Devs Project (2)

8/2/2019 Devs Project (2)

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INTRODUCTION

The industries are the backbone of the countries. Today many industries have emerged into

light giving employment and financial support to the countrys economy. Among these

small scale industries have come up with a boom. Today they support to large group people

in villages increasing their standard of living. In advanced counties dairying is a separate

industry but in India it is considered as a part of agriculture wastages to feed animals and

animals waste in turn as a source of fuel and fertilizer.

Due to surplus availability of milk in the villages the idea of dairy was emerged. Dairy has

become an eminent part of village occupation. In a country like India where around more

than 60% of people are still living in villages dairy has proved to be a good source of

income. In India, farming is a seasonal occupation. In down season people migrate to cities

to find job which is very tormenting task for a simple villager. In that case dairy has

provided a source of income at their doorstep.

The Orissa state co-operative milk producers federation (OMFED) came into being in the

year 1980-81 in the second phase of the operation flood program. With the financial

assistance of the Indian Dairy Corporation (IOC) technical know-how of the National Dairy

Development Board (NDDB) and due patronage of the state government to replicate

Gujarats famous Anand pattern of Indian dairy cooperatives. at the village level there are

milk producers co-operative societies, at the district level there are milk unions and at thestate level there is milk federation, which is an overseeing body. Only four undivided

districts have been taken up under this program so far e.g. Cuttack, Puri, Dhenkanal and

Keonjhar. Subsequently the scope of the federation further expanded to the district Ganjam,

Sambalpur, Sundergarh and Balasore, Koraput, Sundargarh, Kalahandi etc.

In the field of marketing of milk, milk products and other products OMFED has playing a

vital role. It also gives employment to any village farmers, milkman and also give them a

hand sum return on their production. It supplies around more than 1, 00,000 liters of milk

daily. By seeing the sales and demand of OMFED products especially on the milk and milk

products we can say that OMFED has a monopoly power in the milk marketing in the

urban areas like Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Puri and other city of Orissa. Except milk product

OMFED also marketing their agro products kandhamala haldi, mustard seed and

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horticulture products like Squash, jam, sauce, pickle, juice, recently OMFED lunches own

OMFED Ice-cream from 16/08/2010 at BBSR Diary.

In country like India where the cattle population is very huge, dairy good intuitive approach

involving a large no. of man power and the cattle population steering them in a right path

bringing prosperity to both the country and its people. This idea saw the emergence of the

white revolution.

Demand of milk and milk product is continuously increasing, so the better utilization of

milk and milk products are essential for the dairy company. In Orissa the demand of milk

product is increasing day by day. As we know most people from Orissa are farmers they

lots of depending towards agriculture and milk buisness.maximum people doing milk

business for their day to expanses and they also getting profit. Profitability does not mean

only earning money but also it mean how happily the local venders doing this milk

business.

OBJECTIVES

The following are the objectives of the study:

1. To find out the better utilization of cow milk.

2. To find out the demand of chhenna and pannier in the market.

3. To find out the profitability product in the market.4. To find out the monthly income of the venders though chhenna and panneer business.

5. To find out the chhenna and panneer marketing network by the local venders.

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METHODOLOGY

Investigation methodology is the way to analysis different aspects systematically to

research at a definite solution. For the fulfillment of the objective of the study effective

methodology and methods of data collection are quite necessary. In methodology various

steps are adopted for problem identification and to find out appropriate remedial measures.

As the core objectives of the study is to know the better utilization of cow milk and demand

of milk product in Orissa market. The study should be oriented toward different venders,

and farmers, methodology followed in this study is based on primary and secondary data.

Primary Source

Primary data was collected through the open ended and close ended questions of the

questionnaire, direct interaction with the venders are done.

Secondary Source

Secondary data, which were collected from office, magazines, and published journal and

from project record.

Collection of primary data is a hand task. Preplanned, pre tested and unbiased

questionnaires have been prepared to collect data from venders. The questionnaire is aimed

to know the distribution of milk and milk product in market. Data are collected randomly

from different venders from Adaspur and Niyali region.

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Personal Interview Method

Personal interview method is another source of collection of data. Since the venders are

busy on the scheduled working period it is very difficult to filled up the questionnaires. So I

prepared a semi structure questionnaire for them so that they can answer the entire question

within 5-10 minutes. I also give him a request letter to them to give the address of their

customer so that I can meet them personally and interview them. For customer I prepared a

full structure questionnaire and give them to fill up.

Background of the Study

The Orissa state co-operative milk producers federation (OMFED) came into being in the

year 1980-81 in the second phase of the operation flood program. With the financial

assistance of the Indian Dairy Corporation (IOC) technical know-how of the National Dairy

Development Board (NDDB) and due patronage of the state government to replicate

Gujarats famous Anand pattern of Indian dairy cooperatives.

The background of the study mainly concern about the conversions process of milk in to

chhenna and pannier and marketing network by the local venders.

CONVERSION PROCESS OF CHANNA & PANEER

PANEER

Paneer refers to the indigenous variety of rennet-coagulated, small-sized, soft cheese.

Composition

Characteristics Cow (%) Buffalo (%)

Moisture 71.2 71.1

Fat 13.5 13.1

Total solids 28.8 28.9

Method of preparation: - Surati Cheese or paneer is the bestknown of the few indigenous varieties of cheese. The name

Surati appears to have been derived from the town of Surat.

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Technique of production: - Fresh buffalo milk, standardized to 6 per cent fat, is

pasteurized by heating it to 78 for 20 seconds and promptly cooling it to 35 . About 0.5

to 2 kg of this milk is placed in the coagulating pan and the temperature maintained at 35

by circulating warm water in the jacket. Good quality lactic starter @ 0.5 per cent of milk is

now added to the milk and thoroughly mixed into it. This is followed by the addition of

rennet @6-7ml/100 lit. milk, the rennet being previously diluted with about 20 times its

volume of water (The quantity of rennet added should be such as to give a clean cut in the

curd at the end of about 60 minutes.) after mixing it adequately, the renneted milk is

allowed to set till a firm coagulum fit for basketing is obtained. The temperature during this

time is maintained at 35 . The curd is then ladled out with a vertical slant in thin slices,

and filled into especially made bamboo/wicker baskets. These baskets are previously

prepared by cleaning them with heated water, keeping them soaked in a 10% lukewarm salt

solution for about 10 minutes, and then tkm hinly dressed with salt. Each successive layer

of curd put into the baskets is uniformly sprinkled with salt. Salting is done @ 4-5% of the

green cheese (which works out to approximately 2% of the milk taken). After they have

been filled, the baskets are placed on the draining rack to allow for drainage of whey,

which is collected in a tray placed underneath. Generally, at the end of 50 to 60 minutes,

the individual pieces of cheese are firm enough to be handled without breaking. At this

stage, they are carefully turned upside down in their respective baskets. This is known asthe First Turning. After draining them for a further 30-40 minutes, the cheeses, on

attaining the desired firmness and consistency, are subjected to their Second Turning. The

collected whey is then strained through a muslin cloth and kept in the cheese-soaking basin.

The pieces of cheese are removed from the baskets and carefully submerged in the whey.

They are then left steeped in whey for 12-36 hours till disposed of or used. The yield of

surati paneer is approximately 28.5% for cow and 34.0% for buffalo milk.

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CHHENA

Chhena, also called paneer in certain parts of the country, constitutes one of the two chief

bases (the other being khoa) for the preparation of indigenous sweetmeats. Chhana refers to

the milk-solids obtained by the acid coagulation of boiled hot whole milk and subsequent

drainage of whey. The acids commonly used are lactic or citric, in both natural and

chemical forms. It should not contain more than 70% moisture, and the milk fat content

should not be less than 50.0 per cent of the dry matter.

Composition

Method of production: - There are two methods for making chhana, which are adopted by

commercial manufacturers.

Batch method: Usually all the milk for chhana-making is brought to boil by heating it

directly in a large iron pan over an open fire, all the while stirring it with a laddle, and laterkeeping it simmering hot in the pan. This hot milk is ladled out in batches of 0.5 to 1kg into

a separate coagulation vessel, either already containing, or to which is promptly added the

required quantity of the coagulant. The latter is normally cleansed sour chhana-whey,

which is maintained in a large earthen vessel from day to day. The mixture of milk and

whey is stirred with the ladle, and when it has completely coagulated, the contents are

poured over a piece of clean muslin cloth stretched over another vessel (for receiving the

whey). The process is repeated till all the milk is used up. The cloth containing the

coagulated solids is then removed, tied up into a bundle without applying pressure and

hung up not only to drain out the whey completely but also to cool the chhana-pot.

Bulk method: All the milk (5-15kg) is brought to boil as above in the pan, which is then

removed from the fire. The coagulant is then added slowly and gradually in the required

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Characteristics Cow (%) Buffalo (%)

Moisture 53.4 51.6

Fat 24.8 29.6

Protein 17.4 14.4

Lactose 2.1 2.3

Ash 2.1 2.0


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quantity to the entire lot of milk and stirred with the ladle so that it mixes properly and

clear coagulation takes place. The chhana is collected by straining it through a cloth.

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LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Every action has equal and opposite reaction so everything have some advantage and

limitation also. So this investigation has some limitation.

These are as follows1. The prime limitation is the time factor i.e. the short time duration is the most obstacles to

complete the study.

2. All data are not declared by the company and internal data are kept confidential.

Non-cooperation and business of some shopkeepers make it different to analysis the

report.

3. The study area is small in size together accurate information about the project.

Our project is done in Cuttack may not represent the figure of the whole orissa state.

Incomes consideration is doubtful.

4. Non availability of secondary data was a problem.

CHAPTER-2

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(ORGANISATION OVERVIEW)1. ACTIVITIES

2. OBJECTIVE OF OMFED

3. PRODUCTS OF OMFED

ORGANISATION OVERVIEW

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The Orissa State Cooperative Milk Producers' Federation Limited (OMFED)

is an apex level Dairy Cooperative Society registered under Cooperative Society Act

1962. It has come into existence to integrate the milk producers in rural areas with

consumers in the urban areas with an enterprising aptitude.

OMFED's main activities include promoting, production, procurement, processing and

marketing of milk & milk products for economic development of the rural farming

community in Orissa.

Being one of the poorest states, majority of the population are dependent on the

traditional occupation like agriculture, diary and handloom in some parts of Orissa. The

process of industrialization has always been slow though the state enjoys a great variety of

mineral resources. Poor irrigation facility made agriculture as a part time occupation for a

majority of marginal farmers. The farmers use to travel to urban centres as daily wage

earners and this practice made their life more miserable due to exploitation and there was a

large concentration of cattle in the rural areas in the form of cows and buffalos. They

supported the family requirements only and the cast of Gauda traditionally sells the milk in

the area. The rich had the privilege of keeping cows for their own use and celebrations. It

was never thought of as a viable alternative of livelihood for many farmers till Omfed came

in to existence. The journey of Omfed has changed the life of many families in Orissa,

particularly in the coastal and western part of Orissa. Omfed has emerged as the trustedmilk man to all its stake holders. The urban middleclass has a product which is safe and

clean for their children and has a quality assurance on content and hygiene. The process

itself pasteurizes the milk and kills the germs and bacteria.

Milk is served fresh every day twice to the urban consumers and shopkeepers in a fresh

poly pack. This milk is collected from different parts of the state and are brought to the

chilling plant .They are packaged in assortments for sale in the markets. Other than the

different varieties of toned milk Omfed also markets various kinds of value added products

like ghee, sweet and plain curd milk, table butter and butter milk.In the summers of 1998

Omfed experimented by test marketing horticulture products in the form of pickle ,tomato

sauce, orange squash, lemon squash ,juices , mango and pine apple squash. These products

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were initially test marketed in the urban cities of Orissa and the results were very

motivating for them to go for full scale launch in the subsequent period of time. Omfed had

an advantage through its vast network of milk booths to make the product available

immediately to consumers. There was literally no investment to market horticulture

products as the customers saw them in the Omfed milk booths every time they visited the

booth. The second advantage the brand quality assurance. Though the products were

manufactured by the horticulture department, they were marketed as Omfed brands in the

market.

These products have a high seasonal demand during summers and availability of these

items in the milk booths made the customer go for an early trial with fewer expenses in

promotion and advertising. The market for sauces, squash and pickles are traditionally

concentrated in Orissa due to the availability of branded items like Kissan, Druck and

Maggi. Omfed decided to break the restrictions of selling these products from the milk

booths only and launched the items through the intermediaries .Dealers and distributors

were appointed in different area and the product moved in to the grocery counters.

Prior to this development Omfed was selling the value added milk products like ghee,

butter and the butter milk through retailers. The butter milk was a success in the market aspeople preferred it in summers to the soft drinks due to the humid conditions in the market.

The sweet curd was also a success as housewives started buying them in the common

grocery for their children and there was a liking of the product by kids.

This success makes Omfed to look beyond their core strength of marketing milk and milk

related products to other business area. This was significant for them as they have also to

perform a social obligation in generating profitable employment to the rural poor through

their cooperative society network so that more and more are brought above the poverty

line.

ACTIVITIES

The principal activities of Omfed can be divided into the following categories:

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1. Organization of Anand pattern

2. Operation Flood program in Orissa

3. Procurement of milk

4. Technical inputs

5. Womens diary Project

6. Processing and Marketing

7. Omfed Products

8. Training

Anand Pattern

The Anand Pattern is the successful formula first adopted by the Kaira District Coop. Milk

Producers UnionLtd. (AMUL). This is to collectively procure, process and Market their

surplus milk. This is a Three Tier System- the Village Society, (Concerned Mainly with the

primary producers and collection of milk), the District Milk Union,(looking after milk

procurement, chilling and supply of technical inputs like Artificial Insemination, Animal

Health Care, Supply of Balanced Cattle Feed & Fodder,Training/Extension etc.) And the

Milk Federation looks after processing and marketing of Milk & Milk Products, Central

Technical Input activities etc. for milk yield enhancement Of the animals of the milk

Producers.

Anand Pattern is a system that is collectively Owned, Operated and Controlled by thefarmers. It ensures a fair price to the farmer and high quality milk and milk products to the

consumers. In short, the Anand Pattern means the utilization of resources in the most

profitable manner at grass-root level. The maximization of profit and production through

cooperative effort is the hallmark of the .Anand Pattern Structure of Anand Pattern The

basic unit under the Anand Pattern is a village cooperative society of milk producers. It is a

voluntary association of rural milk producers wishing to market their milk collectively. A

village coop. Society of primary producers is formed under the guidance of a Supervisor of

the milk union. A milk producer becomes a member by paying an entrance fee of Rs.1 and

buying a share of Rs.10. He/she must undertake to sell.

Surplus milk only to the Society after meeting his family's demand. The members elect the

Managing Committee of 9 members and the committee elects a Chairman out of

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themselves. Managing Committee Members are honorary. They employ a Secretary, Milk

Tester, A. I. Worker and Head Loader and so on to run the day-to-day business of the

society. Milk producers bring milk to the society every morning and evening. The quantity

of milk is measured. A small sample of milk is taken from the milk for testing its quality.

Payment for milk is made on the basis of its quality and quantity. The Milk Union carries

this collected milk from the society by their hired transport vehicles to their milk

chilling/processing plants. This comes from the profit of the society. The society makes

profit by selling the milk to the milk union and get bonus/price difference and milk union

gets profit by selling to the federation and also gets price difference out of the federations

profit.

Milk Union

A Board of Directors who get elected in the following manner manages the milk union:

12-are elected farmer representatives.

1- A nominee of the financing institution (NDDB)

2- 01- A nominee of the Milk Federation (Omfed).

01- General Manager of the Milk Union as the Ex-officio Secretary.

At present, collector is the chairman of the Milk Union. General Manager is the

Chief Business Officer of the Union who in turn appoints other managerial, technical and

staff employees. This Board frames milk unions policies regarding milk procurement andsupply, fund management etc. whereas the General Manager looks after the day-to-day

operation under the guidance and direction of the board.

Every society is continuously guided, supervised and controlled by the union so that it

remains efficient, strong and viable. There is a continuous and concurrent audit of all the

societies on a quality basis to ensure a clean milk business.

Milk Federation

The Federation is managed by a Board of Directors elected in the following manner:

1.Three are Government of Orissa nominees.

2.One from the financing agency.

3.The selected chairmen of the Affiliated Milk Unions

The Chairman of the Federation is to be elected by the board of directors. The Federation

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looks after processing and marketing of the milk and milk products.

Anand Pattern cooperative milk producers' organization (Figure 2.1)

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OPERATION FLOOD- 1

The govt. of India launches operation flood project in 1970. It was aimed at creating

flood of rurally produced milk in the urban consuming center. The first phase of this

program (operation flood 1) had five years duration from 1970-75. It was started in 1970

covering ten states and one union territory, having 18 th milk sheds i.e. Andhra Pradesh,

Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, Uttarpradesh, West

Bengal and Delhi.

The project had an initial outlay of Rs. 94.5, which was later increased to Rs. 116.40 crore.

It was mainly aimed at developing the milk marketing system in the country.As such major

demand center like Delhi, Kolkata, Bombay and Delhi are linked with rural milk producing

pockets in the country. The funds for the implementation of operation flood program were

generated by the sale of 127.517 tones of skim milk power and36, 696 tones to butter oil

provided by world food programme. A total of 116.4 cores were generated for the

implementation of this programme. Indian Dairy Corporation was specially set up by the

central government for receiving these gift commodities and generating their funds by their

sale for implementation of the project.

OBJECTIVESThe programme had following major co-operatives:-

Increase in the capacity of milk processing facilities.

Change in the urban markets form traditional raw milk supplies to the modern dairies milk

supplies.

Resettlement of city based cattle in rural areas.

DevelopmDevelopement of long distance milk transportation and storage facilities.

Development of milk procurement system like Anand pattern.

Improvement in Dairy Farming Standard.

Operation Flood Program in Orissa

Operation Flood II

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The Operation Flood II Program, which was launched under the aegis of National Dairy

Development Board (NDDB) implemented in the state of Orissa from 1981, initially

covering four districts viz., Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Keonjhar, and Puri. The Orissa State

Cooperative Milk Producers Federation came in to being from the year 1980-81, after

Taking over the Phulanakhara dairy and the functioning started form 26th January 1981.

This followed an agreement signed on the 30th May 1979 between the Govt. of Orissa and

the then Indian Dairy Corporation (now amalgamated with the National Dairy

Development Board) for implementation of Operation Flood Project II by the Govt. of

India, the State Government, the Indian Dairy Corporation, the National Dairy

Development Board and the Milk Producers Cooperatives, with assistance from the

international Development Association. This was later buttressed by a guaranteed deed

dated 05.09.81 given by the then Forest, Fisheries and Animal Husbandry Department on

behalf of the state Government, to the then Indian Dairy Corporation for financial

assistance to be received as per the Loans-cum-Grants Agreements by the Orissa Milk

Federation from the Indian Dairy Corporation. The Operation Flood II Program ended on

30.09.87.

OMFED started functioning from its own corporative office building at R-2 Shahid Nagar

8thAPril 1985. One chilling plant of 10,000 LPD was started at Tritol in June 1985 byCuttack milk union and another one with 20,000 LPD capacities by Puri milk union.

One Dairy Plant of 60,000 litres per day capacity was commissioned in December 1985.

There are 10 nos. of chilling plants with a total capacity of 48,500 litres per day. Cattle feed

plant of 100 MT capacity also started functioning from September 1985. A Training-cum-

Demonstration center was organized at Jagannathpur, Puri near Cuttack-Bhubaneswar

national highway after the State Govt. handed over the land along with the

infrastructures existing there on a management basis. Under Production Enhancement

Program input facilities were provided to the producers through District Milk Unions and

Dairy cooperative Societies under the technical and financial assistance of NDDB.

Operation Flood III

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The Operation Flood III Program is implemented in Operation Flood districts of the state

from October87. Under this program the Sambalpur district is included from

August 1989. Expansion of Bhubaneswar Dairy from 60,000 LPD to 75,000 LPD;

expansion of Tirtol Milk Chilling Center from 10,000 LPD to 20,000 LPD; a new chilling

plant with a capacity of 20,000 LPD at Nimapara (Puri) in place of 4000 LPD Unit;

strengthening of Cattle feed plant at Radhadamodarpur (Cuttack) are some of the major

projects taken up under the Operation Flood III Program.

For this purpose, a letter of understanding between the State Govt., represented by

the then forest, Fisheries and Animal Husbandry Department (latter renamed as Fisheries

and Animal Resources Development Department) and the National Dairy Development

Board, as successor of the erstwhile Indian Dairy Corporation was signed on 27.08.1988,

specifying the parameters for implementing the Operation Flood III Program. The Loan-

cum-Grant Agreement between the National Dairy Development Board and the Orissa

Milk Federation as well as the concerned District Milk Unions for the financial assistance

under Operation Flood III has been executed. The state Govt. guarantee on behalf of the

Orissa Milk Federation and the District Milk Unions as the letter of understanding to the

National Dairy Development Board has been executed on 05.05.92.

The organization was established with the following objectives

To carry out activities for promoting production, procurement, processing andmarketing of milk & milk products for economic development of the rural farming

community.

Development and expansion of such allied activities as may be conductive for the

promotion of the dairy industry. Improvement and protection of milch animals and

economic betterment of those engaged in milk production. In particular and without

prejudice to the generality of the forgoing objective, the federation may:

Purchase and/or erect building, plant machinery and other ancillary objects to carry

out business

Study problems of mutual interest related to procurement, marketing of dairy and

allied products

Purchase commodities from the members of other sources without affecting the

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Interest of the members, process, manufacture, distribute and sell them same, arrange

to manufacture / purchase and distribute balanced cattle feed and for the purpose to

set up Milk collection and chilling centres, Milk Processing Plants, Product factories

Etc, in any of the district covered under its area of operation

Provide veterinary aid and artificial insemination services and to undertake animal

husbandry activities so as to improve animal health care disease control facilities

Advice, guide and assists the Milk Union in all respects of management, supervision

audit functions

.Render technical, administrative, financial and other necessary assistance to the

member unions and enter in to collaboration agreement with someone, if the need

arises

Advise the member unions on price fixations, public relation and allied matters

A brief note on Sambalpur Dairy

Sambalpur dairy a unit of OMFED (Orissa state co-op. Milk producers federation) was

commissioned on 01.01.1990 under operation flood programme (phase-iii) of NDDB by an

agreement with the government of orissa.

The old chiplima chilling unit having a capacity of 2000 LPD (litre per day) at the state

dairy farm established by the sambalpur districts milk union was closed and OMFED

started its new 10,000 ltrs plant at an estimated project cost of Rs 66.80 lakh for theundivided sambalpur district near Goshala chhack in an area of 6.0 acres adjacent to N.H-6.

On the first day, the unit collected only 2207 Kgs of raw milk from the nearby MPCS.

Recently the plant capacity has increased to 50,000 Ltrs at the capital cost of approx. 1.5

crores. After expansion the unit is not only catering pasteurised full cream milk & toned

milk for the customer of sambalpur, bargarh, balangir burla, hirakud, deogarh, padampur

etc. But also added new products like ghee, sweet curd, plain curd, butter milk etc. With in

the present capacity.

SALIENT FEATURE OF OMFED DAIRY:-

INSTALLED CAPACITY- 50,000 LITRES PER DAY

PROJECT EXECUTED BY-NATIONAL DAIRY DEVELOPMENT BOARD

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INITIAL PROJECT COST- 66.80 LAKH

EXPANSION PROJECT COST- 1.5 CRORES

TRIAL RUN STARTED ON -1ST JANUARY, 1990

MARKETING AREA- SAMBALPUR, BURLA, DEOGARH, RENGALI,

REDHAKHOL, BARGARH, PADAMPUR, SONEPUR, TITILAGARH, NUAPADA

MILK SHED AREA- DEOGARH, SAMBALPUR, BARGARH, BOLANGIR

Machineries available (table 2.1)

SL.NO DESCRIPTION QUANTITY CAPACITY

01 S.S. Storage tanks 06 50,000 Lts

02 Pasteuriser 02 2,000 LPH each

03 Homogeniser 01 2,500 LPH

04 Tripurpose separator 02 2500LPH,2000 LPH

05 Reconstitution tank 01 1000 Ltrs

06 Packaging unit 04 5000 Ltrs/ hr

7 Refrigeration compressor 05 30 Ton

08 Air compressor 02 06 M3/Hr

09 D.G sets 02 63 KVA/ 50 KVA

10 Boilers (coal fired) 02 300 kg/ hr

11 Bore well 02 800 LPH each

12 Substation 01 200 KVA

13 Effluent treatment plant 01 30000 Ltrs

MANAGEMENT:-

The Orissa state co-operative milk producers federation Ltd. Is controlled by a board of

directors which consist of chairmen of affiliated milk unions. Three nominees of the

government of Orissa, a nominee of the national dairy development board and managing

director of the federation (who is an ex-office member). The chairman of the board elected

amongst the member of the board. The post of chairman of the federation is honorary.

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Procurement of Milk

The milk is collected from the village based milk producers through the village

Dairy cooperative Societies. The farmers of society villages bring their surplus milk to

the society, where it is tested, quantified and the value of the milk is being fixed. Again

from the society level the milk being lifted to nearest chilling plant where it is chilled

to 5c and the same milk after chilling is transported to the nearest Dairy for processing,

packing and marketing. After marketing of milk and milk products, the realization is

routed back the producers once in 10 days in the same manner. This organization

establishes linkage from producers to consumers.

Technical Input Program

Procurement of Milk depends upon its production. If the production of milk Enhanced, the

surplus of milk will be higher, and the procurement will be increased. The production of

milk depends upon the productivity of the mulch animals and the productivity of the animal

depends upon its breeding, feeding, health care and Maintenance. So to enhance milk

procurement, different programs are being organized in the society level and the milk

producers getting the facilities at their doorsteps, are called the Technical Input Programs. Artificial Insemination: The population of crossbred milch animals in our state is very

small. For better productivity good quality milch animals are essential. So 350 Dairy

Cooperative Societies provided with Artificial Insemination facilities, out of which 18

centres are cluster centres. The society secretaries have been trained as inseminators by

OMFED. For this service, the Liquid Nitrogen, Frozen semen and all the accessories are

being supplied to the societies free of cost.

Feed and Fodder Program: In addition to the marketing support the farmers are

provided with the best quality of cattle feed at a reasonable price from the Cattle Feed

Plant, which is owned and managed by OMFED. Fodder seeds and fodder slips are

provided free of cost to the farmers. OMFED sales around 10 KMT of cattle feeds

annually to its farmer members.

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Animal Health Care: For better yield / productivity, maintenance of milch animal is

important. The crossbreed animals need better care than the indigenous cows. So

facilities like first aid medicines, travois are being provided to the societies free of

cost. Infertility camps, veterinary routes are being conducted by the experienced

veterinarians of the Milk Unions.

Training: The Federation has established an Integrated Training and Demonstration

Center (OMTDC) at Jagannathpur in the district of Khurdha. The Training Center has

so far imparted training to society persons in society management, artificial

insemination, first aid, dairy animal management and management committee

members. Besides these, other training programs are also conducted in this Training

Center. Training has a well-furnished hostel accommodation for 100 trainees.

Interested institutions inside the state also use these facilities on payment basis for

Various training programs.

Embryo Transfer Technology: A highly sophisticated Embryo Transfer Technology

Project has been implemented by the federation as a state project, since March 1992.

This is assisted by NDDB to carry the most advanced technology from the laboratory

to the field for the benefit of farmers to increase the milk production.

Programs:National Technology mission on Dairy Development: National Technology

Mission was formulated by N.D.D.B. and was implemented in 5 Operation Flood

Districts. Its main aim was to co-ordinate among various functionaries who were

engaged in strengthening of rural farmers. Veterinary Dispensaries were equipped

With breeding facilities and these dispensaries became the nerve center of rural

milk producers.

Cooperative Development Program: The program is being formulated by

N.D.D.B. Its main aim was to inculcate co-operative spirit in the rural milk

Farmers to manage their own business

Indo Swiss Project: Indo-Swiss project was a bilateral program between Govt. of

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India and Swiss Govt. which is now under implementation in Gajam & Gajapati

district. Its main aim is to improve the productivity of animal and to provide

round the year marketing facilities at the door step of the farmer.

Womens Diary Project

This project started in 1995 in un-divided districts of Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Puri,

Sambalpur and Keonjhar and is implemented through respective milk unions. The

Objectives of the program include

Improvement of Economic status of the rural women through efficient and modern

Dairy management and availability of assistance for dairy farming in shape of

Subsidized cattle feed, fodder, animal health care, cattle insurance and grouped

Insurance coverage and training programs.

Improvement of social status of rural women by formation of Anand Pattern all-

Women dairy co-operative societies and establishing linkage with related

organization for assistance on health, immunization, nutrition, literacy mission,

drinking water income generation and women empowerment etc.

Enabling the women groups to take up employment-cum-income generation

programs through dairying.

Processing and Marketing. The urban consumer is the last point of the Milk Flow System of Operation

Flood Program. The first point is the rural milk producer, who produces milk. Thus

Omfed not only plays a vital role to link both the points through its activities but also

Channelize crores of rupees from urban sector to rural sector in this system.

Out of the five Flood Districts, only Dhenkanal & Keonjhar Milk Unions market

Milk through their respective Dairies (Dhenkanal & Keonjhar Dairy) in the brand name of

"Omfed". The Dhenkanal Milk Union markets its milk, in towns like Dhenkanal,Talcher,

Nalco Nagar, and Angul etc. And Keonjhar Milk Union markets milk in towns Like

Keonjhar, Joda, Badbil, Anandpur etc. and supply surplus milk to Omfed. Generally Milks

are being marketed by Omfed, from its dairies by it's authorized retailers in Different towns

of the state.

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Affiliated milk unions (figure 2.4)

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25

Managing Director

(IAS)

Personal

manager

Material

manager

MIS

manager

Finance

manager

Marketing

manager

Project

manager

Plant manager

(Sambalpur unit)

Assistant managerAssistant manager

SuperintendentSuperintendent

Plant operator Assistant superintendent

Worker Junior Assistant


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Organizational structure

OBJECTIVES OF OMFED

To carry out activities for promoting production. procurement, processing and marketing of milk &

milk products for economic development of the rural farming community.

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Development and expansion of such allied activities as may be conducive for the promotion of the

dairy industry. Improveme nt and protection of milch animals and economic betterment of those

engaged in milk production. In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the forgoing

objective, the federation may:-

Purchase and/or erect building, plant machinery and other ancillary objects to carry out business.

Study problems of mutual interest related to procurement, marketing of dairy and allied products.

Purchase commodities from the members of other sources without affecting the interest of the

members,process,manufacture, distribute and sell them same, arrange to manufacture / purchase

and distribute balanced cattle feed and for the purpose to set up Milk collection and chilling

centers, Milk Processing Plants, Product factories etc, in any of the district covered under its areaof operation.

Provide veterinary aid and artificial insemination services and to undertake animal

husbandry activities so as to improve animal health care disease control facilities.

Advice,guide and assists the Milk Union in all respects of management, supervision audit

functions.

Render technical, administrative, financial and other necessary assistance to the member unions

and enter in to collaboration agreement with someone, if the need arises.

Advise the member unions on price fixations, public relation and allied matters.

PRODUCTS OF OMFED

Now a day OMFED sells qualitative milk and the product to the consumers

demand and human welfare. It sells homogenized and pasteurized toned milk in addition of

vitamin A in liter milk packets. There are three type of pasteurized homogenized milk

produced by OMFED. They are:-

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Toned milk:- in this type of milk there is 3% of fat and 8.5 solid not fat (SNF) as proved

under the food adulteration Act.

Doubled toned milk:- in this type of milk the percentage of fat is 1.5 % and solid not fat is

9. Generally the raw milk contains 4% of fat and 8% of SNF the so doubled toned milk is

produced by 1% of skimmed milk.

Full cream milk:- in this type the percentage of fat and SNF the so doubled toned milk is

produced by 1% of skimmed milk.

PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE

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The Orissa state Co-operative milk producers federation was started on 20th

January, 1981. Under the operation flood-1 Programme. The main objective of the starting

this federation was to develop the dairy industry as an organized sector in Orissa. Every

morning and evening, the society buys the surplus milk from the member producers. The

producer is paid for the milk daily. The payment is make on the basis of fat and SNF (solid

not fat) content in the milk. This type of pricing is called two axis pricing. After the

collection, of the milk is transported to the nearest chilling plants of the district milk unions

through vehicle engaged by the union or by the head load. Expenditure related to milk

transportation from society to the chilling plants is borne by the milk unions. The procured

milk collected by the milk unions transported to chilling centers by milk cans and again

testing society wise and to societies are paid as per their quality and quantity of milk

generally the milk bill payment of the societies are mode in 10 days intervals by the

respective milk union. The procured milk from the societies are mode in 10 days intervals

by the respective milk union. The procured milk from the societies chilled in the milk is

transported to the dairy plants for processing and marketing. The milk is transported from

chilling plants to dairy through insulated road tankers or in cans by the federation. The milk

received at the dairy dock again tested and milk bill IS prepared on the basis of the fat and

SNF content of the milk. To ensure favorable temperatures of milk there are 14 milk

chilling centers installed in the undivided five operation flood districts of Orissa (i.e:-Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Keonjhar, Puri & Sambalpur) out of these Keonjhar milk in an is

supplying their surplus chilled milk to OMFED (Bhubaneswar dairy and Keonjhar

dairy).The Cuttack milk union and Puri milk union are supplying their chilled milk to

Bhubaneswar, which owned by OMFED. Milk having different quality and quantity is

received at dairies-mixed together and stored in the milk tanks in a specific temperature

then homogenization standardization and pasteurization are done and vitamin A is added

to milk as per the Government rule and cost of vitamin A is reimbursed form the

Government. Out of the processed milk market milk (toned milk, doubled toned milk each

produced and packet in automatic machine in half liter and one liter. Attractive poly packs

and sent to market.

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PROCUREMENT AND STORAGE

The raw milk is produced from the chilling plants of the milk union through

tankers. This milk is a chilled to about 2 to 3 Celsius by pumping the milk though a plate

heat exchanger, in which the cooling medium is chilled water at 0 C. The raw milk is then

stored in an insulated raw milk tank if 15000liters, capacity for future processing.

PASTEURISATION AND STANDARDISATION

The raw milk which is contains about 3.7-4.0% fat and about 7.8-8.0% other solids.

However the standard prescribed for Orissa by the presentation of food Adulteration Act is

3.0% fat and 8.0% SNF. So to meet this standard a celebrated mount of skimmed milk

(milk not containing fat) is added to the raw milk. Now the toned milk is prepared.

The milk is then heated up to 80C and hold at this temperature for 15 seconds and

again chilled to below 4C for storage. The process is done in a plate heat exchanger which

has different sections and by using that water as heating and chilling water media. The

pasture also contains some regenerative sections where the cold milk is heated by the hot

milk packing in the opposite direction. This result is a drastic saving of energy. The milk

after processing is stored in insulated tanks.

During the processing of milk in which it is heated 80C and hold for 15 seconds, all the

pathogenic bacteria and spoiled. Also the bacteria which caused the curding of milk isrendered in effective at this temperature. This milk is then chilled to get longer storing life.

HOMOGENISATION

During the pasteurization of milk, it is also pumped through homogenizer. In this milk is

made to pass through value at a pressure of 2500 ponds per square inch. In this process the

milks fat particles get broken down to size of less than 2 microns of this size the fat

globules remains suspended in the milk and do not get separate our during storage, packing

or transportation.

PACKING

The pasteurized standard milk is then pack in half and one Ur. Polythene sheets, by an

automatic electronically controlled packing machine. The polythene is rendered sterile by

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passing, it over on ultra-violate light, before it is making into packets and the milk is filled

into it. The liter packets are then stored in creates and put in the cold stores in for storage

till dispatch. The cold store is maintained at a temperature of 0.C

FOOD AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF MILK

Milk is an auto most ideal food. It supplies body building proteins, bone forming minerals

giving vitamins and furnishes energy giving lactose and milk fat. Besides supplying certain

essentials fatty acids, it contains the above nutrients in equally digestible and food for

pregnant mother, growing children, adults individuals and patients alike. So all categories

of people uses the milk, this contains many nutritive values which are very necessary for

the growth and development of our body and mind. This contains protein minerals,

vitamins, fats, lactose. In milk there are 9.3 c/g fat, 4.1 c/g sugar and 1000 food calories.

Through the OMFED milk contains these nutritive values. Which is very necessary for the

growth of body and development of mind so all the categories of people whether pregnant

lady, small child, adults, patient all are uses the OMFED milk.

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Chapter 3

Data Processing & Analysis

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DATA ANALYSIS

In Niyali and Adaspur region maximum people are farmers. They are doing agricultural

activities seasonally but they are more depending towards milk and milk products business.

During my visit i have taken 40 samples from five villages namely tol Gopinathpur,

Jalarpur, Baharana, Purbakhanda and Baragodia under Niali and Adaspur Region, Dist-

Cuttack.

VENDORS HAVING OWN COW

Out of the 40 sample it was found that maximum venders having their own cows. Out of

40, 38 venders having their own cows and rest 8 venders dont have any cows but they

collecting milk from other nearest village.

In the following table it was found that in Tol Gopinathpur out of 10 venders 8 venders

having own cows and rest 2 venders doesnt have any cows. Like that in Purbkhanda 5

venders having own cows and 2 venders dont having any cows. In Jalarpur out of 6venders all having their own cows. In Baharana out of 9 venders 6 venders having own

cows and 1 vender dont have any cows. Such that in baragodia out of 8 samples 7 venders

having own cows and 1 vender dont having any cow.

TABLE NO-1 :-VENDORS HAVING OWN COW

VendersVILLAGES

Tol Gopinathpur Purbakhanda Jalarpur Baharana Baragodia

YES 8 5 6 6 7

NO 2 2 - 3 1

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Figure-1

Note;-T.G (Tol gopinathpur), P.K (Purbakhanda), Jalarpur, B.R (baharana),

B.G (Baragodia)

Venders having own cows they are more concentrating towards milk and milk products for

their day to day expanses. They have less concentrating on agriculture and other activities

for day to day expanses. Some venders are feeling happy with own cows because they

believe that in Hindu religion cow is our god.

On the other hand venders having no cow they also concentrating towards milk and milk

product business. The maximum venders are middleman, they purchasing milk from the

venders and selling it to the local market. They purchasing milk at the rate of rupees 13 to

15 per litter from local venders and converting the milk in to chhenna and pannier and

selling to the other parties and getting profit.

QUANTITY OF MILK COLLECT PER DAY

Both venders (having own cow and dont have cow) are collecting milk from own cows

and some venders are also collecting milk from the nearest village.

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In this table if we compare the collection of milk from the five villages maximum number

of venders collecting 51 to 150 liters of milk per day, like that the collection of milk above

350 liters per day is minimum. Out of 40 venders 6 venders are collecting 151-250 liters

per day.

In Tol gopinathpur the collection of 51-150 liters of milk per day is maximum and above

350 is the minimum, like that in purbakhanda the collection of milk below 50 is the

maximum and 51-150 liters of milk is the minimum. In baharana 151-250 liters of

collection is the maximum collection and above 350 liters of collection is the minimum

collection. In baragodia collection of 51-150 liters and above 350 liters is maximum and

below 50 and 151-250 liters is the minimum collection per day.

TABLE-2:- QUANTITY OF MILK COLLECT PER DAY

VILLAGE

Quantity Tol Gopinathpur Purbakhanda Jalarpur Baharana Baragodia

Below 50 2 4 2 - 1

51-150 5 1 2 2 3

151-250 2 - - 3 1

251-350 - 1 1 2 -

Above 350 1 1 1 1 3

From this above table the collection of above 350 liters of milk is very less etc. Bragadia

only four venders are collecting milk from the four villages the reason behind this is onevender from one village collecting more than 350 liters of milk from his own village and

from other village due to high profit. They purchasing milks from the local venders and

selling it to the customer and middle mans. They also converting the huge amount of milk

in to Chena and pannier for full fillment of high orders or to supply chhenna or pannier to

the hotels and tea soaps regularly. The geographical area of Baragodia is big and more

people regularly supplying Chena and pannier to Cuttack market so the collection of above

350 is high.

In some villages the collection is very less because they only selling milk or milk products

by own and they also involved in the other income sources.

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QUANTITY OF MILK CONVERT FOR CHHENNA AND PANNIER

Maximum venders converting milk in to chhena and pannier. They regularly preparing

chhena for their day to day expanses and they converting milk in to paneer,if they will get

extra order. Order like marriage order by the local people, high order from hotels.

From this table, it was found that in to gopinathpur 51-150 liters of milk converting for the

chhena and paneer making process by the 5 venders which is maximum and more than

350lt of milk converting for chenna and paneer is minimum.

If we compare among five villages, in case of below 50 liters, maximum venders are

converting milk in to chhenna and paneer in purbakhada.

In case of 51-150 liters, in Tolgopinathpur maximum venders converting milk in to

chhenna and pannier and in purbakhanda minimum venders are converting milk in to

chhenna and panner.

In case of 151-250 liters in baharana maximum venders converting milk in to chhenna and

pannier and in purbakhanda, jalarpur and baragodia nobody are converting milk in to

chhenna and panner.they directly selling milk to the middleman.

TABLE-3:- QUANTITY OF MILK CONVERT FOR CHHENNA AND PANNER

Quantity VillagesTol Gopinathpur Purbakhanda Jalarpur Baharana Baragodia

Below 50 2 3 1 - 251-150 5 2 3 4 3

151-250 2 - - 3 -

251-350 - 2 1 - -

Above 350 1 - 1 2 3

Maximum Venders Converting Chhenna and Panneer for profit. some venders are not

converting milk in to chhenna and pannier because they are involving in other activities.

they are not getting time for this preparation. In baharana maximum venders are involving

in this process because they totally depend open this business. in baragodia maximum

venders are middle man ,they totally involved in this process so they taking huge quantity

of milk to convert chhenna and pannier , after converting they selling it in to Cuttack

market.

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SUPPLY OF REMAINIG MILK

After taking milk for converting chhenna and panneer, the venders supplying remaining

milk to different firms or soap.

From the following table, it was found that maximum venders are not supplying milk to

anybody. Some venders supplying milk to dairy firms, tea soap and sweet soaps. Dairy

firms are also getting maximum quantity of milk.

TABLE-4 :- SUPPLY OF REMAINIG MILK

Firm/Soap Village


Local Sweet Soap - - - - -

Dairy Firm 3 - - 8 4

Tea Soap - 2 - - -

Not To Anybody 7 4 4 1 4

From the above table it was found that most of the venders are not supplying milk to

anybody because they converting milk in to chhenna and pannier and getting higher profit

as compare to the only milk business.

Dairy firm also getting milk from the venders because dairy firms regularly taking milk

from the venders and maximum venders are aware about dairy firms and the facilities

giving by the dairy

From this table it was found that nobody giving milk to local sweet soap because they

regularly supplying milk to dairy firms and converting chhenna and pannier for their day to

day expenses.

SUPPLY MILK TO DAIRY FIRM

From the previous table it was found that some venders are supplying milk to the dairy

firm. In the following table there are many dairy firms like omfed, seashore, kamadhenu

and others local milk society.

From this table it was found that omfed getting maximum quantity of milk from the

venders but other local society also getting milks from the venders.seasore and kamadhenu

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getting very less amount of milk from the venders. In jalapur maximum venders supplying

milk to omfed there no is 5.

TABLE-5 :-SUPPLY MILK TO DAIRY FIRM

Dairy Firm Villages


Omfed 3 2 1 5 4

Seashores - - - 1 -

Kamadhenu - - - - -

Other 7 9 4 3 3

Maximum venders giving milk to other local firm because they getting high profit. Vender

giving milk to omfed because they are well aware about omfed. Sea sore and kamadhenu

getting very few liters of milk because people are not well aware about seasore &

kamadhenu.

NOT SUPPLY TO OMFED

Maximum venders are not supplying milk to omfed due to less profit. Out of 40 samples

from the five villages 32 venders are agreed due to less profit they dont supplying milk to

omfed.8 venders from tolgopinathpur-3, jalarpur-2 and baharana-2 not supplying milk to

omfed due to other reasons. In jalarpur only one vender is not aware about omfed but

maximum venders are well aware about omfed.in this villages there is no problem for

transportation and payment. in purbakhanda out of 7 venders all agreed due to less profit

they not supplying milk to omfed.

TABLE-6 :- NOT SUPPLY TO OMFED

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Reason Villages


less profit 7 7 3 7 8

incovient

transportation

- - - - -

not aware about

omfed

- - 1 - -

delay in payment - - - - -

other 3 - 2 2 -

Maximum venders are not supplying milk to omfed due to less profit. They supplying milk

to the middle man and getting high profit as compare to omfed.

This village is very nearest to Cuttack so there is no transportation problem.

Maximum venders have the experience in this business so they are well aware about omfed.

Payment of omfed is on time, so there is no problem regarding to payment.

In these villages local peoples are also consuming for regular milk and the venders

supplying them regularly so they getting high profit as compare to the omfed.

The payment of omfed is also not stable.omfed paying according to the SLR and FAT level

of the milk due to this maximum venders not supplying milk to omfed.

DEMANDED PRODUCT IN THE MARKET

In Cuttack market there is huge demand of chhenna and pannier. Maximum quantity of

chhenna and pannier is supplying from Niyali and Adaspur region.

From the following table in purbakhanda one vender, in jalarpur 2, in baharana 5, and in

baragodia 3 venders are agreed that chheena is more demanded product in the market.

For penneer in tol gopinathpur 3, purbakhanda 3, jalarpur 1, baharana 1, and baragodia 2venders are thinking pannier is the demanded product in the market.

Like That In Case Of Both Chhenna and Panneer, in tol gopinathpur 7, purbakhanda 2,

jalarpur 1, baharana 3, and baragodia 2 venders are feeling both products having demand in

the market.

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Milk and other milk products having less demand in the market.

TABLE-7 :-DEMANDED PRODUCT IN MARKET

Products Villages


Chhenna - 1 1 5 3

Panneer 3 3 4 1 2

Both 7 2 1 3 2

Milk - 2 1 - -

Other - - - - -

figure-2

Maximum venders thinking both chheena and paneer are the demanded product in the

market due to high demand of sweets in the market and also high demand of pannier in the

hotels and restaurants.

Pannier is also a demanded product in the market due to high consume by the customer.

For milk and other products there is less demand because venders getting high profit byselling chhenna and pannier as compare to the milk.

PROFITABLE PRODUCT

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Both chhenna and pannier are profitable but from the following table it was found that

pannier is the most profitable products in the market according to the venders perception.

12 venders thinking that chhenna is the more profitable product in the market.

21 venders thinking that panneer is the more profitable product in the market which is

maximum.

7 venders thinking that both chhenna and panneer is the more profitable product in the

market which is maximum.

Only one vender thinking that milk is the more profitable product in the market.

No one in the fever of other products, like rabid etc.

TABLE-8 :- PROFITABLE PRODUCT

Products Villages

Tol Gopinathpur Purbakhanda Jalarpur Baharana BaragodiaChhenna - 2 2 6 2

Panneer 8 4 4 3 2

Both 2 - - 1 4

Milk - 1 - - -

Other - - - - -

Maximum venders thinking paneer is the profitable product in the market due to high

demand in the hotels, restaurants and in other ceremonies.

Venders getting high margin from pannier business. They investing less amount of moneyin the production process and getting high margin.

Chheena is also a profitable product in the market due to high consumes by the customer

and the sweet soaps for sweet making.

For milk and other products there is less profitable because venders getting high profit by

selling chhenna and pannier as compare to the milk.

SELLING OF CHHENNA AND PANNEER

After making chhenna and pannier the venders selling to the different person for their day

to expanses. From the following table it was found that maximum venders supplying

though middle man and some venders selling chhenna and pannier by self in the nearest

city.

Some venders selling by the both process, though middleman and self.

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Some venders selling chhenna and pannier to the local customer.

TABLE-9 :- SELLING OF CHHENNA AND PANNEER

Persons Villages


Local Customer - - - - 1Middle Man 6 3 5 5 4

Self 3 1 - 4 -

Both 1 3 1 - 3

Other - - - - -

Maximum venders selling chhenna and pannier to the middle man because the middleman

directly collecting chhenna and pannier from the venders house so the transportation cost

for selling is zero for the local venders.

Some venders selling chhenna and pannier by self in the nearest city/town because they

getting high margin.

RATE OF CHHENNA PER KG

Different rates are found during the visit .venders selling chhenna to the middle man and to

the direct customer and getting different rate from them.

From the following table it was found that the rate of 71 to 80 rs per kg is maximum.19

venders selling chhenna in this rate. Above 80 rs. Per kg is the second highest rate perkg.10 venders selling chhenna in this rate.

7 vender selling chhenna at the rate of rs. 66-70 per kg.

In tolgopinathpur 5 venders selling at the rate of rs. 71-80 per kg.

Below 60 rupees per kg is the minimum .only one vender from tolgopinathpur is selling in

this rate.

TABLE-10 :-RATE OF CHHENNA PER KG

Cost(Per

Kg)

Villages


Below-60 1 - - - -

61-65 - 2 - - -

66-70 2 - 2 2 1

71-80 5 3 2 5 4

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Above80 2 1 2 2 3

The rate of chhenna is different because when the venders selling chhenna to the middle

man, they getting less profit but when they selling to the direct customer they getting high

profit.

The cost below-60 is very less due to the demand of chhenna in Cuttack market.

RATE OF PANNEER PER KG

Most of the venders converting milk in to pannier when they received high order from the

customer. Some venders regularly involving in this process because they totally depending

open this business.

Different rates are found during the visit .venders selling pannier to the middle man and to

the direct customer and getting different rate from them.From the following table it was found that the rate of 100 to 110 rs per kg is maximum.18

venders selling pannier in this rate. Rs.130 Per kg is the highest rate per kg.11 venders

selling pannier at the rate of above 110.

6 vender selling pannier at the rate of rs. 91-100 per kg.

In tolgopinathpur 6 venders selling at the rate of rs. 101-110 per kg.

Below 80 rupees per kg is the minimum .only one vender from tolgopinathpur is selling in

this rate.

TABLE-10 :- RATE OF PANNEER PER KG

Cost(Per Kg) Villages


Below80 1 - - - -

81-90 - 2 - - -

91-100 1 - 2 2 1

101-110 6 2 2 4 4

Above120 2 2 2 2 3

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The cost of pannier is different because when the venders selling pannier to the middle

man, they getting less profit but when they selling to the direct customer they getting high

profit.

The cost below-80- is very less due to the demand of pannier in Cuttack market.

MONTHLY INCOME

Maximum venders depending towards milk and milk products business. From the

following table it was found that the earning of rupees 6000 to 10000 is maximum and the

earning of above 20000 is minimum.

In case of rupees 5000 to 7000 earning per month from the five villages is 16.

17 venders earning 7100 to 10000 per month out of 40 venders.

4 venders from jalarpur, baharana and baragadia earning 11000 to 15000 per month.

TABLE-11 :- MONTHLY INCOME OF VENDERS

Amount In

Rupees

Villages

Tol Gopinathpur Purbakhanda Jalarpur Baharana Baragodi

a

5,000-7000 4 3 3 2 4

7100-10000 6 4 1 4 2

10100-15000 - - 2 1 1

15100-20000 - - - 1 -

Above 20000 - - - 1 -

Maximum venders earning 7100 to 10000 per month due to their huge selling and high

profit.

Earning of more than 20000 is less due to only some middle man involving in this

business.middlemans purchasing huge quantity of milk and converting it in to chhenna and

panneer and earning high margins.

Maximum venders are farmers they doing other activities apart from this business so this

types of venders earning 5000 to 7000 per month.

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Chapter 4

4. Findings

4. Findings

The important finding of above survey is:-

1. Maximum venders having their own cows. Out of 40, 32 venders having their own

cows and rest 2 venders dont have cows but them collecting milk from other

nearest village.

2. Both venders (having own cows and dont having cows) both are more

concentrating towards milk and milk products for their day to day expanses.

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3. The maximum venders are middleman, they purchasing milk from the venders and

selling it in the local market and also converting milk in to chhenna and pannier for

high profit .

4. Maximum venders (having own cow and dont have cow) are collecting milk from

own cows and some venders are also collecting milk from the nearest village.

5. The geographical area of Niyali and Adaspur is very large and more people

regularly supplying Chena and pannier to Cuttack market so the collection of above

350 liter of milk is high.

6. In some villages the collection is very less because they only selling milk or milk

products by own and they also involved in the other income sources.

7. Maximum venders converting milk in to chhena and pannier. They regularly

prepare chhena for their day to day expanses and they converting milk in to paneer,

if they will get extra order. Order like marriage order by the local people, high

orders in hotels.

8. Maximum Venders Converting Chhenna and Panneer for profit. some venders are

not converting milk in to chhenna and pannier because they are involving in other

activities.

9. Maximum venders are not supplying milk to anybody. Some venders supplying

milk to dairy firms, tea soap and sweet soaps. Dairy firms are getting maximumquantity of milk. Because dairy firms regularly taking milk from the venders and

maximum venders are well aware about dairy firms and the facilities giving by the

dairy firm.

10. Omfed getting less quantity of milk from the venders but other local society getting

maximum milks from the venders.

11. Maximum venders are not supplying milk to omfed due to less profit. Out of 40

samples from the five villages 32 venders are agreed due to less profit they dont

supplying milk to omfed.In this villages there is no problem for transportation and

payment but The payment of omfed is also not stable.omfed paying according to the

SLR and FAT level of the milk.

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12. Both chheena and paneer are the demanded product in the market due to high

demand of sweets in the market and also high demand of pannier in the hotels.

13. Pannier is also a demanded product in the market due to high consume by the

customer.

14. Both chhenna and pannier are profitable products but from the following study it

was found that pannier is the most profitable products in the market.

15. Chheena is also a profitable product in the market due to high consumes by the

customer and the sweet soaps for sweet making.

16. Maximum venders supplying chhenna and panneer though middle man and some

venders selling chhenna and pannier by self in the nearest city. Some venders

selling by the both process, though middleman and self.

17. Different rates are found during the visit .venders selling chhenna to the middle

man and to the direct customer and getting different rate from them.

18. From the above study it was found that the rate of 71 to 80 rs per kg is

maximum,49% venders selling chhenna in this rate. Above 80 rupees Per kg is the

second highest rate per kg.25% venders selling chhenna in this rate out of 40

venders.

19. 7 vender selling chhenna at the rate of rs. 66-70 per kg.

20. In tolgopinathpur 5 venders selling at the rate of rs. 71-80 per kg.21. Below 60 rupees per kg is the minimum .only one vender from tolgopinathpur is

selling in this rate.

22. Most of the venders converting milk in to pannier when they received high order

from the customer. Some venders regularly involving in this process because they

totally depending open this business and regularly supplying pannier to hotels .

23. Different rate of pannier are found during the visit .venders selling pannier to the

middle man and to the direct customer and getting different rate from them. they

getting high profit by selling pannier to the direct customer.

24. From the above analysis it was found that the rate of 100 to 110 rs per kg is

maximum.18 venders selling pannier in this rate. Rs.130 Per kg is the highest rate

per kg.11 venders selling pannier at the rate of above 110.

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25. Maximum venders depending towards milk and milk products business. From the

above study it was found that the earning of rupees 7100 to 10000 is maximum and

the earning of above 20000 is minimum. In case of rupees 5000 to 7000 earning per

month from the five villages is 16.17 venders earning 15000 to 20000 per month

out of 40 venders.4 venders from jalarpur, baharana and baragadia earning 11000 to

15000 per month.

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Chapter 5

Suggestion

Suggestion

After completing my study I want to suggest to omfed , if the company will focus on thefollowing point the company will get maximum milks from the five villages:

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1. If the company will give rewards to the highest supplier of milk among the vendes or

agents, so they will motivate towards omfed.

2. If the company wills recruit more employees to convince local venders, the companywill get maximum milk from this area.

3. Maximum venders are not well aware about the facilities giving by omfed so if

company will develop its promotional activities, more venders will motivate towardomfed.

4. Maximum venders are not supplying milk to omfed due to less profit. if company will

increase the rate of milk according to the rules and regulation more venders will

motivate towards omfed.5. The company should go for advertising through print media.

6. If The Company will develop its collection process, company will get maximum milkfrom the venders.

7. If it is possible the companies have to arrange a meeting with the local venders weekly

or monthly.

8. Maximum venders perceiving if they will convert milk in to chhenna and pannier they

will get more profit so company have to convert their perception.

CONCLUSION

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At present time OMFED is playing a dominant role in the urban market and the Local

venders are the player of omfed.

From the above study it was concluded that, maximum venders require high profit from

milk business.

The conversion process of milk in to chhenna and pannier is economical and the profit

margine is also very good. The cost of pannier and chhenna is different because when the

venders selling pannier to the middle man, they getting less profit but when they selling to

the direct customer they getting high profit. Maximum venders selling chhenna and pannier

to the middle man because the middleman directly collecting chhenna and pannier from the

venders house so the transportation cost is zero for the local venders.

At last it was concluded that proper collection of milk from the local venders is essentialfor the future of OMFED.

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Chapter-6

ANNEXURE

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Questionnaire for venders Name of the vender:- Age

Address of the vender:- other activity apart from milk:1. You have your own cow:

a) Yes b) No

2. Quantity of milk collect per day:

a) Below 50

b) 51-150

c) 151-250

d) 251-350

e) Above 350

3. Quantity of milk converting for chhenna and chheena making:

a) Below 50b) 51-150

c) 151-250

d) 251-350

e) Above 350

4. You supply remaining milk to:

a) Local sweet soap

b) Dairy firm

c) Tea soap

d) Not to any body

5. You Supply Remaining Milk To Dairy Firm:

a) Omfed

b)Seashore

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c) Kamadhenu

d) Other

6. you dont supply milk to omfed because:

a)Less profit

b) In convient transportation

c) Not aware about omfed

d) Other reasons

7. Product having more demand in the market:

a)Chhenna

b) Panneer

c) Milk

e) Others

8. Most profitable product is:

a) Chhenna

b) Panneer

c) Milk

e) Others

9. You sell chhenna and pannier to:

a)Local customer

b) Though middleman

c) By self

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d) Other

10. The rate (in rupees per kg) you sell chhenna to the customer is:

a) Below-60

b) 61-70

c)71-80

d)Above-80

11. The rate (in rupees per kg) you sell panner to the customer is:

a) Below-80

b) 81-90

c)91-100

d)101-110

e)Above-110

12. You earn per month (in rupees) from chhenna and pannier business:

a) 5000-7000

b) 7100-10000

c)10000-15000

d)15000-20000

e) Above20000

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Bibliography

PHILIPS KOTLER principal of marketing

GARY ARMSTRONG Eleventh edition

VSP Rao Strategic management

V Hari Krishna Text and cases

V.S.Ramaswamy marketing management

S.Namakumari Planning and implementation

Websites www.OMFED.com

www.google.com
http://www.omfed.com/http://www.google.com/http://www.omfed.com/http://www.google.com/

Devs Project (2)

Documents

Transcript of Devs Project (2)