Designing with Geogrids

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    DESIGNING WITHGEOGRIDSProperties and Test Methods. Designing for GeogridReinforcements. Design Criti!e. Constr!ctionMethods

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    INTROD"CTION

    Matri# $i%e materia$s. Open Spaces ca$$ed apertures&'( to '((mm )eRibsare the $ongit!dina$ and trans,erse respecti,e$-. REINFORCEM

    Uniaxial or Unidirectional Geogridsare for *a$$s and s$opes. BidirBiaxial Geogrids are for Pa,ements and o!ndation.

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    PH/SIC01 PROPERTIESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.'

    Ri) Dimensions. 3!nction T-pe. 0pert!re Si4e. Thic%ness 5STR0IGH

    ORW0RD Mass per !nit 0rea &6(( to '((( g7m6+. Percent Open 0rea &8( to 9

    DENSITY. Or speci>rigidit-+. 0 geogrid hangs on an inc$ined P$ane at an ang$e 8'.:degrthe hori4onta$. When the geogrid )ends and e,ent!a$$- to!ches theof the inc$ined p$ane@ its distance is meas!red and then re$ated to tper !nit area.

    IN-PLANE TORSIONAL STIFFNESS. C$amping a s!are )idirectio

    geogrid test specimen in a rigid frame and

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    END"R0NCE PROPERTIESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

    INSTALLATION DAMAGE.P$acement of geogrids in the

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    END"R0NCE PROPERTIESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

    CREEP RUPTURE BEHAVIOR.Bariation of tension creep. In this pr

    higher stresses are imposed on the specimens. 0 graph@ $oad,ers!can )e generated. When e#trapo$ated o!t of the desired ser,ice $ifaccepta)$e $oad can )e o)tained. When norma$i4ed to the shortterthe in,erse ratio )ecomes the red!ction factor to )e app$ied on !$tistrength.

    ACCELERATED TESTING METHODS. "ti$i4es timetemperat!res!perposition &TTS+ to prod!ce series of c!r,es at ,ario!s e$e,atedtemperat!re. There are 6 ,ariations of TTS. 0s per 0STM D:696 app*hich !ses indi,id!a$ test specimens for each temperat!re step anincrement. Stepped Isotherma$ Method &0STM DA996+@ !ses same sand cascades strain meas!rements at each temperat!re increment

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    DEGR0D0TION ISS"ESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

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    DEGR0D0TION ISS"ESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

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    DEGR0D0TION ISS"ESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

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    DEGR0D0TION ISS"ESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

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    DEGR0D0TION ISS"ESPROPERTIES 0ND TEST METHODS2.'.2

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 0SECO"RSESDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT2.6.'The use of geogrids in paved road aggregate base courses is an are

    the large aperture size provide an excellent advantage.

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 0SECO"RSESDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENTThe use of geogrids in paved road aggregate base courses is an are

    the large aperture size provide an excellent advantage.

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 0SECO"RSESDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENTThe use of geogrids in paved road aggregate base courses is an are

    the large aperture size provide an excellent advantage.

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 P0BEMENDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT2.6.6

    There is a research on the p$acement of geogrids direct

    *ithin the pa,ement itse$f &)it!men or concrete+The materia$ and t-pe of geogrid is ,er- important@ sinaspha$t *i$$ not easi$- )ond to s!rfaces of po$-eth-$enepo$-prop-$ene@ or po$-ester.

    !t it can do for -arnt-pe geogrids. Partic!$ar$- if )it!mcoated.

    The in?!ence of geogrid shrin%age d!ring p$acement oaspha$t ma- )e a pro)$em for mo$ec!$ar stress re$a#ati$oss of strength or mod!$!s for high$- oriented geogrids

    In spite of the a)o,e comments@ s!ccess has )een repothe pre,ention of re?ecti,e crac%ing !sing geogrids as

    arresters.

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 P0BEMENDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    The use of geogrids to retard and minimize reective cracking with

    pavements from propagating through newly placed asphalt overlaytopic of great interest.

    Power Law to calculate the rate of crack

    propagation through the new overlay thickness

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 P0BEMENDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    xample

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 P0BEMENDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    !olution

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    P0BED RO0DS 5 P0BEMENDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    !olution

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    "NP0BED RO0DSDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT2.6.2

    The use of geogrids to reinforce soft and"or compressible foundation

    unpaved aggregate roads is a ma#or application area. Mechanisms of reinforcement are increase soi$ strengthenhanced $oad spreading@ and mem)rane s!pport ,iacontro$$ed r!tting.

    The dierence in re!ired thic%ness of stone )ase is thcompared *ith the cost of the insta$$ed geogrid@ it is

    recommended for !se. Nonreinforced Case@ ".S. 0rm- Corps of Engineers !nparoad form!$a has )een adapted that inc$!des n!m)er o,ehic$e passages.

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    "NP0BED RO0DSDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    $or the geogrid reinforced case% new concepts are developed that in

    mentioned mechanisms. The e&ect are as follows'

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    "NP0BED RO0DSDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    $or the geogrid reinforced case% new concepts are developed that in

    mentioned mechanisms. The e&ect are as follows'

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    "NP0BED RO0DSDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT

    (y taking the combined e&ect of the )rst*two mentioned mechanismcomparing it to non*reinforced case% +iroud et. al developed a design

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    CONSTR"CTION METHODDESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORCEMENT2.8

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    DESIGNING OR GEOGRID REINORC

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