DESY SCADA Experience

14 Nov. 2000 EPICS Workshop - Oak Ridge 1

DESY SCADADESY SCADAExperienceExperience

Matthias Clausen

DESY/ MKS-2


OverviewOverview

What is SCADA (compared with DCS systems) Where and Why are SCADA systems used What do SCADA systems Provide? Evolution OPC for SCADA Benefits Experience from DESY Outlook


Data Server

SCADA ?SCADA ?SCSCADA ADA ??SCADA SCADA ??

SupervisoryControl

And DataAcquisition

Graphics and Batch processingArchiving, Logging, Access Control, Alarms

Distributed database

PLC’s

Field Bus

Data Server

Control Programs

ERP SystemsExpert Systems


What, Where and WhyWhat, Where and Why

What is “SCADA”and where is it used Supervisory Controls And Data Acquisition Application area :

Industrial processes: chemical, power generation and distribution, metallurgy, …

Nuclear processes: reactors, nuclear waste, ... Experimental physics: Tokamaks, HEP laboratories

Application size: 20 K I/O to 450 K I/O, two examples of 1 M I/O under development

Why SCADA systems were evaluated for LHC SLC ? Reduction of resources CERN policy of “outsourcing”


What do SCADA Provide? What do SCADA Provide?

Flexible and open architecture Basic SCADA functionality

MMI Alarm Handling and Trending Access Control Automation Logging, Archiving, Report Generation

Interfaces to H/W and S/W Interfaces to ERP- and Expert-Systems Development Tools

6EPICS Workshop - Oak Ridge14 Nov. 2000

Generic Software ArchitectureGeneric Software Architecture

Tren-ding

AlarmDisplay

LogDisplay

Active X ControlsActive X Container

SCADA Client

RecipeDB

Recipe Managt

Ref.DB

Alarm Log ArchiveReportGener.

Log DB Archive DBSQL Alarm DB

RT & Event Manager

Data Proces

SCADA Server

RTDB

ODBCDDE

API/DLLPrivate

Application EXCEL Driver

PLC PLC

OPC

GraphicsEditor MMI

Driver Toolkit

ProjectEditor

Export /

Import Commercial

DB

Commercial Devel.

tool

ASCIIFiles

ASCIIFile

Editor

SCA

DA

Developt. Environt

.

Library

Data R/W

VME

Client / Server - Publish / Subscribe - TCP/ IP


SCADA functions SCADA functions

Logging, Archiving Data stored in compressed and proprietary format Logging / Archiving either for a set number of parameters or for

a set period of time Logging / Archiving can be frequency or event driven * Logging of user actions together with a user ID VCR facility for playback of stored data Writing logs into RDB

Report Generation Reports created using SQL type queries to the RTDB or logs Automatic generation, printing and archiving of reports Use of ‘components’ for report generation

* ! Experience @ DESY


Interfaces to H/W and S/WInterfaces to H/W and S/W

H/W Multiple communication protocols supported in a single system

(in particular CERN supported Field busses) Support for major PLCs/DCSs but not VME

S/W API ODBC, DDE and OLE I/F to PC Products OPC Client and OPC Server ActiveX Containers Web clients


Development ToolsDevelopment Tools

Project editor Graphics editor Configuration through parameter templates Scripting language Most processing tools based on IEC 1131 Batch configuration according to S88.1 Driver Development Tool Kit


Benefits of SCADABenefits of SCADA

Standard frame for application Rich functionality (50 - 100 p-yrs investment) Reliability and Robustness (very large installed

base, mission critical processes) Limited specific development Technical support and maintenance ….. Etc

Enough arguments for the management to promote SCADA systems.


Namespace: flat vs. OO System Load

Network Processor

Project Management

More Aspects to take into Account:More Aspects to take into Account: Configuration of SCADA Systems Data Access Mechanism’s

DESY Experience:DESY Experience:

Benefits? – not onlyBenefits? – not only


Configuration Configuration of SCADA Systemsof SCADA Systems

Field Bus

Data Server PLC’sData Server

Different Namespaces!!


Configuration Configuration of SCADA Systems 2of SCADA Systems 2ndnd

PLCPrograms

Communication

Processor•Analog-Input

•Value-AI-0•Value-AI-1

•Analog-Output•Value-AO-0•Value-AO-1

Field Bus

•Analog-Input•Vacuum_VALUE•Pressure_VALUE

•Analog-Output•Valve_1_OUT•Heater_1_OUT

Mapping

SCADA


Configuration Configuration of SCADA Systems 3of SCADA Systems 3rdrd (Alarms)(Alarms)

•Analog-Input•Vacuum_VALUE•Pressure_VALUE

•Analog-Output•Valve_1_OUT•Heater_1_OUT

SCADAData Server

(generic) Alarm scripts:

IF (Pressure_VALUE > Pressure_HIHI_ALARMVAL) {Pressure_ALARM_HIHI=TRUE Pressure_ALARM_STATE=CRITICAL Pressure_ALARM_COLOR=RED }

IF (Pressure_VALUE < Pressure_LOLO_ALARMVAL){Pressure_ALARM_LOLO=TRUE Pressure_ALARM_STATE=ATTETION Pressure_ALARM_COLOR=BLUE }

Alarm Generation


The burden of flat namespaces:The burden of flat namespaces:

... A lot of individual tags!

4 8 10 1710

•Vacuum_VALUE•Pressure_VALUE•Valve_1_OUT•Heater_1_OUT

Pressure_VALUEPressure_HIHI_ALARMVALPressure_ALARM_HIHIPressure_ALARM_STATEPressure_ALARM_COLOR

Pressure_VALUEPressure_LOLO_ALARMVALPressure_ALARM_LOLO

Pressure_ALARM_STATEPressure_ALARM_COLOR

4 4

2


Data Access Mechanism'sData Access Mechanism's

Alarm Server typically poll data from the data server

( -> impact on network bandwidth)

More advanced techniques like publish / subscribe are available in some cases

Data from field buses are mainly polled

Asynchronous protocols are difficult to handle

Field Bus

Data Server

Alarm Server

Polling

Polling


DESY Experience 1DESY Experience 1stst

Namespace Individual tags for each property blow up the namespace Flat namespaces of thousands of tags can not be properly

handled without adequate tools Latest SCADA technology clearly shows the trend to support the

definition of objects which cleans up the namespace

System Load Additional –non standard- features like

calculating alarms for each channel temperature conversions ( 6th grade polynomial)

... can cause a lot of overhead which needs to be taken into account for the calculation of the system load on process controllers ( here: in a SCADA-like DCS system)


DESY Experience 2DESY Experience 2ndnd

Project Management Small systems can be easily handled with in-house

personal Big systems (several thousand of channels) should be

coordinated by an engineering office because of: The coordination of the Field Bus (PLC) databases and the

SCADA databases The knowledge of the various tools which come along with a

SCADA system One of the main arguments for SCADA systems is:

outsourcing


DESY Experience DESY Experience 33rdrd

The SCADA project at DESY failed: The project management of the company underestimated

the necessary time to perform the engineering of the project.

The company underestimated the overhead for temperature conversions and the required calculations for alarm checking

As a result – the front end processors were not capable to handle the I/O and the calculations in the specified rate


Preliminary conclusionsPreliminary conclusions

DCS system requirements are different from SCADA requirements More frond end functionality More record or device oriented configuration System wide configuration tools are needed

Water tight specifications are necessary DCS systems are more expensive than SCADA systems A call for tender has to focus on either DCS or SCADA

SCADA systems are less expensive, but they offer different functionality

SCADA and DCS (mixed) can not selected by price


SCADA @ DESYSCADA @ DESY

Utility controls @ DESY use EPICS as a SCADA system

H1 is going to use PVSS for their slow controls

For TESLA a lot of components will be delivered by industry: Various subsystems can be controlled by SCADA systems:

Utility Controls (water, energy, air, heating...) Cryogenic Controls (cryogenic plants, cryogenic distribution) Vacuum Systems (insulation vacuum, beam vacuum)

Problem: Integration of SCADA systems into accelerator controls

22EPICS Workshop - Oak Ridge14 Nov. 2000

That’s all That’s all FolksFolks

DESY SCADA Experience

Documents

Transcript of DESY SCADA Experience