• What is Diabetes? What are the statistics?

• What are the different types of Diabetes?

• What causes Diabetes?

• What are the symptoms?

• How does it transmit?

• How do I get tested for Diabetes?

• How can I prevent or control diabetes?

• What parts of the body does diabetes affect?

• Work cited

• how to test for Diabetes?

Things to consider…

What is Diabetes?

• Metabolic disorder of multiple etiology ( causes) characterized by hyperglycemia (an excess of glucose in the bloodstream) with carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolic alterations that result in defects in the secretion of insulin.

Definition

• Diabetes is classed as a metabolism disorder. metabolism refers to the way our bodies use digested food for energy and growth. most of what we eat is broken down into glucose. glucose is a form of sugar in the blood-it is the principal source of fuel for our bodies

• Diabetes affects 25.8million children and adults in many places such as united states.

• Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to lower the level of sugar in the blood.

What is it?

Glucose is needed for the body to be able to use energy, it comes from the carbohydrates in the foods we eat and is then converted into ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate) by the mitochondrion in the cell.

• Glucose is transported to cells throughout the body by blood cell.

• As a result, our body's cells are starving for energy and over time, high blood glucose levels change our overall health damaging the kidney, heart, eyes and nerves.

How does it happen?

Causes of Diabetes

A bad diet and obesity are major factors for developing diabetes but eating too much sugar does not develop diabetes.

Emotional stress also leads to diabetes.

• There are four major types of diabetes

• Diabetes Mellitus type 1

• Diabetes Mellitus type 2

• Gestational Diabetes

• Pre-diabetes

Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes, once know as juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent .

• Frequently called the “insulin-needed” group.

• Is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin at all, Which is a hormone needed to convert sugar into energy.

• Although type 1 diabetes can develop at any age , it typically appears during childhood.

• About 5-10% of people have type one diabetes.

• Affected by hereditary.

Type one

• Increased thirst and frequent urination. As excess sugar builds up in your bloodstream, fluid is pulled from your tissues. This may leave you thirsty, As a result , you may drink and urinate more than usual.

• Extreme hunger. Without enough insulin to more sugar into your cell, your muscles and organs become depleted of energy, this triggers intense hunger that may persist even after you eat. Without insulin, the sugar in your food never reaches your energy starved tissues.

• Weight loss

Symptoms of type one

• Type 2 diabetes is a similar although much more common.

• Usually occurs in adulthood but diagnosis is increasing in the younger generation.

• Affects many children.

• You don’t produce enough insulin, or your insulin is not working properly.

• Rates rising due to increased obesity and failure to exercise and eat healthy.

• Has a high level of sugars build up onto your blood, it becomes resistant to the effects of insulin or the body produced some, but not enough, insulin to maintain.

Type two

• Blood sugar levels are high during pregnancy in women.

• Women who give birth to children over 9 lbs.

• High risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular (of or relating to the heart and blood vessels.) disease.

Gestational Diabetes

• At least 79 million people are diagnosed with pre-diabetes each year.

• Above average blood glucose levels not high enough to be classified.

• Long –term damages to body, including heart and circulatory system.

• Starts with unhealthy eating habits and inadequate exercise .

Pre-diabetes

• Weigh loss.

• High blood levels of glucose

• Fatigue

• Vomiting

• Sores that do not heal

• Diabetes type 1 and type 2 symptoms are closely similar, although type 1 is often worse in severity

• Tingling or numbness in your hands, legs or feet

Overall Symptoms

• Genetically

There is some genetic factor.:

A first degree relative (sister, brother, son, daughter) of someone with type 1 diabetes has about a 6 in 100 chance of developing diabetes.

This is higher than the chance of the general population which is abut 1 in 250.

This is probably because certain people are more prone to develop auto-immune disease such as diabetes, and this is due to their genetic make up which is inherited.

Only about 10% to 15% of people with diabetes have family history.

How does Diabetes Transmit

Diabetes Management

• Every diabetic person has a

Diabetic testing machineThey have to measure the glucose in their blood everyday.

• All types of diabetes are treatable, but type 1 and type 2 diabetes last a lifetime, there is no known cure.

• The treatment for a patient with type 1 is mainly injected insulin. Patients with type are usually treated with tablets and exercise.

Treatment

• Prevention all starts with a better lifestyle

• Eating healthier

• Being active

• Taking medicine as directed

• Taking care of your body

• Check feet to make sure there is not verve damage or interruption of blood flow.

• Take care of teeth

• No smoking

• Check in with your doctor at least once a month

How does diabetes affect the body?

• Heart

• kidneys ( direct result large amounts of protein being deposited into the urine

• Eye

• nervou systém

• Skin

• Diabetes lowers our good cholesterol and raises our bad cholesterol leading to an increase of heart disease and stroke this can cause the arteries to become clogged with fat

• 65% of people with diabetes die from heart disease or stroke.

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