handbook on civil aviation statistics

a glimpse of aviation statistics…..

2017-18

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION OVERVIEW

Directorate General of Civil Aviation is the regulatory body governing the safety aspects of civil aviation in India. It is responsible for regulation of air transport services to/from/within India and for enforcement of civil air regulations, air safety and airworthiness standards. It also interfaces with all the regulatory functions of International Civil Aviation Organization.

DGCA’s Vision Statement:

“Endeavour to promote safe and efficient Air Transportation through regulation and proactive safety oversight system.”

REGIONAL AND SUB-REGIONAL OFFICES OF DGCA.

DGCAHead Quarters

Western Region Mumbai

RO

Bhopal

SRO

Northern Region Delhi

RO

Lucknow

SRO

Kanpur

SRO

Patiala

SRO

Eastern Region Kolkata

RO

Patna

SRO

Bhubaneswar

SRO

Guwahati

SRO

Sothern Region Chennai

RO

Hyderabad

SRO

Bengaluru

RO

Kochi

SRO

RO: Regional officeSRO: Sub-Regional office

DGCA has several directorates and divisions under its purview to carry out its functions.

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

AIR TRANSPORT LEGAL AFFAIRS

PERSONNEL LICENSING STATE SAFETY PROGRAMME

FLIGHT TRAINING AND SPORTS

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION INVESTIGATION AND PREVENTION

CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS

SURVEILLANCE AND ENFORCEMENT

AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

AERODROMES AND GROUND AIDS ADMINISTRATION

AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES TRAINING

Sl. No. CONTENTS PAGE No.

1. PASSENGER TRAFFIC STATISTICS 1-5

2. CARGO TRAFFIC STATISTICS 6-7

3. AIRCRAFT STATISTICS 8-10

4. NSOP STATISTICS 11-12

5. OPERATING ECONOMICS STATISTICS 13-15

6. HUMAN RESOURCE STATISTICS 16-19

7. AIR SAFETY STATISTICS 20

8. OTHER AVIATION RELATED STATISTICS 21-24

PASSENGER TRAFFIC

Air Passenger Traffic in India, both domestic and international witnessed a positive growth in the year 2017-18 compared to the previous year.

TABLE 1: PASSENGER TRAFFIC AT A GLANCE

PASSENGER TRAFFIC UNIT 2017-18 2016-17

Domestic Passengers Departing Passengers

123.32 million(18.86)

103.75 million(21.77)

Domestic Airline Demand

Revenue Passenger Kilometers (RPK)

117.04 billion(18.65)

98.64 billion(21.82)

Domestic Airline CapacityAvailable Seat Kilometers (ASK)

134.54 billion(15.05)

116.94 billion(19.66)

International PassengersDeparting and Arriving Passengers

60.58 million(10.79)

54.68 million(9.84)

Total Passengers (Domestic & International) 183.90 million(16.08)

158.43 million(17.37)

Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage change over previous year.ASK is calculated as the sum of products obtained by multiplying the total number of seats that are available in each flight stage by the corresponding stage distance.

RPK is calculated as the sum of the product obtained by multiplying the number of revenue passengers carried on each flight stage by the corresponding stage distance.

2007-082008-09

2009-102010-11

2011-122012-13

2013-142014-15

2015-162016-17

2017-180.0

20.040.060.080.0

100.0120.0140.0160.0180.0200.0

44.4 39.5 45.353.8 60.8 57.9 60.7

70.185.2

103.7

123.3

27.2 28.9 32.1 35.1 38.1 40.3 43.1 45.7 49.8 54.7 60.6

71.6 68.477.4

88.999.0 98.2 103.7

115.8

135.0

158.4

183.9

CHART 1. PASSENGER TRAFFIC CARRIED BY SCHEDULED CARRIERS OVER THE PAST DECADE

----

-Pas

sen

gers

(In

Mill

ion

)---

--

The domestic passenger traffic registered a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.76% during the period 2007-08 to 2017-18 while the international passenger traffic grew at 8.32% (CAGR) during the same period.

During the years from 2007-08 to 2017-18, the capacity (ASK) in the domestic market grew at a rate of 8.30% (CAGR) while the demand (RPK) grew at 10.87% (CAGR) during the same period.

TABLE 2: YEAR ON YEAR COMPARISON OF NUMBER OF SCHEDULED DOMESTIC PASSENGERS & PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR (PLF)

NAME OF THE AIRLINE

PASSENGERS(In Number)

PLF (%)

2016-17 2017-18 YoY Growth(%) 2016-17 2017-18 CHANGE (+/-)

AIR INDIA 13734192 14755383 7.4 79.2 80.5 1.3AIR INDIA EXPRESS 110881 130787 18.0 59.3 60.7 1.4ALLIANCE AIR 625411 1281251 104.9 68.8 78.2 9.4SPICEJET 13236143 16130815 21.9 92.9 94.7 1.8JET AIRWAYS 16276098 18550776 14.0 81.8 84.3 2.5INDIGO 41600088 48955983 17.7 85.2 88.2 3.0GO AIR 8645969 10829141 25.3 88.0 88.6 0.6JETLITE 2751042 2757497 0.2 79.2 85.3 6.1AIR ASIA 2668553 4984419 86.8 85.6 86.0 0.4AIR COSTA 600581 0 - 78.3 - -VISTARA 2926586 4434987 51.5 78.0 85.9 7.9TRUJET 424809 474123 11.6 78.0 75.6 -2.4AIR PEGASUS 69927 0 - 79.2 - -AIR CARNIVAL 74725 1008 -98.7 63.3 66.7 3.4ZOOM AIR 3593 27077 653.6 70.1 74.0 3.9AIR ODISHA 0 117 - - 27.2 -DECCAN AIR 0 2552 - - 54.3 1.3Note: DECCAN AIR AND AIR ODISHA started their operations since DECEMBER 2017 AND FEBRUARY 2018 respectively.

The high growth of 18.86 % in the total domestic passengers during 2017-18 is mainly due to the high growth in passengers carried by Air India, IndiGo, SpiceJet, Vistara, Air Asia and Go Air.

2007-082009-10

2011-122013-14

2015-162017-18

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

4069

7

3770

4

4395

9

5270

7

5908

4

5673

9

5913

9

6702

3

8096

6

9864

1

1170

42

5790

1

5916

0

6109

1

6821

6

7863

9

7614

8

8071

6

8480

5

9772

8 1169

45 1345

4170.363.7

72.077.3 75.1 74.5 73.3

79.082.8 84.3 87.0

CHART 2: CAPACITY V/S DEMAND IN DOMESTIC MARKET OVER THE PAST DECADE

RPK (DEMAND) ASK (CAPACITY) PAX LOAD FACTOR

----

-RPK

& A

SK (I

n M

illio

n)--

---

----

-Pax

Loa

d Fa

ctor

(%)-

----

In the year 2017-18, both ASK and RPK in the domestic market registered a positive growth compared to the previous year. The Passenger Load Factor in the domestic market, which fell to 73.3% in 2013-14, is steadily increasing thereafter.

2

APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

15.418.0

20.8

11.9

16.017.5

20.9

16.417.5 17.9

23.227.7

13.314.8

13.913.1

14.2

14.8 15.6

10.2

16.5 16.818.1

18.7

CHART 3: MONTH-WISE YEAR ON YEAR GROWTH IN CAPACITY V/S DEMAND IN DOMESTIC MARKET, 2017-18

YoY Growth in RPK YoY Growth in ASK YoY Growth in PLF

---Y

oY

Gro

wth

in R

PK &

ASK

(%)-

--

----

YoY

Gro

wth

in P

ax L

oad

Fac

tor

(%)-

---

In the year 2017-18, domestic market experienced expansion in capacity as well as demand which is evident from the Chart 3 as both RPK & ASK witnessed positive growth in all the months as compared to the corresponding months in the previous year i.e. 2016-17. Also, in most of the months, YoY growth in RPK exceeded the YoY growth in ASK implying an improvement in the passenger load factor and hence efficiency except for the months of July.

40.9

14.6

12.3

12.2

8.8

4.14.3

1.90.50.20.10.0CHART 4: MARKET SHARE(%) IN TERMS OF DOMESTIC MARKET DEMAND (RPK)-

2017-18

INDIGO JET AIRWAYS SPICEJET AIR INDIA GO AIR AIR ASIA VISTARA JETLITE

ALLIANCE AIR TRUJET AIR INDIA EXPRESS OTHER AIRLINES*

39.7

15.0

13.1

12.0

8.8

4.03.6 2.2

1.0

0.40.10.0

CHART 5: DOMESTIC MARKET SHARE(%) IN TERMS OF PASSENGERS CARRIED-2017-18

INDIGO JET AIRWAYS SPICEJET AIR INDIA GO AIR AIR ASIA VISTARA JETLITE ALLIANCE AIR

TRUJET AIR INDIA EXPRESS OTHER AIRLINES ^

*ZOOM AIR, AIR DECCAN, AIR CARNIVAL, AIR ODISHA. ^ ZOOM AIR, AIR DECCAN, AIR CARNIVAL, AIR ODISHA.

In the year 2017-18 both in terms of RPK and passengers carried, IndiGo had the maximum market share followed by Jet Airways, SpiceJet and Air India.

3

SPICEJET

GO AIR

INDIG

O

AIR ASIA

VISTARA

JETLITE

JET ARW

AYS

AIR INDIA

ALLIANCE AIR

TRUJET

ZOOM AIR

AIR CARNIVAL

AIR INDIA EXPRESS

AIR DECCAN

AIR ODISHA

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0 94.788.6 88.2 86.0 85.9 85.3 84.3

80.5 78.2 75.6 74.066.7

60.754.3

27.2

89.446868359671482.7635329490953 83.011993461847979.417086971318 76.4754859053194

CHART 6: PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR (PLF) OF SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS, 2017-18

DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL

-----P

ax L

oad

fcat

or (%

)-----

In terms of Passenger Load Factor (PLF), a measure of capacity utilisation of airlines, for scheduled domestic operations, SpiceJet registered the highest PLF of 94.7 % followed by Go Air (88.6%), IndiGo (88.2%). SpiceJet also topped the position in terms of scheduled international operations with a PLF of 89.4% followed by Jet Airways (83.0%) and IndiGo (82.8%).

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER MARKET SHARE

TABLE 3: MARKET SHARE (%) OF SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS AND FOREIGN CARRIERS IN TERMS OF INTERNATIONAL PASSENGERS CARRIED.

YEAR FOREIGN CARRIERS INDIAN CARRIERS

2004-05 71.0 29.0

2009-10 65.5 34.5

2010-11 63.9 36.1

2011-12 63.4 36.6

2012-13 66.2 33.8

2013-14 64.1 35.9

2014-15 63.0 37.0

2015-16 63.4 36.6

2016-17 62.3 37.7

2017-18 61.1 38.9

TABLE 4: MARKET SHARE (%) OF TOP 15 SCHEDULED OPERATORS – INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS, 2017-18.

4

NAME OF THE AIRLINE SHARE (IN %)

JET AIRWAYS 13.8AIR INDIA 10.4EMIRATES 9.2AIR INDIA EXPRESS 6.2INDIGO 5.3ETIHAD 4.3OMAN AIR 3.3QATAR AIRWAYS 3.3SPICEJET 3.2SRILANKAN AIRWAYS 3.2AIR ARABIA 3.0SAUDI ARABIA AIRLINES 2.5THAI AIRWAYS 2.3LUFTHANSA 2.1SINGAPORE AIRLINES 2.0

Out of total 93 scheduled international operators, top 6 operators accounted for nearly 50% of total international Passenger traffic and top 15 operators accounted for nearly three fourth of the total international Passenger traffic in the year 2017-18 . Jet Airways had the maximum market share (13.8%) followed by Air India (10.4%), Emirates Airline (9.2%), Air India Express (6.2%), IndiGo (5.3%) and Etihad Airways (4.3%).

54.1

26.9

12.7 3.8 2.5

CHART 7: DI S TRIB UTION OF INDI A'S INBOUND I NTER NATI ONAL PAS S ENEGER TRAFFI C, 2017-18

AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE CHINA & NORTH ASIA THE AMERICAS

53.6

27.3

12.7 3.9 2.6

CHAR T 8: D IS TR IBUTION OF IND IA'S OUTBOUND I NTERNATIONAL PAS S ENGER TR AFFI C, 2017-18

AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE CHINA & NORTH ASIA THE AMERICAS

More than half of the passenger traffic to and from India is accounted for by the countries in the Africa & Middle East.

CARGO TRAFFIC5

Air cargo carried by scheduled airline operators, both domestic and international witnessed a positive growth in 2017-18.TABLE 5: CARGO TRAFFIC AT A GLANCE.

CARGO TRAFFIC 2017-18 2016-17

DOMESTIC6.97 Lakh MT

(9.25)6.38 Lakh MT

(2.24)

INTERNATIONAL*15.13 Lakh MT

(14.61)15.13 Lakh MT

(7.76)Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage change over previous year; MT: Metric Tonne.* International Cargo figures include Freight only.

2007-082009-10

2011-122013-14

2015-162017-180

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

368 342 394 465 453 452 508.944591.918792623.5647637.7975696.5298

1025 1072 11391292 1220 1238 1262

1368 1404 15131734

CHART 9: CARGO TRAFFIC CARRIED BY SCHEDULED CARRIERS OVER THE PAST DECADE

DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL*

--C

arg

o (

Th

ou

san

d M

etr

ic T

on

ne

)--

* International Cargo figures include Freight only.

The domestic cargo traffic registered a growth of 6.6% (CAGR) over the period from 2007-08 to 2017-18 while International cargo traffic grew at 5.4% (CAGR) during the same period.

2005-062009-10

2010-112011-12

2012-132013-14

2014-152015-16

2016-172017-180.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

86.0 83.3 82.1 79.7 78.8 76.9 80.0 79.9 79.8 82.0

14.0 16.7 17.9 20.3 21.2 23.1 20.0 20.1 20.2 18.0

CHART 10: PROPORTION OF DOMESTIC CARGO CARRIED AS BELLY CARGO AND IN DEDICATED FREIGHTERS

BELLY CARGO DEDICATED CARGO

Dedicated cargo refers to the cargo carried by aircrafts solely meant for freight carriage.

The proportion of the total domestic cargo carried as belly cargo to the total domestic cargo has generally been declining over the years since 2005-06 but since 2014-15 there is a revival in the proportion of the total domestic cargo carried as belly cargo.

TABLE 6: PROPORTION OF INTERNATIONAL CARGO* CARRIED BY INDIAN AND FOREIGN CARRIERS

6

YEAR INDIAN CARRIERS (%) FOREIGN CARRIERS (%)

2004-05 13.6 86.4

2009-10 16.1 83.9

2010-11 20.3 79.7

2011-12 21.1 78.9

2012-13 17.7 82.3

2013-14 18.3 81.7

2014-15 17.8 82.2

2015-16 16.9 83.1

2016-17 18.8 81.2

2017-18 20.5 79.5

* International Cargo figures include Freight only.

27.5

27.023.3

20.7 1.5

CH ART 11: DIS TRIB UI ON OF INDI A'S INBOUND I NTE RNATI ONAL FRE IGH T TRAFFI C, 2017-18

AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST EUROPE ASIA PACIFIC CHINA & NORTH ASIA THE AMERICAS

51.6

23.6

16.07.3

1.5

CHART 12: DI S TRI BUTION OF I NDIA'S OUTB OUND I NTERNATIONAL FREI GHT TRAFFIC, 2017-18

AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST EUROPE ASIA PACIFIC CHINA & NORTH ASIA THE AMERICAS

Freight traffic is coming to India in almost equal proportion from around the World except the freight traffic from the Americas while from India, more than half of the freight traffic is carried to the countries in the Africa & Middle East.

AIRCRAFT

7

TABLE 7: AIRCRAFT STATISTICS AT A GLANCE

SCHEDULED AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS(IN LAKHS) 2017-18 2016-17

DOMESTIC 9.22 (13.84) 8.10 (15.71)

INTERNATIONAL 3.79 (9.90) 3.45 (7.81)

Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage change over previous year.

As in the case of passenger and freight traffic, aircraft movements (both domestic and international) also have registered a positive growth in the year 2017-18 over 2016-17.

JET AIRWAYS

AIR INDIA EXPRESS

SPICEJET

INDIGO

AIR INDIA

AIR ASIA

GO AIR

VISTARA

JETLITE

AIR CARNIVAL

TRUJET

ZOOM AIR

ALLIANCE AIR

AIR ODISHA

AIR DECCAN 0

50

100

150

200

250

159 186160 179

146180 178

158 156

72 7149 42

18 9

233

186 181180 163

Chart 13: AVERAGE SEAT CAPACITY* OF SCHEDULED OPERATING INDIAN FLEET (2017-18)

DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL

----A

vera

ge S

eat C

apac

ity (I

n No

.)----

*Average Seat Capacity= Total ASK / Total Aircraft Km. Flown.

TABLE 8: FLEET STATISTICS OF SCHEDULED INDIAN OPERATORS AS ON 31st JULY, 2018.Sl. No. NAME OF THE OPERATOR TYPE OF AIRCRAFT NUMBER OF AIRCRAFTS SEAT CAPACITY

1 AIR ASIAA320- 216 13 180A320- 214 5 180

8

2 AIR INDIA

B747- 400 4 423B777- 200 LR 3 238B777- 300 ER 15 342B787- 800 27 256A320- 231 15 168A320- 214 9 140A319- 112 22 122A321-211 20 172A320-251N 21 162

3 AIR INDIA EXPRESS B737-800 23 186

4 ALLIANCE AIRATR 42-320 2 48ATR72-600 15 70

5 AIR ODISHA Beechcraft 1900D 1 186 BLUE DART B757- 200 6 Cargo7 AIR DECCAN Beechcraft 1900D 3 18

8 GO AIR A320- 214 19 176A320- 271N 18 176

9 INDIGO

A320-232 112 180A320-214 11 180A320- 271N 39 180ATR72- 600 10 74

10 JET AIRWAYS

B737- 700 2 134B737-800 67 168B737- 900 6 184B737-8 MAX 2 168B777- 300 ER 10 346A330- 200 4 254A330- 300 4 293ATR72- 500 15 72ATR72- 600 3 72

11 JETLITEB737- 700 2 134B737- 800 5 170

12 SPICE JET

B737- 700 3 149B737- 800 28 189B737- 900 4 212Bombardier Q400 23 78

13 VISTARAA320- 232 13 148A320- 251N 8 162

14 TRUJETATR 72-500 3 72ATR 72-600 2 70

15 ZOOM AIR CRJ-200 3 50TOTAL 620

Source: Air Transport-I, DGCA

STAGE LENGTH

TABLE 9: AVERAGE STAGE LENGTH* FLOWN (IN KILOMETRES) BY SCHEDULED INDIAN FLEET, 2017-18.

NAME OF THE AIRLINE DOMESTIC OPERATION INTERNATIONAL OPERATION

AIR INDIA 1051.0 6471.9

9

JET AIRWAYS 796.1 2971.9

AIR INDIA EXPRESS 564.4 2618.5

INDIGO 927.6 2390.9

SPICEJET 765.0 1684.4

VISTARA 1133.3

NO INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS

GO AIR 944.5

AIR ASIA 936.2

ALLIANCE AIR 843.3

JETLITE 770.0

ZOOM AIR 726.8

DECCAN AIR 644.1

AIR CARNIVAL 418.7

TRUEJET 397.2

AIR ODISHA 292.5*Average Stage Length is calculated by dividing the total aircraft km flown by the total number of aircraft departure.

TABLE 10: SUMMARY OF AIR OBJECTS REGISTERED WITH DGCA AS ON 12th July, 2018.

OPERATOR TYPE

AIRC

RAFT

HELI

COPT

ER

BALL

OO

N

HAN

G GL

IDER

GLID

ER

MO

TOR

GLID

ER

ULT

RA-L

IGHT

EXPE

RIM

ENTA

L

TOTA

L

SCHEDULED 594 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 594

NON-SCHEDULED 214 229 11 0 1 0 0 0 455

`GOVERNMENT 83 42 0 5 23 0 0 0 153

PRIVATE 134 48 14 17 12 1 9 0 235

TRAINING 332 0 0 0 19 1 8 0 360

MISCELLANEOUS 1 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 27

GRAND TOTAL 1358 319 25 22 55 2 43 0 1824

Source: Directorate of Air Worthiness, DGCA.

NON-SCHEDULED OPERATORS (NSOP)

10

2004-052005-06

2006-072007-08

2008-092009-10

2010-112011-12

2012-132013-14

2014-152015-16

2016-172017-18

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

156183

229

272

327

370409 412

366 361393 406

353 356

44 56 6699

122 127 134 147125 120 126 123 116 111

CHART 14: NON-SCHEDULED OPERATORS

Number of aircrafts (including helicopters) Number of Operators

------

-Num

ber-

------

As on 31st March

Source: Directorate of Air Transport- I.

Ventura Airconnect Trans Bharat AviationReliance Commercial

Air Charter ServiceA R Airways

Saraya AviationVRL Logistics

Turbo AviationIndian Flysafe Aviation

Ligare AviationAir One Aviation

Air Odisha Aviation VSR Ventura

Zest AviationKarnavati Aviation

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.013.4

8.36.5

5.84.3

3.12.8

2.72.3

2.21.91.81.81.71.6

CHART 15: TOP 15* NSOP-DOMESTIC (AIRCRAFT) OPERATIONS (% SHARE)- 2017-18

* In terms of number of flights operated.

Out of the total 76 NSOP domestic (aircraft) operators, top 15 operators accounted for more than 60 % of the total number of domestic flights operated in the year 2017-18.

11

Reliance CommercialAir Charter Service

Air One AviationPoonawalla Aviation

Reliance TransportZest Aviation

OrbitA R Airways

Indian Flysafe AviationKarnavati Aviation

Jupiter CapitalRaymond Limited

Spectrum AeroAirmid Aviation

Futura Travels (Essar)

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.019.5

10.16.9

6.05.8

5.55.45.3

4.13.4

2.32.22.22.02.0

CHART 16: TOP 15* NSOP-INTERNATIONAL (AIRCRAFT) OPERATIONS (% SHARE)- 2017-18

* In terms of number of flights operated.

Out of the total 35 non-scheduled international (aircraft) operators, top 15 operators accounted for more than 80% of the total number of international flights operated in the year 2017-18.

Global Vectra Helicorp

Pawan Hans Limited

Himalayan Heli Services

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

38.0

18.9

17.0

CHART 17: TOP 3* NON-SCHEDULED HELICOPTER OPERATORS (% SHARE)- 2017-18

* In terms of number of flights operated.

Out of the total 52 non-scheduled Helicopter operators, top 3 operators accounted for more than 70% of the total number of flights operated in the year 2017-18.

OPERATING ECONOMICS

12

AIR INDIA EXPRESSGO AIR

INDIGOSPICEJET

ZOOM AIRAIR INDIA

JET AIRWAYSJETLITE

AIR ASIA

ALLIANCE AIRVISTARA

TRUJET0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

-60.0

-50.0

-40.0

-30.0

-20.0

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

63.078.0 77.1

86.5

66.475.4 81.2 80.1

98.2 93.0

108.8

127.9

75.988.0 84.8

91.670.1

76.4 81.4

79.2

85.6

68.8

78.078.0

12.9 9.9 7.7 5.1 3.7 1.0 0.2 -0.9

-12.6 -24.2 -30.8

-49.9

CHART 18: COMPARISON OF PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR (PLF) AND BREAK-EVEN LOAD FACTOR (BELF), 2016-17

BELF PLF DIFFERNECE (PLF-BELF)

----B

ELF

& P

LF (%

)----

DIFF

ERN

ECE

(PLF

-BEL

F)

PLF=RPK/ASK BELF=Operating Cost Per ASK/ Operat-ing Revenue per RPK

A higher PLF implies that an airline is successful in selling available seats. However, higher PLF may not result in higher operating profit. When PLF is less than break-even load factor, the airline in question is running losses. Evidently, in the year 2016-17, only Air India Express, Go Air, Indigo, SpiceJet, Zoom Air, Air India and Jet Airways were operating at a PLF higher than break-even load factor (BELF). According to this measure of performance, Air India Express was the best performer and TruJet was the worst performer during the year 2016-17.

31.2

14.211.7

9.8

9.7

6.25.5 4.6 3.8 3.4

CHART 19: APPROXIMATE COST STRUCTURE OF AVIATION INDUSTRY IN INDIA, 2016-17

Fuel

Rentals of Flight Equipment

General and Administrative

Flights Equipment Maintenance & Overhaul

User charges

Ticketing sales and Promotion

Other Expenses

Depreciation and amortization

Flight Crew salary & Expenses

Pax ServicesThe chart depicting the general trend of cost structure of aviation industry has been worked out from available information in AT-II division, DGCA.

While decomposing the airline industry cost structure, it can be seen that Fuel cost accounts for (31.2%) of the Operating Cost of Indian aviation industry (scheduled operations) followed by Rental of Flight Equipment (14.2%), General and Administrative costs (11.7%), Flight equipment Maintenance & Overhaul (9.8 %) and User Charges (including landing and associated airport charges and Air Navigation charges) (9.7%).

13

ALLIANCE AIRTRUEJET

VISTARA

ZOOM AIR

JET AIRWAYSJETLITE

AIR INDIASPICEJET

GO AIRAIR ASIA

INDIGO

AIR INDIA EXPRESS0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.010.8

8.5

4.8 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.12.4

8.6

5.34.6

3.84.5

3.4

5.7

3.1 3.1 3.2 2.93.4

Chart-20: OPERATING COST PER ASK, 2016-17

UNADJUSTED OPERATING COST PER ASK ADJUSTED OPERATING COST PER ASK

----

Op

erati

ng

Cost

Per

ASK

(In

Ru

pee

s)--

--Operating cost per ASK adjusted for industry average stage length of 1152.8

The cost comparison was undertaken before and after adjusting Operating Cost to Average Stage Length. Because of high fixed cost of airlines unit cost decrease as distance increases. Hence, a stage length adjustment is necessary for fairer comparison. In the year 2016-17, in terms of cost efficiency of airlines, IndiGo and SpiceJet had the least operating cost (adjusted for stage length) per ASK, of Rs 2.9 and 3.1 respectively followed by Go Air (Rs 3.1) and Air Asia (Rs 3.2).

ALLIANCE AIRTRUJET

JETLITE

JET AIRWAYSVISTARA

AIR INDIAGO AIR

SPICEJETINDIGO

AIR INDIA EXPRESS

ZOOM AIRAIR ASIA

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0 9.5

6.5

4.8 4.4 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.1

CHART-21: COMPARISON OF PASSENGER YIELD OF SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS, 2016-17

Passenger Yield

-----R

upee

s Pe

r RPK

-----

Passenger Yield=Passenger Rev-enue/RPK

Passenger yield is a measure of average fare paid per passenger km flown, calculated by dividing Passenger Revenue by Revenue Passenger Kilometers. In the year 2016-17, Air Asia had the lowest passenger yield followed by Zoom Air Air and Air India Express.

14

TABLE 11: FINANCIAL SUMMARY OF ALL SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS- 2016-17

(RS. IN MILLION)

OPERATING REVENUE OPERATING EXPENSES OPERATING RESULT

SCHEDULED NATIONAL CARRIERS

AIR INDIA 218596.10 215615.90 2980.20

AIR INDIA EXPRESS 33299.34 27649.87 5649.47

ALLIANCE AIR 3756.90 5080.00 -1323.10

SUB TOTAL (A) 255652.3 248345.8 7306.57

SCHEDULED DOMESTIC PRIVATE CARRIERS

JET AIRWAYS 212576.65 212070.03 506.62

JET LITE (P) LTD. 12237.22 12369.08 -131.86

GO AIR 36205.00 32116.90 4088.10

SPICE JET 61912.66 58465.90 3446.76

INDIGO 185805.00 168897.04 16907.96

AIR ASIA 9519.39 10922.65 -1403.25

VISTARA 13899.22 19392.07 -5492.85

TRUJET 1261.44 2069.14 -807.70

BLUE DART 6188.40 5964.30 224.10

QUIKJET CARGO 330.38 474.51 -144.13

ZOOM AIR 26.14 24.75 1.39

SUB TOTAL (B) 539961.5 522766.4 17195.12

GRAND TOTAL (A+B) 795613.8 771112.1 24501.69

15

HUMAN RESOURCE

TABLE 12: PERSONNEL STATISTICS OF SCHEDULED INDIAN OPERATORS FOR THE YEAR 2016-17.NAME OF THE

AIRLINEPilots &

Co-PilotsOther Flight Crew

Cabin Crew

Maintenance & Overhaul

Personal

Ticketing & Sales

Personnel

All Other Personnel

Total(All

Personnel)

JET AIRWAYS 1924 390 3702 2094 1104 6079 15293INDIGO 2094 132 3880 916 217 7365 14604AIR INDIA 1378 0 1984 754 4038 3758 11912SPICEJET 598 0 1214 725 384 3981 6902GO AIR 337 79 549 374 477 954 2770VISTARA 168 0 435 79 55 749 1486AIR ASIA 141 0 315 172 217 396 1241Blue Dart 64 0 0 138 0 899 1101AIR INDIA EXPRESS 181 0 516 157 26 193 1073

JETLITE 141 1 298 304 0 10 754ALLIANCE AIR 116 0 142 0 0 275 533TRUJET 23 14 35 109 88 176 445ZOOM AIR 10 0 14 16 25 35 100QUIKJET CARGO 8 0 0 26  0 60 94Grand Total (All Airlines) 7183 616 13084 5864 6631 24930 58308

Out of the total scheduled airline personnel of 58308, 26.2% is employed by Jet Airways followed by IndiGo (25.0%), Air India Ltd (20.4%) and SpiceJet (11.8%).

MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL2015-16 2016-17

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

395

66

461492

65

557

384

47

431 419

41

460

156

26

182 162

15

177

CHART-22: PILOT LICENCES ISSUED BY DGCA

CPL ATPL PPL

----

-Nu

mb

er o

f Lic

ense

s is

sued

----

-

Source: Directorate of Training & Licensing, DGCA. CPL- Commercial Pilot License; ATPL-Air Transport Pilot License; PPL- Private Pilot License.

16

ASK PER EMPLOYEE

Available Seat Kilometer (ASK) per Employee is an indicator of efficiency both in terms of capacity planning and utilization of work force and is calculated by dividing Available Seat Kilometers by Number of Employees. In terms of the ASK per employee, JetLite is the most efficient after the National airlines.

NATIONAL AIRLINES*JETLITE

INDIGOGO AIR

JET AIRWAYSVISTARA

AIR ASIASPICEJET

TRUJETZOOM AIR

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

4.9

4.03.7

3.3 3.32.7 2.6

2.4

0.50.1

CHART-23: ASK PER EMPLOYEE, (2016-17)

ASK Per Employee

-----A

SK P

er E

mpl

oyee

(In

Mill

ion)

-----

* National Airlines Includes Air India, Air India Express & Alliance Air.

REVENUE PER EMPLOYEE

Revenue per employee is an indicator of productivity of human resource of an airline and is calculated by dividing Operating Revenue by Number of Employees. Employee productivity was highest for National Airlines followed by Jet Airways and JetLite.

NATIONAL AIRLINES*JETLITE

JET AIRWAYSGO AIR

INDIGOVISTARA

SPICEJETAIR ASIA

BLUE DART

QUIKJET CARGOTRUJET

ZOOM AIR0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0 18.9

16.2

13.913.1 12.7

9.4 9.07.7

5.6

3.5 2.8

0.3

CHART 24: REVENUE PER EMPLOYEE- 2016-17

Revenue Per Employee

-----R

even

ue P

er E

mpl

oyee

(Rs.

In M

illio

n)---

-

* National Airlines Includes Air India, Air India Express & Alliance Air.

17

TABLE 13: DGCA APPROVED AME TRAINING INSTITUTES (AS ON 12th July, 2018)

REGION STATE NUMBER OF AME INSTITUTES

NORTH-16

Delhi 3

Haryana 3

Uttar Pradesh 5

Rajasthan 2

Himachal Pradesh 1

Uttarakhand 1

Punjab 1

EAST-4

West Bengal 1

Assam 1

Bihar 1

Odisha 1

WEST-15

Maharashtra 11

Gujarat 2

Madhya Pradesh 3

SOUTH-16

Tamil Nadu 5

Kerala 5

Karnataka 3

Telangana 3

TOTAL 52

Source: Directorate of Air Worthiness, DGCA.

TABLE 14: DGCA APPROVED FLYING TRAINING ORGANISATIONS (AS ON 31st May, 2018).

STATE OWNERSHIP NUMBER OF FLYING ORGANIZATION

18

TELANGANAPrivate/Public Ltd. 3

State Govt. 1

GUJARAT Private/Public Ltd. 2

HARYANA State Govt. 1

KARNATAKAState Govt. 1

Private 1

MADHYA PRADESH Private/ Trust/ Public Ltd. 4

MAHARASHTRA

Society 1

Private 3

State Govt. 1

JHARKHAND PRIVATE 1

BIHAR State Govt. 1

ODISHA State Govt. 1

PUNJAB State Govt. 1

RAJASTHAN Private 1

UTTAR PRADESHPrivate/Trust 5

Central Govt. 1

UTTRAKHAND Private 1

KERALA State Govt. 1

TOTAL 31

Source: Directorate of Flying Training, DGCA.

AIR SAFETY

TABLE 15: YEAR-WISE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS.

19

YEARTYPE OF OPERATOR

SCHEDULED OPERATORS

NON-SCHEDULED OPERATORS

FLYING TRAINING INSTITUTE

GOVT. OPERATORS

PRIVATE OPERATORS

FOREIGN OPERATORS

TOTAL ACCIDENTS

2011 0 6 2 2 0 1 11

2012 0 3 2 2 2 0 9

2013 0 5 2 1 0 0 8

2014 1 2 2 1 0 0 6

2015 4 5 1 0 0 0 10

2016 3 3 0 1 0 0 7

2017 1 3 2 1 0 1 8

2018* 0 1 1 0 0 0 2

*Till March 2018.Source: Directorate of Air Safety, DGCA.

TABLE 16: YEAR-WISE NUMBER OF SERIOUS INCIDENTS.

OTHER AVIATION RELATED STATISTICS

20

Year

TYPE OF INCIDENT

SCHEDULED OPERATORS

NON-SCHEDULED OPERATORS

FLYING TRAINING INSTITUTE

GOVT. OPERATORS

PRIVATE OPERATORS

FOREIGN OPERATORS

TOTAL ACCIDENTS

2015 4 0 0 0 0 1 5

2016 10 1 0 0 0 0 11

2017 11 0 0 0 0 1 12

2018* 3 0 0 0 0 0 3

*Till March, 2018.

Source: Directorate of Air Safety, DGCA.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20170.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

3.9 4.5 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.8 6.3 6.6 7.0 7.7 8.0 8.8 10.09.711.3

13.1 14.115.7

17.418.9 19.8

21.2 22.423.8

26.57502929.3

CHART-25: FOREIGN TOURIST ARRIVAL & INTERNATIONAL INBOUND PAX TRAFFIC

----N

o. o

f Pas

sen

gers

(In

Mill

ion

)----

Source: Ministry of Tourism.

An important aspect of international traffic to and from India pertains to trend in foreign tourist arrivals in India. In 2017, Foreign Tourist Arrivals accounted for 34.3% of inbound international traffic in India.

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-180

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

4423 46275078

5536 5271 5505 57236262

69987623

CHART 26: ATF CONSUMPTION OVER THE DECADE

ATF CONSUMPTION

----A

TF C

onsu

mpti

on (T

hous

and

met

ric t

onne

)----

Source: Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.

The Air Turbine Fuel (ATF) consumption growth in India has been moving in tandem with the growth of air traffic. In the year 2016-17, ATF consumption went up by 8.9% which is consistent with increase in aircraft and air traffic movement.

21

AprilMay

JuneJuly

August

Septe

mber

October

November

December

January

Febrar

yMarc

h0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

800.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

556.

8

571.

0

553.

0

558.

3

555.

3

573.

6

569.

8

591.

0

640.

7

632.

2

578.

9

617.

0

610.

0

627.

1

600.

5

596.

1

612.

6

614.

5

632.

2

650.

1

661.

3

707.

5

626.

0 685.

2

Chart 27: YoY GROWTH OF ATF CONSUMPTION, 2017-18

2016-17 2017-18 YoY Growth in ATF Consumption

----A

TF C

onsu

mpti

on (0

00 m

etric

tonn

e)---

-

----Y

oY G

row

th in

ATF

Con

sum

ption

(%)--

--

Source: Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.

22

TABLE 17: AIRPORTS IN INDIA (AS ON 31st March, 2018).

TYPE OF AIRPORT2017-18

OPERATIONAL NON-OPERATIONAL TOTAL

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS OF AAI 20 20

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS OF AAI (CIVIL ENCLAVES) 3 3

INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURE / PRIVATE AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS PROVIDED BY AAI. 3 1 4

(A)-TOTAL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS 26 1 27

CUSTOMS AIRPORTS OF AAI 4 4

CUSTOMS AIRPORTS OF AAI (CIVIL ENCLAVES) 4 4

(B)-TOTAL CUSTOMS AIRPORTS 8 0 8

DOMESTIC AIRPORTS OF AAI (OPERATIONAL) 50 50

DOMESTIC AIRPORTS OF AAI (NON-OPERATIONAL) 27 27

DOMESTIC AIRPORTS OF AAI (CIVIL ENCLAVES) 19 19

DOMESTIC PRIVATE / STATE GOVT./ U.T. AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS PROVIDED BY AAI. 5 5

(C)-TOTAL DOMESTIC AIRPORTS 74 27 101

PRIVATE GREENFIELD AIRPORT 2 2

TOTAL AIRPORTS(A+B+C) 110 28 138

ADDITIONAL AIRPORTS BEING DEVELOPED/PROPOSED TO BE DEVELOPED. 2

Source: Airport Authority of India.

23

INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURE/ PRIVATE AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS PROVIDED BY AAI

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1. Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL), KARNATAKA OPERATIONAL

2. Cochin International Airport Limited (CIAL), KERALA OPERATIONAL

3. Hyderabad International Airport Limited (GHIAL), TELANGANA OPERATIONAL

4. Kannur International Airport Limited (KIAL), KERALA NON-OPERATIONAL

DOMESTIC PRIVATE/STATE GOVT./ U.T AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS APPROVED BY AAI

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1. Lengpui Airport (State Govt., Mizoram) OPERATIONAL

2. Mundra Airport (Private, Gujarat) OPERATIONAL

3. Nanded Airport (MADC, Maharashtra) OPERATIONAL

4. Nasik (HAL OZAR, Maharashtra OPERATIONAL

5. Vijayanagar (JSW, Karnataka) OPERATIONAL

PRIVATE GREENFIELD AIRPORT

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1. Durgapur (West Bengal) OPERATIONAL

2. Shirdi (Maharashtra) OPERATIONAL

ADDITIONAL AIRPORTS BEING DEVELOPED/PROPOSED TO BE DEVELOPED.

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1 Thanjavur, ( Tamil Nadu)

2 Bareilly (CE), (Uttar Pradesh)

Source: Airport Authority of India.

OFFICERS OF DIRECTORATE OF AIR TRANSPORT-II, DGCA ASSOCIATED WITH THE PUBLICATION

24

Notes:

1. Sources of data: Directorate of Air Transport- II, unless otherwise specified.2. Data published in the handbook is provisional.

25

JOINT DIRECTOR GENERALJOINT DIRECTOR GENERAL

Shri Lalit GuptaShri Lalit Gupta

DEPUTY DIRECTORDEPUTY DIRECTOR

Dr. P K SrivastavaDr. P K Srivastava

Shri Narendra SinghShri Narendra Singh

ASSISTANT DIRECTORASSISTANT DIRECTOR

Shri Mukund BihariShri Mukund Bihari

SENIOR STATISTICAL OFFICERSENIOR STATISTICAL OFFICER

Shri Mani BhushanShri Mani Bhushan

STATISTICAL OFFICERSTATISTICAL OFFICER

Shri Ravi Kant SoniShri Ravi Kant Soni

Shri Sandeep VermaShri Sandeep Verma