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Data Structure

Data Structure:Structure:

Way/Method to store something so that,The stored thing can be accessed quickly and efficiently.

Examples:Room of your house:

To store your belongings.Cupboard / Cabinet in your room:

To store your important accessories such as clothesetc.

Hardbound Box files:

To store your bills etc.

Class:To store students.

Data:Collection of facts and figures.

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Data Structure

No Name Gender English Maths Total

1 Sachin M 50 60 110

2 Sunita F 50 40 90

3 Virat M 40 60 100

Entity SetDomain

Marksheet

Students DataEntity: Student

Whose Data?For which Entity?

Attributes

Row / Record / Tuple

(Gender) = {M, F}

Domain (English) = {x / x varies from 0 to 100}

Question:What is the importance of this data to a particular person?

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Data Structure

Data:Importance of data to a person depends on the:

Person who is trying to see/analyze the data.

Example:Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBBA student?

Nothing.

Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBCA student?Wants to know his own record.Might want to know his friends record.

Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a BCA faculty?Wants to know the result of his subject.

Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a Director?Wants to know the overall result of his college.

Conclusion:Same data can have,

Different meaning/importance to different people.

This data / part of data with some meaning is called:Information

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Data Structure

Information:Information is:Processed Data / Meaningful Data which can be used totake,

Important decisions.

Example:After seeing the information of his result, a student mighttake a decision whether to:

Continue studies,

Continue in same college,

Join some business.After seeing the information, a director might take adecision whether to:

Change subject faculty,

Remove that faculty altogether.

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Data v/s Information

Data & Information:

There is a major difference between these2 things.

However many a times, both the words

Data & Information are used

interchangeably.

Procedure

to

Process

Data

Data

Information-1

Information-2

Information-n

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Data Structure

Data Structure:Way/Method to store data so that,

Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc)

can be applied on that data and,

Information from that stored data can be

accessed quickly and efficiently.

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Tell the Structure?Data: Books

Randomly arranged on top of each other

Properly arranged by subject, author etc.

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Tell the Structure?Data: Light Bills, Phone Bills, Water Bills of different months

Everything in a

single file.

Everything in a single file with markers.

In 3 different files

sorted by month etc.

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Data Structure

Data Structure:Way/Method to store data so that,

Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc) can be applied onthat data and,

Information from that stored data can be accessed quickly andefficiently.

ORIt is a triplet consisting of:

D: (What is stored?)

Data that can be stored in the structure.

F: (Why it is stored?)

Functions / Operations that can be done on the stored data.A: (How is it stored?)

Axioms (Rules) to be applied when storing the data.

So,

Data Structure (DS) = (D, F, A)

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Data Structure

Data Structure:We are already aware about,

The advantages of,Storing the same data in a computer than,

Storing in a physical file / physical world.

Example:

Students marksheet stored on physical paper compared tothe same marksheet stored in some software (Excel) ofComputer.

Advantages of storing data in a computer:More accessing speed and hence less time consuming.

More accuracy.

Changes / Modifications could be easily done.

No problem of concentration.Not tempted and does not use Facebook.

Will not get tired.Does not require food, drinks apart from electricity.

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Data Structure

Data Structure:How to store data in a computer?

Examples:Student Marksheet:

Microsoft Excel

Letters:

Microsoft Word

Music Files:In different folders according to Genre.

3D designs:

3D Home Architect / AutoCad

Dates:

Excel, Database, ?

Mathematical Equations such as Polynomials:

?

Family Tree of a Person:

?

Route / Path of a Flight:

?

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Data Structure

Data Structure Using C:How to store data in a computer?

By instructing the computer,

By commanding the computer,

By programming the computer using,

Any programming language such as:

C, C++, Java

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Data Structure

Data Structure Using C:Examples:

34:

int

99.50:

float

a:

char

List of roll numbers / List of marks:

ArrayFamily Tree:

Tree

Path / Route of a Flight:

Graph

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Data Structure

int

char

float

Array Tree

9 7 3 0 5 9

7

3

0

5

V/S V/S

Built-InCreated

LinearNon-

Linear

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Classification of Data Structures

Primitive Non-Primitive Non-Non-Primitive

Basic Classic Complex

int

char

float

boolean

Lattice

Petri Nets

Neural Nets

Search Graphs

Semantic Nets

Data Structures

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Classification of Data Structures

Linear Non-Linear

Array Linked List Stack Queue Trees Graphs Tables Sets

Non-Primitive / Classic Data Structures