Diabetes Patient Presentation Dr Vivek Baliga
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Transcript of Diabetes Patient Presentation Dr Vivek Baliga
The reality behind
Before going on to
let us see our body technology
DIABETES
During digestion, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose
How our body gets energy?
This Glucose converted into energy and used by the body
All our meals and snacks contain three fuels
FATPROTEINCARBOHYDRATES
Insulin
Glucose
When blood glucose levels are high, β cells of the pancreas releasesinsulin to all over the body
Glucose Insulin
Normal Blood Glucose (Sugar) Regulation
Glucose enters the blood stream causes increasing in blood glucose level
Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose get into the cells for energy
Glucose
Blood
In This Way, Glucose Provides Us With Energy
To Stay Alive
What is it? DIABETES
Diabetes is a condition where the amount of glucose in your blood is too high.
Lack of insulin in your body
or
Body cells cannot use insulin properly
Blood glucose becomes high in
DIABETES because of
What are the types of DIABETES ?
Type I Diabetes Mellitus
No insulin production from pancreas
Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Body cells does not respond to insulin properly
Contrasting Features Of Type I And Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Feature Type I Type IIFrequency 10-20% 80-90%
Age of onset Early Late
Weight Normal Obese/non obese
Family history Less than 20 % About 60%
Blood insulin level Absent insulin Normal or decreased insulin
Clinical management
Insulin and diet Diet, exercise, oral drugs and insulin
What Is Prediabetes?Blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes
Good news!
If you have pre-diabetes, you can reduce your risk of getting diabetes
Modest weight loss and moderate physical activity, you can delay or prevent type II diabetes and even return to normal glucose levels
What are the signs and symptoms of DIABETES ?
SIGNS AND
SYMPTOMS
Frequent urination
Excessive thirst
Always tired
Increased fatigue
Un-explained weight loss
Extreme hunger
What are the blood sugar numbers you should know in diabetes?
Oral glucose tolerance test numbers (OGTT)
mgdl
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Indicators Of Person With Diabetes
• Symptoms of diabetes plus random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl
• Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl• 2 hour post 75g glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl
ICMR Guideline for management of type 2 diabetes -2005
What are the risk factors of DIABETES ?
High BP or high cholesterol
Over weight
Lack of physical activity
Smoking
Family history
Age factor
Gestational diabetes
But, we can prevent diabetes with diabetes prevention keys
Are you aware of shocking survey on
DIABETES?
USA17.7 India
31.7
China20.8 Japan
6.8
Indonesia8.4
DIABETES Around The World – 2000
(millions)
USA30.3 India
79.4
China42.3 Japan
8.9
Indonesia21.3
DIABETES Around The World – 2030
(millions)
DIABETES in India
India is a number ranking in world prevalence of diabetes
Mohan v., Indian J Med Res 2007;125:217-230
The reasons are …
1
Industrialization leads to lifestyle related diseases
Turn from traditional lifestyle to modern lifestyle
Stress
Deadline PressureAt Work Place
I say, finish your work…
Irregular Meals Especially Breakfast
Lack Of Physical Activity Or Physical Exercise
Lack Of Awareness
Diabetes Prevention Keys
Proper Diet And Exercise Are Key To
DIABETES Prevention
ICMR Guideline for management of type 2 diabetes -2005
Diet For DIABETES Prevention
Carbohydrate foods:Cereals, mixed coarse grains, whole pulse, salads and soya-beans
Protein foods:Low fat milk, milk products and fish
Fat foods: Saturated fat including ghee and butter (Cholesterol intake should not exceed 300 mg/day)
Fibers:Traditional Indian diet is rich in fibers (rage, jowhar, barley, oats etc)
Common salt:Up to 6 g/day is permitted
Alcohol intake is best avoided and if used, must be in moderation
Balance Your Diet With Right Food
Avoid Junk Food, Take Fresh Fruits
Brisk walk for 30 - 60 minutes or its equivalent physical activity
ICMR Guideline for management of type 2 diabetes -2005
Meditation Practice And Stress Management
Practice Of Yoga
Exercises For DIABETES
What Happens If DIABETESNot Treated ?
Kidney damage (Nephropathy)
Blood vessels damage
Nerve damage(Neuropathy)
Eye problem (Retinopathy) Heart problem
(Myopathy)
Risk Assessment In DIABETES
Age 45 years
BMI more than 25 kg/m2
High waist circumference
Family history of diabetes
Habitual physical inactivity
History of gestational diabetes mellitus
Hypertension ( 140/90 mmHg)
History of vascular disease
Test blood sugar levels
Test your blood pressure level
Test your blood cholesterol level
Checklist for prevention of DIABETES complications
• Reinforce of life style measures:Increase physical activity levels and improve diet
• Examine feet for sensations and circulation; Also for calluses, dryness, sores, infections, injuries
Checklist for prevention of DIABETES complications (Cont…)
Ultimate outcome is one
If you are not diabetic – Prevent it with healthy life
If you are diabetic – fight it with healthy life
All is well
And the meaning of HEALTHY LIFE is ………
Always happy
Maintain body weight
Healthy eating habits
Exercise regularly
Meaning of healthy life
Peaceful and lovable life
How many of you living a healthy life? Test yourself,
All is well ….
Thank youAll is well ….
All is well ….