Diabetes Info Fast and Furious Facts … 23 million have diabetes in the US 5-10%Type 1 1 in every...
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Transcript of Diabetes Info Fast and Furious Facts … 23 million have diabetes in the US 5-10%Type 1 1 in every...
Diabetes Info Fast and Furious Facts …
23 million have diabetes in the US 5-10%Type 1 1 in every 400 kids have Type I diabetes Type II diabetes is significantly rising in
children
CMS has about 400 children with Type1 (unknown how many with Type11)
Diabetes is the 5th leading cause of death
Three types of diabetes 1. Type I (Insulin Dependent)2. Type II (Diet Controlled)3. Gestational (Pregnancy Onset)
What Is Diabetes?
A disorder of the pancreas -The pancreas stops making insulin, an essential hormone in the body.
Insulin is the key that allows glucose to enter the cells.
Glucose is used by every cell in the body for energy
Diabetes occurs when either:
The body produces no
keys (no insulin production)
( Type 1 Diabetes)
Or, the body produces defective keys that will not
open, the cell door locks.
(Type 2 Diabetes-Insulin Resistance)
NOT contagiousNOT caused by
eating too much sugar
Is caused by the body’s inability to make insulin
Results in high blood sugar levels
Can be treated only with a combination of insulin, diet and exercise
Type 1 Diabetes
Auto-immune component Cannot be prevented Defect in carbohydrate metabolism
Pancreas unable to make insulin Need insulin injections
Type 2 Diabetes
Accounts for more than 90% of the diabetes population in the world!
Cells become resistant to insulin Usually because of insulin deficiency Can usually control with diet &
exercise 80% of Type 2 cases are preventable
Blood Sugar Monitoring Tips for assisting a child with
blood sugar monitoring: Make sure the hands are warm,
clean & dry Wear gloves (Universal
Precautions) Set up meter with the test strip
(most meters turn on when you place the strip in)
Make sure the meter is coded for the test strip used
Treatment Options: Type 1Currently most students are
taking insulin by: syringe insulin
pen device INSULIN PUMP
Insulin pump is a machine that uses a small catheter under the skin to deliver insulin. (The pump is about the size of a pager)
Carbohydrate Counting
Carbohydrate is found in the food we eat. When digested, carbohydrates
breakdown into sugar. Examples of carbohydrate include
breads, rice, cereal, potatoes, cake, fruit and many others!
Hyperglycemia
May occur if student:Is becoming ill (even a cold)Eats too muchMisses insulin dose
Or not enough insulin on boardIs under a lot of stress
(exams, emotional, etc)Certain medicationsCan result in ketoacidosis
HIGH
(High Blood Sugar Is NOT A Medical Emergency)
Treatment of Hyperglycemia
Test blood sugar Check Health
Care Plan. Notify parents if
over 250mg/dL Drink water Insulin
HIGH
Hypoglycemia
Most likely to occur:When meals or snacks are missed
or delayedAn insulin dose that is too highExtra exercise or activityWhen strenuous activity occurs
just before lunchDuring a lengthy field trip or field
day activity. (Remember to have a snack when going out for fire drills)
LOW
(Low Blood Sugar)
SYMPTOMS OF LOW BLOOD SUGAR
Weakness or tiredness
Shaking
Headache
Anxious, Pale
Personality Changes
LOW
Treatment of Hypoglycemia
1. Conscious and able to swallow:
Glucose tablets--start with 2-4 4 oz. Juice (apple or OJ) Wheat Crackers & cheese or Ritz Crackers (with
Cheese) Milk Regular soda (not diet) is an option though just like
a candy bar it will spike up the BS quickly, but not last
Symptoms should improve within 10-15 minutes. If not, repeat.
If longer than 1 hour until next meal or snack, give small snack containing protein (cheese crackers or milk)
IF NO METER IS AVAILABLE & THE STUDENT FEELS SICK, GO AHEAD & TREAT AS IF STUDENT IS LOW
LOW
Treatment of Hypoglycemia
2. Conscious, but uncooperative, or disoriented
Give glucose gel, tube of clear frosting or packet of honey
Lay student on side and squeeze into pocket of the cheek (just like Skol !)
LOW
Treatment of Hypoglycemia
3. Unconscious or having a seizure
Not enough sugar is getting to brain!
Call 911 immediately Give Glucagon if ordered Give nothing by mouth Notify parents
LOW
Hints for Success
Develop good relationship with parents/guardians; they know your student’s health concerns well.
Follow accommodations as listed in the health care plan &/or 504/IEP.
Notify family early of field trip plans. Notify family of special events that may
involve classroom treats or changes in the school lunch schedule.
Don’t hesitate to ask questions about care.
...Please Remember
Never allow student to walk alone when feeling low (to go check blood sugar) Allow free bathroom privileges Allow water bottle or access to fluids Allow snacks when feeling low &/or
certain snack break Encourage BS testing prior to big
exams (EOGs) or allow to re-test if it is felt BS affected the results
