Meteorologocal and Geophysical AgencyJl. Angkasa I.No.2, Kemayoran Jakarta, Indonesia

www.bmg.go.id

BMG

IRIS WORKSHOP, Out of Africa

Adapting the Africa Array Model – Building Capacity Around the WorldBoston,18-19 February 2008

Fauzi@bmg.go.id

TOPICS

• Tsunami Monitoring System in Indian Ocean and in South east Asia

• Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS)– Goal of InaTEWS and requirement– Current Status of the monitoring system – Future plan

IOTWS and SCMG of ASEAN• IOTWS = Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System

– WG-1, Seismic Measurements, Data Collection, And Exchange– WG-2, Sea Level Data, Deep-ocean measurement And Exchange– WG-3, Risk Assessment– WG-4, Modeling, Forecasting And Scenario Development– WG-5, The System Of Interoperable Advisory And Warning Centres– WG-6, Mitigation, Preparedness And Response

• SCMG= Sub Committee on Meteorology and Geophysics– Technical Task Force for establishing national tsunami center in ASEAN

countries– AEIC = ASEAN Earthquake Information Center

• To rapidly disseminate information on earthquakes and their associated events occurring in various parts of ASEAN countries to authorities and public.

• Hosted by BMG of Indonesia

Terms of Reference of WG – 1 of IOTWS

• Identify the core seismic stations in Indian Ocean region

• Establish the core seismic network in Indian Ocean region

• Make seismic data of core seismic station available to member state countries in real time for tsunami warning purposes.

• Establish the communication link to the members to update the status of development of seismic stations and new available technology

Core Seismic stations

Operational Planned

6

Core Seismic Stations, existing and planned

75

Number Identified core stations

38

2006

46

2007

75

2010

WG-1 Recommendation of IOTWS• The group endorsed the high importance of

sharing waveform data in real time for tsunami warning purposes.

• Where the countries can not provide waveform data in real time, it is recommended to share the parametric data including phase arrival time in real time.

• The SeedLink protocol and miniseed format are the recommended method for real time waveform data exchange.

• The Group recommended that the seismology training should be extended to all Indian Ocean sub-Regions.

PPIBukit TimahGSI

BSI KulimKuching

JRDB

Kota Kinabalu

Toli-toliMNI

CGP

TGY

BCP

Dalat

Hue

Vinh

KhaneanaburiYangon

Mandalay

Chiangmai

Seismic stations for ASEAN real time data exchange

BMGBMG

List of the seismic data processing system in Seismic center of ASEAN

Seismic Data Processing System

BN KH ID LA MY MM PH SG TH VN

Nanometrics √ VAntelope √ √SeisComP 2.5 √ v VSeisComP 3.0 vEarthworm √ √ √Garnet (Japanese System) √MSDP (China system) vOnyx √CompservReftek √SEISAN √ √

BN=Brunei, KH=Cambodia, ID=Indonesia, LA= Lao PDR, MY= Malaysia, MM= MyanmarPH= Philippine, SG= Singapore, TH= Thailand, VN= Viet Nam

Components ofIndonesian Tsunami Warning System

No casualties

1. Monitoring2. Processing

3. Dissemination4. Preparedness

Tsunami or notIn 5 minutes

After the earthquake

Earthquake

Evacuation or not

1. Earthquake monitoring● Seismograph, 160 BB stations● Accelerograph, 500 stations

2. Sea Monitoring● DART-Buoy, 25 buoys● Tide Gauges, 60 stations

3. Earth Deformation● GPS-land stations, 50 stations● Earth Observation

Concept of Sharing Tasks in InaTEWSConcept of Sharing Tasks in InaTEWS

1. SEISMIC MONITORING (BMG)- SEISMOGRAPH-ACCELEROGRAPH

1. AUTOMATIC PROCCESSING : - Hypocenter; Mwp, Mw (mB), Mj

2. Pre Calculated Tsunami

3. DSS - Situation - Observation - Decision - Product

Modelling, R&D, Modules for Public Awarness and Preparadness (RISTEK, Universities,Research Institutes)

Communication - Public Works- Social affairs- Health- Interior Affair- Local Gov.-Red Cross- Media

Formal Education, Training, Public Education, Simulation (RISTEK, Min. Education, BAKORNAS, LIPI, loc Gov)

ObservationProcessing (BMG)

Mitigation, Rehabilitation

Emergency Response

H R D

2. SEA MONITORING - Tide Gauge, GPS

(Bakosurtanal) - Buoys (BPPT)

3. CRUSTAL DEFORMATION

- GPS (Bakosurtanal) - EO (LAPAN)

1. Tsunami Warning2. Eq. Information

OPERASIONAL

BAKORNAS• Situation Center • Control system for dissemination

Capacity BuildingResearch and Development

Institutions involved in Monitoring System

• Seismograph and Accelerograph Networks – BMG, Meteorological and Geophysics Agency.

• GPS and Tide Gauge networksBAKOSURTANAL, National coordinating

Agency for Survey and mappingLIPI, Indonesian Science Institute

• DART buoy– BPPT, Assessment and Application Technology

Agency• Earth Observation

– LAPAN, National Aero space Agency• Tsunami Early Warning Center

– BMG, Meteorological and Geophysics Agency.

112233

44

55

1010

3030

6060 End of Tsunami End of Tsunami WarningWarning

All clear informationAll clear information

Automatic / InteractiveAutomatic / InteractiveProcessingProcessing

TSUNAMI WARNING1. Major Tsunami, Tsunami or Advisory 2. Earthquake parameters and Estimated Tsunami

Height

EarthquakeOccurence

SEISMIC SEISMIC FIRST ALERTFIRST ALERT

• HYPOCENTERHYPOCENTERSEISMIC SEISMIC SECOND SECOND ALERTALERT

Simulation Tsunami Simulation Tsunami DatabaseDatabaseGPSGPS BuoyBuoy

ssTide Tide

GaugeGauge

Confirmation panel

Product

Decision

ObservationSituation

Decision Support System (DSS)

U p d a t e W a r n I n gU p d a t e W a r n I n gBased on observationBased on observation

(Confirmation/(Confirmation/Cancellation)Cancellation)

First report from CommunityFirst report from CommunityBMG

Time Line for Tsunami Early Warning PreparationTime Line for Tsunami Early Warning Preparation

minutes

11:10:23 UTC

11:10:23 UTC; epic : 4.67 S – 101.13 E; depth: 10Km, Mag : 7.9SR, potentially generated Tsunami

Time line of Bengkulu Earthquake, 12 September 2007

Live signal and stations starts blinking (KLI,JMBI,PPI,PGRI,SBJI)1’57

SMS sent [ OT: 18:10:23 WIB; 4.67 LS – 101.13BT; Mag: 7.9SR, dpth: 10Km, (159km southwest Bengkulu) Potentially TsunamiInfo from Communities : Eq felt at Padang, Lampung, Jakarta, Jambi

Interactive Tool Sesicomp3

0

Alarm triggeredBengkulu Station called and felt on VI MMI

Television : ANTV : Potentially generated Tsunami MetroTV : Potentially generated Tsunami Indosiar : Potentially generated Tsunami GlobalTV : Potentially generated Tsunami

End of Warning

2’07

4’07

4’41

4’42

7’3711’1123’37

2’9’08

1’59

6’37

BMG

Manual evaluation

7th-9th May 2007 4th German-Indonesian Workshop WP4300

15

Tsunami warning elapse time after the earthquake

0123456789

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Number of tsunami warning

Tim

e in

min

ute

September 12, 20073.6m Tsunami

BMG

26/11/07

January 21, 200710cm Tsunami

Tsunami Warning Issuance in 2007Magnitude > 6.3

Improvement to reduce false WARNING

• Detail information on Warning message content

– Identify the affected region for every event, prior to warning message dissemination• Installation of Tsunami simulation database

– Aggregate information to confirm tsunami; • OBU data related to tsunami height on the beach• Tide gauge data or tsunami height to update

tsunami message

• Installation of Decision Support System (DSS)

BMG

Current Real time MONITORING for Current Real time MONITORING for InaTEWSInaTEWS

• Earthquake waveEarthquake wave– Seismograph; 112 real time stationsSeismograph; 112 real time stations – Accelerograph; 85 real time stationsAccelerograph; 85 real time stations

• Tsunami waveTsunami wave– Tide gauges; 4 stations of Indonesia in near real Tide gauges; 4 stations of Indonesia in near real

time through GTS. Waiting for other tide gauges time through GTS. Waiting for other tide gauges from BAKO real time to BMGfrom BAKO real time to BMG

– Pressure gauges (OBU); 3 near real time stationsPressure gauges (OBU); 3 near real time stations• Earth DeformationEarth Deformation

– GPS; under constructionGPS; under construction– Earth Observation; noneEarth Observation; none

Tsunami Warning Service• Warning is issued based on magnitude (conservative)

– Local tsunami (200km) 6.5 – 7.5– Regional (1000km) 7.6 – 7.8– Ocean wide > 7.8

• Warning is issued based on estimated tsunami height at identified beaches– H > 3 m; Major tsunami– 0.5m <H <3m ; Tsunami– H < 0.5m ; Advisory

• Update the warning based on the observation– Earthquake parameter– Tide gauges network– Buoys networks– GPS network– Image satellite

BMG

INDONESIAN SEISMIC NETWORKJan, 2008, (112 BB, 85 Acc)

CURRENT STATUS of GPS AND FUTURE PLAN OF THE InaTEWS

No. OPERATIONAL COMPONENTS

GRAND

PLAN

DONE ON GOING

FUTURE REMARK

By the end ‘06

2007 2008 (last update 20.02.2007)

123

IndonesiaGermanyCaltech, USA(Sumatra)

401037

327

2057

2030?

Could be more beyond 2009Modified due to scientific judge

Dr. Parluhutan Manurung

GRAND PLAN

Commitment for Real Time Tide gauge StationsCommitment for Real Time Tide gauge Stations

Countries Commitments

Indonesia 40 sta

USA/NOAA/UHSLC 10 sta

German 10 sta

Present Commitment 60 sta

Needs 80 Sta

Gap (2008?) 20 Sta

On going development• Continue to develop new seismic stations as required

for tsunami purposes• Guide to develop and evaluate seismic stations

• Maintain the performance of seismic stations and networks• Require regular Training in seismology, instrumentation,

Database and Metadata• Guide to support routine operation, data exchange and

system communication • Introduce the seismic network and all networks for

tsunami warning to universities in Indonesia (28 Universities; 2006, 2007)• Attract the attention of Student and lecturer from University• Require GUI for accessing and sharing data for research

purposes (GFZ, Germany)

BMG program in 2008• Complete the new building for new operation

center• Move operation center from old building to

new building (May 2008)• Install DSS (Decision Support System)• Install seismic processing system in BMG

regional centers (10 centers)• Prepare redundant system of Warning center in

Denpassar (Bali), one of BMG regional centers• Inauguration of InaTEWS, 12 November 2008

BMG

Operation centerOperation center

Operation center as of September 2006

New Operational center as of December 2006

Current monitoring display

METEOROLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL AGENCYJL. ANGKASA I NO. 2 KEMAYORAN

JAKARTA PUSAT – INDONESIATEL/ FAX. 62 21 4246321/ 4246703

http://www.bmg.go.id

BMG