Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-11
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Transcript of Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-11
Comforting wisdom for life
owd0D&d,&Sdaom Edk;Mum;oltm; ab;r&Sd
To the vigilant there is no fear
pmrsufESm 25 odkY
à tcd kuftwef Yüwnfaom? p dwf& S daom? olawmfaumif; w&m; ud k rod jri faom?
azmufjyefysufpD;vG,f aom? o'¨gw&m;&Sdxaom? yk*¾dKvf tm; avmuDavmukwå&mÓPfynmonf
rjynhf/ (38)
à udavomrdk; rpdkaom pdwf&Sdxaom? rzsufqD;tyfaom pdwf&Sd xaom? ukodkvftukokdvfudk
y,fNyD;xaom Edk;Mum;oltm; ab;onf r&Sd/ (39)
à He whose mind is not steadfast, he who knows not the true doctrine, he whose confi-dence wavers the wisdom of such a one will never be perfect.
(38)à He whose mind is not soaked (by lust), he who is not affected (by hatred), he who hastranscended both good and evil- for such a vigilant one there is no fear. (39)
38/ te0|dw pdwåó? o'¨r®H t0dZmeawm
y&dv’0yom'ó? ynme y&dyl&wd
39/ te0ókw pdwåó? teEGm[wapwaom
yknygy y[Deó? ew¬dZm*&awm b,H/
Nidrf;csrf;OD; jyKpkwifjyonf/
Anavatthita cittassa, Saddhammam. avija-nato
Pariplava pasa-dassa, pañña na puripu-riati.(38)
Anavassuta cittassa, ananvahata cetaso,Pañña pa-pa pahinassa,natthi jagarato bhayam
.(39)
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azmufjyeftaMumif;cH ur®oum}
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olvkyfwJhoabmyJjzpfw,f/
aowJhtcgusawmh t0Dpdi&J usoGm;w,f/ olYudktm;ay;tm;
ajr§mufjyKNyD;awmh oleJYtvdkwltvdkygjzpfwJh r,fawmf bdu©KeDwdkY? ESrawmf
bdu©KeDwdkYvnf;yJ wcgwnf; t0Dpdi&JygoGm;Muw,f/ olwkdYvnf; tJ'Dxd
atmifvkdufNyD;awmh tm;ay;Muw,fayhgaemf/ tJ'g owdxm;/
bkef;BuD;wpfyg;udk MunfndKvdkY&Sd&ifvnf; t0Dpdxdatmifvkduf
NyD;awmhvnf; tm;ray;MuaveJYOD;? jzpfwwfw,f/ owdxm;&rSmu
q&mu rD;yHkxJqif;wdkif; wynhfuvkdufNyD;awmh qif;oihfovm;? rqif;
oifhbl;vm;¿ q&mu ql;udkeif;wkdif; wynhfuvkdufNyD;awmh ql;udk eif;&
rvm;? reif;&bl;/ 'grsdK;u rvkyf&bl;/
om*wrax&fBuD;uawmh &[EÅmjzpfNyD;awmh "r®oHa0*&um
y&dedAÁmefpHoGm;NyD/ nDvkyfwJhyk*¾dKvfu omoemawmfudk zsufvdkzsufqD;
vkyfoGm;wmudk tareJYESru tm;ay;tm;ajr§mufvkyfwmaMumifh aooGm;
pmrsufESm 12 odkY
wJhtcg tukefvHk; t0Dpdi&Ja&mufoGm;Muw,f/ olwdkYvkyfwJhtukodkvf
uHaMumifh olwdkY t0Dpda&mufoGm;wm/
uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;vufxufu a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m; ryGihfrD
pyfMum;qdkawmh ajrBuD;[m tay:udk wpf,lZemjrihfwwfvmonftxd
t0Dpdi&JrSm olwdkY&Sdw,f/
a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m; yGihfawmfrlvmwJhtcg uydv[m t0Dpd
i&Juae vGwfvmNyD; **FgjrpfxJrSm ig;BuD;wpfaumifvmjzpfw,f/ tJ'D
ig;BuD;&JUta&mifu a&Ta&mifawmufaew,f/ a&Tig;BuD;vmjzpfw,fayhg/
odkYaomf tjyifuMunhfvkdufr,fqkd&ifawmh tvGefvSwJhig;BuD;jzpfw,f/
tJ'Dig;BuD;yifv,fxJ usufpm;aewJhtcsdefrSm Zmwfvrf;av;wpfck ajym
p&musefao;w,f/ tJ'Dig;BuD;udkzrf;r,hf wHigawGtaMumif;udk ajym&OD;
r,f/
uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;&JUaemufydkif;omoemrSmyJ olrsm;tdrfudk
cdk;qdk;wdkufcdkuf vk,ufNyD;awmh "g;jywkdufMuwJhtzGJUayhg/ vlig;&m&Sdw,f/
wpfaeYusawmh &Gmwpf&Gm0ifwkduf&muae &Gmvlxku nDnDñGwfñGwfeJY
tJ'D"g;jyawGudkvkdufzrf;vdkY awmxJudk xGufajy;Muw,f/ xGufajy;ayr,fh
vdkY rvGwfMubl;/ vkdufvmwJhvltkyfu awmBuD;wpfckvHk;0dkif;xm;NyD;awmh
"g;jyawGawG[m xGufajy;aygufr&Sdawmhbl;/ awm&ausmif;wpfausmif;
rSm aexdkifwJh&[ef;wpfyg;qDudk tm;udk;wBuD;eJY ]]t&Sifbk&m; wynhfawmf
wkdYudk u,fygOD;}} ayhg/ 'ku©a&mufvdkY&Sd&ifawmh ]]u,fygOD;}} wJhaemf/ olwdkYudk
tJ'D&[ef;u bmajymwkef;qdkawmh ]]at;- rif;wdkYrSm tm;udk;p&mqdkvdkY
bmrSr&Sdawmhbl/ 'gayr,hf bmrStm;ri,fMuygeJY/ rif;wdkY bk&m;? w&m;?
oHCm &wem (3) yg;eJY udk,fusihfw&m;udkom tm;udk;yg/ usefwmawG
tm;udk;raeeJY/ uJ- tm;vHk; vkdufqdkMu}} qdkNyD;awmh o&P*Hk (3) yg;ESihf
wuG ig;yg;oDvudk csay;w,f/ rif;wdkY a[m'Dig;yg;oDvudk toufao
cHNyD; apmifhxdef;MuvdkY qHk;rMo0g'ay;vkdufw,f/ olwdkYrSm a&G;p&mvrf;
r&Sdawmhbl;/ vlawGu0dkif;NyD;awmh olwdkYudk tukefvHk;owfypfvkdufMu
w,f/ o&P*Hk (3) yg;ESihfwuG ig;yg;oDvudkcH,laqmufwnfxm;onhf
twGufaMumifh olwdkYig;yg;oDvudk razmufzsufbJeJY touftaocHvkduf
Muw,f/ aoNyD;awmh tukefvHk; ewfjynfa&mufMuw,f/
o&P*Hkqdkwm wu,ftm;udk;&w,f/ 'gaMumihfrdkY jrwfpGm
bk&m;&Sifu a[mxm;wm/ ]]a, aupd Ak'¨Ho&PH uwmao? e
aw *rdóEÅd tyg,blrd H}} bk&m;udk;uG,fwJhol i&Jrusbl;wJh/ w&m;
udk udk;uG,fwJhol i&Jrusbl;wJh/ oHCmudk udk;uG,fwJhyk*¾dKvf i&Jrusbl;wJh/
udk;uG,fw,fqdkwm rSefuefwJhtaeeJY udk;uG,fzdkYvdkw,f/ at;- olwdkYrSm
5
"r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/
Ak'¨*Dwdum
(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&
DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
b0vrf;ñTef 38- jzm r*Fvmrdwfquf
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av;tdrfpk t&Sif0dpdwåom&
om&dykwåaw¦& 0w¦K
Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0w¦djynf
aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg
0gqkdouFef;wdkYukd a0zeftyfonfwGif &Sifom&d
ykwå&monf ihg&SifwkdY &[ef;i,fwdkYtm;vnf;
0gqkd ouFef;ukd a0zefMuav[k rdefYawmfrl\/
þpum;aMumihf &Sifom&dykwå&mtm; ]]a*[
ódwayr}} wPSmonf &Sdao;a,mifwum;[k
awG;awmMuí bk&m;txH avQmufonfwGif
]]tmom ,ó e 0dZÆEÅd}} paom *gxmukd a[m
awmfrl\/
tmom ,ó e 0dZÆEÅd?
tod® Havmau y&rSd p/
ed&momoH 0doH,kwåH?
wr[H jALrd jAm[®PH/
jrefrmuAsm
,ckb0 aemufb0rSm?
vdkcsifirf;irf; pGJvrf;uif;uGm?
udavomuif; oefY&Sif;olom?
igZde rdefY[ jAm[®P/
He who has no desires, whetherof this world or of the next, who isdesireless and emancipated, him I call abrahmana.pum;ajy/ / tMuifyk*¾Kdvftm; ,ck
b0 aemufb0ü vdkcsifirf;irf; pGJvrf;wwfpGm
udavomr&Sd/ umr*kPfb0 awmifhwuif;uGm
udavomr&Sdaomolukd jAm[®P [k igbk&m;
a[mMum;awmfrl\/
av;tdrfpk t&Sif0dpdwåom&
(25) Kataññuta-
Acknowledge other'sdebt of gratitude
BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdkolwdkif;rSm&Sd&rnhf (25)
ckajrmuf t&nftcsif;
(25)uwnKwm= ol Yaus;Zl;ud kod
wwfjcif;
olYaus;Zl;udkodjcif;? ay;qyfEdkifjcif;
onfvnf; BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdkolwdkif;rSm
&S dxm;& rnhf t&nftcsif;aumif;wpfck
(=r*Fvmwpfyg;) jzpf\/
r dbrsm;onf om;orD ;wd k Y\
aus;Zl;&Sifjzpf\/ q&m? q&mrrsm;onf
wynhfrsm;\ aus;Zl;&Sifjzpf\/ rdrd\ynm
a&;? pD;yGm;a&;? ukod kvfa&;ponfwd k Yü
tultnDay;zl;olrsm; onf rdrd\aus;Zl;&Sif
yifjzpf\/ xdkaus;Zl;&SifwdkY \ rdrdtay:jyKzl;
onhf*kPfaus;Zl;udk ray;qyfEdkifonhfwkdif
xdkyk*¾dKvfwdkY\ aus;Zl;rsm; rdrdrSm&SdaMumif;
odol? aus;Zl;&SdaMumif; tjcm;olrsm;tm;
ajymjyEdkifolonf olawmfaumif;jzpf\/
rdbq&morm;? ulnDz l ;ol ?
u,fq,fzl;olwd k Y\aus;Zl;ud k rodjcif;?
aus;Zl;&S daMumif; rajymqdkEd kif jcif;onf
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aus;Zl;uef;oltm; rnfolurQ
rcspf cif rESpfoufay/ ]]wpfcgqufqH
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aemufxyf tultnDay;&ef aemufwGefY
oGm;wwfonf/ a&Smif&Sm; oGm;wwfonf/
tjcm;olrsm;uvnf; ]]xdkolonf aus;Zl;
uef;wwfoljzpfaMumif;}} xyfqihf ajymMum;
wwfonf/ od k Y jzpfí aus;Zl;uef;ol onf
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qif;&J&av\/
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wynhfaumif;? olawmfaumif;jzpfvd kygvQif
rdrd\aus;Zl;&Sifrdb? q&morm;? ulnDzl;ol
tm;vHk;wdkY\aus;Zl;udk od&Sdem;vnfNyD; tjcm;ol
rsm;udkvnf; rdbponfwdkYu rdrdtay: aus;Zl;
&SdaMumif;ajymjyum? jzpfEkdifvQif rdrdwwfEdkif onhf
bufrS aus;Zl;jyefqyfygav/
udk,füjyKzl;? olYaus;Zl;? &nfpl;qifjcifum/
&SmazGawGUvQif? aus;Zl;wif? toihfqyfzdkY&m/
wif&Sdaeao;? aus;Zl;a<u;? qyfa&;vG,fulpGm/
vl\usihf0wf? oifuif;vGwf? aus;pGyfjyKrnfom/
udk,hfaus;Zl;&Sif? aus;pGyfvQif? toifvl,kwfrm/
-r*FvmhtjrLaw/
uav;wdkYa&...
uav;wdkY tckvdk vlvm;ajrmufvm
wm? ynmwwfvmwm[m rdb? q&morm;?
vlBuD;olrawG&JU aus;Zl;aMumifhuG,fh/ tJ'Daus;Zl;
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t&dyfaeae tcufcs d K;cs d K; rvkyf&bl;uG,f h/
wu,fvdkY aus;Zl;uef;cJh&if? olwdkY&JU apwem?
arwåmud k apm fum;r dc J h&i f tJ' DolawG[m
wpfoufvHk; vlarG;vlawmif rajymifawmhbl;/
vlpOfrrDawmhbl;/ tcuftcJtrsdK;rsdK; awGU&
wwfw,fuG,fh/
uav;wdkYa&- bk&m;avmif;[m b0
wpfckrSm &Sifbk&ifjzpfwJhtcg ppf½IH;vdkY qif;&J
' ku©a&mufaewke f ; ol Yud k aus;awmom;
wpfa,mufu jyKp kapmif ha&Smufxm;owJ h/
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wJhtcg aus;awmom;ukd wkdif;jynfwpf0ufay;
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uG,hf/
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tusdK;rcHpm;&bl;qdk&if igb,folYudk aus;Zl;
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i,folqdk&if awmif;yefvkdufyguG,f/
'gaMumifh uav;wdkYvnf; udk,hftay:
ulnDzl;oludk aus;Zl;&SdrSef;odNyD;? wwfEdkifwJhtcg
aus;Zl;jyefqyfMu&r,faemf/
(25)
r*Fvm r*Fvm?
38 jzm r*Fvm/
25- rSm a[mñTefMum;?
uwnKwm r*Fvmw&m;/
olYaus;Zl;rsm; txl;odum?
odonhftwkdif; ay;qyfyg/
[dk;a&S;tcg tavmif;awmfrsm;?
aus;Zl;qyfrI tav;xm;?
csrf;omvdkvm; nDav;i,f?
olYaus;Zl;udk odyguG,f/
odNyD;um&,f ay;qyfrS?
avmu0wå&m; ausr,fy/
6"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
tvSL'gejyKMu&m0,f (23)
rkH&GmaeZm
,ciftywfrStquf
(q)
'ge? oDv? oH,r? 'r qkdwJh a&Ttkd;
jr§KyfESHykHav;rsKd;teuf oDveJYywfoufvkdY ig;yg;
oDvukd tajccHxm;NyD; a&;om;cJhygw,f/ vkH;0
tjynhftpkHr[kwfwJhwkdif ig;yg;oDveJY ywfouf
NyD; odoihfzG,f&mwpfcsKdUukd wdkYxda&;om; wifjy
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]tvSL'gejyKMu&m0,f} tcef;quf
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&mrSm ukd,fusihfoDvyg jynhfpkHNyD; vSL'gef;jcif;
[m tusKd;rsm;vkdYygyJ/
]oDav ywd|m, 'dEé'geH r[yævH}
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vSL'gef;wJhtvSL'ge[m tvGefw&m tusKd;rsm;
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r[medoHoH}}
oDv odrf;qnf;NyD; (0g) oDvaqmuf
wnfNyD; vSLwJhtvSL'ge[m BuD;jrwfwJhtusKd;
w&m;&Sdw,f/ BuD;us,fwJhtmedoif&Sdw,f vdkY
p&d,myd#u t|uxmrSm jyqkdxm;ayw,f/
'gaMumifh oDvukdyg xnhfNyD;ajym&
wmyg/
NyD;awmh tvSL'ge&JU tusKd;w&m;awG
ukd jyKvkyfykHeJYwuG us,fus,fjyefYjyefY jynhfjynhf
pkHpkH a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ed"du@okwfrSm
vnf; oDvukd xnhfjyxm;awmfrlygw,f/ oDv
tjyif ]oH,r} qkdwJh orm"d? ]'r} qkdwJh ynm
ukdyg a[mqkdxm;awmfrlygw,f/ tJ'D oH,reJY
'rukdvnf; qufvufwifjyOD;rSmyg/
(Z)
oDv0EÅqkdwJh oDv&Sdaomyk*¾Kdvfjzpf
zkdYtwGuf vlyk*¾KdvfawGtaeeJY tajccHtm;jzihf
jynhfpkHxm;&r,hf ukd,fusihfoDvuawmh yÍöoDv
qkdwJh ig;yg;oDvudk cg;0wfykqkd;vkd (cg;0wf
xbDvdk) NrJ&r,fvdkY a&S;ynm&Sif jrefrmBuD;awG
u ajymqkdavh&S dcJ h Muygw,f/ ,aeYumv
rsufarSmufacwfvlom;awGrSmawmh ukd,fusihf
ig;yg;oDv tb,frQ jynhfpkHrI&Sd r&Sd? apmihfxdef;
olrsm; rrsm;udkawmh pmzwfolrsm;ukd,fwkdif
pOf;pm;MunhfMuzdkYyg/
ig;yg;oDv[m tajccHus½kHrQru
t&mus,fygw,f/ emrnfq,frsKd;&SdwJh 0dao
o oDvyg/
ig;yg;oDv\0daootrnf(10)rsK d;
(1) "r®wm"r®oDv = "r ®obm0 "r ®wm
twkdif; apmihfxdef;&r,hfoDv/
(2) *½k"r® oDv = tav;teufxm;NyD; apmihf
xdef;&r,hf oDv/
(3) "r®owf oDv = w&m;tqkH;tjzwfyrm
xm;&Sd&r,hfoDv/
(4) puú0wåd oDv = pMumrif;wdkY apmihfxdef;
tyfwJhoDv/
(5) uk½k"r® oDv = uk½kwkdif;om;wdkif; apmihf
xdef;cJhwJh oDv/
(6) *[|oDv = vl0wfaMumifrsm;? vlom;rsm;
apmifhxdef;&r,fh oDv/
(7) edpö oDv = tNrJrjywf apmifhxdef;tyfwJh
oDv/
(9) 0g&dwå oDv = a&SmifMuOf&r,hf oDv/
(10) t&d,uEÅ oDv = t&d,myk*¾Kdvfrsm;
ESpfoufjrwfEkd;tyfwJhoDvwdkY jzpfayw,f/
(aqmifyk'fvuFm)
"r®wm"rf? *½k"rfESih f? "r®owf
csufrsm;? pMumpkd;jyK? uk½k"r®? *[|ESihf?
ig;0 yÍöoD? * kPf&nfe dp ö ? 0g& dwåE Si h f ?
t&d,uef? ig;wefr,kwf? odu©myk' f ?
orkwf þ q,frnf/
(p s)
oDveJYywfoufNyD; Ak'¨ omoemh
0efxrf;? &Sif&[ef;awmfwdkYtwGufum; Ak'bk&m;?
ñTefMum;ynwfawmfrlxm;wJh 0denf;odu©myk'f
227 yg;? &SdNyD;om;jzpfw,f/ tus,fyGm;u uka#
ukd;axmifausmf (9180536 axmif) &Sdav
w,f/ tJ'D rsm;jym;vSwJh oDv? odu©mawG ukd
tusOf;csKyf&ifawmh oDv(4)rsKd;om jzpfyg w,f/
&[ef;oHCmrsm; usihfokH;&r,hf oDv (4)
rsK d;/
(1) ygwdarmu©oH0& oDv = 0denf;? odu©myk'f
rsm;ukd apmihfxdef;jcif;/
(2) £NEd,oH0& oDv = rsufpd? em;? ESmacgif;?
vQm? ukd,f? pdwf paom £a`Ersm;ukd apmihfpnf;
jcif;/
(3) ypö, oEédód oDv = qGrf;? ouFef;?
ausmif;? aq; ypönf;av;yg;wdkYü apmihfxdef;
&r,hfoDv/
(4) tmZD0 yg&dok'´d oDv = toufarG;rI
pifMu,fatmif apmihfxdef;&r,hfoDvwdkY jzpfay
w,f/ &[ef;? &Sif? vl rnfoljzpfap tEk*grdu
jr§KyfESH&r,hf av;XmerSm oDvu 'kwd,ae&mrSm
&Sdaeygw,f/ b,folyJjzpfjzpf? bmyJjzpfjzpf
oDv0EÅ- oDv&S dol ? uk d,fusi h f oDveJ Y
jynh fp k Ho l jzp f&e f apmi h fx de f ;& Mu&r,h f
oDvawGudk apmihfxdef;EkdifMuzdkYyJ jzpfygw,f/
oDveJYywfoufvkdY awmfMupdkY/
(n)
4/oH,r]oH,r} qkdwm apmihfpnf;
jcif;? bmudk apmihfpnf;&rSmvJ/
pdwfrSm t&dyfxifvmwwfwJh tuk
odkvf ed0&P w&m;awG r0ifa&mufatmif
pdwfrSm temw&jzpfatmif ES dyfpufwmukd
rcH&atmif umuG,fwm;qD; apmihfpnf;Mu&
rSmjzpfygw,f/
apmih fpnf;wmukd oH,r? oH,r
qkdwm orm"d&JU trnfwpfrsKd;/ orm"djzpf
atmif orxusihfpOfukd a&S;OD;pGm usihfBuH
tm;xkwf&atmif rdefYawmfrlygw,f/
]orx} qkdwm bmvJ/
]eD0&Pm'Ded oarwd 0lyoarwDwd
oraxm} 0pew¦t& tukodkvf eD0&P
w&m;rsm; rydwfqdk Y raESmuf,SufEkdifatmif
Nidrf;atmifjyKvkyfjcif;ukd ]orx} vdkY rSwfom;
&ayw,f/
earmor®morÁK'¨ó rkH&GmaeZm
ñTef;- ed"du@okwf
qufvufazmfjyygrnf
7
"r®0D&onf "r®0de, tvif;a&mifxdefvif;ap&ef jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
vli,fawGudk ajymcsifwmvli,fawGudk ajymcsifwm
vli,fawGudk ajymcsifwmvli,fawGudk ajymcsifwm
vli,fawGudk ajymcsifwm
&SifÓP (zsmyHk)
vli,fawGudk ajymcsifwmu 'DaeY
vli,fawG&JUacwf[m Knowledge Age ac:wJh
ynmacwfjzpfwJhtavsmuf ynma&;ukd OD;pm;
ay; qnf;yl;Mu&r,hftcsdeftcgayhg/ ynmacwf
vli,fawG&JU ynma&;eJYywfoufNyD; BuKd;pm;
yrf;pm; oif,laeMuwm/ ynmeJY ukd,hfwdkif;jynf
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&[EÅmt&SifjrwfBuD;u wdwfqdwf
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&Sdckd;vkdufygw,f/
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[m olrvSL'gef;vkduf&wJh ukodkvfaumif;rIukd
wpfaeukef MunfEl;NyD;aeygw,f/
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csif;rwlovdk tusKd;ay;jcif;[mvnf; tjzLeJY
trnf;uJhodkY uGmjcm;awmfrlygw,f/
yef;onftrsKd;orD;av;[m aovGef
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vSL'gef;&aom tusKd;aMumihf wm0wd Homewf
jynfrSm ,lZemajcmufq,fus,fwJh AdrmefBuD;
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rsm;jzihf ae&ygw,f/
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avmufatmif BuD;rm;pGmaom tusKd;w&m;awG
&&SdcHpm;&ygw,f/
olr[m ukodkvfuH&JUt&Sdeft[kef
10
"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
aMumihf b0qufwkdif;rSm txufwef;usaom
vlcsrf;omtjzpfawGukd cHpm;cJh&NyD; oHo&m
usifvnfpOf urÇmwpfodef;twGif;rSmyif þ
&EkdifcJaom ewfrdzk&m;rBuD;tjzpf tBudrfaygif;
&Spfq,f? pMu0aw;rif;\rdzk&m;tjzpf tBudrf
aygif;ckepfq,f jzpfcJhygw,f/
olr[m pnf;pdrfcsrf;omtrsKd;rsKd;ukd
&&SdNyD; w&m;xl;&zkdYb0udkawmh a*gwrbk&m;
&Sif&JUvufxufusrS &&Sdwmyg/ olr w&m;xl;
&ykHu pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;ygw,f/
jzpfykHu 'Dvkd...
a*gwrbk&m;&Sif vufxufawmf
tcgu om0w¦dNrKdUBuD;rSm tvGefcsrf;om<u,f
0wJholawG trsm;BuD;&S dygw,f/ tJ'DxJrSm
]*[ywd r[momv} ac:wJholaX;BuD;uvnf;
om0w¦dNrKdUay:rSmawmh tvGefcsrf;om<u,f0wJh
NrK dUrsufESmzk H; olaX;pm&if;0ifwpfa,muf
jzpfygw,f/
wpfaeYusawmh tJ'DolaX;BuD;rSm
tvGefacsmarmvSywJh orD;uav;wpfOD;
arG;zGm;vmygw,f/ ½kyf&nftqif;vSyovdk
jrihfjrwfwJhtrsKd;tEG,fu qif;oufvmwmrkdY
olrukd ]]OyÜ&D}} vkdY trnfay;xm;ygw,f/
jrefrmvdkqkd&ifawmh rcifjrihf vdkYvnf; ac:vkdY
&ygw,f/
csrf;omwJhtodkif;t0kdif;rSm aygufzGm;
vmolvnf;jzpf? t&G,fa&mufvmonfESihftrQ
ewforD;wpfa,mufuJhokdY ½kyf&nftqif;vSy
awmh rcifjrihf (OyÜ&D) &JUowif;[m om0w¦dNrKdU
twGif;rSmawmh txl;ukd xif&Sm;ay:vGifaeyg
w,f/
a&S;ukodkvfuH tusKd;qufaMumihf
aum olr&JUypöKyÜeftvSowif;ukdMum;odawmh
aumov&Sifbk&ifBuD;[m OyÜ&Dudk rdzk&m;
tjzpf awmfaumufawmfrlygw,f/
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t&yfa'orSmyJaygufayguf? b,fa'orSmyJ
aeae tcsdefwefvm&ifawmh awmf0ifwJ h
wpfae&mukd a&mufoGm;wm[m obm0ygyJ/
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acgifBuD;jzpfvmwmr[kwfygbl;/ omrefrdzk&m;
wpfyg;yg/
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aumov&Sifbk&iftwGuf orD;rdef;uav;
wpfa,mufukd arG;zGm;ay;ygw,f/ aumov
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ukd rdzk&m;acgifBuD;&mxl;ukd ay;tyfvkdufyg
w,f/
OyÜ&Drdzk&m;acgifBuD;eJY aumovrif;
wdkY[m olwdkY&JUorD;awmfav;ukd touf&Snfap
vdkwJhqEaMumifh ZD0g vdkY emrnfay;xm;ygw,f/
jrefrmvdk rcifouf vkdYac:vdkY&ygw,f/
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tcspfBuD;cspfvdkY ]ZD0g} vdkY trnfay;xm;ayr,hf
uHMur®mtaMumif;rvSawmh rcifoufav;
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cspfjcif;w&m;qkdwmrsKd;[m pGJvrf;rI
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&if BuD;rm;oavmuf vlukdjyefNyD;awmh 'ku©
ay;wwfygw,f/
tckvnf; OyÜ&Drdzk&m;[m olr&JUorD;
ukd pGJvrf;wJhpdwfawGvGefuJNyD; aeYpOfaeYwkdif;
olr&JUeef;awmfaqmifrSm idka<u;ygw,f/ OyÜ&D
rdzk&m;[m olr&JUorD;av;ukd b,favmufxd
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wmawmifrS eef;wGif;rSmridkbJ tpD&0wDjrpf
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wmyg/
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acsmharmhajymqkdayr,hf &ifxJua0'emawG
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w,f/
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jzihf raecJhol wpfa,mufqkdygu ydkíyif qkd;
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ae&mrSm ]Zd0g} qkdwJhtrnfeJY oifhorD;aygif;
&Spfaomif;av;axmifwdk Yudk oN*KØ[fcJ hzl;NyD/
&Spfaomif;av;axmifaomorD;wdkYwGif b,f
orD;ukd tpGJjyKvkdY ikdwmvJ}}
jrwfpGmbk&m;&JU tar;pum;ukd Mum;
awmh OyÜ&Drdzk&m;[m oHo&m\0#fqif;&J'ku©
awGukd awG;rdoGm;um-
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aumif;vSygvm;? aMomf- aojcif;w&m;qkdwm
aMumufvefYp&maumif;ygvm;/ trnfwlwJh
orD;aygif;&Spfaomif;av;axmifqkdawmh trnf
trsKd;rsKd;eJYaowmawGvnf; renf;avmufbl;/
orD;awGom aoonfr[kwf igvnf;yJ tBudrf
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jzpfyGm;av&m udavomukefcrf;aom &[EÅm
tjzpfudk vlYb0ESihfyif tpD&0wDjrpfurf;ab;
rSm &&Sdawmfrlygw,f/
vl0wfESihf &[EÅmtjzpfukd aecGihf
r&aom OyÜ& Da'0D[m eef ;awmf jye f Ny D ;
aumovrif;BuD;ukd today;um bdu©KeDr
0wfoGm;ojzihf ]]OyÜ&Dax&Dr}} &,fvdkY jzpfoGm;
ygw,f/
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twGif;rSm vlwdkif; vlwkdif;[m rsuf&nfrdk;awG
ukd ork'´&mav;pif;ruatmif idka<u;cJhMu
&ygw,f/
aomujzpfp&m wpfcg BuK Hwk di f ;
rsuf&nfpufav;awG a<uus ajrccJhwJh tBudrf
aygif;[mvnf; renf;awmhygbl;/ a&wGufvdkYyif
Ekdifonfr[kwfawmh/
odkYaomf..
aomujzpfwkdif;om rsuf&nfwkdYjzihf
tpm;xkd;r,fqkdygu tJ'Daomu[m ajy
aysmufoGm;rSmr[kwfovkd ydkNyD;awmhyif qkd;0g;
oGm;apygw,f/
a[m'DavmuBuD;twGif;rSm b,fvdk
pmrsufESm 15 odkY
11
"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/
DHAMMA DEW
jrwfaom&wemwdkYwnf&m r[mork'´&m
The Boundless mighty Ocean[Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif
à rsm;pGmaoma&udkaqmifwwfaom? rEdIif;,SOftyfaom? jyif;xefaomtoH&Sdaom? rsm;pGmaMumufrufzG,f&m&Sdaom? jrwfaom
&wemwdkY\ wnf&mvnf;jzpfaom? ork'´&modkY vlaygif;rsm;pGmwkd Y rSD0J&mjzpfí woGifoGifpD;aeukefaom ajrmufjrm;pGmaomjrpfwdk Y
onf pD;0ifuyfa&mufukefouJhodk Y........
à To boundless mighty ocean, mighty pool, Fearsome, the resting -place of divers gems, As rivers bearing multitudes ofmen, Flow broadly down and to that ocean come.........
yXryknmbdoE´okwf
om0w¬ded'gef;
&[ef;wdkY? þav;rsdK;ukefaom aumif;rItxk ukodkvft,OfwdkY
onf csrf;omudk aqmifwwfukefonf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hkudk
ay;wwfukefonf? csrf;omusdK;&Sdukefonf? ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfukefonf
jzpfí tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfoufzG,ftvkdYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;
tyGm;tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSm jzpfukef\/
tb,fav;rsdK;wdk Yenf;[lrl? &[ef;wdk Y- tMuif'g,um\
ouFef;udk oHk;aqmifaom&[ef;onf twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom (t&[wå
zdkvf) pdwfESihf,SOfaom orm"dudk jynhfpHkapíae\/ xdk'g,um\ twkdif;
t&Snfr&Sdaom aumif;rItxk ukodkvft,Ofonf csrf;omudk aqmifwwf
onf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hkudk ay;wwfonf/ csrf;omusdK;&Sdonf/
ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfonfjzpfí tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfoufzG,ftvdkYiSm?
jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;tyGm;tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSmjzpf\/
&[ef;wdkY- tMuif'g,um\qGrf;udkoHk;aqmifaom&[ef;onf
twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom (t&[wåzdkvf) pdwfESihf,SOfaom orm"dudk jynhfpHk
apíae\/ xdk'g,um\ twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom aumif;rItxk ukodkvf
t,Ofonf csrf;omudk aqmifwwfonf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hkudk
ay;wwfonf/ csrf;omusdK;&Sdonf/ ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfonfjzpfí
tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfoufzG,ftvdkYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;tyGm;
tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSmjzpf\/
&[ef;wdkY- tMuif'g,um\ ausmif;udkoHk;aqmifaom&[ef;
onf twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom (t&[wåzdkvf) pdwfESihf,SOfaom orm"dudk
jynhfpHkapíae\/ xdk'g,um\ twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom aumif;rItxk
ukodkvft,Ofonf csrf;omudk aqmifwwfonf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hk
udk ay;wwfonf/ csrf;omusdK;&Sdonf/ ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfonfjzpfí
tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfoufzG,ftvdkYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;tyGm;
tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSmjzpf\/
&[ef;wdk Y- tMuif'g,um\olemtaxmuftyHhjzpfaom
aq;toHk;taqmifudk oHk;aqmifaom&[ef;onf twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom
(t&[wåzdkvf) pdwfESihf,SOfaom orm"dudk jynhfpHkapíae\/ xdk'g,um
\ twkdif;t&Snfr&Sdaom aumif;rItxkukodkvft,Ofonf csrf;omudk
aqmifwwfonf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hkudk ay;wwfonf/ csrf;om
usdK;&Sdonf/ ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfonfjzpfí tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfouf
zG,ftvdkYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;tyGm; tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSm
jzpf\/
&[ef;wdkY- þav;rsdK;aom aumif;rItxkukodkvft,OfwdkY
onf csrf;omudkaqmifwwfukefonf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hkudk ay;wwf
Flood of merit (to laymen)Sa-vatthi was the source of this Sutta.
Monks, there are these four floods of merit, floods ofthings profitable, bringing happiness, giving the best things,whose fruit is happiness, leading to the heaven world, leading towhat is dear, delightful and pleasant, to profit and happiness.What are the four?
To him, monks, who is the given of the robe, using whicha monk is able to attain and abide in unbounded concentration ofmind, to him comes a flood of merit, a flood of things profitable,bringing happiness.
To him, monks, who is the giver of alms- food, usingwhich a monk is able to attain and abide in unbounded concen-tration of mind, to him comes a flood of merit, a flood of thingsprofitable, bringing happiness.
To him, monks, who is the given of lodging, using whicha monk is able to attain and abide in unbounded concentration ofmind, to him comes a flood of merit, a flood of things profitable,bringing happiness.
To him, monks, who is the given of requisites and medi-cines for use in sickness, using which a monk is able to attain andabide in unbounded concentration of mind, to him comes a floodof merit, a flood of things profitable, bringing happiness, givingthe best things, whose fruit is happiness, leading to the heavenworld, leading to what is dear, delightful and pleasant, to profitand happiness.
These, monks, are the four flood of merit, floods of thingsprofitable, bringing happiness.
Moreover, monks if a Ariyan disciple be possessed ofthese four flood of merit, flood of things profitable, it is no easything to take the measure of his merit, (so as to say);– "Such andsuch is the extent of the flood of merit and so forth," nay, it is tobe reckoned as on incalculable, immeasurable, mighty mass ofmerit.
Just as, monks, it is no easy thing to take the measure ofthe water in the mighty ocean (so as to say),– "So many gallonsof water, so many hundred, so many thousand, so many hun-dreds of thousands of gallons of water," – nay, it is to be reck-oned as an incalculable, immeasurable, mighty mass of merit.
To boundless mighty ocean, mighty pool,Fearsome, the resting- place of divers gems,As rivers bearing multitudes of menFlow broadly down and to that ocean come;Just so to him that giveth food, drink, clothes,Who bed and seat and coverlet provides,
"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/
12
DHAMMA DEW
ukefonf/ csrf;omusdK;&Sdukefonf/ ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfukefonfjzpfí
tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfoufzG,ftvdkYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;tyGm;
tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSmjzpfukef\/
&[ef;wdkY- ]]þrQavmuf twkdif;t&Snf&Sdaom aumif;rItxk
ukodkvft,Ofonf csrf;omudk aqmifwwfonf/ aumif;jrwfaomtm½Hk
udk ay;wwfonf/ csrf;omusdK;&Sdonf/ ewfjynfüjzpfapwwfonfjzpfí
tvdk&SdzG,ftvdkYiSm? ESpfouf zG,ftvdkYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm? tpD;tyGm;
tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSm jzpf\}} [k þaumif;rItxkukodkvft,Of
av;rsdK;wdkYESihfjynhfpHkaom t&d,mom0u\ aumif;rIyrmPudk,ljcif;iSm
rvG,f/ pifppftm;jzihf ra&rwGufEdkif? rEdIif;,SOfEdkifaom BuD;pGmaom
aumif;rItpk[líomvQif a&wGufjcif;odkYa&muf\/
&[ef;wdkY- r[mork'&mü ]]þrQavmuf uGrf;pm;}} (av;pv,f
0if wpfjynfom;udk wpfuGrf;pm;[kac:onhf) yrmP&Sd a&wdkY}} [lí
vnf;aumif;}}? þrQavmuf uGrf;pm;t&myrmP&Sd a&wdkY}} [lívnf;
aumif;? ]]þrQavmuf uGrf;pm;taxmifyrmP&Sd a&wdk Y}} [lí
vnf;aumif;? ]]þrQavmuf uGrf;pm;todef;yrmP&Sda&wdkY}} [lí
vnf;aumif;? a&\yrmPudk ,ljcif;iSmrvG,f/ pifppftm;jzihf ra&
rwGufEdkif/ rEIdif;,SOfEdkifaom BuD;pGmaom a&tpk[líomvQif a&wGuf
jcif;odkY a&mufouJhodkY? &[ef;wdkY- þtwlomvQif ]]þrQavmufaom
aumif;rItxkukodkvft,Ofonf csrf;omudkaqmifwwfonf/ aumif;jrwf
aomtm½Hkudk ay;wwfonf/ csrf;omusdK;&Sdonf/ ewfjynfü jzpfapwwf
onfjzpfí tvdk&SdzG,ftvkdYiSm? ESpfoufzG,ftvdkYiSm? jrwfEdk;zG,ftvdkYiSm?
tpD;tyGm;tvdkYiSm? csrf;omtvdkYiSmjzpf\}} [k þaumif;rItxk ukodkvf
t,Ofav;rsdK;wdkYESihf jynhfpHkaom t&d,mom0u\ aumif;rIyrmPudk
Torrents of merit flood that mortal wise,As rivers, bearing water, reach the main.(Complete translation of the Tipitaka, Anguttara
Nikaya, The Gradual sayings, book Fours, Text two, Chapter VI,Flood of merit sutta.)
Hanthawaddy- U Ohn Kyaing
,ljcif;iSm rvG,f/ pifppftm;jzihf ra&rwGufEdkif rEdIif;,SOfEdkifaom BuD;pGm
aom aumif;rItpk[líomvQif a&wGufjcif;odkY a&muf\[k jrwfpGm
bk&m; a[mMum;awmfrlonf/
rsm;pGmaoma&udkaqmifwwfaom (uGrf;pm;ta&twGuf
tp&Sdonfjzihf) rEdIif;,SOftyfaom? jyif;xefaomtoH&Sdaom?
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yknmbdoE´okwfudk azmfjyygonf/)
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13
DHAMMA DEW
"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
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rSDNidrf;- omoemvuFm&pmwrf;/
vu©P(aysmfbG,f)
14
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mysufjym;rI t0de,udk a&SmifEkdif&efjzpfonf/
vlwdkif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwdkif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwdkif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwdkif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½lyvlwdkif;awmih fw ½kyfqif;½ly
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qDMunf
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onf/ (xrif;csKd;ü qrf;tyfaom Munfaom
ESrf;qDtqif;[lívnf; qkdonf/)
a&csK d;aomtcg Munfaoma&\
txufü tayguftuGufjzpfaom qDo@mef
&Sdonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzihf vuf0g;? vufzrkd;?
ajcz0g;? ajczrk d ; ? ezl; ? E Smacgi f;z kzsm; ?
vufuwD;Mum;wdkYü wnfonf/ tMuiftcgü
rD;yl? aeyl? Owk azmufjyefjcif;? aoG;av
azmufjyefjcif;wdkYaMumihf vuf0g; ponfwdkYonf
ylukef\/
xkdtcg xkdt&yfwdkYü a&csKd;aomtcg
a&MunftxufwdkYü qD;aygufa&GUvsm; oGm;vm
ouJhodk Y xkdrS þrS a&GUvsm;oGm;vmonf/
qDMunf\tzkdYtpk xuf0ef;usifwdkYjzihf ykdif;jcm;
tyfayonf/
cE¨maA'usrf;ürl
ta&xl[laom tacguf\atmufü
tajr§;onf &Sdonf/ þtajr§;tacgufwdkY\
tMum;ü acR;pka0;&m `yGefwdkYuJhodkY qDMunf\
wnf&m tajr§;tdwfwdkY trsm;tjym;&Sdukefonf/
xk dtajr§;tdwfwd k Y\ `yGe fwHonf
ta&vTmwdkYukd xkd;azmufí qH? tarT;ayguf
aom taygufwdkYü t0jyifodkY vSnhfíwnf
ojzihf xkdqDMunfwdkYonf twefi,fpD;xGufMu
Ny D ;vQi f ta&tarG;wd k Yu k d aysm ha jymi f ;
ajymifvufapukefonf/
rD;yl? aeylwdkYaMumifhvnf;aumif;? Owk?
tm[m&? aoG;avacsmufcsm;jcif;aMumih f
vnf;aumif; xkdqDMunfonf trsm;xGufwwf
onf/
qH? tarS;aygufaom taygufwdkYü
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twefi,fxGufvsuf&SdaomaMumihf jyifyrS
jrLrIefwdkYonf ukd,fwGif;odkY r0ifEkdifMuay/
xkdqDMunftdwfi,fwdkYonf OD;acgif;?
vuf0g;? vufzrkd;? rsufESm? em;&Guf? vufuwD;?
aygifNcHwkdYü rsm;jym;ukefonf/
ok d ; tp&S daom tarG;xlaom
wd&pämefwdkYüvnf; qDtdwfi,fwdkYonf rsm;pGm
&Sdukefonf/
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wHawG;onf cHwGif;ü tjr§KyfESihfa&m
aom tmayg"gwfjzpfonf/ jzLaomtjr§KyfESihf
wlaom tqif;&Sdonf/
wnfae&mE Si h f wlaomo@mef
& S donf/ (a&jr § Ky fo@mef& S d\[lívnf;
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onf tNrJrwnfyg/
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wHawG;jzpfaMumif; tm[m&wdkYukd jrifonf?
atmufarhonf/ tyl? tcg;? tpyf? tief?
tcsOf paom t&omwdkYwGif wpfckckukd cHwGif;
üxm;onf/
wp fcg owå0gwd k Y\E Sv k H ;onf
aemufusdukef\/ wpfpkHwpfckudkvnf; pufqkyf
&GH&Smjcif;onf jzpf\/ xkdtcg wHawG;onf
jzpfí yg;apmifESpfbufwdkYrS qif;oufí vQmü
wnfukefonf/
vQmzsm;ü txkyrmP yg;onf/
vQm&if;ü xlonf/
cHwGif;ü rkef Yqef;udkvnf;aumif;?
qefudkvnf;aumif;? wpfpkHwpfckaomcJzG,fukd
vnf;aumif; xnfhxm;vQif jrpfoJjyifü wl;tyf
aom vuf,ufwGif;a&uhJodkY rukefEkdifonf
jzpfíomvQif pk dp GwfEk di fonf/ wHawG;\
xuf0ef;usifwdkYjzihf ykdif;jcm;Ekdifonf/
cE¨maA'ürl
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yg;csdwfaemuftwGif;buftom;Ekukd zkH;aom
tajr§;atmufü rsuf&nfuJhodkY tajr§;tdwfi,f
wdkYjzihf wnfonf/
xkdtajr§;tdwfi,fwkdYrS yGefwHwkdYonf
zk H;aomtajr§;ukd azmufí cHwGif;bufodk Y
a&S;½IwnfMuukefonf/
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onf/
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wHawG;jzpf&jcif;taMumif; wpfpk H
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xef;oD;EkqH tqif;&Sdonf/ wnf&mESihfwlaom
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þESmacgif;zktwGif;üvnf; tNrJaygif;pkí
rwnfacs/
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ql;jzihfazmufvQif EGm;EkdYcsOf\t&nf ,kdusouJh
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&Sdaom tpmtm[m&wkdYukd pm;ukef\/ "gwf
azmufjyef\/
xkdtcg OD;acgif;cHwGif;ü ykyfaom
ovdyftjzpfodk Ya&mufaomf OD;aESmufonf
,dkpD;í tmacgif&if;ü&SdaomtaygufrS oufí
ESmacgif;ü jynhfíwnfonf/ ,kdvnf; ,kdpD;
onf/
ESyf\ xuf0ef;usifjzihf ykdif;jcm;tyf
onf/
cE¨maA'usrf;ürlum;
ESmacgif;wGif; t½kd;Ekwdk Y\wnf&m
aysmhajymif;aom atmufykdif;? y'ltkHESihfwlaom
t½kd;&Sdaom txufykdif; [lí ESpfykdif;&Sdonf/
txufydkif;t½kd;wdk Y\ y'ltkHayguf
twGif; ywfvnfESyf\wnf&m tajr§;tdwfi,f
rsm;pGm&Sdonf/
xkdtajr§;tdwfi,fwkd Yudk zk H;tkyfí
tvGefyg;aom tajr§;&Sdonf/ ESm&nftdwfi,f
wdkYrS ESm&nfxGufaom`yGefwHwdkYonf zkH;tkyfaom
tajr§;ukd azmufíwnfMuonf/
xkdtajr§;wdkYESihf ESmacgif;½kd;tayguf
15
"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
a
wdkYonf 0g;vkH;acgif;twGif; ywfvnf tajr§;
uyfvsuf&SdouJhodkY jzpfonf/
E Sm&nftdwfwd k Y\tMum;üvnf;
OD;acgif;rSvmaom &oaMumwkdYonf tjynhf
&SdMuonf/
xkd&oaMumwdk YrS qif;íjzmxGuf
aom tvGefao;i,faom &oaMumwdkYonf
ESm&nftdwfukd zkH;aomtajr§;yg;ü ysHUESHYvsuf
wnfonf/
ESm½SLjcif;? ESmap;jcif; tp&Sdaom
wpfpkHwpfckaom ESm&nfxGuf&eftaMumif;&Sd
vQif ESm&nf,dkpD;wwfonf/
yuwdtm;jzihf pOhfi,fESm&nfxGufí
ESmacgif;ü pkdvsuf&Sdonf/
tap;
tap;[lonfrSm t½k d;qufwd k Y\
twGif;ü yspfcRJaom t&m0w¦Krsm;jzpfonf/
r[mavSum;yif\ tap;ESihfwlaom
tqif;&S donf/ wnf&mo@mefESih fwlaom
o@mef&Sdonf/
t½kd;qufwdkY\ e,fqDtrIudk Nidrf;
apvsuf (108)ckaom t½kd;qufwkdY\ twGif;ü
wnfonf/
þtap;enf;aomol\ x? xkdif?
oGm;? auG;? qefY&mü t½kd;wkdYonf vufzspfwD;
ouJhodkY uRwfuRwfjrnfukefonf/
wpfrkdif? ESpfrdkifc&D;ukdoGm;rl 0ga,m
"gwfysufí tqpfjrpfemusifukdufcJonf/
ukd,fwdkYonf qif;&Jukef\/
tap;rsm;aomol\ x? xkdif? oGm;?
auG;? qefY&m0,f t½dk;wdk Yonf uRwfuRwf
rjrnfukefay/
c&D;a0;oGm;&müvnf; 0ga,m"gwf
rysufaomaMumihf tqpftjrpfwdk Y emusif
ukdufcJjcif;rjzpfukef? ukd,fvnf; rqif;&Jukef/
cE¨maA'usrf;ürlum;
cg;? ausmufukef;? ukyf½kd;wdkYESihf t½kd;
BuD;wkdY\ tqkH;xdyfü aysmhajymif;aom t½kd;Ek
onf &Sdonf/
t½ k d ;E Sp fc ktquftqufwd k Yr S m
þt½kd;EkwdkYjzihf pyfMuonf/
þtpyfMum;wGif oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;&m
ü remusif&avatmif auG;Ekdif? qefYEkdifatmif
upD? ig;qDwdkYuJhodkY tqDonf &Sdonf[k qkdvkd
onf/
okuf
okufqkdonfrSm owå0gwdkY\ &o
tp&S daom "gwf(7)yg;wd k Yü yg0i faom
rpifMu,faom 0w¦Kjzpfonf/
tmo,av;yg;wdkY\ tjym;tm;jzihf
vnf;aumif;? "gwfcsif;rwl txl;xl;tjym;jym;
&SdaomaMumihfvnf;aumif;? tqifhrwlbJ (10)
rsKd;uGJjym;onf/
yg&mZduPf ygVdawmfokuú0dó|d
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1/ nKdaomtqif;&Sdaomokuf?
2/ 0gaomtqif;&Sdaomokuf?
3/ eDaomtqif;&Sdaomokuf?
4/ jzLaomtqif;&Sdaomokuf?
5/ EGm;Ekd YcsOf\Muufwuf&nftqif;&Sdaom
okuf?
6/ a&tqif;&Sdaomokuf?
7/ ESrf;qDtqif;&Sdaomokuf?
8/ EkdY&nftqif;&Sdaomokuf?
9/ EGm;EkdYcsOftqif;&Sdaomokuf?
10/ axmywftqifh&Sdaomokuf?
okufonf ukd,ftvkH;üwnfonf/
okufonf (16)ESpf&G,f&SdrS jzpfonf/ &m*
tpGrf;tm;jzihf ae&mrS a&GUíxGufonf/ tvGef
i,faom owå0gwdkYüvnf; okufonf &Sdonf/
(ewfwdkYü okufonf xGufjcif;? vTwf
jcif;r&Sdacs/ &m*pdwfjzpfaomf wnfNrJwkdif;
ae&mü wnfíomvQif pOf;i,fazmufjyefjcif;
odkYa&muf\/)
tmayg"gwftjzpfjzihf pdwåZjzpfí
t*FgZmwfodY k oufqif;onf/ t*FgZmwfodk Y
a&mufonfrSpí pdwåypö,Owkork|mef jzpf
onf/
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wdkYüvnf;aumif; tvkH;pkHaom umr&m*r&Sd
aomaMumihf okufxGufjcif;rjzpf? ,if;wkdYwGif
okuf&Sdonhf &m*pdwfr&SdaomaMumihfom rxGuf
jcif;jzpfonf/
jA[®mwdkYonf psmefjzihf cGmtyfaom
&m*pdwf&SdaomaMumihfvnf;aumif;? uAVdum&
tm[m&ukd rSDí toufrarG;&aomaMumihf
vnf;aumif;? tvsOf;yif okufr&Sdacs/
cE¨maA'tvkdt&rl
okuf[lonf uk d,fwGif;&S daom
t&nf"gwfwpfrsKd;jzpfonf/ tajr§;tdwfi,f
trsm;jzihf aygif;pkíjzpfonf/
tdwfi,fwd k Y\ `yGefwHaygufonf
t*FgZmwft&if;odkY axmifí vSnhfvnfvsuf
&Sdonf/
þtajr§;tdwfi,fwdkYrS xGufaom
t&nfwpfrsKd;ESihf qD;tdrftjyif ywfvnfrS
xGufaomt&nfwpfrsKd;wdk Y aygif;pyfíxGuf
aom 0w¦Kjzpfonf/
þokuf[laom 0w¦KtwGif;ü ovdyf
uhJodkY t&if;rS tvkH;tvsm; tzsm;ukd trQif
oG,fwef;vsuf 0w¦KrsKd;trsm;&Sdonf/
usifi,f
usifi,f[lonf rwfyJukdjyKwfí jym
uk d a&ESih fazsm f Ny D;vQif pyfí,lxm;aom
Munfvifaom t&nftqif;&Sdonf/
a&cyftkd;twGif;ü 0ifíwnfaom
a&o@mef&Sdonf/ qD;tdrfü wnfonf/ qD;tdrf
onf csufatmuf 0rf;acgif;wGif;ü wnf&Sdonf/
&THUtkdifüESpfxm;aom rsufESm0 r&Sd
aom a&cyftkd;xJodkY a&onf pdrfh0ifouJhodkY
(a&0if &ef rsufESmayguf0 rxif&Sm;ouJhodkY)
ukd,frS usifi,fonf qD;tdrfodk Y0ifonf/
0ifaygufonf rxif&Sm;? xGufaygufonf
xif&Sm;onf/ qD;tdrfü qD;0ifí jynhfonf&Sd
aomf usifi,fpGefY&ef jzpfvmonf/ qD;tdrf\
xuf0ef;usifjzihf ykdif;jcm;xm;onf/
cE¨maA'tvkdt&rl
qD;tdrfonf tajr§;tdwfvkH;jzpfonf/
vkH;avsmif;aomo@mef&Sdonf/ qD;tdrfatmuf
rS t*FgZmwfodkY avsmufaom usifi,fxGuf&ef
`yGefwHaygufonf oG,fwef;vsuf&Sdonf/
xkdqD;tdrfonf csufatmuf qD;pyf
0rf;acgif;wGif;ü wnfonf/ ausmufuyf (2)
ckwdkYonf qD;tdrf\ wpfbufü azmuf0ifí
wnfonf/
qufvufazmfjyygrnf
wuúodkvfoQifoD&d("r®mp&d,?bD-at)
aomuawGaMumifhyif rsuf&nfusus tJ'D
rsuf&nfawG[m wefzkd;r&Sdovdk tokH;vnf;
r0ifygbl;/
a[m'DoHo&mBuD;twGif;rSm&S dwJ h
rsuf&nfpufawGtm;vkH;xJrSm w&m;wnf;
[laom ]"r®} aMumifh uswJhrsuf&nfrSwpfyg;
tjcm;aomrsuf&nfawG[m tylrD;awGygyJ/
aomuaMumifhjzpfwJh tylrD;awGukd
"r®wnf;[laom rkd;a&pufav;awGeJY jzef;yuf
rSomvQif aomuqkdwJh tylrD;awGu Nidrf;at;
rSmjzpfygw,f/
OyÜ&Dax&Duawmh om;orD;wnf;
[laom tylrD;aMumihfusvmwJh rsuf&nfawGudk
z,fokwfNyD; Nidrf;at;rIcsrf;omukd &oGm;ygNyD/
pm½IolwdkYaum.../
usrf;ukd;
OyÜ&Dax&D0w¦K(wduedygwf)
a&Tuef t&SifMobmooD&d
pmrsufESm 10 rS
16
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
wpfavmwkef;u ra&mufawmhwm
MumNyDjzpfwJh &efukefomauwNrKdUrSm oDwif;
okH;aewJh q&mbkef;BuD;xH oGm;uefawmhjzpfyg
w,f/ wynhfjzpfol vmuefawmhonfqkdawmh
]]twwfvnf;oif? yJhjyifqkH;r}} qkdonhf q&m
jzpfolwdkY\0wå&m;twkdif; vdktyfrnfxifonhf
tqkH;tr Mo0g'rsm;ukd ay;vkdufonfayhg/
om;orD;jzpfvQif om;orD;usihf0wf? rdbjzpf
vQif rdbusihf0wf? wynhfjzpfvQif wynhfusihf
0wf? q&mjzpfvQif q&musihf0wf? &[ef;jzpf
vQifawmh ]]raumif;jrpfxm;? aumif;&mñTefvpf?
topfa[mMuL;? emzl;xyfrH? ewfxHwif&m?
arwåmvnf;jyK? &[ef;rI ajcmufckvGefaocsm}}
qkdonhf usih f0wfaumif;awGudk aus`yGefrS
vlaumif;? &Sifaumif;tjzpf owfrSwfvdkY&yg
rnhftaMumif;uk d qk H;rMo0g'ay;tNyD;rSm
tem*gwfomoema&;rSm b,fvkdwm0ef,lzkdY
pdwful;xm;ovJqkdonhfar;cGef;ukd ar;ygonf/
vdktyfwm&SdvQif ulnDEkdifatmifqkdwJh apwem
eJYyg/ wwfoa&GU rSwfoa&GU ynmay; bmom
a&;aqmif;yg;awGa&;zkdY pdwful;xm;ygw,fvkdY
jyefavQmufvkdufawmh-
]]at;- pma&;w,fqkdwm aumif;wm
ayhg/ rif;pma&;wJhtcg "r®oufoufcsnf;ra&;
eJYOD;? trsKd;bmom omoemukdcspfwwfatmif
rsKd;cspfpmayukdvnf; a&;OD;uG}} qkdNyD; owday;
wJhoabmeJY ajymvkduf\/
rSefygonf/ "r®pmaya&;om;onhf
pma&;q&m tajrmuftjrm;&S daomfvnf;
trsKd;bmom? omoemukd cspfwwfatmif
a&;onhf pma&;q&m aygaygrsm;rsm;r&Sdonf
ukd tm;r&onhftwGuf ajymvkdufjcif; jzpfay
vdrf hrnf/ "r®r*¾Zif; av;ig;tkyfavmuf
&SmMunhfaomfrS rsK d;cspfaqmif;yg;wpfyk'fukd
awGU&cJonf/ vlrsKd;udkcspfrS vlrsKd;udk wefzkd;
xm;rnf/ bmomudkcspfrS bmomukd wefzkd;
xm;rnf/ omoemukdcspfrS omoemukd wefzdk;
xm;rnf/ rdrdcspfaomt&mudkom wefzkd;xm;
vkdonfrSm vlYobm0jzpfonfrkdY trsKd;? bmom
omoemukd cspfjrwfEkd;aprnhf pmtkyf? pmay?
aqmif;yg;rsm; txl;vdktyfvSonfudk jiif;p&m
r&Sdyg/
rdrdzwfzl;cJ honhf pmtkyfrsm;xJrS
ñTefjyay;&rnfqkdvQif- zkd;yanm(oydwfusif;)
a&;onfh ]]trsKd;udkcspf bmomukdrypfeJY}}? ]]rdpäm
rsKd;jcm; vif,lrSm;aomf}} tp&Sdaom vkH;csif;
q&mawmfbk&m;\ trSmawmfpum;q&mawmfbk&m;\ trSmawmfpum;
q&mawmfbk&m;\ trSmawmfpum;q&mawmfbk&m;\ trSmawmfpum;
q&mawmfbk&m;\ trSmawmfpum;
tif;Zl;av;(&efukefAk'¨wuúodkvf)
pmtkyfrsm;rSm (10) tkyfcefY&Sdí jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;
rjzpfrae zwfzl;xm;oihfaom pmtkyfrsm;yif
jzpfonf/ vlrsK d;jcm;rsm;ESih f ½l;½l;rk dufrk duf
tdrfaxmifjyKrdonhftcg jrefrmtrsKd;orD;i,f
rsm; 'ku©a&myHkrsm;udk pepfwus azmfjyxm;aom
pmtkyfrsm; jzpfonf/ rSm;,Gif;aom tdrfaxmif
jyKjcif;rsm;ukd umuG,fí csrf;ajrUaysmf&Tifae
aom om;orD;rsm;udk awGUjrif vkdonhfrdbrsm;
taejzihf 0,fay;xm;oihfaom pmtkyfrsm;jzpf
ayonf/
w&m;awmfrsm;ukd ñTefjyay;&rnf
qkdvQif q&mawmft&SifZ0e (arwåm&Sif-a&T
jynfom) a[mMum;cJhaom ]]yifv,fa&ESihf
jrpfa&}} w&m;awmfyifjzpfonf/
yifv,fa&onf rnfrQyif aygrsm;
apumrl tief"gwfrsm;aeonhftwGuf aomuf
í csK d;ír&aoma&jzpfonf/ jrpfa&onf
yifv,fa&avmuf rrsm;aomfvnf; aomufí
csKd;í&aoma&jzpfonf/ xkdYtwl vlrsKd;jcm;wdkY
\ vuf0,f&Sdaom Opömypönf;wdkYonf jrefrm
vlrsKd;wdkYtwGuf yifv,fa&uJhodkYyifjzpfaMumif;
ponfjzihf tus,fw0ihf &Sif;jyxm;ygonf/
ukd,fwdkifvnf;em,l cspfwJholrsm;udkvnf;
vufaqmifay; ("r®'ge)jyKoihfaom w&m;
wpfy k' f jzp fonfr k d Y & Smaz Gem,l Munh f&e f
wkdufwGef;vkdufygonf/
q&mawmfBuD;rsm;\ Mo0g'ukd ñTefjy
ay;&rnfqkdvQif urÇmhÓPftaumif;qkH;yk*¾Kdvf
tjzpf *if;epfrSwfwrf;0if wdyd#u"& jzpfawmf
rlaom q&mawmf b'´EÅ0dpdwåom&mbd0Ho
rif;uGef;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ Mo0g'yif
jzpfonf/ rif;uGef;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\
ausmif;wdkuf y&0kPftwGif; taqmuftOD;
opfwpfck aqmufvkyfvsuf&Sd&m vkdtkyfaom
ypönf;rsm;ukd jrefrmvlrsKd;r[kwfwJhqkdifrS 0,f,l
í aqmufvkyfMuonf/ xkdtaMumif;udk q&m
awmfBuD; od&Sdaomtcg-
]]jrefrmqkdifu tjrwfwpfq,f (10d )
[m jrefrmjynfBuD;&JU trsKd;bmom omoem
twGu ftokH;csr,hf wpfq,fjzpfw,f/ jrefrm
vlrsKd;r[kwfwJhqkdifu tjrwfwpfusyf (1d ) [m
wkdYwkdif;jynfysufpD;&m ysufpD;aMumif;udk tokH;
csr,fh wpfusyfjzpfw,f}} [k aqmufvkyfa&;
orm;rsm;ukd qkH;rMo0g'ay;cJhzl;ygonf/
þtaMumif;t&mudk aEG&moDAk'¨
bmom ,Ofaus;vdr®moifwef;wGifvnf;-
jrefrmjynfom;wdkYukduG,f?
rif;uGef;q&mawmf rSmcJhw,f/
jrefrmqkdifu tjrwfwpfq,f?
ausmif;BuD;aqmufvkdY bk&m;wnf/
vlrsKd;jcm;qkdifu tjrwfwpfusyf?
wkdYwkdif;jynfBuD; ysufzkdYtwGuf/
q&mawmfBuD;u rSmcJhwm?
tvGefta&;BuD;vdkYyg/
oli,fcsif;awGvnf; odatmifuG,f?
'DtaMumif;av; ajymjyr,f/
'dkYvlrsKd;awG tqifajyzdkY?
jrefrmqkdifrSm 0,fMupkdY/ [k txufyg
twkdif; uAsmpyfí uav;i,frsm;ukd oifMum;
ay;cJhygonf/
jrefrmvlrsKd;wkdYonf pD;yGm;a&;tjrif
r&SdbJ pwkd;qkdif? ukefpkHqkdif? ta&mif;t0,f
vkyfol enf;yg;onfhtwGuf aps;a&mif;í
BuD;yGm;csrf;omMuol trsm;pkrSm jrefrmvlrsKd;wkdY
r[kwfMuay/ aps;a&mif;jcif;[lonf tjrwf
vkdcsifíom a&mif;jcif;jzpfay&m pm;0wfae
a&;? usef;rma&;twGuf vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;
ukd 0,f,lonhftcg tjrwfay;&jcif;twlwl
tjrwfay;oihfonfh qkdifukd a&G;cs,fEkdif&ef
&nf&G,fí arwåmqEjzihf azmfjy vkdufygonf/
tif;Zl;av;(&efukefAk'¨wuúodkvf)
17
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/
rpifbifykyf csrf;omvkyfcsif
udwdårom;(&mrnrGef)
wpfcgwkef;u jrwfpGmbk&m;[m
aemufygoHCmrsm;pGmESihf a'opm&D vSnhfvnf
awmh aumovwkdif;u £päme*Fv ykPÖm;&Gm
ukd a&mufoGm;w,f/ &Gmjyifbufu £päme*Fv
awmtkyfxJrSmyJ oDwif;okH;awmfrlygw,f/
bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh uif;qdwfjcif;
qkdwJh 0da0uukd tvkd&SdvkdYyJ/ tJ'D0da0uqkdwm
(3)yg;&Sdw,f/
1/ um,0da0u?
2/ pdwå0da0u?
3/ Oy"d0da0u wdkYyJjzpfygw,f/
1/ um,0da0u qkdwm wpfukd,f
wnf;aejcif;? a&ma&maxG;axG;aexkdifjcif;rS
uif;qdwfjcif;jzpfygw,f/ taygif;tazmfrsm;ukd
pGefYvTwfNyD; wwfEkdiforQ qdwfNidrf&mrS wpfukd,f
wnf;aejcif;ukd um,0da0u vdkYac:w,f/
2/ pdwå0da0u qkdwm tm½kHtrsKd;rsKd;
wdkY&JU qlnH½IwfaxG; arsmufvkdajy;vTm; r&yf
rem;Ekdif zrf;ukdifr&jzpfaewJhpdwfawGukd tm½kH
wpfckwnf;&JUtay:rSm pl;pkdufNidrfouf at;csrf;
aewmudk ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd wpfckwnf;aom
tm½kHrSm pdwfukdwnfNidrfatmifxm;Ekdifwmukd
pdwå0da0u vdkYac:ygw,f/
3/ Oy"d0da0u qkdwm t&m&mrSm
uif;qdwfjyKjyif pD&ifjcif;cH&wJh ocFww&m;
tm;vkH;u uif;qdwfjcif;? at;Nidrf;jcif; oEÅd
okcjzpfwJh edAÁmefukd rsufarSmufjyKoGm;jcif;yJ
jzpfygw,f/ umr*kPfwdkYrSvnf;aumif;? udav
omwkdYrSvnf;aumif;? ocFg&w&m;wdkYrSvnf;
aumif;? cEm 5 yg;wdkYrSvnf;aumif;? cyfodrf;
aom tjcif;t&mwkd YrS uif;qdwfjcif;wdk Yukd
Oy"d0da0u vdkYac:ygw,f/
tJ'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;ESih fwuG
oHCmawmft&SifoljrwfawG &Gmtjyifbufu
£päme*FvawmtkyfxJrSm oDwif;okH;awmfrl
ygw,fqkdwJh 'Dowif;ukd &Gmol&Gmom;awG Mum;
awmh pm;zG,faomufzG,f vSL'gef;zG,fawGESihf
jrwfpGmbk&m;xHukd vmMuw,f/ qlqlyGufyGuf
ESihf tvkt,uf vSLMuzkdYygyJ/ awmtkyfxJu
ausmif;0a&mufawmh ½kwfw&ufr0ifao;bJ
tjyifbufrSmyJ <uufpD<uufpDESihf us,fus,f
avmifavmif pum;awGajymaeMuw,f/
tJ'Dwkef;u bk&m;tvkyfta<u;u
t&Sifem*dwjzpfvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;ar;w,f/
]]em*dw <uufpDMuufpDESihf ig;pdrf;
onfawG 0,fMua&mif;Muovkd ausmif;jyif
bufu b,folawGvJ}}
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yg? bk&m;ESihf oHCmawmfawGudk vSLzkdYwef;zdkY
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w,f bk&m;? olwdkYpum;ajymaeMuwmyg}}
'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u-
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rmpr,m ,aom}} wJh/
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tausmftapm vmbfvmbESihf ra&maESm
rawGUqkHvkd? ta`cGt&HtausmftapmawGu
vnf; igbk&m;ESihfvmNyD; a&maESmrawGUqkH
ygapESihf}} vkdY rdefYawmfrlvdkufygw,f/
'gukd t&Sifem*dwu Mum;0ifw,f/
]]jrwfpGmbk&m; olwdk Y,lvmMuwJh
vmbfvmbawGudkvnf; tvSLcHawmfrlyg/
olwdkYwpfawG 0kdif;tkHcsOf;uyfMuwmudkvnf;
cGihfawmfrlyg/ þodkYvufcHjcif;tm;jzihf jrwfpGm
bk&m; oGm;av&m vmav&m a&mufav&m
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wJh/
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twkr&Sd Nidrf;at;aomcsrf;omudk r&pzl;?
xk dolonf þvmbfvmbESih f ta`cGt&H
tausmftapmuav;rsm;ukdyif t[kwfBuD;xif
NyD; rufarmum rpifbifykyfukd csrf;omatmif
vkyfí om,mp&m rSwfxifay&m\}} vdkY rdefY
awmfrlvkdufw,f/
qkdvkdwmu igbk&m;vdk tvGefat;
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
18
"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
Nidrf; csrf;ajrUwJhokcukd r&Muzl;awmh 'Dvmbf
vmbav;awGudkyJ? 'DtNcHt&Hav;awGudkyJ
tvGef YtvGef BuD;us,fwJh csrf;omokcvkd Y
xifaeMuwmwJh/ trSefrSm igbk&m;&xm;wJh
csrf;omawGESihfpmvQif 'D[mawGu ]]rdV§okc}}
acs;csrf;om ao;csrf;omrQavmufyJ &Sdw,f vdkY
&uf&ufpufpufqkdawmfrlvkdufw,f/
'gukdyJ t&Sifem*dwu xyfrHNyD;awmh
avQmufjyefao;w,f/
]]jrwfpGmbk&m;? olwdkYudk vdkufavsm
vufcHjcif;tm;jzihf jrwfpGmbk&m;rSm 0ef;usif
ywfjcm y&dowfta`cGt&Haygrsm;zkdYom jzpfyg
w,fbk&m;}} wJh/
'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u-
]]em*dw? igbk&m;onf awmvrf;rSm
c&D;oGm;aew,fqkdygawmh? tJ'DtcgrSm a&SU
aemuf0J,m ta`cGt&HrygwJhtjyif c&D;oGm;ol
wpfpkHwpfa,mufukdrQ rjrif&tHh/ xkdtcgrsKd; wGif
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yif csrf;omvGwfvyfayao;\}} vdkY aemufqkH;
rdefYawmfrlvkdufw,f/
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ta`cGt&H tausmftapmESihfywfoufvmvQif
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tBuD;tus,f tjypfajymawmfrlonf/ odkYaomf
avmuBuD;wpfckvkH;uvlawGurl xkdvmb
ouúm& odavmuawGudkrS t[kwfBuD;xifae
Mujyef\/ tom;ay;Mu\/ OD;pmay;Mu\/
yumoevkyfMu\/ r&vQif &atmifBuHaqmif
Muukef\/ avmuvlom;rsm; tm;xkwfBuH
aqmifMuonfrSm &SdapOD;awmh/ xkdvlwdk Yukd
twk,lí &[ef;wdkYu tm;xkwfMu&mü rsm;pGm
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jzpfawmh\/
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rIaMumifh tyg,fa&muf&aom yk*¾KdvfwdkYvnf;
renf;vSawmhacs/ tvGefjrihfaom rkd;aumif;
uifjyifü Murf;wrf;aom a0&rÇavwpfrsKd;
wkdufcwfvsuf&Sd\/ xkdavjyif;rdaomiSufonf
acgif;wpfjcm; ukd,fwpfjcm; ajcvuft*Fg
wpfjcm; ysufjym;&ouJhodkY xkdYtwl þvmb
ouúm&odavmu vTrf;rkd;rIcH&aom &[ef;
onfvnf; xkdtvm;yif ysufjym;&wwf\/}} [k
vmbouúm&H oH,kwfü a[mawmfrlxm;onf
ukd awGU&ygw,f/
'Dae&mrSm a&S;uyg&rDawG qnf;yl;
cJhvkdY bkef;uHBuD;rm;½kH BuD;rm;wmuawmh tjypf
r&Sdygbl;/ 'gayr,hf olYMunhf&wm ]]igvkdvl
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ygaeykH? olrsm;ukd txifao;aeykH ay:aew,f/
'DrSm tjypfu 0ifvmwm/
'Dawmh bmeJYwloGm;vJqkd&if pmxJ
rSmygwJh ]]acs;ykd;xkd;aumifBuD;ESihf vkH;0wloGm;NyD}}
vdkY a&S;q&mawmfBuD;rsm;u ajymNyD; rSwfcsuf
csvkdufw,f/ 'DtjypfawGukd rjrif&SmwJholawG
udkvnf; oem;oGm;rdw,f/
'gaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;[m ]]vmb
ouúm&oH,kwf}} rSm (rDV§uokwf) qkdwm
ygw,f/ uRJacs; EGm;acs;awGud kpm;aewJ h
acs;ykd;xkd;aumifBuD;taMumif;udk a[mxm;
w,f/ tJ'DtaumifBuD;u acs;ykHBuD;ukd av;zuf
um; cGxkdif? AkdufxJvnf; tjynhft0pm;? a&S;
rSmvnf; trsm;BuD;usefao;? aemufaeYawG
twGuf vnf;&Sdao;w,f/ igvdkvl ZrÁLrSm
&Sdao;&JUvm;vdkY <um;owJh/
wjcm;taumifawG[m ighvkd rjynhfpkH
&SmMubl;/ bkef;uHenf;yg;Muygayw,fvdk Y
txifao;owJh/ tJ'DOyrmtwkdif;yJ rjrif
ruef;eJY vmbouúm&pdwfvGrf;wJh wynfhom;
&[ef;awGudk qkH;rawmfrlw,f/
wpfcguqkd pma&;ol awmifOuú
vmyNrKdUe,fxJrSm aEGtcg ausmif;ydwf&ufrkdY
tm;vyfwJ htcs de fr Sm oifwef;wufcsifí
oifwef;wuf&ef oGm;pkHprf;wJhtcg oifwef;
wuf&ef tm;vkH;tqifajycJhygw,f/
wpfck tqifrajywmav;wpfck &Sdyg
ao;w,f/ tJ'guawmh aezkd Y&eftwGufyg/
tJ'geJY pma&;ol thJ'Dem;u ausmif;awGrSm
wpfvESpfvavmuf aecGih fawmif;ygw,f/
pma&;olwdkY tcuftcJ tppt&m&mudkvnf;
avQmufjyygw,f/ odk Yaomfvnf; rnfonhf
ausmif;udkrS avQmufvkYd vufrcHyg/ vmbf
vmbarQmfvihfcsufr&Sdí jzpfonf/
'gayr,h f tJ' Dausmi f ;awGu
bmajymvkdufvJqkdawmh vcay;ygwJh/ tJ'Dvkd
ausmif;awGudk awGU&awmh t&rf;yJ tHhMord
w,f/ 'Dvkdausmif;awGuvnf; &Sdao;ygvm; vdkY
pdwfraumif;pGmESihf jyefvmcJh&zl;ygw,f/
'Dta&;ukd BuKdjrifvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;
[m owday;xm;wmvm;rodbl;/ bmvdkYvJ
qkd&if ]]rmbdu©a0 vmbouúm& odavmuH
0d[,dw¦}} &[ef;wdkY avmb ouúm&odavmu
ukd rrufarmMueJY wJh/
vmbouúm&odavmuvdk Yqk dwJ h
vmbfvmbukd rufarmaejcif;wdkYonf edAÁmef
ukd oGm;zd k Yvrf;ESih f wjcm;pDomjzpfaMumif;?
edAÁmefudkoGm;jcif;&JU tEÅ&m,fukd jyKEkdifaMumif;
owday;awmfrlcJhjcif;jzpfygw,f/
]]'g½kaPm bdu©a0 vmbouúm&
odavmaum? u#Kaum z½kaom tEÅ&m,d
aum? tEkwå&ó a,m*au©ró t"d*rm,}}
vdkY vmbouúm&oH,kwfrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;u-
bdu©a0- &[ef;wdkY? vmbouúm&
odavmum- vmbfylaZmfouúm&tausmfapm
onf? 'g½kaPm- cufrmMurf;wrf;aomoabm
&Sd\? u#Kaum- cg;pyfcHcufaomtusKd;quf
&Sd\? z½kaom- zrf;ukwfqGJouJhodkY Murf;MuKwf
&JvS\? tEkwå&ó- twkr&Sd jrwfvSaom?
a,m*au©ró- a,m*av;yg;\ukef&m edAÁmef
udk? t"d*rm,- &jcif;\? tEÅ&m,daum-
tEÅ&m,fukd jyKwwfygayownf;/
usrf;udk;- oH,kwf? rDV§uokwf
udwådrom;(&mrnrGef)
tbx\
trSwf-15? vdIifjrpfvrf;? aygufawm&yf? tif;pdef? &efukef/
a&mh]x} trSwfwHqdyf
&SLaq;bl;BuD;
&SLvdkufzkef;= 722704? 642047
jzefYcsda&;
DHAMMA TALKS19
"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/
armf<um;raeeJY
Ä oifum;? xifxm;
toGifrsm;wihfvSygbdwJh
oihfudk0g;r,fh
bufwD;&D;,m;awG
tqifhoihfacsmif;vdkYae/ /
Ä oihfywf0ef;usifrSm
oihfcEmukd,fay:rSm
oihfcE¨mukd,fxJrSm
ykd;rsKd;&Spfq,f[mav
toifaor,fhaeY
aphwJhtcsdeftxd
apmihfMunhfarQmfvkdYae/ /
Ä Akdif;&yfpfawG0ifvm
oihfcEmu qJvfawGudk NzKdcs
wpfpp a&m*g&vdkYae
olwkdYawGukd wkdufvSefrcsEkdif&if
toifao&Gmvm;&rSmygav/ /
Ä rSefukda&SUrSmxm;
armf<um;raeeJY
w&m;eJYowd
tNrJ&Sdygap/ / rif;e&dE´m
Do not boast!
* You thought that
You were handsome
There are so many microbe
Who watch your growth.
They will fight your antibody
* When your resistance is weakly.
They wait till your death,
When you are dead,
they may have.
If virus will enter
in your body,
They stick fast your cell,
You may not be well.
You will get fever.
* If your antibody
can't fight them,
You will be
dead farm.
Don't boast
infront of mirror,
Please
take care and
stay with
Dhammar. Min Naindar
20"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A- NA
- PA
- NA DI
-PANI
-
rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u
aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDqa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpka
tmemy
THE A-NA
-PA
-N
OR
THE MANUAL OF MINDFby
Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo
,ciftywfrStquf
(13) 'kwd, pwkuúenf;
,cktcg tyÜempsmef-[kqdktyfaom xyemtcef;ü usihf&m
aom 'kwd,pwkuúenf;udk jyqdkaytHh/
(1) yxrcef;-
yDwdyÜ#doHa0'D tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
yDwdyÜ#doHa0'D yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(2) 'kwd,cef;-
okcyÜ#doHa0'D tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
okcyÜ#doHa0'D yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(3) wwd,cef;-
pdwåocFg&H y#doHa0'D tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
pdwåocFg&H y#doHa0'D yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(4) pwkw¬cef;-
yórÇ,H pdwåocFg&H tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
yórÇ,H pdwåocFg&H yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
('kwd, pwkuú ygVdawmf)
(1) yDwdyÜ#doHa0'D? pdwfESpfouf&Tifvef;jcif;yDwdudk xif&Sm;apí/
tóodómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
yDwdyÜ#doHa0'D? pdwfESpfouf&Tifvef;jcif;yDwdudk xif&Sm;apí/ yóod
ómrd? 0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(2) okcyÜ#doHa0'D? pdwf\ csrf;at;jcif;okcudk xif&Sm;apí/
tóodómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
okcyÜ#doHa0'D? pdwf\ csrf;at;jcif;okcudk xif&Sm;apí/ yóodómrd?
0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(3) pdwåocFg&H? a0'emç onm[laom pdwåocFg&udk/ y#doH
a0'D? xif&Sm;apí/ tóodómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/
odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/ pdwåocFg&H? a0'emç onm[laom pdwåocFg&udk/
y#doHa0'D? xif&Sm;apí/ yóodómrd? 0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/
odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(4) pdwåocFg&H? ½kefY&if;aom pdwåocFg&udk/ yórÇ,H- yórÇ
,aEÅm? tpOftwkdif;csKyfNidrf;apvsuf/ tóodómrd? xGufoufvTwfay
tHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/ pdwåocFg&H? ½kefY&if;aom
XIThe Second Tetrad
I shall now show the second tetrad of the sutta which isto be attempted or practised in the fixing stage, the stage of thefull absorption or jhana. The text states:
1. "Experiencing rapture, I will exhale and inhale,"thus he trains himself.
2. "Experiencing happiness, I will exhale and inhale,"thus he trains himself.
3. "Experiencing the mental functions, I will exhale andinhale," thus he trains himself.
4. "Allaying and calming down the mental functions, Iwill exhale and inhale," thus he trains himself.
1.Pitipatisamvedi assasissamiti sikkhati,pitipatisamvedi passasissamiti sikkhati.
2. Sukhapatisamvedi assasissamiti sikkhati,sukhapatisamvedi passasissamiti sikkhat.
3. Cittasankharam patisamvedi assasissamiti sikkhati,cittasankharam patisamvedi passasissamiti sikkhati,
4. Passambhayam cittasankharam assasissamitisikkhati, passambhayam cittasankharam passasissamitisikkhati.
1. What is meant by "experiencing rapture"(pitipatisamvedi) is putting forth effort, when the counterpartsign appears, until the first and second jhanas are attained, inwhcih rapture (piti) predominates.
2. What is meant by "experiencing happiness"(sukhapatisamvedi) is putting forth effort until the third jhana isattained, in which happiness (sukha) predominates.
3. What is meant by "experiencing the mental functions"(cittasankharam patisamvedi) is putting forth effort until thefourth jhana is attained, in which the mental function(cittasankhara) of equanimous feeling (upekkha vedana) pre-dominates.
4. What is meant by "allaying and calming down themental functions" (passambhayam cittasankharam) putting fortheffort to allay and calm down the coarse feelings (vedana) andperceptions (sañña)
The Commentary associates this tetred with full absorp-
21"r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/
THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A - NA
- PA
- NA DI
-PANI
-
usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf
q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;awmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaom
yge'DyeD
NA DI-PANI
-
R
FULNESS OF BREATHINGy
Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service.
tion in jhana, but the experience of rapture, joy, and calm is alsoassociated with the access to jhana (upacara-jhana) attainedafter the first appearance of the counterpart sign.
This ends the second tetrad.XII
The Third TetradI shall now show the third tetrad of the sutta, which
gives the practice when entering jhana or full absorption.1. "Experiencing the mind (consciousness), I will exhale
and inhale," thus he trains himself.2. "Making the mind extremely delighted, I will exhale
and inhale," thus he trains himself.3. "Making the mind extremely concentrated, I will ex-
hale and inhale," thus he trains himself.4. "Freeing the mind (from the defilements, hindrances,
etc.), I will exhale and inhale," thus he trains himself.1. Cittapatisamvedi assasissamiti sikkhati,
cittapatisameavedi passasissamiti sikkhati.2. Abhippamodayam cittam assasissamiti sikkhati,
abhippamodayam cittam passasissamiti sikkhati.3. Samadaham cittam assasissamiti sikkhati,
samadaham cittam passasissamiti sikkhati.4. Vimocayam cittam assasissamiti sikkhati,
vimocayam cittam passasissamiti ksikkhati.1. "Perceiving the mind" (citta-patisamvedi) means
entering the four jhanas repetedly in order to make the percep-tion of the mind extremely clear.
2. "Making the mind extremely delighted"(abhippamodayam cittam) means that when the perception ofthe mind is extremely clear, one makes the mind extremely de-lighted by repeatedly entering the first and second jhanas (whichare associated with rapture, piti).
3. "Making the mind extremely concentrated"(samadaham cittam) means that when the mind is extremely de-lighted, one makes the mind extremely concentrated by enteringthe third and fourth jhanas.
4. "Freeing the mind" (vimocayam cittam) means free-ing the mind of obstacles by repeatedly entering the four jhanas.
pdwåocFg&udk/ yórÇ,H- yórÇ,aEÅm? tpOftwkdif;csKyfNidrf;apvsuf/
yóodómrd? 0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(¤if; 'kwd, pwkuúteuf)
t"dyÜm,fum;-
1/ yxrtcef;rSm- xdky#dbm* edrdwftm½Hkü yDwdvGefuJaom ½lyg0p&
yxrpsmefç 'kwd,psmef jzpfaprIonf yDwdudk xif&Sm;aprIrnf\/
2/ 'kwd,tcef;rSm- xdky#dbm* edrdwftm½Hkü okcvGefuJaom wwd,
psmefudk jzpfaprIonf okcudk xif&Sm;aprIrnf\/
3/ wwd,tcef;rSm- xdky#dbm* edrdwftm½Hkü Oayu©ma0'em[laom
pdwåocFg& xif&Sm;aom pwkw¬psmefudk jzpfaprIonf pdwåocFg&udk
xif&Sm;aprIrnf\/
4/ pwkw¬tcef;rSm- ½kefY&if;aom a0'emç onmwdkYudk tqihfqihf
csKyfNidrf;aptHh[k tm;xkwfrIonf pdwåocFg&udk csKyfNidrf;aprIrnf\/
þpwkuúudk t|uxmwdkYü tyÜempsmeft&müxm;í zGihfMu
ukef\/ y#dbm*edrdwf ckdifNrJpGm&NyD;aomtcgrSpí Oypm&psmeft&mü
vnf; pdwfESpfNcdKufrIxif&Sm;atmif tm;xkwfrnf/ pdwf\ at;csrf;rI
xif&Sm;atmif tm;xkwfrnf tp&Sdaom tpDt&ifonf jzpfoihf&myg\/
'kwd,pwkuúenf; NyD;\/
(14) wwd,pwkuúenf;
,cktcgü xdktyÜempsmefwdkYudk 0ifpm;rIü usihf&maom wwd,
pwkuúudk xkwfjyaytHh/
(1) yxrcef;-
pdwåyÜ#doHa0'D tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
pdwåyÜ#doHa0'D yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(2) 'kwd,cef;-
tbdyÜarm',H pdwåH tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
tbdyÜarm',H pdwåH yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(3) wwd,cef;-
orm'[H pdwåH tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
orm'[H pdwåH yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(4) pwkw¬cef;-
0darmp,H pdwåH tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
0darmp,H pdwåH yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
pmrsufESm 24 odkY
uRefr wpfaeYaomeHeufcif; a&'D,kd
(F.M) ukd zGihfMunfhvkdufaomtcg ]]½kyfudkvnf;
jyif pdwfvnf;jyif jyKjyifwkdif;& jyifwkdif;vS
okc edAÁmefwdkifvdrhfr,f}} qkdwJh "r®ESihfpyfaom
oDcsif;av;ukd Mum;&ygw,f/ oDcsif;&JUpmom;
av;[m uRefr OD;acgif;rSm tawG;rsm;pGm
0ifvmcJh&ygw,f/
vlwdkif; aeYpOftcsdef&orQ ½kyfvkd Y
ac:qkd? cEmukd,fukd tvSjyifaeMuwm awGU&
ygw,f/ qHzsm;rS ajczsm;xd? qHyifukd tvSjyif?
rsufESmudk tvSjyif? cE¨mukd,fudk tvSjyif?
ajconf;vufonfrsm;ygrusef tvSjyifum
rSefukd xyfcgxyfcgMunhfaewwfMuygw,f/
tvSjyifaeol[m ]]ihgudkvnf;MunhfygOD;? vS&JU
vm;? b,fvdkaevJ}} vdkY ar;wwfMuygw,f/
tar;cH&olu vSw,fvkdYajymrS oabmus
ygw,f/
½kyfud ktvSjyifaeMuayr,hf ol
igwdkif; pdwfudk tvSjyifzdk Y arhaewwfMu
ygw,f/ ½kyfukd tvSjyifjcif;[m wpfcP
om vSayr,hf xm0&rvSEkdifyg/ pdwfudk
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bk&m;*kPfyGm;? owå0grsm;tay: arwåmyGm;?
22"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/
DHAMMA DEW
rdrd&JUcE¨m&Sd jzpfysufaerIukd ÓPfodr*fjzpfae
ap&ef jrifatmifMunhf½I yGm;rsm;aezkd YygyJ/
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pdwfrSm tukodkvftnpfaMu;rsm; npfayae
ovm;qkdwmudkawmh uRefrwdkY tcsdef,lum
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jrwfpGmbk&m; a0VK0efausmif;rSm
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omraPav;ukd ]]&m[kvm vlawG bm
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rSef}} ukdMunhfzdk Y rdefYjcif;jzpfygw,f/
jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemrSm ]]w&m;rSef}}
Munhfum pdwfukdom tvSjyif w&m;udef;í
udavomtylrsm; uif;pifoGm;wJ h uRefr
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q&mawmf BuD;wpfyg; xif& Sm;c J hygw,f/
omoemawmfESpfajcmuf&mwGif;uayhg/ c&pf
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cefYrSef;Muygw,f/
oD&dvuFmEkdifiH awmifbuftpGef;
'k|*grPdrif;BuD;pkd;pHwJh r[m*grNrKdUqkdwm &SdcJh
w,f/ tckacwfawmh tJ'DNrKdUukd r*"NrKdUvdkY
ac:Muygw,f/ t&Sifr[moD0 q&mawmfBuD;
tJ'DNrKdUajrmufbuf r[mapwDwnf&Sd&m wdó
r[m&mrausmif;rSm oDwif;okH;awmfrlygw,f/
*kdPf;BuD; (18)*kdPf;&JU oHCmawGudkvnf; aeYpOf
pm0gydkYcsaeygw,f/ q&mawmfBuD; Mo0g'cH,l
NyD; w&m;tm;xkwfMuwm wynhf&[EÅm (3)
aomif;jzpfvmcJhygw,f/ wynhfrsm; &[EÅm
rsm;jzpfMuayr,hf q&mawmfBuD;uawmh udav
omawGESih f ylavmifaewJh ykxkZOftqihfyJ
&Sdygao;w,f/
wpfaeY wynhf &[EÅm(3)aomif;
xJu q&mhaus;Zl; txl;odwJh &[EÅmwpfyg;
u rdrdq&m&JUw&m;tqihfudk tbdnOfÓPfeJY
qifjcifMunhfw,f/ rdrdq&m ykxkZOfb0yJ
&Sdao;wmukd odoGm;w,f/ tJ'Dtcg q&mh
aus;Zl;qyfzdkY q&mawmfBuD;&Sd&m vmcJhygw,f/
q&mawmfBuD;xHa&mufawmh &Sdckd;um avQmuf
xm;ygw,f/ ]]q&mawmf wynhfawmfuk d
tEkarm'em w&m;wpfyk'f oifay;ygbk&m;}} vdkY
avQmufw,f/ q&mawmfBuD;\ ihg&Siftm;
oifay;Ek difwJ htcsdefr&S dbl;/ b,ftcsdefrSm
'g,um? 'g,dumrrsm;ukd qkH;r&w,f[k
rdef Yawmfrlw,f/ q&mawmf rsufESmopfNyD;
jyefvmwJhtcg? tcef;xJcPtem;,l xkdifae
wJhtcg oifay;ygbk&m;vkdY avQmufxm;w,f/
b,fvkdyif avQmufxm;aomfvnf; q&m
awmfBuD;u b,ftcsdefrSmrS rtm;bl;vdk YyJ
rdefYowJh/
wynh f&[EÅmu ] ]q&mawmf
w&m;r Se fE Si h f cE ¨m& S d jzp fysufaerIuk d
ÓPfodr*f jzpfaeap&ef jrifatmifMunhf
odatmifusihf oihfygw,f/ 'Dwd kif;qk d&if
aozkdYtcsdefyif r&Sdjzpfawmhr,f/ q&mawmf[m
½kyfudkvnf;jyif pdwfvnf;jyif
oGJUoGJUat;(usdKufra&m)
pmrsufESm 24 odkY
23"r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/
TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA
(,ciftywfrStquf)
jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü
t&n0goDawm&yfrS Dvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom
r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f
a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlaom "ar®m0g'uxm
omoemawmfBuD;
\
a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f
(omoem jyKvkyfief;tydkif;)
omoemhtarGcHoHk;rsK d;
omoemawmftwGif; csif;eif;vsufu
omoemhtarGcH,lolrsm;üvnf; oHk;rsKd;yif uGJjym;aeacs\/
¤if;wdkYrSm
1/ tmrdo'g,m' ypönf;tarGudkom cH,lolu wpfrsKd;?
2/ "r®'g,m' w&m;tarGudkom cH,loluwpfrsKd;
3/ tmrdo"r®'g,m' ypönf;a&m w&m;yg cH,lolu wpfrsKd;
[líyif/
xdkwGif....
rdrdvnf;usihf trsm;udkvnf;usihfapaom acgif;aqmifaumif;
rsm;\ omoemjyKvkyfief;rsm;üom omoemhtarGcHaumif;rsm; &Sdwwf
vSpGm\/
xdktarGcHaumif;rsm;onf
w&m;tarGudkom 0dkif;tHkaygif;pHk vufqufcH,lrIudk jyKpkMu
NyD;vQif o'gajrz0g;vrf; ynmajcqefYwef;vsufu ajzmihfrwfpGm a&SUc&D;
tNyD;qufMu&m omoemawmf\ toa&awmfudk pdkjynfyGifhopfap\/
bk&m;&Sif\ tay: rysufaomt,Hkjzihf yHk\/
bk&m;&Sif\ pum;awmftay: rysufaomt,Hkjzihf yHk\/
ig\ þtouf þcE¨monf omoemtwGufjzpfaptHh[l
aom &Jwif;aom qHk;jzwfcsufudk ydkifEkdifpGmcs\/
þodkYaom omoemrsKd;onfom tyifvnf; ydk;rxdk; t&Guf
vnf; rn§dK;aom omoemrsKd;wnf;/
wpfzef acgif;aqmifum; nHh? aemufvdkufvnf; roefYaom
omoemjyKvkyfief;rsKd;ü....
(u)/ wPSma*g[ a0ae,swdkYtm; wPSmjzihf zrf;pm;jcif;?
(c)/ rme*g[ a0ae,swdkYtm; rmejzihf zrf;pm;jcif;?
(*)/ 'd|d*g[ a0ae,swdkYtm; 'd|djzihf zrf;pm;jcif;?
xdk yyÍöoHk;cif; tvsOf;ruif;wwfMu&um; tmrdo'g,m'
ac: ypönf;vmbfoyÜum ta`cGt&Hponf jyifyrQudkom cH,lwwfvS
pGm\/
odkYaMumihf....rdrdvnf;rusihf trsm;wdkYudkvnf; w&m;usihf&ef
rwdkufwGef; omoem0ifav;rsdK;wdkYwGif trSwf(4) vrf;pOftwdkif;wnf;/
xdkodkYaom omoemjyKvkyfief;rsm;ü
omoemawmfonf wdk;íum; vmrnfr[kwfNyD/ nd§K;íqdk;í
vmacs&m\/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf
q&m'umtcsif;csif; cifrifrIjzihf zrf;xm;aom tvkyf rMum
rDykyfwwfaomaMumihfwnf;/
q&mwumtcsif;csif; txifBuD;aprIjzihf zrf;xm;aom
tvkyf rMumrD o½kyfay:wwfaomaMumihfwnf;/
q&m'umtcsif;csif; igydkifigpGJwdk Yjzihf odrf;ydkufxm;aom
txkyf rMumrD ajyavsmhusoGm;wwfaomaMumihfwnf;/
xdkomoemjyKrsKd;wdkY pka0;&m ae&monf
a&S;a&S;wdkY udk,fESihftouf riJhuGufbJ vufqufvuf,Suf
wdkYjzihf o,f,lvmcJhaom omoemudk vufvufcsif;urf; 0if,lxrf;
&ef rBudK;yrf;bJ aemufrSvdkufvsuf ajcjzihfeif;zsufonfhyrm t½kyfqdk;
tusnf;wefap&m\/ þae&m0,f omoemjyKvkyfief;[lí omrefqdk
xm;ojzihf vltrsm;a&m &Sif&[ef;rsm;yg yg0ifywfoufaeygonfudk
txl;owdjyKygav/
xdkomoemjyKvkyfief;rsKd;onfvnf;
vloHk;yg;wdkY tm;xm;rSDcdk&m tppfrjzpfawmhNyD/ t,Hkrdí yHkrd
avol a&vdkufrSm; ig;yrm udk,fusKd;enf;zdkYom &Sdacsonf/ tjyKESihf
tjyKcH evefxlEkdif&ef vrf;pwnf; rjrifawmhygNyD/
odkYaMumihf
omoemjyKvkyfief;BuD;rsm;odkY 0ifa&mufxrf;aqmifvkdMuyg
ukefaom olawmfaumif;tpm;pm;wdkYonf
u/ vl? ewfvl? jA[®mvl[lonf vloHk;yg;wdkY tm;xm;&ef
tppfjzpfap&eftwGufvnf;aumif;?
c/ aumif;aom acgif;aqmifwdkY\ aemufvdkufrsm;tjzpf
armfuGef;wGif &pfMuap&eftwGufvnfa;umif;?
,kwfnHhpdwfjzihf tmrdotarGrQudk rcH,lMuygukefvihf/
jrifhjrwfpdwfjzihf trdo-"r®ESpfXme tarGcH,lMuygavukef/
rdrdvnf; oDvwnf odu©mtqifh opömyGihfrsm; yGihfapMuygav
ukef/
olwpfyg;wdkYtm;vnf; oDvwnf odu©mxyf opömav;&yf
uyfcsOhfay;Muygavukef/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf)
24
]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/
DHAMMA TALKS
ysOfcsyfBuD;vdkyJ olwpfyg; rSD&m omjzpfw,f/
rdrdukd,fukdawmh rSD&mrjzpfyg/ q&mawmfxHu
w&m;oifzdkY tvdkr&Sdyg}} [k qkdNyD; psmefjzihf
aumif;uifu ysH<uoGm;ygowJh/ tJ'DtcgrS
q&mawm f Bu D ;u i h gwynh f ig hq Du
w&m;oifz k d Yvmc J hwm r[kwfbl;/ i h gud k
c s dw fc Re f ;oz G, f vmu,f wmy Jv d k Y
oHa0*BuD;pGm&ygw,f/
wynhfrsm; pm0gydkYcsNyD; oydwfouFef;
rsm;,lum b,fwynhfrStodray;bJ &GmteD;
awmifcsKdihfBuD;rSm awmxGufcJhygw,f/ q&m
awmfBuD; awmxGufwJhtcsdef[m 0gqkdvqef;
(13) &ufaeYjzpfygw,f/ q&mawmfBuD;u
(2)&uf(3) &ufeJY &[EÅmjzpfum &[EÅmb0eJY
rdrdpmcsaewJhausmif;rSm 0gjyefqkdr,fvdkY pdwful;
cJhw,f/
'gayr,hf q&mawmfBuD; (3)&uf
w&m;tm;xkwfwmawmif w&m;xl;r&cJhygbl;/
w&m;xl;r&wJhtcg q&mawmfBuD;u tdyfvSJ
jcif;rjyKbJ &yf xkdif oGm; £&d,mykxf(3)yg;ESihf
w&m;ukdom rSefrSef½IMunhfaeygw,f/
q&mawmfBuD;u ig pdwfukd tvS
rjyifEkdifao;í cEmukd,fBuD;ukd ajcvufaq;
jcif;wdkYjzihf tvSrjyifawmhyg[k qkH;jzwfum
]]w&m;rSef}} ESihf cEm&Sd jzpfysufaerIukd ÓPfodr*f
jzpfaeap&ef jrifatmifMunhf odatmifusifh
aeygowJh/ ½kyfukdtvSrjyifbJ pdwfudkom
tvSjyif NyD; aevmwm ESpfaygif;(30)MumrS
y#dorÇd'g av;yg;ESihfwuG &[EÅmjzpfoGm;yg
owJh/
q&mawmfBuD; &[EÅmjzpfwJhaeYrSmyJ
wynhf&[EÅmrsm;u q&mawmfBuD; w&m;
tqihfukd todÓPfESihf MunhfMuygw,f/ q&m
awmfBuD; &[EÅmjzpfrSef; odoGm;MuwJhtcg
ESpfaygif;(30) ½kyfudkrjyif pdwfudkomjyifvmcJh
wJh q&mawmfBuD;tm; a&csKd;? ajcvufaq;ay;
jcif;? a0,sm0pöjyKzkdY jyifMuygw,f/
od Mum;rif;uvnf; ol\ae&m
y@KurÁvm ylwif;vmvkdY ewfrsufpdESihf vlYjynf
udkMunhfwJhtcg q&mawmfBuD; t&Sifr[moD0
&[EÅmjzpfoGm;wmukd jrifygw,f/ odMum;rif;
[m ZeD; okZmwmukd ac:NyD; q&mawmfBuD;
a0,sm0pöukokdvf,lzdkY vlYjynfukdvmcJhygw,f/
q&mawmfBuD;tm; &Sdckd;um a0,sm0pöukodkvf
,lyg&ap[k avQmufxm;ygw,f/
q&mawmfBuD;u ]][Jh odMum; ighcEm
ukd,fBuD;u ESpfaygif;(30) a&rcsKd;? ajcvuf
rsufESm raq;aMumbJ pdwfudkom tvSjyifcJh
w,f? ighem;ruyfeJY? oifwdkYewfawGu vlwdkY&JU
teHY ,lZemwpf&muawmif eHw,fqkd ihgem;
ruyfeJY}} [k rdefYwJhtcg odMum;rif;u ]]q&m
awmf&JU ESpfaygif;(30) ½kyfudk tvSrjyifEkdifvkdY
eHwJhteHY[m 'Dem;rSmygbk&m;/ q&mawmf&JU
ESpfaygif;(30)pdwfudk tvSjyifcJhwJh oDvorm"d
ynm&eYH[m wynfhawmfwdkY wm0wd Homukd
ausmfum txufb0*fwkdifatmif jyefYvGihf
aeygNyDbk&m;}} [k avQmufxm;ygw,f/ q&m
awmfBuD;udk ajcvuf rsufESm aq;aMumay;NyD;
a0,sm0pöukodkvf,lum ewfjynfodkY jyefoGm;
ygowJh/
azmfjyyg 0w¦Kav;rS q&mawmfBuD;
onf ESpfaygif;(30)Mum pdwfudktvSjyifcJhí
w&m;udef;um udavomtylrsm; Nidrf;at;NyD;
csrf;omtppfukd &&SdoGm;wm awGU&ygw,f/
rdrdcE¨m? t0wfwefqm tdyf&m?
ae&m ponfh ½kyfypönf;rsm;ukd rMumcP uRefr
tvSjyifavh&Sdygw,f/ 'gayr,hf pdwfudk tvS
jyifcJhaom q&mawmfBuD;taMumif;od&wJhtcg
txl;yif MunfnKdrdygw,f/ uRefrukd,fuRefr
wpfaeY pdwfudk b,fESpfcgtvSjyifjzpfovJvkdY
jyefar;rdygw,f/ ½kyfudktvSjyifovkd pdwfudk
vnf; tvSjyifyg[k uRefrukd,fuRefr owday;
aerdygw,f/
pmzwfolwdkYvnf; wpfaeYESpfcgokH;cg
½kyfvSzdk Y uRefrvdkyJ ]]rSef}} MunfhjzpfMur,f
xifygw,f/ uRefrwdkY pdwfvSzdkY wpfaeYokH;cg
]]w&m;rSef}} Munhfjzpfatmif BuKd;pm;MuygpdkY/
uRefrwdkY½kyfudkvnf; jyif? pdwfudkvnf; jyifMu
r,fqkd&if jyifwkdif;vSNyD; b0awG at;jrMu&rSm
jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh ½kyfudkvnf;jyif pdwfudk
vnf;jyifMuygpdk Yvkd Y uRefr wdkufwGef;vkduf&
ygw,f/ pmukd; oD[kdVfr[m0if0w¦K
oGJUoGJUat;
(wwd, pwkuú ygVdawmf)
(1) pdwåyÜ#doHa0'D? pdwfudk xif&Sm;apí/ tóodómrd?
xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/ pdwåyÜ#doHa0'D?
pdwfudk xif&Sm;apí/ yóodómrd? 0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/
odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(2) pdwåH? pdwfudk/ tbdyÜarm',H? tvGef&Tifvef;apvsuf/
tóodómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
pdwåH? pdwfudk/ tbdyÜarm',H? tvGef&Tifvef;apvsuf/ yóod ómrd?
0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(3) pdwåH? pdwfudk/ orm'[H? aumif;pGmwnfMunfapvsuf/
tóodómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
pdwåH? pdwfudk/ orm'[H? aumif;pGmwnfMunfapvsuf/ yóodómrd?
0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(4) pdwåH? pdwfudk/ 0darmp,H? eD0&P paom ½kefY&if;aom
w&m;wdkYrS uRwfvGwfapvsuf/ tóodómrd? xGufouf vTwfaytHh/
£wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/ pdwåH? pdwfudk/ 0darmp,H? eD0&P
paom ½kef Y&if;aomw&m;wdk YrS uRwfvGwfapvsuf/yóodómrd?
0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(¤if; wwd, pwkuúteuf)
The Commentery associates this tetrad too with jahnicabosrption, though it contains practices associated with the ac-cess to jhana as well.
This ends the third tetrad.(To Be Continue)
1/ yxrtcef;rSm- pdwf\txl;xif&Sm;jcif;udkjzpfapjcif;iSm? xdktm½Hkü
psmefav;yg;udk tzefzef0ifpm;rIonf ]]pdwåyÜ#doHa0'D}} rnf\/
2/ 'kwd,tcef;rSm- pdwftxl;xif&Sm;NyD;aemuf pdwfudktxl;&Tifvef;
apjcif;ç yDwdESihf,SOfaom yxrpsmefç 'kwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;rIonf ]]tbdyÜ
arm',H pdwåH} rnf\/
3/ wwd,tcef;rSm- pdwftxl;&Tifvef;NyD;aemuf txl;wnfMunfap
jcif;iSm wwd,psmefç pwkw¬psmefudk0ifpmr;Ionf ]]orm'[H pdwåH}} rnf\/
4/ pwkw¬tcef;rSm- pdwfudk y#dyu©w&m;wdkYrS txl;vGwfuif;apjcif;
iSm psmefav;yg;udk tzefzef0ifpm;rIonf ]]0darmp,H pdwåH}} rnf\/
þpwkuúudkvnf; t|uxmwdkYü tyÜempsmefwdkYudk 0ifpm;rI
rSmxm;í zGihfMuukef\/ Oypm&psmefvnf; &oihf&myg\/
wwd,pwkuúenf; NyD;\/
(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)
pmrsufESm 21 rStquf
pmrsufESm 22 rS
25
ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/
COVER SPECIAL FEATURES
rsufESmzk H;rS
pdwfrwnfNidrfaom &[ef;(pdwå[w¬rax&f)
te0|dw pdwåó tp&Sdaom "r®y'ygVdawmf *gxmtrSwf
38-39? þ"r®a'oemawmfudk jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf om0wd¬jynf aZw
0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlpOf pdwå[w¬rax&fudk taMumif;
jyKí a[mMum;awmfrlonf/
om0wd¬jynfwGif aeavh&Sdaom trsKd;aumif;om;wpfa,muf
onf aysmufavNyD;aom EGm;wdkYudk &SmrSD;vsuf awmodkY0ifonf&Sdaomf
rGef;wnfhaom tcgüEGm;wdkYudkawGUjrifí EGm;taygif;wdkYudk vTwfxm;cJhNyD;
vQif pifppfrcRwf? t&Sifaumif;wdkY\ txHü tpmtm[m&udk &vwåHU
[k qmavmifrGwfodyfjcif;jzihf ESdyfpuftyfonfjzpfí ausmif;odkY 0ifoGm;
NyD;vQif &[ef;wdkY\ txHodkYoGm;í &Sdcdk;NyD; oihfwifhavsmufywfaom
t&yfü xdkifae\/ xdktcg &[ef;wdkY pm;í ydkvGef<uif;usefaompm;<uif;
xrif;onf pm;<uif;xnhfaomcGufü &Sday\/
&[ef;wdkYonf qmavmifrGwfodyfjcif;jzihf ESdyfpufjyif;xefpGm
a&mufvmaom xdk'g,umudkjrifí þt&yfrS xrif;,lí pm;avmh[k
qdkukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; oufawmfxif&Sm;&Sdawmfrlaom xdktcgwGif
um; rsm;pGmukefaom prJ[if;vsm xrif;wdkYonf rsm;pGmjzpfay\/
EGm;ausmif;a,musfm;c&D;oGm;onf? xdkpm;<uif;pm;cGufrS rQavmuf½Hk
aom xrif;[if;wdkYudk,lNyD; pm;aomufí a&udkaomufNyD;vQif vufwdkY
udk aq;aMumokwfoifNyD;aomf &[ef;wdkYudk &Sdcdk;í ]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY t&Sif
jrwfwdkYonf ,aeYyifhzdwf&mt&yfodkY <uMuygukefoavm}} [k ar;avQmuf
\/
&[ef;wdkYu ]'g,um? igwdkYum; yifhzdwftyfaom t&yfonf
r&Sd/ þodkYaomtrSwfjzihf tNrJrjywf &ukef\} [k rdefYMum;Muav\/
xdktcg xdka,musfm;onf þodkYqifjcifav\/ ]igwdkYonf 0D&d,udk
jzpfapNyD; aeYnOfhywfvHk;tNrJrjywf trIudpöwdkYudk jyKvkyfygukefaomf vnf;
þodkYoabm&Sdaom prJ[if;vsmxrif;wdkYudk r&Muavukef/ þ&[ef;
wdkYonfum; tNrJrjywf oHk;aqmif&ayukefowwf/ igYtm; vl\ tjzpf
ESihf tb,ftusKd;&SdtHhenf;? &[ef;jzpfawmhtHh} [kBuHí &[ef;wdkY\ txH
odkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif &[ef;tjzpfudk awmif;yefav\/
xdktcg EGm;ausmif;om; a,musfm; c&D;oGm; 'g,umudk &[ef;
wdkYonf &[ef;jyKapMuukef\/ xdka,musfm;onf &tyfNyD;aom &[ef;
yÍÆif;tjzpf&Sdonfjzpfí cyfodrf;aom tjym;&Sdaom 0wfBuD;0wfi,fwdkY
udk jyKav\/
xdk&[ef;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmfü jzpfay:yGm;rsm;
aom vmbfylaZmfouúm±aomuf&onfjzpfí ESpf&ufoHk;&ufjzihf
omvQif xlxJ0NzKdk;aom udk,f&Sdonfjzpfav\/ xdkaemufrS tBuHjzpf
onfrSm ]]igYtm; qGrf;tvdkYiSm vSnhfvnfí touf&Snfojzihf tb,f
tusKd;&SdwHktHhenf;/ vljzpfawmhtHh}} [kBuHí xdk&[ef;onf vlxGufum
tdrfodkY jyefav\/
tdrfü trIBuD;trIi,fwdkYudk vkyfudkif&aom xdka,musfm;tm;
ESpf&ufoHk;&ufjzihfom udk,ftqif;oP²mefonf nd§K;EGrf;av\/ xdkYaemuf
]igYtm; þodkYaom qif;&JNidKjiifyifyef;jcif;jzihf tb,fodkY tusKd;&SdtHhenf;?
&[ef;jzpfawmhtHh} [kBuHNyD; wzef &[ef;jyKav\/ xdk&[ef;onf
ESpf&ufoHk;&ufudk vGefajrmufapí wpfzef vlxGufjyefav \/
The Fickle - minded monk (Citta Hatta)
While residing at the Jetavana monastery, the Buddhauttered Verse (38) and (39) of the Suttanta Pitaka, KhuddakaNikaya, DHAMMAPADA, (The Highly Treasured book), Chap-ter III, The mind (Cittavagga), Cittahatthatthera Vatthu, with ref-erence to Thera Cittahattha.
A man from Savatthi, after looking for his lost ox in theforest, felt very hungry and went to a village monastery, wherehe was given some food to eat.
While taking his food, it occurred to him that eventhough he worked hard every day, he could not get such goodfood and that it might be a good idea to become a monk.
So he asked the bhikkhus to admit him into the Order. Atthe monastery, he performed the duties of a bhikkhu and as therewas plenty of food he soon gained weight.
After some time, he got weary of going round foralmsfood and returned to the life of a layman. A few days later, hefelt that life at home was too strenuous and he went back to themonastery to be admitted as a bhikkhu for a second time.
For a second time, he left the Order and returned tohome-life. Again, he went back to the monastery for a third timeand left it.
This shutting process went on for six times, and be-cause he acted only according to his whims, he was known asCitta Hatta, while he was going back and forth between his homeand the monastery, his wife became pregant.
He was actually not ready for renunciation but he joinedthe Order for his convenience. As a result he was not happyeither as a monk or as a layman.
One day, during his last stay at home, he happened toenter the bedroom, while his wife was asleep. She was fast asleepsnoring loudly and saliva was trickling down her mouth. Seeingher with her mouth open, he realised the unpleasant nature of thebody, and he reflected, 'I have been a bhikkhu for several time butI have not been able to remain in the robe because of my attrac-tion for this woman.'
Hence, taking the yellow robe with him he left his homefor the monastery for the seventh time. As he went along herepeated the words "impermanence" and "unsatisfactoriness"and thus attained the first stage of sainthood on the way themonastery.
On arrival at the monastery, he requested the bhikkhusto admit him into the Order. They refused and soid. "We cannotadmit you anymore. You have been shaving your head so oftenthat your head is like a whetting stone."
Since he persisted with his request, the bhikkhusreleanted, and he was readmitted into the Order. Wittin a fewdays, Citta Hattha attained Arahanthood.
Other bhikkhus, seeing him staying on for along time inthe monastery, were surprised and they asked him the reason.
He replied, "I went home when I still had attanchment inme, but now the attachment has been cut off."
The bhikkhus reported the matter to the Buddha whoreplied.
From the Infront cover
26 umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/
COVER SPECIAL FEATURES
xdkrSESpf&ufoHk;&ufaeí &[ef;0wfjyef\/ þodkYaom tjcif;t&m
tm;jzihf ajcmufBudrfwdkifwdkif &[ef;jyKí vlxGufav\/
&[ef;wdkYonf xdk&[ef;BuD;tm; þolonf pdwfudk tvdkvdkuf
onfjzpfí vSnhfvnfavonf[k? pdwå[w¬rax&f[laom trnfudk
ay;Muukef\/ xdk&[ef;onf vlxGufacs? &[ef;jyKacsjzihf vJvS,fvSnhf
vnfpOfyifvQif r,m;tm; udk,f0efwnfav\/ xdk&[ef;onf ckepf
Budrfajrmufaom tvSnhfü awmrSv,fxGefNyD;í xGefwHk;paom v,fvkyf
ypönf;wdkYudk,lí tdrfodkYvmcJhNyD;aomf rdrd\ ouFef;udk ,ltHhaomiSm
wdkufcef;odkY0if\/
xdkcPü tdrf&Sifjzpfaom r,m;onf avsmif;vsuf tdyfaysmf
aeav\/ xdkodkY tdyfaysmfaeaom r,m;\ udk,f0wfonf uif;vGwf
uRwfxGufíae\/ yg;pyfrS t&dt&GJwdkYonf ,dkpD;xGufusae\/ ESmacgif;
rSvnf; ½Iwf½Iwfrnf\/ cHwGif;onf [if;vif;yGihfaeav\/
xdktcg trsKd;aumif;om;a,musfm;onf xdkr,m;ü zl;zl;
a,mifaom ]olaumif;ykyf} uJhodkYxif\/ xdka,musfm;onf þ0w¬Konf
um; tedpö? 'ku©onfjzpfacsonfwum;[laom onmudk&í ]igonf
þrQavmuftwdkif; t&Snf&Sdaom umvywfvHk; &[ef;jyKNyD; þrdef;rudk
rSDí &[ef;\tjzpfüwnfwHhjcif;iSmrpGrf;EkdifyJ&Sdavonf} [kqdkrnfum
ouFef;udkudkif,lí &ifüzGJUNyD;vQif tdrfrSxGufíoGm;av\/
xdkodkYxGufoGm;onfudk a,mu®rjzpfolujrifav\/ tb,f
aMumihfxGufoGm;onfudk pl;prf;vdkí orD;\aetdrfodkY0ifíMunhfonf
&Sdaomf tdyfaysmfaeaom orD;jzpfoludkjrifav\/ om;rufonf þodkY
jzpfaomtjcif;t&mudkjrifí ESvHk;roufomonfjzpfNyD; xGufoGm;jcif;
jzpfonfudkodí orD;udk ykwfcwfEdI;í eif\cifyGef;vifonf nD;tdyfaysmf
aeyHkudkMunhfNyD; ESvHk;rom,monfjzpfí xGufoGm;avNyD? ,cktcdsefrS
pí nD;ESihfaygif;oif;qufqHjcif;&Sdawmhrnfr[kwf[kajymqdkav\/
xdkorD;uvnf; rdcifNidrfNidrfomaeavmh? xdkol\oGm;jcif;onf
ESpf&ufoHk;&ufMumvQif wzefjyefvmvdrhfrnf[k qdk\/ pdwå[w¬trnf
&aom xdkvlxGufa,musfm;onf tedpö? 'ku©[k EIwfu &Gwfqdkí vGefpGm
pufqkyfNiD;aiGUpGm oGm;aepOfwGifyif aomwmywdåzdkvfodkYa&mufav\/
xdka,musfm;onf ausmif;odkYoGm;a&mufí &[ef;wkdYudk ½dkao
jrwfEdk;&Sdcdk;NyD;vQif &[ef;tjzpfodkY jyKay;&ef awmif;yef\/ igwdkYonf
toihfudk&[ef;jyKay;jcif;iSm rpGrf;EkdifMuukef/ toihftm; &[ef;\
tjzpfonf tb,frSm&SdygtHhenf;/ toif\ OD;acgif;rsufESmwdkYonf
"m;wdkYjzihf yGwfaoG;tyfonfjzpfí ajymifajymifawmufaom ausmufESihf
wlonfjzpfí t&Sufr&SdvSacswum;[kqdkMuavukef\/
]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY ,cktcg wynhfawmfwdkYudk wpfBudrfom vQif
&[ef;jyKawmfrl Muygukefavmh}} [k avQmufMum;awmif;yef\/
&[ef;wdkYuvnf; xdka,musfm;\ aus;Zl;taxmuftyHhrsm;vSaom
tpGrf;jzihf &[ef;jyKay;Muukef\/ xdk&[ef;onf ESpf&ufoHk;&ufcsif;jzihf
omvQif y#dordÇ'gwdkYESihfwuG t&[wåzdkvfodkYqdkufa&mufav\/ &[ef;
"Citta Hattha's mind was not steadfast at that time andhe did not understand the Dhamma, But now he is already anArahant. He has discarded all his attachment."
Then the Buddha spoken in verse as follows:38. He whose mind is not steadfast, he who knows not thetrue doctrine, he whose confidence waverse- the wisdom of sucha one will never be perfect.39. He whose mind is not soaked (by lust), he who is notaffected (by hatred), he who has transcended both good andevil- for such a vigilant one there is no fear.
At the end of the discourse many attained SotapattiFruition.
Nyain Chan Oo.
wdkYonfvnf; xdkrax&fudk avQmufqdkMuukef\/ ]]igY&Sif pdwå[w¬ toif
oGm;tHhaom tcsdeftcgudk toifomvQif odavavmh/ þtvSnhf
tBudrftcgü toihftm; MumjrifhvSayonfwum;}} [k ajymqdkMuukef\/
]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY xdktcgu udk,fvufESD;aESma&m,Sufjcif;&Sd
aom umvüoGm;cJhonfjzpfyg\/ ,cktcg wynhfawmfonf udk,fvuf
ESD;aESma&m,Sufjcif;udk jzwfcJhygNyDbk&m;/ ,cktcgrlum; roGm;jcif;
oabm &Sdonfjzpfyg\}} [kavQmufMum;\/
xdktcg &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;&SiftxHawmfodkY oGm;Mu
í xdk&[ef;ESihf ywfoufNyD; avQmufxm;Muav\/ ]]þ&[ef;onf
wynhfawmfwdk Y þodkYqdkukefonf&Sdaomf þtrnf&Sdaom pum;udk
qdkygonf/ t&[wåzdkvfudkajzqdkygonf/ r[kwfrrSefonfudk qdkygonf/
}} [kavQmufMuav\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYavQmufwifaom
pum;udkMum;NyD;aomf þodkY rdefYqdkawmfrlav\/
]]cspfom; &[ef;wdkY oifwdkYqdkwdkif;rSefay\/ ig\om;awmfonf
rdrd\ pdwfwpfpHkwpfckwnf;aomt&mXmeü wnf&yfjcif;r&Sdao;aom
tcg olawmfaumif;w&m;udk rodao;aom umvtm;jzihf þumv
wdkYüom tdrfESihfausmif;udk ranmif;rnm vl;vmwHkYacguf jyefvnf
avQmufjcif;udk jyKay\/ þ,cktcgü xdktrsKd;aumif;om;tm; ukodkvf
aumif;rIudkvnf;aumif;? tukodkvfraumif;rIudkvnf;aumif;? y,ftyf
avNyD}} [krdefYqdkawmfrlNyD;laemuf þ*gxmudk a[mMum;awmfrlonf/
38/ tcd kuftwef Yüwnfaom pdwf&S daom? olawmf
aumif; w&m;ud krodjrifaom? azmufjyefysufp D;vG,faom
o'¨gw&m;&Sdxaom yk*¾dKvftm; avmuDavmukwå&mÓPf ynm
onf rjynhf/
39/ udavomrdk; rpdkaom pdwf&Sdxaom rzsufqD;tyf
aom pdwf&Sdxaom ukokdvf? tukokdvfudky,fNyD;xaom Edk;Mum;
oltm; ab;onfr&Sd/
þa'oemawmfonf rsm;pGmaom vltaygif;wdkYtm; w&m;
xl;tusKd;&Sdonfjzpfav\/
Nidrf;csrf;OD;
27
umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
wefzkd;&Sdaomvl
okw(a&ToHvGif)
wefzkd;[lonf tokH;0if? tusKd;&Sdjcif;
ESihf &Sm;yg;jcif;wdkYtay:wGif wnfrSDaeayonf/
avmuü t&m0w¦KwkdYonf tokH;0ifí tusKd;
&S dygaomfvnf; ae&mwumwGif awGU&S d&?
vG,fulpGm aygrsm;aeygu wefzkd;odyfr&Sd? wefzdk;
rxm;wwfay/ cufcufcJcJESihf BuKHawmihfBuKHcJ
&Sm;yg;aom t&m0w¦Kjzpfygaomfvnf; tokH;
r0if tusKd;r&Sdygu rnfolwpfOD;wpfa,muf
urQ jrwfjrwfEkd;Ekd;ESihf wefzdk;xm;Murnf r[kwf
ay/
obm0ywf0ef;usifwGif vlom;wdkY
twGuf tokH;0iftusKd;&Sdaom pm;yifoD;yif
wdkYonf cufcJyifyef;pGmESihf BuKd;pm;pdkufysKd; ygrS
atmifjrifjzpfxGef;vm&onf/ tvdk tavsmuf
ay:aygufvmaom tokH;0ifí tusKd;&Sdaom
tyi fwd k Yr S mum; tvGe f YtvGe f & Sm ;yg ;
enf;yg;vSayonf/
jrifvG,f xifvG,f odem;vnfvG,f
atmif EIef;,SOfMunhfrnfqkdygu vlYywf0ef;usif
wGif rnfolwpfOD;wpfa,mufurQ jyKpkjcif;?
ysKd;axmifjcif;r&SdygbJ olYtvkdtavsmuf tavh
us aygufa&mufvmaom jrufyif? NcKHyif? ql;yif
ESih f tokH;r0if tusKd;r&Sdonhftyifrsm;u
vlom;wd k YtwGuf pm;0wfaexk di fa&;wGif
tokH;0if tusKd;&Sdí jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;&aom
tyifrsm;xufpmvQif rEIdif;,SOfavmufatmif
tqaygif;rsm;pGm ykdrkdrsm;jym;vsuf&Sdae ayonf/
þum; tokH;0if tusKd;&Sdí &Sm;yg;
jcif;oabmaMumif h wefz k d ; jri h frm;&jcif;
taMumif; wpfpdwfwpfa'oyifjzpfonf/
avmuü obm0"r®jzpfpOft& wefzdk;&Sdaom
t&mrsm;u &Sm;yg;í wefzd k;nHhzsif; tESpf
tom;uif;aom t&mrsm;uom aygrsm;vkdY
aeonf/
vlYb0jzpfpOfüvnf; rdbaumif;ESihf
om;orD;aumif;? q&maumif;ESih f wynhf
aumif;? acgif;aqmifaumif;ESihf aemufvkduf
aumif;wdkYonf rSm;,Gif;cRwfacsmf raumif;rI
aysmfolrsm;ESihf EIdif;,SOfwGufMunhfvkdufygu
ta&twGuf rsm;pGm uGm[aeonfukd awGUjrif
&ygrnf/
xkdYxufydkí trsm;tusKd;udk pdwfyg
0ifpm;pGm OD;pm;ay;aqmif&Gufol? rdrdtusKd;ukd
a&SUwef;rwifolrSm omí ydkí jrifEkdif? awGUEkdif
cJayonf/ trsm;tm;jzihf ]]bk&m;zl;&if; vdyfO
wl;onf r[kwfbJ vdyfOwl;zkdY bk&m;zl;xGuf
[efjyMuonf}} u rsm;aeovm;[k awG;p&m
yif&Sdygonf/
aqmi fy k' fw Gi f ] ]trsm;tusK d ;
aqmif ukd,fhtusKd;atmif}} [k qkdygonf/
vufawGUü ]]ukd,hftusKd;atmifzdk Y trsm;
tusKd;aqmifrvdkY}} qkdaompdwfxm;rsK d;ESih f
ta&SUtaemuf tpOfrrSm;zdkY&efvnf; ta&;BuD;
ygonf/
"r®pmaywGif ]]vl}} [laom o½kyfudk
azmfxkwf&mü ]]ukovm ukoav "ar® rewd
Zm emwDwd rEkaóm}} ukodkvf? tukokdvfwdkYukd
cGJjcm;odwwfaomaMumifh vl/ u&Pm u&PH
rewd ZmemwDwd rEkaóm}} taMumif;[kwf
onf r[kwfonfukd odwwfaomaMumif h
vlrnf\}} [lí azmfjyxm;ygonf/
xkdYaMumihf vlYtzGJUtpnf;twGif;rS
vlom;wdkif;onf rSm;rSefaumif;qkd; taMumif;
tusKd;ukd uGJuGJjym;jym; cGJjcm;odjrifum ypöKyÜef?
tem*wf umvESpfyg;vkH;ukd at;csrf;om,m
vSyatmif tpGrf;ukef BuKd;pm;MuzkdY vdkygonf/
vlom;avmu vlYb0ukd tvSqifvkd
olonf tpdrf;tusuf oabmxm;ESpfrsKd;rxm;
wpfom;wnf;xm;um tm;vkH;tay:odkY udk,f
usef;rmap? pdwfcsrf;omapcsifaom arwåm
pdwfudk OD;pD;a&SUaqmifjyKí tompHvkdrIukd
yGJrxkwf? trsm;twGuf tepfemcH&rIudkyif
tywfwukwf usihfaqmif&if; tm;vkH;tay:ü
tMuifemoem; iJhn§mrIw&m;rsm; wzGm;zGm;
&Sifoef jzpfay:ae&ygrnf/
þae&mwGif odomxif&Sm;aom
w&m;wpfyk'fukd a&G;xkwfjy&vQif ]]owåu
edygwf? r[muydZmwf}} wGif tavmif;awmf
arsmufrif;onf arsmuf&Spfaomif; tNcHt&HESihf
[dr0EÅmteD; **FgjrpfBuD;\ jrpfurf;eab;&Sd
o&ufyifBuD;wpfyifukd trSDjyKí aeMu\/
xkdo&ufyifBuD;\ toD;rsm;onf vGefpGm
t&om&SdaomaMumifh wpfaeYwGif tavmif;
awmfarsmufrif;onf **FgjrpfbufodkY ukdif;us
aeaom tukdif;rSo&ufoD;rsm;ukdMunhfNyD;-
]]'DtoD;awGa<uusvdkY a&xJarsmyg
oGm;&if vlawGodNyD; wdk YtwGuf tEÅ&m,f
jzpfvmEkdifw,f}} [k pOf;pm;rdum arsmufrsm;
ukd jrpfbuftukdif;rS toD;rsm;ukd wpfvkH;rusef
cl;,lpm;ckdif;vdkuf\/
odkYaomf cgcsOftkHtwGif;rS o&ufoD;
wpfvkH;ukd arsmufrsm;rawGUjrifMubJ usef&pfcJh
avonf/ xkdtoD;onf rSnhfNyD; a<uusum
a&xJarsmygoGm;\/ jrpfatmufykdif;ü jrpfv,f
ukd ykdufrsm;wm;í armif;rta`cGt&Hrsm;pGmESihf
Am&mPoDrif;onf a&upm;aecsdefjzpfonf/
a<uusvmaom o&ufoD;onf
a&pkHarsmNyD; rif;BuD;a&upm;aeaom ykdufuGef
wGif NidwG,faeonfukd rif;csif;a,musfm;rsm;
jrifí q,f,lum rif;BuD;tm; qufoav\/
28
"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
xl;uJvSaom t&omukd rBuKHpzl; cHpm;vdkuf
&ojzihf xyfrHpm;csifpdwfukd rxdef;csKyfEk dif
awmhbJ awmvkdufrkqkd;rsm;udk vrf;jyckdif;NyD;
ppfonf&Jrufrsm;ESihf o&ufoD;t&SmxGufcJh
onf/
**Fgjrpftwdkif; qefwufvm&m toD;
tyGihfrsm;ESihf a0qmNyD; teHY? t&omxl;uJaom
o&ufyifBuD;udk awGU&Sdum rif;BuD;ESihf ppfonf
&JrufwdkY pdwfBuKdufcl;pm;MuNyD; armarmyef;yef;
ESihf o&ufyifywfvnfwGif uif;tapmihfcsí
ntdyfMuawmhonf/
arsmuftaygif;onf wpfaeYvk H;
pm;aeusukd rpm;&bJ atmihftnf;ae&í
nzufvltrsm; tdyfcs defwGif wdwfwqdwf
o&ufyifay:wufNyD; cl;,lpm;aomufMu\/
xkdtcg rif;BuD;ESihf tapmihfppfonfrsm; Ekd;í
arsmufrsm;udkjrifvQif a'goxGufí av;jrm;wdkY
jzihf ypf&efcsdef&G,fxm;Muonf/ arsmuftaygif;
rSm aMumufvefYpkd;&drfvsuf tavmif;awmf
arsmufrif;tm; tusKd;taMumif;ajymMu\/
tavmif;awmfonf arsmuftaygif;tm;
raMumuf&efESihf rpkd;&drf&ef tm;ay;pum;ajym
NyD; **Fgjrpfwpfzufurf;odkY tm;pkdufum ckeful;
oGm;\/ wpfbufurf;wGif EG,fBuKd;rsm;ukd
ukdufjzwfí wpfpESihfwpfp qufum o&ufyif
BuD;qDodkY rDavmufNyDxifaomtcg wpfpukd
tyifwpfyifwGif csnfNyD; usefwpfpukd ol\cg;
wGifcsnfí o&ufyif&Sd&m jyefckeful;vkdufonf/
EG,fBuKd;rSm tenf;i,fwkdvsuf o&ufyifay:odkY
ra&mufbJ tukdif;udkom vufESihfvSrf;qGJxm;
rdNyD; arsmuftaygif;tm; olYausmay:rSeif;í
wpfbufurf;odkY vGwfajrmufatmif ul;ap
onf/
arsmufrsm;onf arsmufrif;ukd ½kdao
pGm *g&0jyKí rvTJra&Smifom ausmfjzwfoGm;
Mu\/ þwGif tbdZÑmorm; a'0'wftavmif;
arsmuf,kwfrmonf ]]olYtcuf ukd,hftuGuf?
olYaomu ukd,hfavmb}} jynhfap&ef arsmuf
tm;vkH;ul;NyD;aomf tjrihfqkH; tukdif;xuf wuf
í t&SdefESihf arsmufrif;ausmukef;ay:odkY ckefcs
NyD; EG,fBuKd;ukd jzwfum wpfbufurf;okd Y
xGufajy;oGm;avonf/
tavmif;awmf arsmufrif;rSm cufcJ
yifyef;pGm BuKd;pm;&rI? arsmuftaygif; ausmf
jzwfoGm;onhftwGuf emusifqif;&JrIwdk YESihf
twl arsmuf,kwfrm\ aumufuspf&ufpuf
rIwdkYaMumifh tavmif;awmfrSm jyif;xefaom
'Pf&mtemw&rsm;jzihf usef&pfcJh&Smonf/
xkdokdY arsmufrif;\ tepfemcHum
BuKd;pm;u,fwifykHrsm;ukd tprStqkH;xd Munhf½I
aeaom rif;BuD;onf arsmufrif;ukd oem;vGef;
onhftwGuf o&ufyifxufrS tomt,m
csapNyD; aq;0g;rsm; ukoay;um tusKd;
taMumif; ar;jref;Munhf\/
arsmufrif;u ]]trsm;csrf;om vGwf
ajrmufoGm;onhftwGuf 0rf;ajrmufauseyfrd
aMumif;? olUtzkdY ao&rSmudk0efrav;aMumif;?
vkyfoihfonfudk vkyfaqmifNyD;oGm;í aoaysmf
aMumif;ESihf rif;BuD;vnf; atmufvufi,fom;
jynfolrsm;tm; oluJhodYk oem;MuifemNyD; apmihf
a&SmufumuG,fay;apvdkaMumif;}} ajymNyD;
aoqkH;oGm;\/
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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32
"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
jrefrmrsdK;qufopfvli,ftaygif;
ukd,hfwkdif;jynf? udk,hfvlrsdK;? udk,hfbmom?
,Ofaus;rIwdkYudk xm0pOfxdef;odrf;vsuf apwem
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33
"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
olaX;orD;uvnf; ta>ct&Hig;&mwdkYESihfwuG
a&qdyftwGif;qif;umtvm? rdk;BuD;onf;xef
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rif;BuD;ESihfwuG ppfonfAdkvfygtaygif; om0w¬d
jynfol? jynfom;rsm;vkdufygí r*Fvmpnfawmf
BuD;wD;NyD; vma&mufMu/ r*FvmyGJwGif 0domcg
qifjref;&ef a&Tyef;xdrfonfig;&mudkac:í
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r*FvmyGJwGif r[mvwmwefqm 0wfqifapí
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4/ray;wwfoludk ray;ygESihf/
5/ ay;onfjzpfap? ray;onfjzpfap ay;om
ay;yg/
6/ csrf;ompGmaexkdifyg/
7/ csrf;ompGmpm;yg/
8/ csrf;ompGmtdyfyg/
9/ rD;oHk;rD;udk vkyfauR;yg/
10/ tdrfOD;ewfudk ylaZmfyg[líjzpfonf/
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10/ cspforD;- tdrfwGif;ewfudk ½dkao
yg [laompum;rSm t&Sifvif? a,mu©rwdkYudk
34"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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jrm;OD;tvSnhf b,ftcsdefjrm;OD;tvSnhf b,ftcsdef
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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(tEÅ&m,feHygwf- 3)
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qdkawmh t0dZÆm? wPSmBuD;pdk;aewJh 'Davmu
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&,fvdkY 'DpufuGif;u vGwfajrmufzdkYuawmhjzihf
todtvif;av;rS r&Sd&ifawmh tarSmifurÇm
xJrSmyJ vnfNyD;ao&ygawmhr,fvdkY odvkduf&
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tDNyD; epfjr§Kyf&wJh opfwHk;BuD;vdk wPSm&m*
"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
36
yifv,fxJrSm vufypful;ae&wJhvlawGeJ Y
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cHkrifNyD; udavomumrcsrf;omudk tzefzef
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atm- 'gqdk&ifawmh 'D'kp½dkufawGjyK
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ckrSyJ 'DopfwHk;yrmw&m;av;&JUtEÅ&m,feHygwf
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awmh ukodkvfyJjzpfjzpf? tukodkvfyJjzpfjzpf
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ygyJvm;/ 'DcEm&vmvkdufwmeJYudku 'ku©ygyJ
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awmhrnf/
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"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
37
Ä vGefavNyD;cg jynfAm&m?
jA[®'wfrif; rif;jyKcg/
[dr0EÅmNrKdiftwGif;?
bk&m;tavmif;aus;rif;/
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tvif;tm;enf; rIefae&Sm/
om;&wem tvdr®maus;?
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cyfa0;a0;u uRef;i,frSm/
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BuD;rm;o&ufawm/
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Ä jyefcsdefeD;awmh aus;om;i,f?
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pm;NyD;aomcg aus;rif;qkd/
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taz aumif;aumif;od/
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om;aus; roGm;eJYawmhuGm/
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tawmifudk oljzefYum;?
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auR;arG;rnhfol r&Sdyg/
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jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif aZw0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;
okH;awmfrlpOf tpm;tpmukd tvGeftuRHpm;í
tpmraMujzpfNyD; aovGefoGm;aom &[ef;
wpfyg;ukd taMumif;jyKí jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu
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wpfaeYaomf om;jzpfol aus;iSufonf rdbwdkY
twGuf o&ufoD;ukd aqmif,lcJhum rdbwdkY
tm; auR;\/ xkdo&ufoD;ukd pm;vkdufonfESihf
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38"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
\/ odkYaomf r&ay/ aemufaeYü aus;i,fonf
xkdo&ufawmodk Y xyfíoGm;jyefavonf/
olonf tvGefcsKdNrdefNyD; arT;BuKdifoif;ysHUaeaom
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39
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MORAL AND ETHICS
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functions toward their children, would, in due time, retire or with-draw from the active scene as dictated by nature through old-ageor other incapabilities. By a gradual process of evolution andsmooth handing over, the child would soon assume the mantle ofresponsibility by taking over the onerous family duties from theaged parents, to continue with the family tradition, from one gen-eration to another.
In this respect, the young adult who has assumed hisnew funcitions, should remember that one of his prime obliga-tions is to care, look after, support and provide for the dailyneeds of his age parents. Just as parents have provided for themin their young days, it is now the duty of the young adults torender their filial duties to their parents and to maintain honourablefamily traditions, by skill and diligence, guarding carefully thefamily inheritance for the good and well being of all in the family.
The young adult should act in such a manner as to gainrespect and to be worthy of his inheritance. The duties towardsparents should continue, even if the parents are no more alive inthat a child is expected to perpetuate the name of the parents inthe performance of certain spiritual obligations.
The relationship between a child and a parents, hus-band and wife, student and teacher, friend and companion, arerelationshi that should be developed gradually, not by force orcoercion but by generosity and accommodation, not by threat orharsh words, but by politeness and kindness, followed by softand gentle speech, in a life dedication and devoted service forthe well-being of one another.
The tranquility of the mind arises from purity of words,action and thought, and clarity of compassionate understandingarises from unshakeable tranquility. These are basic essentialsfor a happy family and a happy society.
(To Be Continued)Dhamma Vira Thandar Aung.
ITBM University, Yangon,.
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(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)
Ak'bmomwpfOD;\usihf0wfodu©mqdkif&m udk,fusifhw&m; (5)Moral and Ethical Conduct of a Buddhist (5)
By. Venerable Dr.K.Sri Dhammananda, JSM.,Ph.D, D.Litt.Translated into Myanmar by Dhamma V1
-ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.
pmrsufESm 39 odkY
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MORAL AND ETHICS
The relationship between a child and a parent, husband and wife, student and teacher, friend and companion, are relation-ships that should be developed gradually, not by force or coercion, but by generosity and accommodation, not by threat or harshwords, but by politeness and kindness, followed by soft and gentle speech, in a life of didication and devoted service for the well-beingof one another.
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Family Ties (b)
With such attributes, a child would definitely be an as-set to society. A child should be guided to show respect for theaged and towards authority, not out of fear but out of a sense ofobligation and duty.
As the child grows up, it is the duty of the parents toprovide him with a suitable education intellectually and spiritu-ally, to enable him to cope with the challenges of the world thatthe would be facing as an adult.
Coming to adulthood, the age-old parental duty wouldbe to find a suitable wife for the grown-up child. This was thetradition that existed long ago. However with the passage of timeand in accordance with modern trends, such parental duties havebeen eroded to a great extent that it is now customary for thepresent day young man to look for his own life-partner. The high-est gift a man can earn is a good wife.
One other guide-line enunciated by the Buddha is thatthe parents should hand over, at an appropriate time, their inher-itance to their children. This question of inheritance should defi-nitely be a welcome tradition that no young man is likely to rejectbut would look forward to with keen and happy anticipation toplay a leading role in the family and in society.
Apart from the guide-limes given in regard to parentalduties towards their children, the Buddha has enunciated someuseful injunctions or obligations that the children should upholdin respect of their relationships to their parents.
The parents, after completing their parental duties and
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