mass is celebrated by the priest and the deacon actsas another witness). Deacons may preside at funeral rites not involving a Mass (e.g., the
final commendation at the gravesite or the reception of the body at a service in the funeralhome), and may assist the priest at the Requiem Mass. They can preside over various
services such asBenediction of the Blessed Sacrament,and they may give certain
blessings. They cannot hear confession and give absolution, anoint the sick, or celebrate
Mass.
At Mass, the deacon is the ordinary minister of the proclamation of the Gospel (in fact, apriest, bishop, or even the Pope should not proclaim the Gospel if a deacon is present)
[10]
and of Holy Communion (primarily, of the Precious Blood). As ordained clerics, and if
granted faculties by their bishops, deacons may preach the homily at a public Mass, unless
the priest celebrant retains that ministry to himself at a given Mass.
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Catholicdeacon wearing adalmatic.
Thevestmentsmost particularly associated with the Western Rite Catholic deacon are the
alb,stoleanddalmatic.Deacons, like priests and bishops, must wear their albs and stoles;deacons place the stole over their left shoulder and it hangs across to their right side, while
priests and bishops wear it around their necks. The dalmatic, a vestment especially
associated with the deacon, is worn during the celebration of the Mass and other liturgical
functions; its use is more liberally applied than the corresponding vestment of the priest, thechasuble.At certain major celebrations, such as ordinations, the diocesan bishop wears a
dalmatic under his chasuble.
Permanent deacons often serve in parish or other ministry as their time permits, since they
typically have other full-time employment. They may also act as parish administrators (C.
217 of the Code of Canon Law). With the passage of time, more and more deacons areserving in full-time ministries in parishes, hospitals, prisons, and in diocesan positions.
Deacons often work directly in ministry to the marginalized inside and outside the church:
the poor, the sick, the hungry, the imprisoned.
The permanent diaconate can be conferred on single men 25 or older, and on married men
35 or older, but an older age can be required by the episcopal conference.[11]
If a married
deacon is widowed, he must maintain the celibate state. Under some very rarecircumstances, however, deacons who have been widowed can receive permission to
remarry. This is most commonly done when the deacon is left as a single father. In some
cases, a widowed deacon will seek priestly ordination, especially if his children aregrown.
[12](See alsoclerical celibacy.) The wife of a permanent deacon may be sometimes
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considered a partner in his ordained ministry. In many dioceses, the wife of the diaconal
candidate undertakes the same education and training her husband does.
A permanent deacon is notstyled"Father" as a priest would be, but as "Deacon",
abbreviated variously as "Dn." or "Dcn." This preferred method of address is stated in the
2005 document of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, National Directoryfor the Formation, Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons in the United States. The
proper address in written correspondence for all Deacons of the Latin (Roman Rite)
Catholic Church is "Rev. Mr.". "Rev. Mr.", however, is more often used to indicate a
transitional deacon(i.e., preparing for ordination to the priesthood) or one who belongs to areligious institute,while "Deacon" is used as the honorific for permanent deacons (e.g.
Deacon John Smith, or Deacon Smith). The decision as to whether deacons wear the
Roman collar as street attire is left to the discretion of each bishop for his own diocese.
Where clerical garb is approved by the bishop, the deacon can choose to wear or not wearthe "collar".
[citation needed]Where it is not permitted, the deacon must wear secular clothing. It
is becoming more common to see deacons wearing a clerical suit.
Deacons, like seminarians, religious, and the two other orders, Bishops and priests, recite
theLiturgy of the Hours;however, deacons, if they are obliged to do so, are usually only
required to participate in Morning and Evening Prayer.
In solemn Masses today and moreso in older Rites of the Mass, one deacon will serve astheDeacon of the Word(proclaiming the Gospel and the Kyrie, and some other parts), and
theDeacon of the Eucharist,who assists the priest during the Liturgy of the Eucharist.
Eastern Orthodoxy and Eastern Catholicism[edit]
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Greek Orthodoxdeacon in theChurch of the NativityinBethlehem,wearing anorarion
over hissticharion.On his head he wears the clericalkamilavka.
In addition to reading theGospeland assisting in the administration ofHoly Communion,
the deaconcensestheiconsand people, calls the people to prayer, leads thelitanies,and
has a role in the dialogue of theAnaphora.In keeping with Eastern tradition he is notpermitted to perform anySacred Mysteries(sacraments) on his own, except for Baptisminextremis(in danger of death), conditions under which anyone, including the laity, may
baptize. When assisting at a normal baptism, it is often the deacon who goes down into the
water with the one being baptized (Acts 8:38). In contrast to theRoman Catholic Church,deacons in the Eastern Churches may not preside at the celebration of marriages, as in
Eastern theology the sacrament is conferred by the nuptial blessing of a priest.
Diaconal vestments are thesticharion(dalmatic), theorarion(deacon's stole), and the
epimanikia(cuffs). The last are worn under his sticharion, not over it as does a priest or
bishop. The deacon usually wears a simple orarion which is only draped over the leftshoulder but, if elevated to the rank or archdeacon, he wears the "doubled-orarion",
meaning it is passed over the left shoulder, under the right arm, and then crossed over the
left shoulder (see photograph, right). In modern Greek practice, a deacon wears this
doubled orarion from the time of his ordination. Also, in the Greek practice, he wears theclericalkamilavka(cylindrical head covering) with a rim at the top. In Slavic practice, a
hierodeacon(monastic deacon) wears the simple black kamilavka of a monk (without the
rim), but he removes the monastic veil (seeklobuk)when he is vested; a married deaconwould not wear a kamilavka unless it is given to him by the bishop as anecclesiastical
award;the honorary kamilavka is purple in colour, and may be awarded to either married or
monastic clergy.
As far as street clothing is concerned, immediately following his ordination the deacon
receives a blessing to wear theExorasson(Arabic:Jib'be,Slavonic:Riassa), an outer
cassock with wide sleeves, in addition to theAnterion(Slavonic:Podraznik), the innercassock worn by all orders of clergy. In the Slavic practice, married clergy may wear any of
a number of colours, but most often grey, while monastic clergy always wear black. In
certain jurisdtictions in North America and Western Europe, aRoman collaris often worn,although this is not a traditional or widespread practice.
Aprotodeacon(Greek: :protodiakonos, "first deacon") is a distinction of
honor awarded to senior deacons, usually serving on the staff of the diocesan bishop. An
archdeaconis similar, but is among the monastic clergy. Protodeacons and archdeacons use
a double-length orarion even if it is not the local tradition for all deacons to use it. In theSlavic tradition a deacon may be awarded the doubled-orarion even if he is not a
protodeacon or archdeacon.
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ipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Nativityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Orthodox 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Painting of aRussian Orthodoxdeacon leading anektenia(litany).
According to the practice of the Greek Orthodox Church of America, in keeping with the
tradition of the Ecumenical Patriarchate, the most common way to address a deacon is
"Father".[13]
Depending on local tradition, deacons are addressed as either "Father", "FatherDeacon", "Deacon Father", or, if addressed by a Bishop, simply as "Deacon".
The tradition ofkissing the handsof ordained clergymen extends to the diaconate as well.
This practice is rooted in the Holy Eucharist and is in acknowledgement and respect of theEucharistic role members of the clergy play in preparing, handling and disbursing the
divine and lifegiving body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ during the Divine Liturgy,and in building and serving the Body of Christ, His Church.
Anciently, the Eastern Churches consecrateddeaconesses.This practice fell into desuetudein the second millennium, but has been revived in some churches.Saint Nectarios of
Pentapolisconsecrated a number of nuns as deaconesses in convents. Deaconesses would
assist in anointing and baptising women, and in ministering to the spiritual needs of the
women of the community, but would not serve within the Holy Altar. As churchesdiscontinued consecrating women as deaconesses, these duties largely fell to thenunsand
to the priests' wives.
(See alsoclerical celibacy.)
Anglicanism[edit]
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AnAnglicanpriest vested as a deacon with an alb and a purplestoleover his left shoulder.
In Anglican churches, deacons often work directly in ministry to the marginalized inside
and outside the church: the poor, the sick, the hungry, the imprisoned. Unlike Orthodox andCatholic deacons who may be married only before ordination, Anglican deacons are
permitted to marry freely before or after ordination, as are Anglican priests. Most deacons
are preparing for priesthood and are usually ordained as priests about a year after theirdiaconal ordination. However, there are some deacons who do not go on to receive priestly
ordination. Many provinces of theAnglican Communionordain both women and men asdeacons. Many of those provinces that ordain women to the priesthood previously allowed
them to be ordained only to the diaconate. The effect of this was the creation of a large and
overwhelmingly female diaconate for a time, as most men proceeded to be ordained priestsafter a short time as a deacon.
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Certificate of Ordination as a Deacon in the Church of England given byRichard Terrick,
the Bishop of London, to Gideon Bostwick. February 24, 1770
Anglican deacons maybaptizeand in some dioceses are granted licences tosolemnize
matrimony,usually under the instruction of their parish priest andbishop.They commonlyofficiate atBenediction of the Blessed Sacrament.Deacons are not able to preside at the
eucharist(but can lead worship with the distribution of already-consecrated communion
elements where this is permitted), nor can they pronounce God's absolution of sin or
pronounce the Trinitiarian blessing.[14]
In most cases, deacons minister alongside otherclergy.
An Anglican deacon wears an identicalchoir dressto an Anglican priest:cassock,surplice,
tippetandacademic hood.However, liturgically, deacons usually wear astoleover their
left shoulder and fastened on the right side of their waist. This is worn both over the
surplice and thealb.A deacon might also wear adalmatic.
Deaconesses[edit]
Main article:Deaconess
The title "women deacon" or "deaconess" appears in many documents from the earlyChurch period, particularly in the East. Their duties were often different from that of male
deacons; women deacons prepared adult women for baptism and they had a general
Apostolate to female Christians and catechumens (typically for the sake of modesty).[15]
Women appear to have been ordained as deacons to serve the larger community until aboutthe 6th century in the West
[16]and in the East until modern times.
Liturgies for the ordination of women deacons are quite similar to those for maledeacons
[17]and the ancient ordination rites have been noted by groups like
Womenpriests.[18]
Although it is sometimes argued that women deacons of history were not
sacramentally ordained in the full sense used in the present day in Canons 1008 and 1009 ofthe Code of Canon Law,
[19]some modern scholars argue that the ordination of women
deacons would have been equally sacramental to that of male deacons.[20]
Currently, the Catholic Church has not restored women to the diaconate, although Vatican
statements have declined to state that this is not possible, as they have in the case of priestly
ordination. The Russian Orthodox Church had a female diaconate into the 20th century.
The Holy Synod of the Orthodox Church of Greece restored a monastic female diaconate in2004.
[21]
Lutheran churches[edit]
Missouri Synod (USA)[edit]
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Deaconess Community (ELCA/ELCIC)[edit]
The Deaconess Community, a community of women serving in the Evangelical LutheranChurch in America (ELCA) and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada (ELCIC) was
formed in 1884. These women, who bear the title of 'Sister', proclaim the gospel through
ministries of mercy and servant leadership on behalf of both churches for the sake of theworld. Since the 1970s the sisters have been allowed to marry.
Diaconal Ministers/Associates in Ministry (ELCA/ELCIC)[edit]
The diaconate was recognized and rostered by the ELCA in 1993, creating a fourth 'roster'
of recognized ministers (the other three being ordained, associates in ministry, anddeaconess) in the churchwide body. The community is still young and as such is still being
formed as to what styles and forms of ministry a diaconal minister pursues, as well as
practices and traditions of the same.
As in the Anglican Communion, Lutheran diaconal ministers are allowed to wear a stoledraped sideways from one shoulder and tied off at the waist, usually with some material lefthanging below. Diaconal ministers (the term "deacon" is used occasionally but not
officially) are involved in preaching, assisting in worship, leading worship in lieu of an
ordained pastor and other congregational duties; they are, however, primarily called to
service outside the church, in fields such as campus ministry, chaplaincy, congregationalministry, counseling, social service agency work, spiritual direction, parish and community
nursing and a range of other avenues. A diaconal minister is "consecrated", rather than
"ordained". This ceremony is usually presided over by a bishop.
Also of note are the 'associates in ministry (AIM), a rostered position within the ELCA
consisting of laypersons commissioned into positions of service within the church, mostoften as educators, musicians, and worship leaders. While there is a trend towards
combining the diaconal and associate ministries, the 'AIM' program continues in its own
right, and associates are spread across the entirety of the churchwide body. AIMs are"commissioned" in the church and the hierarchy for service.
PorvooLutheran churches[edit]
ThePorvoo Communionis a formally constituted union between the Anglican churches of
Ireland and Great Britain and the Lutheran churches of most of the Scandinavian and Baltic
states. These Lutheran churches administer holy orders in the same threefold ministry as the
Anglican Communion, with deacons ordained to their ministry. As a result the Porvooagreement allows for a complete freedom of exchange of ministries (of bishops and priests
as well as deacons) between the Anglican and Lutheran churches who are signatories.
Methodist churches[edit]
Methodist Church of Great Britain[edit]
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Methodist Church of Great Britainhas a Permanent Diaconate, based on an understanding
of theNew Testamentthat Deacons have an equal, but distinct ministry from
Presbyters.[23][24]
The original Wesleyan Deaconess Order was founded by Rev Thomas
Bowman Stephenson in 1890, following observation of new ministries in urban areas in theprevious years.
[25]The order continued as the Wesley Deaconess Order following
Methodist Union in 1932, but, following the admission of women to "The Ministry" (aspresbyteral ministry is commonly termed in the Methodist Church), a number ofDeaconesses transferred and recruitment for the WDO ceased from 1978. The 1986
Methodist Conference[26]
re-opened The Order to both men and women and the first
Ordinations to the renewed order occurred during the 1990 Conference in Cardiff, whichcoincided with celebrations of 100 years of diaconal service in British Methodism;
deaconesses had previously been ordained at their annualconvocation.
The United Methodist Church[edit]
In U.S. Methodism, the deacon began as a transitional order before a clergy person was
ordained elder. In 1996, TheUnited Methodist Churchended the transitional deacon andestablished a new Order of Deacons to be equal in status with the Order of Elders. Bothmen and women may be ordained as deacons. Deacons serve in a variety of specialized
ministries including, but not limited to, Christian education, music, communications and
ministries of justice and advocacy. Unlike United Methodist elders, deacons must find theirown place of service. Nevertheless, the bishop does officially approve and appoint deacons
to their selected ministry.[27]
Deacons may assist the elder in the administration of
Sacraments, but must receive special approval from a bishop before presiding over Baptismand Holy Communion.
[28]
Other traditions[edit]
Deacons are also appointed or elected in otherProtestantdenominations, though this is less
commonly seen as a step towards the clerical ministry. The role of deacon in these
denominations varies greatly from denomination to denomination; often, there will be moreemphasis on administrative duties than on pastoral or liturgical duties. In some
denominations, deacons' duties are only financial management and practical aid and relief.
Eldershandle pastoral and other administrative duties.
Amish[edit]
TheAmishhave deacons, but they are elected by a council and receive no formal training.
Baptists[edit]
Baptistshave traditionally followed the principle of the autonomy of the local church
congregation, giving each church the ability to discern for themselves the interpretation of
scripture. Thus, the views among Baptist churches as to who becomes a deacon and when,
as well as what they do and how they go about doing it, vary greatly. Baptists recognize
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The congregations of theFree Church of Scotland (post 1900)which did not join the UF
Church in 1900 continue to have Deacons.
Uniting Church in Australia[edit]
In theUniting Church in Australia,the diaconate is one of two offices of ordained ministry.The other is Minister of the Word.
Deacons in the Uniting Church are called to minister to those on the fringes of the churchand be involved in ministry in the community. A deacon is a pathfinder. They go where
others have not gone before and light the way for the church to respond to where people in
the community are hurting, disadvantaged and oppressed. A deacon is a community
builder. Not always having congregation, they begin with scattered people and shape theminto a community. A deacon is an evangelist. They share the good news of the gospel with
people in the community.
Due to shortages in diaconal placements in the Uniting Church, deacons are often servingin similar or exact placements to ministers of the Word.
It is also acknowledged that both the "Ministry of the Word" and the "Ministry of Deacon"
have a number of overlaps and not one particular ministry is restricted to any particular
ordination.
In the Uniting Church both ministers of the word and deacons are styled The Reverend.
Presbyterian Church (USA/PCA)[edit]
Individual congregations of these church denominations also elect deacons, along withelders.However, in some churches the property-functions of the diaconate and session ofelders is commended to an independent board oftrustees.John Calvin's legacy of restoring
a servant-ministry diaconate[29]
lives on in the Presbyterian churches. Deacons are specially
charged with ministries of mercy, especially toward the sick and the poor[30]
.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints[edit]
Main articles:Deacon (Latter Day Saints)andPriesthood (Latter Day Saints)
The office of Deacon is generally open to all 12- and 13-year-old male members of the
church; all are encouraged to become Deacons. Duties include:
1. Gather fast offerings.2. Pass the sacrament.3. Serve as the bishops messenger.4. Care for the grounds and physical facilities of the church.5. Assist in service projects or welfare assignments as assigned by the bishop.6. Watch over the Church and act as standing ministers (see D&C 84:111).
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7. Be involved in missionary and reactivation efforts (see D&C 20:5859).8. Assist teachers in all their duties as needed (see D&C 20:53, 57).9. Give talks in Church meetings.
Church of Christ[edit]
The role of deacons in this church is also widely varied. Generally they are put in control ofvarious programs of a congregation. They are servants, as the etymology indicates, of the
church. They are under the subjection of the elders, as is the rest of the congregation. Their
qualifications are found in the New Testament, in 1 Timothy 3:8-13 (Waddey, John; et al.1981).
New Apostolic Church[edit]
In theNew Apostolic Church,the deacon ministry is a local ministry. A deacon mostly
works in his home congregation to support the priests. If a priest is unavailable, a deacon
will hold a divine service, without the act of communion (Only Priests and up canconsecrate Holy Communion).
Jehovah's Witnesses[edit]
Deacons amongJehovah's Witnessesare referred to asministerial servants,claiming it
preferable to translate the descriptive Greek term used in the Bible rather than merely
transliterate it as though it were a title.[31]
Appointed ministerial servants aideldersincongregational duties. Like the elders, they are adult baptized males
[32]and serve
voluntarily.[33]
Cognates[edit]
The Greek word diakonos() gave rise to the following terms from the history of
Russia,not to be confused with each other: "dyak", "podyachy", "dyachok", in addition to"deacon" and "protodeacon".
Scots usage[edit]
InScots language,the title deaconis used for a head-workman, a master or chairman of a
tradeguild,or one who is adept, expert and proficient. The term deaconryrefers to the
office of a deaconor the trade guild under a deacon.
The most famous holder of this title wasDeacon Brodiewho was a cabinet-maker andpresident of the Incorporation of Wrights and Masons as well as being aBurghcouncillor
ofEdinburgh,but at night led a double life as aburglar.He is thought to have inspired the
story ofThe Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.
See also[edit]
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=22http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=22http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=22http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Apostolic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Apostolic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Apostolic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses#Ministerial_servantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses#Ministerial_servantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses#Ministerial_servantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyak_(clerk)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyak_(clerk)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyak_(clerk)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podyachyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podyachyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyachokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyachokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protodeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protodeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protodeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Brodiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Brodiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Brodiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burglarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burglarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burglarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hydehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hydehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hydehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=27http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hydehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burglarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Brodiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protodeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyachokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podyachyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyak_(clerk)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Jehovah.27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses#Ministerial_servantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Apostolic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=22 -
8/12/2019 Diaconate
18/20
Chr istianity portal
Archdeacon Cardinal deacon Deaconess Diakonissa Protodeacon Subdeacon
Footnotes[edit]
1. ^"deacon".The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.Retrieved 2008-08-17.
2. ^Liddell, Henry George;Scott, Robert(1889).An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon.Oxford:Clarendon Press.ISBN0-19-910206-6.Retrieved 2007-10-18.
3. ^Partridge, Eric (1983). Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English. New York:Greenwich House.ISBN0-517-41425-2.
4. ^Thurston, Herbert (1913)."Deacons".Catholic Encyclopedia.New York: Robert AppletonCompany. Retrieved 2007-10-18.
5. ^Hopko, Thomas."Holy Orders".Retrieved 2007-10-18.6. ^Charles M. Wilson,A few additional observations
url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/CANONLAW/WOMENDEA.htm
7. ^USCCB Diaconate FAQ - Section 5 "Is a Deacon ordained for the Parish or the Diocese?"http://www.usccb.org/deacon/faqs.shtml
8. ^Canon 281 3.9. ^Details about the permanent diaconate in the United States are outlined in a 2005 document of the
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops,National Directory for the Formation, Ministry and
Life of Permanent Deacons in the United States.
url=http://nccbuscc.org/deacon/DeaconDirectory.pdf
10.
^USCCB - Committee on the Liturgy - Chapter IV11. ^http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19670618_sacrum-diaconatus_en.html
12. ^(National Directory for the Formation, Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons in the UnitedStates, 2005, pg. 36)
13. ^"Etiquette and Protocol".Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. Retrieved 2009-03-21.14. ^The Christian Faith: Ch 63- Ordination- (2) As a Sacrament 15. ^John Wijngaards, The Tasks of Women Deacons
url=http://www.womendeacons.org/intro/deac_tas.shtmland Duane L.C.M. Galles, Women Deacons
- Are they Possible?url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/CANONLAW/WOMENDEA.htm
16. ^Matthew Smythe,Deaconesses in Late Antique Gaulurl=http://www.womendeacons.org/history/deac_smy.shtml
17. ^Thurston, Herbert (1908)."Deaconesses".The Catholic EncyclopediaIV. New York: RobertAppleton Company. Retrieved 2007-06-23.
18. ^http://www.womenpriests.org/deacons/default.aspandhttp://www.womendeacons.org/rite/hobart.shtml
19. ^Aim Georges Martimort,Deaconesses: An Historical Study(Ignatius Press, 1986,ISBN 0-89870-114-7)
20. ^R. Gryson, The Ministry of Women in the Early Church(Collegeville 1976, p. 120); C.VagagginiL'Ordinazione delle diaconesse nella tradizione greca e bizantina, (Orientalia Christiana Periodica
40 (1974) 145-189; here p. 188); P. Hnermann, Conclusions regarding the Female Diaconate
(Theological Studies36 (1975) 325-333; here pp. 327-328); A Thiermeyer, Der Diakonat der Frau
(Theologisch Quartalschrift173 (1993) 226-236; here pp. 233-234); P. Hofrichter, Diakonat und
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archdeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archdeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_deaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_deaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaconesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaconesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diakonissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diakonissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protodeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protodeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdeaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=28http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deacon&action=edit§ion=28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-1http://www.bartleby.com/61/11/D0051100.htmlhttp://www.bartleby.com/61/11/D0051100.htmlhttp://www.bartleby.com/61/11/D0051100.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Liddellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Liddellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Liddellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3D%237832http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3D%237832http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3D%237832http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-910206-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-910206-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-910206-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-41425-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-41425-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-41425-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-4http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04647c.htmhttp://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04647c.htmhttp://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04647c.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-5http://www.oca.org/OCchapter.asp?SID=2&ID=57http://www.oca.org/OCchapter.asp?SID=2&ID=57http://www.oca.org/OCchapter.asp?SID=2&ID=57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-6http://www.ewtn.com/library/CANONLAW/WOMENDEA.htmhttp://www.ewtn.com/library/CANONLAW/WOMENDEA.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-7http://www.usccb.org/deacon/faqs.shtmlhttp://www.usccb.org/deacon/faqs.shtmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Conference_of_Catholic_Bishopshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Conference_of_Catholic_Bishopshttp://nccbuscc.org/deacon/DeaconDirectory.pdfhttp://nccbuscc.org/deacon/DeaconDirectory.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-10http://www.usccb.org/liturgy/current/chapter4.shtmlhttp://www.usccb.org/liturgy/current/chapter4.shtmlhttp://www.usccb.org/liturgy/current/chapter4.shtmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-11http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19670618_sacrum-diaconatus_en.htmlhttp://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19670618_sacrum-diaconatus_en.htmlhttp://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19670618_sacrum-diaconatus_en.htmlhttp://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19670618_sacrum-diaconatus_en.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-13http://www.goarch.org/resources/etiquettehttp://www.goarch.org/resources/etiquettehttp://www.goarch.org/resources/etiquettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-14http://www.katapi.org.uk/ChristianFaith/LXIII.htm#IVhttp://www.katapi.org.uk/ChristianFaith/LXIII.htm#IVhttp://www.katapi.org.uk/ChristianFaith/LXIII.htm#IVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacon#cite_ref-15http://www.womendeacons.org/intro/deac_tas.shtmlhttp://www.womendeacons.org/intro/deac_tas.shtmlhttp://www.ewtn.com/library/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