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Designing Off-Grid PV Hybrid system for lower LCOE Solar & Off-Grid Renewable Southeast Asia 2015
Dr. Wuthipong Suponthana, PhD.Leonics Co., Ltd. Thailand.
Phone: +66 8 1815 3787/ Email: [email protected]
Established : 1991 , 25 Years in Business
Years in solar energy : 15 Years
Businesses - Equipment Maker ( Inverter, Charger, System Controller)
- PV-DG-Storage Hybrid System Design & Engineering
- Custom RNE System designing and Engineering
- System Integrating, Installing & commissioning
- Operation and Maintenance service
- Tele-monitoring and performance analyzing service
Experiences in Off-Grid PV : 5kW to 5 MW total Power with storage up to 4.8MWh
Off-Grid Product range : Bi-Directional inverter 150W to 500kW/unit,
MW scale parallel inverters up to 2000kW/system
QA System : Certified ISO 9001 by UL since 1997
: Certified TIS/ISO 9001 since 2001
EM System : Certified TIS/ISO 14001 since 2001
International recognition : Frost&Sullivan Southeast Asia’s 2011: Emerging Inverter Company of the year
HOMER ENERGY - Micro Grid Simulation : Industry Partner Since 2014
Employee Profile : 1 PhD. in Renewable Energy (Hybrid System)
2 PhD. Candidates in Renewable Energy (PV-DG Hybrid)
10 Master Degree in Engineering and Management
226 Employees (Degree in Engineering and Science 12%)
Affiliate Companies : LDM Pty (Singapore), Design, O&M for Micro-Grid test Bed system at Ubin Island
: PT. LGI (Indonesia), Manufacture, Service and Maintenance Inverters in Indonesia
Agendas- PV energy system configuration DC and AC coupling - Efficiency of each type- HOMER verification of the DC-AC coupling design- LCOE of a system under evaluation- Where are the plants using these design concept- How the system performs in real operation- Conclusion
AC Coupling VS DC Coupling
AC coupling Stand Alone
PV-WT Hybrid System
Bi-Directional Inverter
Grid Connect Inverter
DC coupling Stand Alone
PV-WT Hybrid System
InverterCharge Controller
AC Load
AC Load
Efficiency from PV to supply load = 96% Efficiency from PV to supply load = 93.1%
96% 95%
98%
Real Load = Load + BDI Loss
Day time system efficiency when PV supply Load
7th Meeting of the ASIA SOLAR ENERGY FORUM, Oct 17, 2014 : Dr. Wuthipong Suponthana, PhD.
AC coupling Stand Alone
PV-WT Hybrid System
Bi-Directional Inverter
Grid Connect Inverter
DC coupling Stand Alone
PV-WT Hybrid System
InverterCharge Controller
AC Load
AC Load
96%
98%
AC Coupling VS DC Coupling
90%
90%
95%
82.08% from 100% of PV output
88.20% from 100% of PV output
Day time system efficiency when PV charge battery
Efficiency of PV energy path to charge Battery = 88.2%
Efficiency of PV energy path to charge Battery = 82.08%
7th Meeting of the ASIA SOLAR ENERGY FORUM, Oct 17, 2014 : Dr. Wuthipong Suponthana, PhD.
BDI must be size
big to handle charge
Current from PV
AC coupling Stand Alone
PV-WT Hybrid System
Bi-Directional Inverter
Grid Connect Inverter
DC coupling Stand Alone
PV-WT Hybrid System
InverterCharge Controller
AC Load
AC Load
95%
95%98%
AC Coupling VS DC Coupling
95%
95%
88.20% from 100% of PV output
Efficiency from PV to battery and Back to supply load = 74.07%
Efficiency from PV to battery and Back to supply load = 79.6%
Night time system overall efficiency when battery supply load
82.08% from 100% of PV output
95%
7th Meeting of the ASIA SOLAR ENERGY FORUM, Oct 17, 2014 : Dr. Wuthipong Suponthana, PhD.
- Both of them are good in different time- DC coupling is better when PV is used to charge battery- AC coupling is better when PV is used to direct supply
load
System Efficiency
Day time chargein to Battery
Day time supply to Load
Night time round trip supply load
DC Coupling 88.20% 93.1% 79.60%
AC Coupling 82.08% 96.0% 74.07%
7th Meeting of the ASIA SOLAR ENERGY FORUM, Oct 17, 2014 : Dr. Wuthipong Suponthana, PhD.
Hybrid DC-AC design approachHybrid DC-AC Coupling can improve COE of system
HOMER Pro Simulation with Different
Load Profile
7th Meeting of the ASIA SOLAR ENERGY FORUM, Oct 17, 2014 : Dr. Wuthipong
Suponthana, PhD.
Bi-directionalBattery Inverter 50 kW
PV on AC Coupling25 kWp
PV on DC Coupling 125kWp
Grid Connect Inverter 25 kW
MPPT Charge Controller125 kW
Diesel Generator50kW
GS
Battery480Vdc 4,800 kWh
HOMER Pro Simulation Conditions
- 480 kWh per day
- 150 kWp PV
- 480 kWh Storage
- 5.14 kWh/day.m2
Flat Load 24h
1 = DG only 2 = DG-BDI-Battery
1
2
- DG power plant alone is better than
charge and discharge battery by DG
3
PV DC Coupling 4
PV AC coupling
5
PV DC-AC coupling
3
4
5
DC Coupling
AC Coupling
DC-AC Coupling
Flat Load profile
3
4
5
3
PV DC Coupling
4
PV AC coupling5
PV DC-AC coupling
DC Coupling
AC Coupling
DC-AC Coupling
Low Day-time load profile
3
PV DC Coupling
4
PV AC coupling5
PV DC-AC coupling
3
4
5
DC Coupling
AC Coupling
DC-AC Coupling
High Day-time load profile
Effect if Day-Night time load ratio and COE
A Sample of LCOE of Plant Design by using DC and AC coupling
- 18 years project life
- PV at DC coupling 70%
- PV at AC coupling 30%
- Lead Acid battery
- Diesel Generators
- Power conditioning Equipment
- Different PV : Diesel Energy Ratio (70%, 90% and 99%)
- Interest rate at 6%
- Include Installation and logistic (case of install in Thailand)
- Include O&M
% pf PV % of Fuel Produce CO2
Design 90.00% 10.00% 123 kg/day
Sim. 90.14%
Irradiation 5.61 kWh/m2.day
Ambient Temp. 32oC 1787215.20 kWh/Year
Peak Load 317.34 kW Aver. Load 204.02 kW/h Total Load 4896.48 kWh/Day
# of Inverter GTP-4030 30 kW
12 Units
MTP-4113 H
200.00 2 units
Back Up DG Power rating 200.00 kW AC Coupling PV 336.06 kWp
Consume Diesel Fuel 172.92 Liters/day Installation Area 2882.25 m2
Fuel Consumption rate 0.28 Liter/kWh
SCM480300 Battery 10000.00 Ah
12 480 Vdc
Units 240.00 Cells Annual Load Energy consumption 1,787,215 kWh
Annual Energy generated form PV 2,001,977 kWh
Expect Batt Life 4.73 Years Annual Diesel fuel consumption 63,115 Liters
Replace fuel @ Energy Price 0.149 IPP 0.340 USD/kWh
DC Coupling PV 962.97 kWp Annual Diesel fuel reduction -63,115 Liters
Installation Area 8259.08 m2Annual Diesel fuel amount saving -34,302 USD
Total Investment 2,702,773 USD
Simple Pay back period 11.67 Years
Project Life 18 Year
Confidential information, this hybrid minigrid design is property of Leonics Co., Ltd., may not reproduce without prio notice to Leonics Co., Ltd. Project IRR reduce use of fuel -6.19% IPP 14.83% %
Averag daily system operation condition and consumptions Site Name :
Project Owner : Site Location (Lat./Long.) :o N
o E
Design by : Wuthipong S. Version/Rev. : 1A Date : 11-Nov-15 Altitude : Meter (ASL)
LEONICS MTP 410 Bidirectiona Inverter
LEONICS SCM charger
15
8.7
15
8.7
15
8.7
15
8.7
15
8.7
15
8.7
18
4.1
17
4.5
18
4.1
19
0.4
19
3.6
20
6.3
21
5.8
21
5.8
21
5.8
20
6.3
19
6.7
19
0.4
20
6.3 31
7.3
30
1.5
28
5.6
25
3.9
20
6.3
0.00
200.00
400.00
kW
Real load Profile
LEONICS Grid Connected Inverter
Leonics Hybrid Design & Simulation tools
Output Performance (from Diagram Sheet)
Yr 5.62
Ya(AC) 4.97
Yf(AC) 4.52
nLoad 95.7%
Lc 0.89
Solar Energy Ratio 70.98%
PRS 83.72%
PR(AC) 80.50%
PR(DC) 84.93%
LCOE without replacement 0.2434
Ein 8,165
Euse 7,810
EtoLoad 4,896
Consume Back up by Fuel 467
Payback Period from reduce Fuel 8.89
Fuel Price at site 0.76
5.62
4.88
4.42
95.6%
1.40
90.14%
74.77%
78.71%
73.40%
0.2157
9,255
8,849
4,896
173
8.34
0.76
5.62 kWh/kWp.day
4.69 kWh/kWp.day
4.25 kWh/kWp.day
95.9%
1.89 kWh/kWp.day
99.42%
66.11%
75.64%
63.36%
0.2211 USD/kWh
9,832 kWh/day
9,433 kWh/day
4,896 kWh/day
11 liter/day
8.98 Year
0.76 USD/kWh
LCOE from different ratio of PV and Diesel Fuel
Where is sample installation sites?
MW scale Stand-Alone Hybrid Mini-Grid System
Kema850 kWp (PV)
850 kW (I)4,800 kWh (B)1600 kW (DG)
Banggi1,200 kWp (PV)
2,075 kW (I)2,880 kWh (B)
1,650 kVA (DG)
Tanjung Labian1,212 kWp (PV)
1,650 kW (I)4,320 kWh (B)1250 kW (DG)
Bario906 kWp (PV)1,100 kW (I)
3,860 kWh (B)1,443 kVA (DG)
(PV) = Photovoltaic Module, (I) = BDI + GCI, (B) = Battery, (DG) = Diesel Generator
3.45MW
3.30MW
4.93MW
4.11MW
X.xxMW
Total Power of INV+DG+PV
T&C 14-Nov-12
T&C 19-Nov-12
T&C 23-Sep-15
T&
C 3
-Fe
b-1
4
Main Contractor : USAHA SIRIMAS SDN. BHD.COD on : 25 January 2014
4.93 MW PV-DG Hybrid System, Banggi Island 2, Sabah, Malaysia(1,200kWp, 1100kWinv, 975kWGC inv, DG 1,650kW)
4.93 MW PV-DG Hybrid System, Banggi Island 2, Sabah, Malaysia(1,200kWp, 1100kWinv, 975kWGC inv, DG 1,650kW)
Bi-directionalBattery Inverter 300kW x 3 = 900kW
Grid Connect Inverter 250kW x 3 = 750kW
MPPT Charge Controller70 kW x3 = 210kW
GS
Diesel Generator350kW 500kW 500kW
GS GS
PV on AC CouplingRemote Station
Grid Connect Inverter 75kW x 3 = 225kW
Battery480Vdc 720 kWh
Battery480Vdc 2,880 kWh
PV Module 1,000 + 200 kWp
BDI 3
BDI 2
BDI 1
Charge Controller
GCI 3
GCI 2
GCI 1
Battery Bank 1 Battery Bank 2
Battery Bank 3
DG 5400kW DG 4
400kW DG 3250kW DG 2
200kW
DG 1200kW
Implementing PV-DG Hybrid system design
At a Collage in Cambodia
DG : 100 KVA
BDI : 75 kVA/kW
PV Inv : 30 kW x 2 with PV 70 kWp (AC coupling)
SCC : 28 kW x 2 with PV 54 kWp (DC coupling)
Battery : 1500 Ah 240 Vdc
Conclusions
- Using DC and AC coupling can get lower LCOE- There is a ration of PV : DG energy that provide
lowest LCOE- The plant designed by using DC-AC coupling concept
can operate well in small plant to MW scale plant for more than 3 years
Thank you for bring us electricity
Children in Papua, Indonesia at the moment that they have electricity, Dec 2012
www.leonics.com
www.leonics.co.th