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GRADUATION RESEARCH PROJECT

FANCY YARN SOURCING – A STUDY FOR PFRL

PANTALOONS FASHION & RETAIL LIMITED

BY

Kumar Kunal

Batch 2013-2015

Master of Fashion Management

NIFT, Mumbai

Industry Mentor

Mr.Vikas Bhatia – Group Manager- Flat Knits Sourcing, PFRL

College Mentor

Dr. Sushil Raturi , Associate Professor & Head Industry, NIFT, Mumbai

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Acknowledgement

I am highly grateful to “Pantaloons Fashion & Retail Ltd.” for providing me the

opportunity to complete my Fashion Internship Training with them.

I express my whole hearted thanks to my mentor Mr Vikas Bhatia (Group Manger) for

his engagement and support and constant guidance in organizing my work and giving me

valuable inputs in my learning.

I am very thankful to my college mentor Dr. Sushil Raturi for his suggestions and help.

He has extended my Graduation Research Project.

Lastly, I am thankful to all vendors, manufacturers and Executive (Mr. Nagesh

Deshpande) for providing me with great support in my entire endeavor.

Kumar Kunal

Master of Fashion Management

Department of Fashion Management Studies

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CERTIFICATE FROM FACULTY MENTOR REGARDING COMPLETION OF WORK

This is to certify that Mr.Kumar Kunal has completed the degree project entitled “Fancy Yarn

Sourcing – A Study for PFRL” under my guidance. He has been submitting the progress

report on time. He is hereby allowed to participate in the internal and external jury for Degree

Project.

(____________________________)

Name of faculty mentor: Dr. Sushil Raturi

Date: 19/05/2015

Place: Mumbai

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DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Project entitled “ Fancy Yarn Sourcing – A Study for PFRL” is

my original work and no part of the project has been copied from any other reports or any other

were carried by someone else and nor has this been submitted for any other degree/award.

However, any material taken from any other published sources has been suitably referred and

acknowledged at various places.

Date – 19/May/2015

Name – Kumar Kunal

Roll Number – MUM13MM27

Batch – 2013-2015

Centre – NIFT, Mumbai

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report is prepared for Flat knit sourcing department, Pantaloons. It include those fancy yarns

which cannot be developed or not available in India Fancy yarn are those yarn who have a base

or core yarn which is a conventional plain yarn, which is combined with a effect yarn. It can be

made from staple or filament fibres, natural or man-made or a combination of both, also known

as Novelty yarn or effect yarn.

Project Deliverables are:-

1. To map fancy yarns vendors along with count, composition, lead times and costs for Flat

knits/ sweaters.

2. To develop swatches in different gauges/ structures.

3. To present your findings with respect to AW16 on their commercial application vis-à-vis

Pantaloons.

4. To ascertain practicality of converting them in India/ Bangladesh

Project explains why pantaloons need this project, how it will be execute and what I have done to

execute this project. Market potential of the fancy yarn is negligible with compared to the rest of

textile market. So it’s a good opportunity for retailers and manufacturers. China is very rich in

the fancy yarn. That’s why; According to the deliverables I had communicated with more than

the hundred vendors from china, Taiwan, and South Korea through alibaba.com and

globalsources.com for fancy yarn and got the sample yarn from twenty percent of them. Fancy

yarn is in naïve stage in India, so there is a huge opportunity. It can increase the market value of

brand. For an example there is a brand Honey in Pantaloons, known for party wear garments and

price lies in between 1299 to 1899 for the very similar yarn, silhouette and design which is

available in market. By the using of fancy yarn pantaloons can offer fancy yarn garments in same

price range which will be new for customer and it makes different from other competitor brands.

For the presentation I had made a swatch book got some final product from vendors which are

available in Ludhiana, India. For the long run and bulk production I have suggested sourcing the

yarn from china and manufacturing it in Bangladesh, it would be profitable for the organization

because of the taxes and duty.

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Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction to Aditya Birla .................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Introduction to Pantaloons .................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Product Offerings by Pantaloons........................................................................................... 7

1.4 Awards & Recognitions ........................................................................................................ 9

1.5 Organizational Structure ..................................................................................................... 10

1.7 Structure of Sourcing Department at Pantaloons ................................................................ 13

1.8. Structure of Sourcing Team ............................................................................................. 14

1.9. Structure of Flat Knits Sourcing Team – .......................................................................... 15

1.10 Process Flow in PFRL & Involvement of Sourcing Team................................................ 16

1.11 Roles & Responsibilities ................................................................................................... 17

2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES & METHODOLOGY .................................................................. 18

2.1 Project Objectives: .............................................................................................................. 18

2.2. Project Deliverables: .......................................................................................................... 18

2.3 Research methodology and Data collection ........................................................................ 18

3 Literature Review....................................................................................................................... 19

3.1 Concept Of Fancy Yarn....................................................................................................... 19

3.2. Classification of Fancy yarns:- ........................................................................................... 21

3.3. Market potential of Fancy Yarn:- ....................................................................................... 29

4 Project Process Flow .................................................................................................................. 30

4.1 Need of Project .................................................................................................................... 30

4.2 SWOT Analysis:- ................................................................................................................ 32

4.3. Vendor Evaluation and Assessment ................................................................................... 32

4.4 Micro process flow chart of project .................................................................................... 34

4.5. Swatch book: ...................................................................................................................... 41

4.6. Findings and Suggestions for commercial application of project ...................................... 56

5 Benefits and Learning Outcomes ............................................................................................... 57

5.1 Benefits to the company ...................................................................................................... 57

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5.2 Learning Outcomes ............................................................................................................. 57

6 Webliography ............................................................................................................................. 58

Annexure I .................................................................................................................................... 59

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Chapter 1

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1Introduction to AdityaBirla

The Aditya Birla Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate named after AdityaVikram

Birla, headquartered in the Aditya Birla Centre in Worli, Mumbai, India.

The name “Aditya Birla” evokes all that is positive in business and in life. It exemplifies

integrity, quality, performance, perfection and above all, character. The logo is the symbolic

reflection of these traits. It is the cornerstone of their corporate identity. It helps leverage the

unique Aditya Birla brand and endows with a distinctive visual image.

It is an US $40 billion corporation with a place in the League of Fortune 500 companies. It is

anchored by an extraordinary force of over 120,000 employees belonging to 42 different

nationalities. The Group has been ranked Number 4 in the global 'Top Companies for Leaders'

survey and ranked Number 1 in Asia Pacific for 2011. 'Top Companies for Leaders' is the most

comprehensive study of organisational leadership in the world conducted by Aon Hewitt,

Fortune Magazine, and RBL (a strategic HR and Leadership Advisory firm). The Group has

topped the Nielsen's Corporate Image Monitor 2012-13 and emerged as the Number 1 corporate,

the 'Best in Class'50 per cent of the Aditya Birla Group's revenues flow from its overseas

operations. The Group operates in 36 countries – Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada,

China, Egypt, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, Korea,

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Laos, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa,

Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, and

Vietnam.

Around the world, Aditya Birla is known for -

A metals powerhouse, among the world's most cost-efficient Aluminium and copper producers,

Hindalco - Novelis is the largest Aluminium rolling company. It is one of the three biggest

producers of primary Aluminium in Asia with the largest single location copper smelter

No.1 in viscose staple fiber

No.1 in carbon black

The fourth-largest producer of insulators

The fourth-largest producer of acrylic fiber

Among the top 10 cement producers

Among the best energy-efficient fertiliser plants

The largest Indian MNC with manufacturing operations in the USA

In India, Aditya Birla group has accomplished the following-

The largest fashion (premium branded apparel) and lifestyle player

The second-largest manufacturer and largest exporter of viscose filament yarn

The largest producer in the chlor-alkali sector

Among the top three mobile telephony companies

A leading player in life insurance and asset management

Among the top two supermarket chains in the retail business

The largest manufacturer of linen fabric

Rock solid in fundamentals, the Aditya Birla Group nurtures a culture where success does not

come in the way of the need to keep learning afresh, to keep experimenting.

Aditya Birla Group – Beyond Business

Works in 3,000 villages

Reaches out to seven million people, annually, through the Aditya Birla Centre for

Community Initiatives and Rural Development spearheaded by Mrs. Rajashree Birla

Focuses on healthcare, education, sustainable livelihood, infrastructure and espousing

social reform in India, Brazil and Egypt, as well as Philippines, Thailand, Laos,

Indonesia, Korea and other Asian countries

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In India -

The Aditya Birla Group runs 42 schools, which provide quality education to 45,000

children. Of these 18,000 students belong to the underprivileged segment. Merit

scholarships are given to an additional 8,500 children from the interiors.

The 18 hospitals run by the Aditya Birla Group tend to more than a million villagers.

In line with its commitment to sustainable development, the Aditya Birla Group has

partnered with Columbia University in establishing the Columbia Global Centre's Earth

Institute in Mumbai.

The idea of embedding CSR as a way of life in organizations has led to the setting up of

the FICCI – Aditya Birla CSR Centre for Excellence, in Delhi.

The Aditya Birla Group transcends the conventional barriers of business because we

believe it is our duty to facilitate inclusive growth.

VISION & VALUES

Vision

To be a premium global conglomerate, with a clear focus on each of the businesses

Mission

To deliver superior value to our customers, shareholders, employees and society at large

Values

Integrity: Acting and taking decisions in a manner that is fair and honest. Following the highest

standards of professionalism and being recognized for doing so. Integrity for us means not only

financial and intellectual integrity, but encompasses all other forms as are generally understood.

Commitment: On the foundation of Integrity, doing all that is needed to deliver value to all

stakeholders. In the process, being accountable for our own actions and decisions, those of our

team and those in the part of the organization for which we are responsible.

Passion: An energetic, intuitive zeal that arises from emotional engagement with the

organization that makes work joyful and inspires each one to give his or her best. A voluntary,

spontaneous and relentless pursuit of goals and objectives with the highest level of energy and

enthusiasm.

Seamlessness: Thinking and working together across functional groups, hierarchies, businesses

and geographies. Leveraging diverse competencies and perspectives to garner the benefits of

synergy while promoting organizational unity through sharing and collaborative efforts.

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Speed: Responding to internal and external customers with a sense of urgency. Continuously

striving to finish before deadlines and choosing the best rhythm to optimizeorganizational

efficiencies.

1.2 Introduction to Pantaloons

Since its inception in 1997, Pantaloons progressed from retailing a mix of brands to its own

popular private labels, designed by the in-house design studio. With a sharp focus on bringing

the latest in fashion, the design studio combines its prowess in design and aesthetics to present

styles that keep the consumer fashionably dressed each season.

Initially positioned as a store catering to the fashion needs of the entire family, Pantaloons has

transitioned to a fashion and lifestyle brand with an emphasis on youth and a focus on designs

that are inherently in sync with current fashion trends. This compelling combination has helped

Pantaloons retain its place on the style radar of every consumer's wardrobe. Pantaloons stores

have an abundance of choices across categories that range from western to Indian wear, formal to

party wear and active wear for men, women and kids. To add to the customer's choices that

reflect style, attitude, and comfort, Pantaloons has extended its horizons to fashion accessories

like fragrances, footwear, handbags, watches, sunglasses and much more.

It is a powerhouse of fresh fashion and innovation weaving its magic across lifestyle segments,

Pantaloons caters to the discerning and trendy Indian consumer. Pantaloons is India's fastest

growing premium lifestyle apparel company, with innovative designs, concepts and products, the

company brings the latest trends in fashion and clothing styles to the apparel market.

The company offers an incredible and complete one-stop shopping experience to its buyers

through its vast collection of more than 100 prestigious brands for the discerning fashionista. The

102 aesthetically designed stores spread across the country display a range of classy and trendy

merchandise that truly lives up to Pantaloons’ maxim of ‘fresh fashion’.

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Spotlighting today's buoyant youth, Pantaloons, India's premium lifestyle apparel company

offers chic and trendy fashion to meet their ever-changing needs. Pantaloons reflect the ideology

of always keeping alive the 'newness factor' through fashion apparel and accessories that are

visually appealing and fashionably upbeat.

The first Pantaloons store was launched amidst much fanfare in Gariahat, Kolkata in 1997. Over

the years, the brand has undergone several transitions and re-invented itself to bring forth

compelling trends and styles catering to the evolving fashion hub.

Since its inception, Pantaloons progressed from retailing just a mix of brands to its very own

popular private labels as well, designed by the in-house Design Studio. With a sharp focus on

bringing the latest in fashion, the Design Studio combines its prowess in design and aesthetics to

present styles that keep the consumer fashionably dressed each season.

Initially positioned as a store catering to the fashion needs of the entire family, Pantaloons has

transitioned to a fashion and lifestyle brand with an emphasis on youth and a focus on designs

that are inherently in sync with current fashion trends. This compelling combination has helped

Pantaloons retain its place on the style radar of every consumer's wardrobe.

Pantaloons stores have an abundance of choices across categories that range from western to

Indian wear, formal to party wear and active wear for men, women and kids. To further add to

the customer's innumerable choices that reflect style, attitude, and comfort, Pantaloons has

extended its horizons to fashion accessories like fragrances, footwear, handbags, watches,

sunglasses and much more.

With a chain of 102 fashion stores across 40 cities and towns, Pantaloons is constantly extending

its foot-prints into the rest of modern India.

A typical Pantaloons store is spread across a sprawling retail space of about 28,000 sq. ft.,

comprising a brand portfolio that runs across a wide gamut of styles that spell class. The

collection includes ready-to-wear western and ethnic apparel for men, women and kids,

complemented by an exhaustive range of accessories.

Strength of Pantaloons

Brand Leadership – Pantaloons is among the top 2 large format fashion retailers in India.

Focusing on “Fresh Fashion” and catering to varied apparel and non-apparel needs of Indian

consumers in a modern environment, ‘Pantaloons’ has emerged as a strong brand in the fashion

industry over the past two decades. Pantaloons operate across varied categories viz., casual wear,

ethnic wear, formal wear, partywear and sportswear for Men, Women and Kids. Non-apparel

products primarily comprise beauty products, perfumes, cosmetics, leather products, fashion

jewellery, footwear, watches, books, music, toys etc.

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Pan India Footprint – The number of large format Pantaloons stores is one of the highest in the

Indian fashion industry. Currently, it operates through 70 large format company owned and

company operated stores. The average size of a Pantaloons store is around 24,000 square feet.

However, depending on the city, location and target market size, the store size varies between

11,000 square feet to 80,000 square feet. Together with 26 Factory Outlets, Pantaloons span a

retail space (carpet area) of about 1.7 million Square Feet which is among the largest in India in

the organized fashion retail segment.

Factory Outlets act as a channel for liquidating slow moving inventory for Pantaloons. The

Company has been able to tie up real-estate in superior locations to fuel uninterrupted growth.

Diversified geographical presence – Pantaloons enjoys a pan India presence across all zones with

a strong presence in the Eastern Zone. Pantaloon commands the first mover advantage in several

locations across East India. More than 50% of the Pantaloons large format stores are present in

the top 8 Indian cities, capturing the large market size opportunity offered by these Tier 1 cities.

Pantaloons also recognizes the growing aspirations, changing consumer preferences towards

branded clothing and increasing disposable income in tier 2 and tier 3 cities. It has a fairly

balanced presence in these cities with about 50% of its stores being present in these cities.

Strong customer connects – Pantaloons’ loyalty programmes viz., green card and payback are

one of its main strengths. Led by the strong customer connect of brand ‘Pantaloons’ and its

loyalty programmes, the Company has around 3.8 Million loyalty customer base at present one

of the largest in the country. It contributes to significant portion of the Company’s sales and

augments its competitive advantage. These loyalty programmes offer rewards points to its

members on their purchases, special offers and discounts, and invitations to exclusive events and

promotions.

Focus on superior Customer experience –The operations of the stores are managed by the

Company. It continuously benchmarks itself with global and Indian retailers and strives to

enhance the service offering to customers by achieving retail best practices in line with emerging

trends globally.

Strong brand portfolio - Across the segments, Pantaloons sells approximately 400 brands which

comprises a mix of private labels, licensed brands and other brands. Some brands are also

retailed under the Shop-in-Shop format where fixed rentals are charged by Pantaloons. Through

a wide range of brand offerings across apparel and non-apparel categories and across price

points, Pantaloons caters to varying fashion needs of Indian households. Private labels and

licensed brands contribute to approximately 50% of the Company’s sales. These comprise brands

owned by Pantaloons viz., Akkriti, Rangmanch, Ajile, Annabelle, Trisha, Honey, Chalk, Ajile;

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as well as brands licensed on a perpetual basis from Future Group. The balance sales is

contributed by other apparel and non-apparel brands.

Diversified customer base - Menswear and women’s wear together account for 76% of total

ready-made apparel market in urban India.Pantaloons has a diversified customer base with

Men’s wear and Women’s wear contributing to 35% and 38% share respectively.

1.3 Product Offerings by Pantaloons

Pantaloons’ retails products consists of various brands across categories that range from western

to ethnic wear, formal to party wear and active wear for men, women and kids.

The women’s section houses the private labels — Bare Denim, Bare Leisure, Rig, Annabelle,

Honey, and Ajile — in western wear, as well as the choicest ethnic wear from RangManch,

Trishaa and Akkriti. Popular brands like Lee Cooper, Biba and W are also available.

The private labels for men in western wear include Lombard, Rig, Bare Denim, Bare Leisure and

JM Sport apart from trendy brands like Urbana, Scullers, John Miller, and Indigo Nation. Akkriti

provides a wide selection of ethnic wear.

Kids can choose from private labels like Bare Denim, Bare Leisure, Rig, or indulge in exclusive

brands like Lee Cooper Juniors, Chalk, Pink & Blue, and Sach in addition to international brands

like Barbie and Disney. For the ethnic look, they can opt for traditional wear from Akkriti.

Pantaloons offer much more than just apparel. Customers can shop from an assortment of

watches from renowned international brands like Tommy Hilfiger, Esprit, Kenneth Cole, Citizen,

Timex, and Titan, among other brands.

Trendy sunglasses from Polaroid, Guess, Police, Scott, I Dee and Allen Solly are also available.

The accessories and beauty segments display an attractive collection of lady’s handbags from

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Lavie, Caprese, Fiorelli and Fastrack. Also available are products from colour cosmetic brands

such as Bourjois, Chambor, Deborah, Faces, Revlon, Maybelline, and Lakmé, as well as a wide

collection of exotic fragrances.

With its overwhelming repertoire of lifestyle apparel brands, Pantaloons is focused on growth

while continuing to create fresh fashion. Pantaloons isrecognised by its warm personalised

service that completes the core proposition of this trendy chain.

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1.4 Awards & Recognitions

Pantaloons wins ‘Most Preferred Fashion Retail Destination of the Year’ at North-East

Consumer Awards 2013

Pantaloons' has been selected as the winner of the prestigious “North-East Consumer

Awards 2013” for the category ‘Most Preferred Fashion Retail Destination of the Year’.

Pantaloons bags Gold & Silver at IDMA

The Indian Digital Media Awards 2013 (an exchange4media group initiative) were held

on 25th June at ITC Grand Central, Mumbai amidst much fanfare.

Pantaloons voted India's No. 1 Trusted Apparel Retailer for 2013'

Pantaloons

Pantaloon’s Pvt. Labels National Brands

Men’s Women’s Men’s Women’s

Formals

- Lombard

- Knighthood

s

Casuals

-RIG

- Ajile

- Bare

Denim

- SF Jeans

Co.

- JM Sport

- Byford

- Alto

Moda

- Urben

Eagle

Ethnic

-Aakriti

- F Factor

Formals

- Annabelle

s

Casuals

- Honey

- Ajile

- RIG

- Candies

- Altomoda

s

Formals

- Indigo Nations

- Scullers

- Urbana

- John Miller

- Byford

Casuals

- Pepe

Formals

- Scullers

Casuals

- Jealous 21

- Lee Cooper

Ethnic

- Rang Manch

- Trisha

- Aakriti

- Mix n Match

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1.5 Organizational Structure

There is one retail head of Aditya Birla Retail Group -Pantaloon Fashion & Retail Limited, More

and Madura Fashion & Lifestyle.Pantaloons has a CEO who reports to the Retail Head. Presently

Mr. PranabBarua is the retail head of Aditya Birla Retail Group.

The design and visual merchandising department has one head. Sourcing, Category/ Buying and

Technical departments are answerable to one head. Similarly Planning and Strategy department

has one head.

Every department has a category head. Under the category head there is senior manager then

deputy manager, manager and assistant manager.

Retail Head

(PFRL+MFL+More)

CEO

PFRL

Head- Design & VM

Category Head -Design

Category Head -VM

Head- Sourcing, Buying & Tech

Category Head-Sourcing

Category Head -

Men

Category Head-

Women

Head- Planning & Strategy

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1.6. Departments

To understand the co ordination of sourcing it is first crucial to understand the various

departments in a company with its key responsibilities

Design

Responsible for studying and analyzing trends in the domestic as well as international

markets, creating aligned products and designing a range of garments in line with the

brand promise and customer expectations.

Pantaloons

Design

Category / Buying

Sourcing

Technical & Quality

Planning & Allocation

Supply Chain

Marketing

Operations

HR

Admin

Accounts

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Category / Buyer

Responsible for planning & buying the appropriate fabric, trims/finished garments at the

right cost, right time and right place.

Responsible for a deep understanding of the contemporary trends in fabrics &garments.

Sourcing

Responsible for product development and advising on quality and feasibility

Responsible for manufacturing/ delivering garments at the right time at agreed costs and

pre-defined quality standards.

Retail Planning & Allocation

Responsible for allocation of merchandise to right stores at the right time in order to

achieve sales and profitability targets.

Collaborating with the buying team to monitor daily sales, besides looking into season's

markdown and sales markdown.

Responsible for the sale of national brands – apparels /non apparels through strategic

retail channels along with achieving retail sales and profitability targets

Technical & Quality

Responsible for overseeing and evaluating the technical aspects of a garment in terms of

measurements, silhouettes and patterns

Ensuring that product quality is delivered as per the norms & specifications set out by the

company before the product reaches the warehouse.

Supply Chain

Ensuring seamless movement of goods from vendor to warehouse and stock movement

from warehouse to various stores.

Marketing

To create, communicate and reinforce brand persona in the psyche of the target

consumers.

Responsible for turning walk-ins into frequent buyers through customized offerings,

thereby resulting in customer loyalty.

Operations

Responsible for sales & margin, shrinkage control, implementation of processes,

customer experience at stores and MPM adherence. To Identify new properties &

negotiate with builders

HR

Responsible for recruitment, providing compensation and benefits, maintaining employee

relationship and providing training and development periodically

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Admin

Provision of offices space and office equipment for all staff e.g. Computers, ensuring a

clean and secure office environment, ensuring availability of adequate lighting, water,

telecommunication, email, fax, computers etc.

Accounts

Responsible for tracking ensuring correct amount is received and paid, to prepare

financial reports that can be used for budgeting, forecasting and other decision making

processes.

1.7 Structure of Sourcing Department at Pantaloons

The sourcing department in any company is the one of the most crucial departments as it is

directly responsible for the procurement of the product, while it is also responsible for

manufacturing/ delivering garments at the right time, at agreed costs and pre-defined quality

standards.

The sourcing of Pantaloons is basically divided on the basis of the fabric category and not on the

basis of brand, with the exception of Ethnic wear, though it comprises mostly of wovens a

separate division has been allocated to surcing of Ethnic Wear.The division in terms of fabric

helps the company to source similar type / quality of fabrics in bulk, thus ensuring lesser price

and similar products of different brands can be placed with the same vendor to obtain better

quality.

The sourcing is divided into 6 categories, these are as mentioned below –

Division 1 – Knits

This division sources all knitted products, which include top and bottom wear, within the knits

division the team is categorised into Men’s Knits, Women’s Knits and Flat Knits Knits

Division 2 – Ethnic Wear

This division is responsible for the sourcing of Ethnic wear in the category of men’s and

women’s.

Division 3 – Wovens

The woven’s division of sourcing is bifurgated into two separate teams, Woven Tops / Shirts &

Woven’s bottom. The team sourcing woven tops / shirt would be doing the same for all

categories i.e. men’s, women’s and kids.

Division 4 – Denim

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This division is responsible for sourcing all Denim products, the same team sources for all


Division 5 – Winter Wear

This division is responsible for sourcing all winterwear products, the same team sources for all


Division 6 - Accessories

The accessory sourcing department sources products like bags, shoes, scarves and stoles, the

same team sources for all category of products i.e. men’s, women’s and kids.

1.8. Structure of Sourcing Team

One single departmnet look after the sourcing part. There are three deaprtments – one for knitted

garments, one for woven and one for denim. The knitted sourcing is divided in four part one is

Sourcing Team

Woven

Denims & Casual

Circular Knits (Women)

Circular Knits (Kids)

Circular Knits (Men)

Flat Knits/ sweater (mens,women. kids )

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Flat knit/ Sweater who is working for the all world (mens, womens & kids). In circular knit, it is

divided according to the world such as circular knit for men, circular knit for women and circular

knit for kids.

1.9. Structure of Flat Knits Sourcing Team –

The flat knits sourcing team comprises of 4 members, the hierarchy and reporting structure is as

given below

There is one sourcing head for all sourcing department – men, women and kids. In flat knit

sourcing department there is a Group Manager. Below the Group Manager there is a Asst.

Manager, both are look after all the brands in all categories. Under the group manager and

assistant manger there is an executive who is managing the all data.

Sourcing Head - Mr. Rajesh Krishnan

Group Manager - Mr. Vikas Bhatia

Assistant Manager -Mr. Keshwar Kelawala

Executive - Mr. Nagesh Deshpande

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1.10 Process Flow in PFRL & Involvement of Sourcing Team

Key Activity Activity Owners

Concept brief / World brief Category Head

Brand Brief + Option Plan Category

Concept Presentation Design

Fabric Indents (Phase 1) Design

Fabric Indents (Phase 2) Design

Range Closure on Paper Design

Tech Packs closure - handed over by design to

sourcing Design / Tech

Brand Space Rationalisation Space Planning

Season sales plan Planning

OTB (+ Inward plan) Planning

Fabric inwards Sourcing

Sample Production and Inwards Sourcing

Final Range Presentation Design

Bulk Fabric & Trims Ordering Category

MCC Closure (clear highlight of Ad/VM style)

and upload on system Category

Techpack closure and handover to sourcing Tech

Costing Closures Category

PC/MRP closures Category

Order/PO Closure Category

PP closures (Sealed Samples) Tech

Production (Start to Completion) Sourcing

Goods Dispatch Sourcing

Warehouse inwards SCM/Logistics

Deployment to the Store SCM/Logistics

Season Launch PFRL

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1.11 Roles & Responsibilities

The key responsibility of the sourcing department is the ontime procurement and delivery of the

merchandise at the right price at the pre defined quality. The sourcing department basically

directs and oversees the development and progress of the product from sampling to shipment,

they are responsible to execute the orders perfectly.

The 3 major responsibilities of this department are –

Product Development

Costing / Negotiation

Directing & following up for the production

Other responsibilities include –

Capacity Planning

Vendor Allocation

Follow up for Proto Sample

Booking orders

Confirming deliveries

Preparing internal order sheets

Preparing vendor purchase orders

Internal & external communication,

Pre production activities – Closing approvals on trims, accessories, lab dips, print &

embrodiery strike offs, fit samples, bulk yardage and PP Sample

Production activities – Follow up on daily production, advising and assisting production

approval of shipment samples and following for bulk inspection and shipment.

Helping documentation department.

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Chapter 2

2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES &METHODOLOGY

2.1Project Objectives:

Tapping the overseas yarn vendors for yarn which cannot be developed or is unavailable in

India and its commercial impact

2.2. Project Deliverables:

5. To map fancy yarns vendors along with count, composition, lead times and costs for FK/

sweaters.

6. To develop swatches in different gauges/ structures.

7. To present your findings with respect to AW16 on their commercial application vis-à-vis

Pantaloons.

8. To ascertain practicality of converting them in India/ Bangladesh

2.3Research methodology and Data collection

Qualitative research methodology is used for the implementation of this project

Data Collection

Primary Research: Direct communication with manufacturer and exporters from china and

india via Email or telephone.

Secondary Research: - Through Alibaba.com, Globalscource.com and indiamart.com

1. Alibaba.com: - Alibaba is China’s and by some measures, the world’s —biggest online

commerce company. Its three main sites — Taobao, Tmall and Alibaba.com. They have

hundreds of millions of users, and host millions of merchants and businesses. Alibaba

handles more business than any other e-commerce company. Alibaba is the most popular

destination for online shopping, in the world's fastest growing e-commerce market.

Transactions on its online sites totaled $248 billion last year, more than those of eBay and

Amazon.com combined

2. Globalsource.com: - Global Sources is a Hong-Kong based business-to-business (B2B)

media company.It facilitates trade from Greater China to the world, using a wide range of

English-language media and facilitates trade from the world to Greater China, using

Chinese-language media. The company provides sourcing informationto volume buyers

and integrated marketing services to suppliers. In addition, Global Sources verifies the

quality of the manufacturer.

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Chapter 3

3 Literature Review

3.1 Concept Of Fancy Yarn

Fancy yarns are special products of spinning with deliberately introduced irregular

characteristics in either diameter, bulk or in colour. Products made from fancy yarns are not

commodity items. Although market value of fancy yarns is negligible with compared to the rest

of the textile market research and development in this area has become very important. This is

mainly attributed to the value addition obtained in terms of fashion or function of the yarn. The

production of fancy yarns has been differentiated and enriched in such a scale that makes almost

impossible to categorize and standardize all the products. Regardless the explosion of the new

fancy yarns products without the proper standardization procedure or at least classification, the

process of evolution of yarns, in general, lasts, both in the context of the components and final

products as well as trade. Production of Fancy yarns is a combination of art and science. There is

lot of scope for the innovators to develop new products in Textiles using Fancy yarns. Apart

from the Domestic market, Export of fancy yarns, Fabrics and Garments may provide great

Opportunities in future.

Fancy yarns are those in which some deliberate decorative discontinuity or interruption is

introduced, of either colour or form, or of both colour and form. This discontinuity is

incorporated with the intention of producing an enhanced aesthetic effect. Fancy yarns are also

known as Effect Yarns or Novelty Yarns.

Fancy yarns are special yarn products of spinning, twisting, wrapping, texturing and knitting, etc.

The demand for yarns with structural and/or optical effects is due to the special aesthetics and

high decorative appeal to the woven, knitted materials, and other textiles as well. Textile

materials are produce using yarns with effects find application in normal and high fashion

clothing.

Such yarns are also used for decorative textiles like

Curtains

Carpets

Ladies and children outerwear / sweaters

Décor materials and textile fabrics in the corporate sector

Fancy yarns have deliberately introduced irregular characteristics, in either diameter or bulk

and/or in color, etc. as well as virtually new structures composed of fibers, yarns or other

products that differentiate them from conventionally spun or multifilament yarns. Ne look,

structures and raw materials of fancy yarns are constantly in demand.

Components of fancy yarns can be of natural or manmade fibers: staple length or continuous

filaments but nowadays it appears the especially unusual structures of fancy yarns that are very

desirable in designing of new textiles. There are so many different types of fancy yarns.Most of

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them are produced using spinning or twisting machinery that are modified or specially developed

for this purpose. Some types of such yarns are produced from “fancy fibers” or “fancy silvers”

used as minor components of yarns made by spinners with normal equipment, still others are

made exclusively by filament yarns using adaptations of various processes as well as tape-knit

fancy yarns are produced using a range of take-up rations and component yarns on a knitting

machine specially designed for fancy yarn manufacture.

Methods of manufacture of fancy yarn

Methods of manufacture

Indirect Direct

Not Specialized equipment

TYwisters for fancy yarn making special

knitting machines, etc

Specialized equipment

Carding, drawing machines, rover ,

spinning frames etc

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Grouping of fancy yarns according to the material for effect making

3.2. Classification of Fancy yarns:-

1. Marl Yarn

2. Spiral or corkscrew Yarn

3. Gimp Yarn

4. Eccentric Yarn

5. Boucle Yarn

6. Loop Yarn

7. Snarl Yarn

8. Chenille Yarn

9. Mock Chenille Yarn

10. Diamond Yarn

11. Slub Yarn

12. Knop Yarn

13. Stripe Yarn

14. Cloud or grandrelle Yarn

15. Nepo Yarn and Fleck Yarn

16. Button Yarn

17. Fasciated Yarn

18. Tape Yarn

19. Chainette Yarn

20. Cover yarn

Fiber, sliver, roving

Yarn

Length of yarn

Tape

Polymer cover

Lengths of woven, knitted fabric, non-woven

material

Mat

eria

l fo

r ef

fect

mak

ing

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21. Metallic Yarn

1. Marl yarn:-

This is the simplest among the fancy yarns and is made by twisting two different colored yarns

by doubling process. It is different from normal double yarn in the sense of texture

The yarn structure shown in above clearly shows the alternation of the colors that is the primary

effect ofmarl yarn, as well as demonstrating the plain structure, which is that of an ordinary

folded yarn.

These yarns are used make to good effect in discreet pinstripes for men’s suiting’s or to

produce a subtly and irregularly patterned knitted fabric with a relatively simple fabric

construction. They may also be used to provide a Lurex or other metallic yarn with strong

support, while at the same time creating a more subtle effect.

2. Spiral or Corkscrew yarn

A spiral or corkscrew yarn is a plied yarn that displays a characteristic smooth spiraling of one

component around the other. Basic structure of spiral yarn, which is straightforward,except in the

differing lengths of the two yarns involved, very similar to the structure of a marl yarn.

Structure of Spiral or Corkscrew Yarn

3. Gimp Yarn

A gimp yarn is a compound yarn consisting of a twisted core with an effect yarn wrapped

around it so as to produce wavy projections on its surface.

Structure of Gimp Yarn

Since a binder yarn is needed to bring the stability of the structure, the yarn is produced in two stages.

Two yarns of widely varying counts are plied together, thick around thin, and then reverse bound.

Structure of Marl yarn

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Reverse binding removes of twist that creates the wavy profiles, since it makes the effect yarns

longer than the actual length of the completed yarn. The textureproperties of a gimp are clearly

better than those of a spiral yarn, as apart from being different.

The finer of the two gimps shows that the effect is less regular, and even perhaps less well-defined.

4. Diamond Yarn

A diamond yarn is produced by folding a coarse single yarn or roving with a fine yarn or

filament having contrasting color using S-twist, and cabling it with a similar fine yarn using

Z-twist. Multi-fold or ‘cabled’ yarns may be made by extending and varying this technique,

to bring about a wide range of effects. Clearly, a true diamond yarn would show some

compression effect upon the thick yarn from the thin ones, an effect which in the interests of

clarity is not provided in

Structure of Diamond Yarn

This is a yarn that can be very useful to designers looking to create subtle effects of color

and texture, particularly in relatively simple fabric structures.

5. Boucle yarn

This types of yarns are characterized by tight loops projecting from the body of the yarn at nearly

regular intervals. Some of these yarns are made by air-jet texturing, but most are of three-ply

constructions. The three components of the yarn are the core, the effect, and the tie, or binder.

The effect yarn has the loops wrapped around a core, or base yarn, and then the third ply, or binder,

is wrapped over the effect ply in order to hold the loops in place. The individual plies could be

filament or spun yarns. Thecharacteristics of these yarns determine the ultimate design effect.

Structure of Boucle Yarn

6. Loop Yarn

A loop yarn has core with an effect yarn wrapped around it and overfed so as to produce

nearly circular projection on its surface. Figure shows the structure of a loop yarn,

in this case somewhat simplified by showing the core as two straight bars. In reality,

the core, which for a loop yarn always consists of two yarns twisted together, which can

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entrap the effect yarn.

As a general rule, four yarns are involved in the construction, of which two forms the

core or ground yarns. The effect yarn or yarns are formed with an overfed of about 200%

or more. It is important that these be of the correct type and has good quality: even,

low twist, elastic and pliable yarn is required. The effect yarn is not completely entrapped

by the ground threads and therefore a binder is needed. The size of the loops may be

influenced by the level of overfeed, the groove space on the drafting rollers, the

spinning tension, or the twist level of the effect yarn. Loop yarns can also be made with

slivers in place of yarns for the effect.

7. Snarl Yarn

Like the loop yarn, the snarl yarn has twisted core, although, again for the sake of simplicity,

the core has been shown in Figure as two parallel bars. A snarl yarn is one which

displays ‘snarls’ or ‘twists’ projecting from the core. It is produced by similar method to the

loop yarn, but uses a lively, high twist yarn and a somewhat greater degree of overfeed as

the effect yarn.

The required size and frequency of the snarls may be obtained by careful control of the

details of overfeed and spinning tension, and by the level of twist in the effect yarn.

Structure of Snarl Yarn

8. Knop Yarn

A knop yarn is one that contains prominent bunches of one or more of its component threads,

arranged at regular or irregular intervals along its length.

It is normally produced by using an apparatus that has two pairs of rollers, each capable of

Structure of Loop Yarn

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being operated independently. This makes it possible to deliver the base threads intermittently,

while the knopping threads that create the effect are delivered continuously. The knopping

threads join the foundation threads below the knopping bars. The insertion of twist collects

theknopping threads into a bunch or knop. The vertical movement of the knopping threads

results in formation of a bunch or knop. The vertical movement of the knopping bars

decides whether the knop is small and compact or spread out along some length of the yarn.

Structure of Knop Yarn

9. Slub Yarn

A slub yarn is one in which slubs have been deliberately created to make the desired

discontinuity type of effect. Slubs are thick places in the yarn. They can take the form of

a very gradual change, with only a slight thickening of the yarn at its thickest point.

Alternatively, the slub may be three or four times the thickness of the base yarn, and

the increase in thickness may be achieved within a short length of yarn. The yarn pictures

in Figure should give a clear impression of the structure of the yarn itself.

Structure of Slub Yarn

10. Fasciated Yarn

A fasciated yarn is a staple fiber yarn that consists of a core of a parallel fibers bound

together by wrapper fibers. Yarns made under the airjet spinning method are of this

structure. The yarns produced under the hollow spindle method are also frequently

described as fasciated, since the binder is applied to an essentially twistless core of parallel

fibers.

The fasciated yarn, shown in Figure, is produced using the hollow spindle process.

It is possible to see the fibers that have escaped and the dark binding thread that contrast

with one of the two slivers used as feed-stock in making the yarn.

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Structure of Fasciated Yarn

11. Tape Yarn

Tape yarns may be produced using various processes; braiding, warp knitting and

weft knitting being among them. In recent years, these materials have

become better known, especially in fashion knitwear. It is also possible to use narrow

woven ribbons, or narrow tapes of non-woven material, or slit film, in the same way.

Structure of Metallic Tricot Tape Yarn

12. Chenille Yarn

True chenille yarns are produced from a woven leno fabric’s structure that is slit into narrow,

warp-wise strips to serve as yarn. They are pile yarns; the pile length may be uniform

throughout the length of the yarn, or it may vary in length to produce a yarn of irregular

dimensions. They are used in furnishings and apparel.

Chenille yarns have a soft, fuzzy cut pile which is bound to a core.

These yarns can be spun, but the machinery required is very specialized. For this reason,

these yarns are usually woven on a loom. The effect yarn forms the warp, which is bound

by a weft thread. The weft thread is spaced out at a distance of twice the required length

of pile. The warp is then cut half way between each weft thread.

Structure of Chenille yarn

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13. Ribbon Yarns

These yarns are not produced by spinning. They are finely knitted tubes, pressed flat to

resemble ribbon or tape. The ribbons are usually soft, shiny and silky.

Composite Yarns

This yarns also termed as compound yarns as well. It consists of at least two threads,

one forming the core of the composite yarn, and the other strand forms the sheath

component. Out of the two threads one is staple fiber yarn and other one is filament yarn.

It is even in diameter, smooth, and available in the same count range as spun and

filament yarns.

14. Covered Yarns

Covered yarns have a core yarn this is completely covered by fiber or another yarn.

These yarns have different types of covered. The core might be an elastomeric yarn,

such as rubber or spandex, or yarns, such as polyester or nylon. Covered yarns may have

either a single covering or double covering. The second covering is usually twisted in the

direction opposite from the first covering.

These yarns are lighter, more resilient, and more economical than double covered yarns and

can be used in satin, batiste, broadcloth, and suiting as well as for lightweight foundation

garment. Most ordinary elastic yarns are double-covered to give them balance and better

coverage. Fabrics made with these yarns are heavier.

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Different Types of Covered Yarns

15. Metallic Yarns: -

Metallic fibers are manufactured fibers composed of metal, plastic-coated metal, metal-coated plastic,

or a core completely covered by metal. Gold and silver have been used since ancient times as yarns for

fabric decoration. More recently, aluminum yarns, aluminized plastic yarns, and aluminized nylon yarns

have replaced gold and silver. Metallic filaments can be coated with transparent films to minimize

tarnishing.

Metallic yarns or threads, in general, have been known for more than 3000 years. Gold and silver were

hammered into extremely thin sheets, then cut into ribbons and worked into fabrics. These were the

first ‘man made’ fibres, which came thousands of years before nylon or rayon. The Persians made

fabulous carpets with gold thread and the Indians, ornamental sarees with it. The metal threads were

twisted, doubled or wrapped around some other thread such as cotton

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibers

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarn

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminum

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal


29

Cross-section of Lamination used for making Metallic yarns

3.3. Market potential of Fancy Yarn:-

While considering the market for fancy yarns, we need to remember that these goods are not

commodity items, and nor will they ever be. Their purpose is to add colour or texture, or both. So

market value of fancy yarns will remain negligible with compared to the rest of the textile

market. But due to the consequence of liberalization in trade with countries like China a great

interest in fancy yarn area is noticed in textile market all over the world. Due to liberalization in

fancy yarns sector trade between Europe and Asia, the main Asian producers of fancy yarns

compete with each other to offer to more and more sophisticated products.

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Chapter 4

4 Project Process Flow

4.1 Need of Project

1. Similar looking products and yarns being utilized by retailers

2. No usp as far as yarns are concerned

3. More fashionable products variety

4. No perceived substitute

5. Skimming pricing for higher margins

6. Stronger brand image means more footfalls

7. Market leadership

8. First mover advantage

a) Marketing strategies

b) Promotional strategies

9. Brand positioning

1. Similar looking products and yarns being utilized by retailers

There is not much option available in the store in the flat knit / sweater. It’s very conventional,

every retailer have similar looking product, and there is no major variation in the silhouette of

garments. If there is a variation in garment then it is in color only. So we can change our design /

silhouette of garments and make differentiation from others. Fancy yarn can make differentiation

from other available yarn in flat knit / sweater market.

2. No USP as far as yarns are concerned

A unique selling proposition (USP, also seen as unique selling point) is a factor that

differentiates a product from its competitors. They are not concerned of yarn for their garments.

There are different types of yarn made sweater/ flat knits are available in the market they are

polyester blended, cotton blended, acrylic, wool and viscose blended yarn, etc. All these yarns

are being use since many years. There are no varieties available in these blended yarns in India;

there composition percentage is also same in each garment available in different stores. In flat

knit/ sweater they use these conventional yarn blends for garmenting for every world. So, fancy

yarn would be our unique selling proposition because it may differentiates from other retailers

and grab attention from the customers.

3. More fashionable products variety

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Fancy yarn can be use for the fashionable garment; we have number of brand such as Honey,

Candies, Annabelle who is already known for their fashionable product. By the using of fancy

yarn we can increase our fashionable product variety. Sequin yarn, feather chenille yarn and

boucle yarn etc can change the product aesthetics and change the visual perception of customers.

4. No perceived substitute

There are few retailers which are doing the fancy yarn flat knit / sweaters and those who are

doing their price are very high. If we are going to make fancy yarn as a USP in our flat knit /

sweater it create the perception that there's no substitute available on the market although

competitors may have a similar product, The business gains an advantage in the market, as

customers view the product as unique.

5. Skimming pricing for higher margins

Fancy yarn in Flat knit / sweater will be new products in a market so we can set high initial price

for those products. Because of their uniqueness, quality and aesthetics of the product customer

will buy at that price. So we can keep our margin high on those products.

6. Stronger brand image means more footfalls

Brand image plays an important role in the development of a brand, because the brand image

regarding reputation and credibility of the brand that later became the "guidelines" for the

consumer audience to try or use a product or service. These fancy yarns in flat knit / sweater is

new in market which can change the perception of the brand due to increase in the product

variety and their uniqueness and creates a new image. Once we change the image of brand we

make more footfalls.

7. First mover advantage

If we start using fancy yarn in flat knit / sweater in bulk then we will be the first to enter in

specific market, being a first company may acquire superior brand recognition and customer

loyalty. Then we can make our own marketing and promotional strategies. We can make long

lasting impression on customer. If it makes a better product then it will sell faster and make more

profit than other products.

8. Brand positioning

Brand positioning refers to target customer’s reason to buy our brand in preference to others. It

is combination of audience and us. We can enhance audience believed and valued for us. As our

brand tagline in love with fashion by the using of fancy yarn we can show more fashion in our

flat knit / sweater. And it will be distinctive from the competitors and appropriate to all major

markets and business.

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4.2 SWOT Analysis:-

Strength

1. Product innovativeness

2. Suited for all ages

3. Variety of types and options

4. Wide price range

Weakness

1. Lack of options in India

2. Technology are not upgraded

3. Low quality products

4.Limited vendors availability

5. Higher lead time

Opportunities

1. Growing customer base

2. Wider product mix

3. Growth in assortment planning and budget

4. Increase in sales

Threat

1.Government policies

2. Our exchange rate

4.3. Vendor Evaluation and Assessment

In the vendor evaluation process, an objective, unbiased decision is very hard to reach given the

numerous criteria that need to be carefully considered and examined. One formal group

management technique for determining a set of evaluation criteria is ngt. This well-known

process forces everyone to participate and no dominant person is allowed to come out and

control the proceedings. In ngt, all ideas have equal stature and will be judged impartially by the

group. In our problem, seven potential evaluation criteria are determined as follows

1. On-time delivery.

2. Product quality.

3. Price/cost.

4. Facility and technology.

5. Responsiveness to customer needs.

6. Professionalism of salesperson.

7. Quality of relationship with vendor.

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4.4 Micro process flow chart of project

1. Tapping for overseas yarn vendor

Search for Yarn Vendors

International Market Domestic Market

China South Korea Taiwan Indiamart.com

alibaba.com / globalsource.com

alibaba.com / globalsource.com alibaba.com / globalsource.com

1. Shanghai Hoyia Textile Co.

Ltd.

2. JiangyinZeyuan Textile

Co.Ltd.

3. Ningbo Kingbird Import &

Export Co. Ltd

4. Wuxi zhonghuaiTexile Co.

Ltd.

5. ZhangjiagangRuihaize Import

& Export Trade Co. Ltd.

6. ZhangjiagangEccess Textile

Co.Ltd

7. JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co.,

Ltd.

8. Ningbo Consinee Woolen

Textile Co., Ltd.

1. Neshin Spinning Co.,

Ltd.

2. Wuho Textile Dyeing &

Finishing Co,.Ltd.

3. Jong King International

Corporation,

1. Young Nam Textile

Co.,Ltd.

2. Youngmi Textile Co. Ltd

3. Dongsung Textile Co.,

Ltd.

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For our project need, I had first studied the Indian retail market what is the feasibility of fancy

yarn, for this I had visited the competitor store to see which type of yarns have been using in the

current market in flat knit/ sweater. Then, I started looking for the vendor/manufacturer of fancy

yarn in India. I have started contact the first existing Indian vendor of pantaloons via telephone

and I collected the data from them. Those are very regular yarns which are available in market.

Then I had communicated some other yarn vendor such as devwoollen mills Ludhiana, Radient

Synthesis Suratetc through indamart.com. I had started communication with the Chinese vendor

through alibaba.com and globelsource.com.

I had communicated with more than 100 plus manufacturer from China, Taiwan and South

Korea. From them more than 20% manufacturer/vendor had replied me with their product

sample, price, composition and lead time. After the further communication 10 percentages of

them had send me the sample of yarn to us. These are the names of vendor who had sent me the

yarn sample and knitted sample of the yarn.

1. Shanghai Hoyia Textile Co. Ltd. China

2. JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co. Ltd. China

3. Wuxi zhonghuaiTexile Co. Ltd. China

4. ZhangjiagangRuihaize Import & Export Trade Co. Ltd. China

5. ZhangjiagangEccess Textile Co. Ltd China

6. JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co., Ltd. China

7. Ningbo Kingbird Import & Export Co., Ltd China

Comparative study of product available in the store of Pantaloons, Max, Reliance

World store brand price product composition

Men Pantaloons Ajile 1399 100% cotton

Men Pantaloons Rig 1699 100% acrylic

Men Pantaloons JM sport 1199 100% acrylic

Men Pantaloons JM sport 999 100% cotton

Men Pantaloons Byford 1899 lambswool 80% nylon

20%

Women Pantaloons Annabele 1299 100% cotton

Women Pantaloons Bare Denim 1299 100% cotton

Women Pantaloons Bare Denim 1399 100% cotton

Women Pantaloons Jealous 21 1799 100% acrylic



Men Reliance DNMX 1099 ACRYLIC+COTTON

Men Reliance DNMX 1099 Wool

Men Reliance DNMX 1199 100% acrylic (full

chain)

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Men Reliance DNMX 899 100% acrylic

Men Reliance Netplay 899 100% cotton

Men Reliance Netplay 1199 100% cotton

Men Reliance Netplay 999 100% acrylic

Men Reliance Netplay 799 100% acrylic

Men Reliance Team spirit 999 100% cotton

Men Reliance Team spirit 799 100% acrylic

Men Reliance Team spirit 1299 100% cotton

Women Reliance DNMX 899 NA

Women Reliance DNMX 999 NA

Men Max Max 899 100% cotton



Men Max Max 899 50% acrylic+50%

cotton


Women Max Max 899 viscous 80% + nylon

20%

Women Max Max 799 100% acrylic



Kids Max Max 749 100% cotton

2. ReceivedDifferent Sample of Yarn from Overseas Vendor:

Yarn types

Sequinn Yarn

Chenille yarn Boucle Yarn

Spacedyed Yarn

Ping pong Yarn Pom pom Yarn

Linen Yarn

Slub Yarn

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I had received different types of fancy yarns from different vendors with their detail such as ex-

price of yarn, minimum order quantity, composition/blends of yarn and gauge. It took a week to

deliver the yarn from china to Mumbai, India.

Yarn Details:-

vendor:- Zhangjiagang Eccess Textile Co.Ltd

Composition count price(US dollars) gauge MOQ (Kg)

55%Linen / 45%Polyester 1/30S 8.96 8

55%Linen / 45%Cotton ( softned raw white ) 2/30S 10.55 12

65% Cotton / 35% Linen 1/40S 16.28 12

55% Linen / 45%Cotton ( colored ) 2/30S 13.65 12

55% Linen / 45% Rayon 2/30S 10.76 8

55% Linen / 45% cotton (raw white) 2/30S 10.16 12

60% Acrylic / 40% Nylon Tape Yarn 1/7.5 NM 8.2 8

100% Nylon Soft Feather Yarn 1/13.8 NM 9.3 12

100% Polyester Mirco Soft Feather Yarn 1/10 NM 7.2 8

contact person: - X J songs

1000 kg

Vendor:- Shanghai Hoyia Woolen Textile Co.

Ltd

Composition count price(US dollars) gauge MOQ (Kg)

80%Acrylic20%Nylon 2/36 NM 6 10

100%Polyester 1/13.5 NM 7.22 7

100% Polyester 2/24 NM 9.8 7

36%Viscose32%Rayon32%Acrylic 3/80 NM 10.8 14

30%Wool70%Acrylic 1/7NM 9.5 14

60%Cotton40%Acrylic 2/16 S 7.2 14

100%Polyester 1/11 NM 8 9

50%Modal50%Cotton 2/32 S 10 14

100% Cotton 2/32 S 7.5

70%Acrylic15%Mercerized Wool 15%nylon 2/48 NM 10 12

55% Linen / 45% cotton (raw white/color) 2/40s 12.61 12

contact person: - Olina Wang

100 Kg per

color

Vendor:- Jong King International

Corporation, Tiawan

Composition Count Price(US dollars) Gauge MOQ (Kg)

Acrylic 44%/ 38%Acid/ 18% Polyester 1/2.5Ne 10.2 4 1000 Kg

contact person: - Peiling Huang / Hsin Hsiang Hunag

Vendor:- Tangshan Zhouying Textile Co. Ltd.


55% Linen / 45% cotton (raw white) 2/20 S 5.5 8 1000kg

Contact person: - Leo Ma

Vendor:- Wuxi Zhonghuai Textiles Co. Ltd


100% Acrylic 2/36 NM 7.49 8

100% Acrylic 2/32 NM 7.49 8

100 % Polyester(towel Yarn, Baby Yarn) 4/4.1 NM 6.5 4

100 % Polyester (Feather Yarn) 1/.6 NM 6.5 4

500

Contact person: - Abby

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Vendor:- Zhangjiagang Xinjinma Textile Co.

Ltd


100% Acrylic (Nep Yarn) 2/9 NM 6.39 7gg 1500

100% Cotton (Chenille Yarn) 1/4.5 NM 7.83 5gg 2000

100%Polyester (Feather Yarn) 1/6.3 NM 5.90 5gg 1500

100% Rayon 1/4.5 NM 5.93 5gg 2000

100% Acrylic (TT Yarn) 1/2.4 NM 5.52 3gg 2000

100% Cotton (Slub Yarn) 1/6 NM 6.66 5gg 2000

65% Acrylic / 25% Polyester / 10% Nylon 1/3.8 NM 6.09 3gg 2000

95% Acrylic 5% Polyester 1/3.5 NM 7.1 3gg 1500

Contact person: - Gary Zhang

Vendor:- Zhoushan Minghon Industry & amp

Trade Co. Ltd.


Linen Yarn 100% linen 2/ 24 NM 13.55 12

70% cotton 30% Nylon 1/ 47NM 10.75 8

55% Linen 45% Cotton 1/ 18 NM 10.45 12

66% Linen 34% Viscose 1/ 24 NM 18.60 8

78% Linen 22% Cotton 1/ 12 NM 13.60 8

74% Slub Cotton 26% Viscose 1/ 20 NM 12.85 8

100% Slub Cotton 1/ 8 NM 11.40 8

64% Acrylic 28% Viscose 8% Nylon 1/ 28 NM 9.30 8

66% Slub Cotton 34% Viscose 1/26 NM 11.40 8

89% Viscose 11% Nylon 1/ 24 NM 10.15 8

80% Viscose 20% Nylon 1/ 18 NM 10.55 8

55% Linen 45% Viscose 1/ 13.5 NM 14.30 8

Contact person: - Jeff Fu

300 kg per

color

Vendor:- Jiangyin Zeyuan Textile Co., Ltd.


100% Polyester Ping Pong Chenille Yarn 1/6NM 6.11 4 500

100% Polyester Pom Pom Chenille Yarn 1/5 NM 6.75 4 500

Contact person: - Caiyun Kuang

Vendor:- Shaoxing County Ang Jia Textile Co.

Ltd


100% Polyester Sequin Yarn 150D+3MM/5.5NM 4.2 4 500



100% Polyester Yarn 150D/2 4 4 500

100% Polyester Space Dye Spun Yarn 150D/144F 4.85 4 500


Contact person: - Ferrydesk

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3. Knitting and Manufacturing of garments:

After getting the yarn from the overseas vendor it was send to the local Indian vendor in

Ludhiana for knitting where they check the yarn feasibility. They knitted the yarn on different

gauge machine and check which machine gives the better result. Once the yarn changed from

fiber to fabric sample it sent back to us this way is follow only in starting stage.

For the long run or bulk production we decide yarn will land to the Bangladesh vendor according

to their property/quality then those vendors will knit it and manufacture the final product

according to our design and capacity then it will ship to the Pantaloons warehouse for the

distribution or sell.

In starting Stage:-

Knitting of Yarn

Sriyansh Knits, Ludhiana

For Long run or bulk Production

(Suggested):-

Manufacturing unit at Bangladesh

Knitting and Manufacturing of Yarn

Pantaloons Warehouse of pantaloons

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4. Presentation and costing of the final garment:

In presentation part I think which type of yarn will good for which type of final product. For

this I make a swatch book for each yarn with their details such as vendor name, composition

of yarn, gauge, yarn type, MOQ and yarn count with their yarn sample and knitted fabric,

In the second part of the swatch book the final product/garment image is added with the

particular yarn fabric and their costing detail of that particular garments.

Costing details include these things:-

Style No Garment Name

Yarn Rate (ex China in dollar)

Yarn Rate (Landed)(Rs)

Net Weight (gm)

Percentage (%) To Be Extra For Gross Weight

Gross Weight (gm)

Yarn cost

Knitting Cost

CM (Wash/Cut/Mend/Stitching/Press/Link/Etc)

Trims

Value Addition

Branding Trims

Packaging

Overheads

Total

Profit %

Profit (Value)

Total Ex Factory

Freight

Taxes/ Duties

Landed Cost

MRP (Suggested)

Gross Margin %

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4.5. Swatch book:

Vendor Name: - Shaoxing County AngJia Textile Co. Ltd

Yarn Details

Count: - 150D/2

Composition: - 100% Polyester

Yarn cost per Kg (ex-china):- USD 4

Gauge: - 4gg

MOQ: - 500Kg per color

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Garment Image: -

Garment costing detail with suggested price:-

Style No Shrug

Yarn Rate (ex China in dollar) $4.00

Yarn Rate (Landed)(Rs) 270.90

Net Weight (gm) 600

Percentage (%) To Be Extra For Gross Weight 15%

Gross Weight (gm) 690

Yarn cost 186.92

Knitting Cost 110

CM (Wash/Cut/Mend/Stitching/Press/Link/Etc) 120

Trims 0

Value Addition 0

Branding Trims 7

Packaging 10

Overheads 0

Total 433.92

Profit % 10%

Profit (Value) 43.39

Total Ex Factory 477.31

Freight 10

Taxes/ Duties 57.56

Landed Cost 544.88

MRP (Suggested) 1599

Gross Margin % 65.92%

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Yarn Details: - Space Dye Spun Yarn

Count: - 150D / 144F


Yarn cost per Kg (ex-china):- USD 4.85

Gauge: - 4gg


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Garment Image: -


Style No Sweater



Net Weight (gm) 600



Yarn cost 223.87

Knitting Cost 85


Trims 0

Value Addition 0

Branding Trims 7

Packaging 10

Overheads 0

Total 410.87

Profit % 10%



Freight 10

Taxes/ Duties 50.36

Landed Cost 512.32



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Yarn Details

Count: - 150D +3MM/5.5NM



Gauge: - 4gg


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Garment Image: -


Style No Shrug



Net Weight (gm) 600



Yarn cost 195.62

Knitting Cost 110


Trims 0

Value Addition 0

Branding Trims 7

Packaging 10

Overheads 0

Total 442.62

Profit % 10%



Freight 10

Taxes/ Duties 57.56

Landed Cost 554.44



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Vendor Name: - JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co. Ltd

Yarn Details: - PomPom Yarn

Count: - 1 / 5NM



Gauge: - 4gg


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Garment Image: -


Style No Shrug



Net Weight (gm) 600



Yarn cost 306.46

Knitting Cost 110


Trims 0

Value Addition 0

Branding Trims 7

Packaging 10

Overheads 0

Total 553.46

Profit % 10%



Freight 10

Taxes/ Duties 68.36

Landed Cost 687.17



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Vendor Name: - JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co. Ltd

Yarn Details: - Ping Pong Chenille Yarn

Count: - 1 / 6 NM



Gauge: - 4gg


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Garment Image: -


Style No Sweater



Net Weight (gm) 700



Yarn cost 325.08

Knitting Cost 85


Trims 0

Value Addition 0

Branding Trims 7

Packaging 10

Overheads 0

Total 512.08

Profit % 10%



Freight 10

Taxes/ Duties 61.16

Landed Cost 634.46



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Vendor Name: - ZhangjiagangEccess Textile Co.Ltd

Yarn Details: - Feather Yarn

Count: - 1/13.8 NM

Composition: - 100% Nylon


Gauge: - 12gg


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Yarn Details: - Micro Soft Poly Feather Yarn

Count: - 1/10 NM



Gauge: - 8gg


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Yarn Details: - Tape Yarn

Count: - 1/7.7 NM

Composition: - 60% Acrylic / 40% Nylon


Gauge: - 8gg

MOQ: - 500 Kg per color

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Yarn Details: - Linen Yarn

Count: - 2 /24 NM

Composition: - 100 % linen


Gauge: - 8gg

MOQ: - 300 Kg per color

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Garment Image:-

Garment Costing Detail with Suggested Price: -

Style No Polo



Net Weight (gm) 400



Yarn cost 401.37

Knitting Cost 85


Trims 0

Value Addition 0

Branding Trims 7

Packaging 10

Overheads 0

Total 578.37

Profit % 10%



Freight 10

Taxes/ Duties 64.76

Landed Cost 710.97



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4.6. Findings and Suggestions for commercial application of project

1. I was observed the garments which are available in different brands are manufactured by same

blends/compositions of yarns. All are very similar type of product. There was not use different

blended yarn for the sweater/flat knits garments.

Suggestions: - They should use fancy yarn which is available in market for their garments in

some brand whose theme is party wear, elegant. Fancy yarns are available in market in different

blends. It will change the product aesthetics and look. At a price point, in the same price

pantaloons can offer some different product which will be new for customer. Fancy yarn is in

naïve stage in India, so there is a huge opportunity. It can increase the market value of brand for

an example there is a brand Honey known for party wear garments and price lies in between

1299 to 1899 for the very similar yarn which is available in market, silhouette and design. By the

using of fancy yarn pantaloons can offer these fancy yarn garments in same price range which

will be new for customer and it makes different from other competitor brands.

2. They have manufactured the final garment from Ludhiana. It is a well known famous place for

the flat knit industries. Seventy percentages of flat knits/sweaters are manufactured here. But due

to their low quality and lack of modern technique and skilled labor they are unable to

manufacture some type of yarn and garments

Suggestions: - They should use modern and efficient manufacturing technique for their final

products. Now a day’s Bangladesh is a better destination for the manufacture of garments.

Bangladesh is a hub in south Asia in textile. They have modern technique/machines and skilled

labour in low cost. India is not a good market in fancy yarns. China is very rich in fancy yarn

industries. They are very technology sound and advance equipped. We can buy different types of

fancy yarn from china in different blends/composition which is workable on all types of machine

available in India and Bangladesh. We can’t directly import India because import duties fiber,

textiles and apparel are highest amongst the world. For an example, the import duty on raw wool

is 22% and on wool-top it is 50% with an additional duty of 11.5% payable on imports. Besides

this, the total duty on the wool yarn is 67.5%. Import duty on machine is 25% while import duty

on machine parts is around 52%. Sometimes the maintenance of imported machine becomes

costlier. Because of this, the manufacturers avoid purchasing of modern imported machine. So, it

would be profitable to source the yarn from the china and manufacture the end product in

Bangladesh. In south Asia now days, Bangladesh is a manufacturing hub in textile business

because of the low labor cost and imported and upgraded machine availability. Hence the price

of the end product would be lower than the china. In china, there is another problem is

communication.

3. Add some value in the yarn (sequins/ beads/ etc):- They should use also some value additional

yarn such as sequins yarns.

4. Through innovative silhouettes/ styles dyeing and washes.

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Chapter 5

5 Benefits and Learning Outcomes

5.1 Benefits to the company

Created a Swatch book for the fancy yarn.

Followed up with all vendors for yarn and development sample

Maintained inwards of all samples of AW’14 and AW’15 on excel

Maintained and followed up for all video and photo shoot styles of AW’15

5.2 Learning Outcomes

Communication process with overseas vendors

Costing of a flat knit / sweater

Negotiation with vendor

Understanding the duty structure and landed costing in India

MS Excel, Adobe Photoshop and adobe illustrator.

Got to know about the technical features of techpack / indent

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6 Webliography

http://pantaloons.com/

http://www.alibaba.com/

http://www.globalsources.com/

http://www.indiamart.com/

http://textilelearner.blogspot.in/2013/02/fancy-yarn-types-and-classification-of.html

http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/116102038/42

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http://pantaloons.com/

http://www.alibaba.com/

http://www.globalsources.com/

http://textilelearner.blogspot.in/2013/02/fancy-yarn-types-and-classification-of.html

http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/116102038/42


59

Annexure I

Vendor list:-

Name of the contact person Adress of company

Lily wu Ningbo Consinee Woolen Textile Co., Ltd.

Xiaojun song ZhangjiagangEccess Textile Co.Ltd

Jason Zhang Zhangjiagqianyao textile co.ltd

Bill Chen Shanghai Henfung yarn Co.,Ltd. and Shanghai Splendor

Textile Co. ,Lt

Alice Li JiangyinJiaherun textile Co.,Ltd.

Caroline Song JiangyinXuhong International Trade Co., Ltd

Daniel Zhang Shanghai Jindun Industrial Co., Ltd.

Jenny Jiang YanchengHongshun Textile Co., Ltd

Judge Zhuang Jiangsu Changshuo Textile Technology Co., Ltd.

Zhihao Tan China Silk Industrial & Trading Corp

Hsin Hsiang Hunag Jong King International Corporation, Tiawan

Gary zhang ZhangjiagangRuihaize Import & Export Trade Co., Ltd.

Mitony sun Nice Sweater (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

Ms. Olinawang Shanghai Hoyia Woolen Textile Co., Ltd.

Linda Xu Yangzhou Longjiang Weaving Factory

stone shi Ningbo Win Way Co., Ltd.

Monika Mao Wuhu Yufeng Textile Co., Ltd.

Mr. West Chan: Jiangsu Sincere Imp.& Exp. Co., Ltd.

Null null Wuxi zhonghuaiTexileCo.,Ltd.

Ms. Tyche Tang Tonglu Amazing Textile Co., Ltd

Ms. Michelle Lan Huizhou XRC Yarn Factory

Mr. Jason Xie: Shanghai Zhongxin Textile Industrial Co., Ltd

Ms. yuanyuanzhao Jiangsu Changhong Woolen Industry Group Co., Ltd

JEFF FU ZhoushanMinghon Industry & Trade Co., Ltd

Vicky Tang Tangshan Xiwei International Trade Co., Ltd

Alisa Lee Dongguan Haopengyou Textile Co., Ltd.

Ms. winniewei Ningbo Kingbird Import & Export Co., Ltd

Ms. caiyunkuang JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co., Ltd.

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Mr. min huang Hangzhou Chunyan Silk Co., Ltd.

Mr. Bill Shi Hangzhou Hengniu Fancy Yarn Co., Ltd.

Ms. shelly guo: Nantong Xufeng Textile Industrial Co., Ltd.

Mr. Jonah Huang Yoon Networks (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

Mr. Louis Wu Shandong Saite New Material Co., Ltd.

Ms. Sunny zhang Shandong Europeyarn Co., Ltd.

Mr. Yikang Yao DSA Textile Enterprises Ltd.

Mr. Charles Xu Zhangjiagang City Hengmei Textile Co., Ltd

jessica li Wenzhou Hangao International Trade Co., Ltd.

Ms. Olinawang Shanghai Hoyia Woolen Textile Co., Ltd

Ms. wendywang Huizhou XRC Yarn Factory

Ms. Summer Li Hangzhou Suoyite Import & Export Co., Ltd.

Mr. Samuel Gao Shanghai Charmkey Textile Co., Ltd

Ms. heidi z JiangyinZeyuan Textile Co., Ltd.

Ms. luya TaizhouYalu Import And Export Trading Co., Ltd.

Ms. Lily Sun ChangshuZhstex Fancy Yarn Factory

Mr. Badi Chen Ningbo Two Birds Industry Co., Ltd.

guangyiwu Zhejiang Saurer New Material Technology Co., Ltd

Bill Shi Hangzhou Hengniu Fancy Yarn Co., Ltd

qiupingshi Dongguan Dingju Trade Co., Ltd.

Mr. Xiaojun Song ZhangjiagangEccess Textile Co., Ltd

Mr. Bill Chen Shanghai Splendor Textile Co., Ltd.

null null Shaoxing County Angjia Textile Co., Ltd

Mr. Miaolin Zhu / Ferry Shaoxing County AngJia Textile Co., Ltd

nulll null Shanghai Hoyia Textile Co., Ltd.

Ms. Rebecca Liu: ZhangjiagangRuihaizeCo.,ltd

sherry zhou ZhangjiagangHanzhuo Textile Co., Ltd

Ms. Afrawang Ningbo Consinee Woolen Textile Co., Ltd.

Ms. Monika Mao Wuhu Yufeng Textile Co., Ltd

Mr. Bill Chen Shanghai Splendor Textile Co., Ltd.

Ms. yuanyuanzhao Jiangsu Changhong Woolen Industry Group Co., Ltd

Mr. Leo Ma Tangshan Zhouying Textile Co., Ltd.

Ms. Alina Zhang: DezhouHuamao Textile Co., Ltd.

Mr. QIANMEI CHEN Hubei Jinghua Textile Group Co., Ltd

Mr. Foyle Pang Zhangjiagang Permanent Li Fung Textile Co., Ltd.

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ZengguangZheng Beijing Guanghui Textile Co., Ltd

Shelly Tseng Hunan Goldentex Co., Ltd.

Mr. David Qiu ZhangjiagangPrancy Dragon Textile Co., Ltd.

Mr. Max Jiang Hunan GuangYuan Ramie Textile Co., Ltd

Ms. Cathy Fan Ningbo Toway Imp. & Exp. Co., Lt

Alpha Cheng JiangyinXuhong International Trade Co., Ltd.

penglui Jiangsu Changhong Woolen Industry Group Co., Ltd

Annexure II

Contacts made during the project in Pantaloons:

Name Department Designation Email ID

Vikas Bhatia Sourcing Group Manager [email protected]

KeshwarKela

wala Sourcing Asst.Manager

[email protected]

a.com

Niraj Singh Sourcing Senior Sourcing Manager [email protected]

PrakashSah Sourcing Deputy Manager [email protected]

Ankit Gupta Sourcing Asst. Manager [email protected]

Shreya Designer Men's Wear Designer [email protected]

PriyankaRath

ore Designer Men's Wear Designer

[email protected].

com

SomnathSark

ar Buyer

Men's Wear Buying

Manager

[email protected]

om

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