DHO Unit 6:8 Anatomy and Physiology Circulatory System.

DHO Unit 6:8 Anatomy and Physiology

Circulatory System

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6:8 Circulatory SystemAKA the cardiovascular system

Consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood

Transports oxygen and nutrients to body cells

Transports carbon dioxide and metabolic materials away from the body cells


Heart

Muscular, hollow organ functions as pump Size of a closed fist Location

– Slightly to the left of the sternum– Between the 4th and 5th intercostal

Heart Exterior and Interior


Anatomy Heart chambers

– Right Atrium– Right Ventricle– Left Atrium– Left Ventricle

Septum Valves

– Tricuspid– Pulmonary– Mitral– Aortic


Layers of the Heart

Endocardium Innermost Layer

Myocardium Thickest Layer

Pericardium Membrane that covers the heart



Blood Vessels

Blood carried throughout body in blood vessels

– Arteries

– Capillaries

– Veins

Blood Vessel Disection


Blood Flow Through the Body(Systemic Circulation)


Blood Flow

Normal Blood Flow Through the Heart

Double Click this link to go to the National Institute of Health’s page to see how normal blood flow looks and sounds ….

Be patient! Give it a second to load.


http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hhw/contraction.html

Taking Your Pulse When your heart pumps blood through your arteries, it creates a pulse that you can

feel on the arteries close to the skin's surface. For example, you can feel the pulse on the artery inside of your wrist, below your thumb.

You can count how many times your heart beats by taking your pulse. You will need a watch with a second hand (or look at the clocks above each door!).

To find your pulse, gently place your index and middle fingers on the artery located on the inner wrist of either arm, below your thumb. You should feel a pulsing or tapping against your fingers.

Watch the second hand and count the number of pulses you feel in 30 seconds. Double that number to find out your heart rate or pulse for 1 minute.

The usual resting pulse for an adult is 60 to 100 beats per minute. To find your resting pulse, count your pulse after you have been sitting or resting quietly for at least 10 minutes.



Blood

Average adult: 4-6 quarts Blood circulates continuously throughout the

body Transports many substances Plasma Blood cells

– Erythrocytes or red blood cells– Leukocytes or white blood cells– Thrombocytes


Diseases and Abnormal ConditionsArteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis


More Diseases and Abnormal Conditions

Anemia Aneurysm Arrhythmias Congestive heart failure (CHF) Embolus Hemophilia Hypertension Leukemia Myocardial infarction – heart attack Phlebitis Varicose veins

6:9 Lymphatic System

Removes waste and excess fluid from the tissues

– Lymph

– Lymphatic vessels

– Lymph nodes

– Lymphatic ducts

– Lymph tissue

– Spleen

– Thymus

The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph (from

Latin lympha meaning water) directionally towards the heart.


Lymphatic and Venous Systems Working Together



Diseases and AbnormalConditions

Adenitis Hodgkin’s disease Lymphangitis Splenomegaly Tonsillitis

DHO Unit 6:8 Anatomy and Physiology Circulatory System.

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