Development of the Nervous System: Overview
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Developmentof the
Nervous System:Overview
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"It is not birth, marriage, or death, but gastrulation, which is truly the most important time in your life." Lewis Wolpert (1986)
Gastrulation occurs during 3rd week of gestationin humans
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What is an “organizer?”
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~19 days
~23 days
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Rules for the Birth of Cells in the CNS
3. Motoneurons are born before sensory neurons.
2. Large neurons are born first.
5. Glia proliferate after neurons, with the exception of radial glia.
4. Interneurons last of neurons born.
1. Proliferation begins in cervical segments and proceeds
rostrally and caudally from there.
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Ventricular layer = ependymal layer = proliferative zonebirthplace of CNS cells
Mantle layer = newly born, post-proliferative cellsMarginal zone = axonal layer
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weeks3-4
weeks5-6
somites
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Segmental/Genomic Models
Conventional Model
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cervical flexure
cephalic flexure
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Embryonic stages: conception to 8 wks
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http://www.med.unc.edu/embryo_images/unit-nervous/nerv_htms/nervtoc.htm
http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Main_Page
Embyronic Imagesby
System
University of New South WalesEmbryology Online
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http://www.rockefeller.edu/labheads/hatten/mechanism.html
Thanks to Aron Workman for finding this video clip.
Scanning EMof
Migrating Neurons
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synapse withdrawal
axon retraction
programmed cell death(apoptosis)
Regressive Events in the Development of the
Nervous System
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http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/neuronal_development.html
Animationof
Neuronal Proliferationand
Migration in the CNS