Designing of rugs with paper folding and cutting motifs ... · shapes and create designs for ladies...

India is a land where every corner is evident with the

greatness of art and craft. It is a land that reflects a

love for colour, an eye for details and form and the innately

artistic personality of the people of India. Craft is an

expression of the human spirit in material form, which

gives delight to mankind. Of all the art-craft of India hand

spun and hand woven textiles are probably the oldest

(Mehta, 1960; Hatanaka, 1993).

In woven textile craft, one of the famous craft is rug

or durrie weaving handicraft. Woven rugs are made by

interweaving weft and warp. A rug usually comes in two

varieties, one that is used on the bed instead of mattress

or below the thin cotton mattress and the other which is

used as a floor covering. The former variety, smaller in

sizes, is made on a pit-loom while the later is made on an

elementary loom called adda. Rugs are usually woven in

India with either cotton or woolen yarns

In today’s fast changing fashion rugs are also

coming in various types with new techniques and designs,

to suit the rapidly growing need of the market. An

attempt has been made to make new type of rug for the

Indian local market. One such type of rug is the screen

printed rug. It is originally made by printing the motifs

or designs on the surface of the woven rugs with the

help of screens.

The art of rug making can be given a new face using

paper folding and cutting motifs on them with the help of

screen printing. A paper folding and cutting motif is an

art used by Chinese people. These people used to cut

HIND INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACTThe present study was aimed to know the origin and history of rug and screen printing, creating 30

rug designs and weaving and printing of selected rug. Most preferred designs were taken for

designing of rugs. Different colour combinations were made following the colour forecast for fall/

winter 2011/12 and evaluation was done. 30 designs of rugs were created with the help of computer

software Coral Draw and Adobe Photoshop. Designs were evaluated and the most preferred design

was selected for weaving and printing. Pre-testing of the sample to check the colour-fastness to

washing and crocking was done in laboratory. The printed rug was shown to leading shopkeepers of

Chandigarh and Panchkula to study the market acceptability. The responses were very encouraging,

overwhelming and positive and it was appreciated by everyone.

Designing of rugs with paper folding and cutting motifs using screen printing

SIMAR PRABH KAUR AND HEMA BISHT

See end of the paper for

authors’ affiliations

Correspondence to:

SIMAR PRABH KAUR

Department of Clothing and

Textiles, Govt. Home Science

College, CHANDIGARH

(U.T.) INDIA

[email protected]

KEY WORDS : Designing, Evaluation, Weaving, Printing, Market acceptability

animals, flowers and figures in the paper with a pairs of

scissors or a knife mainly to decorate their doors and

windows. These motifs have special significance at

festivals and on holidays as it is believed that they bring

good luck so here an attempt has been made to create

unique patterns using paper folding and cutting motifs for

rug designing.

Limitations:

– Only cotton yarns were used for rug weaving.

– The size of rug was limited to 3 feet x 5 feet.

– Most preferred design was woven and printed.

A great numbers of studies have been done related

to present study. Researchers got inspired after studying

these research works and moulded their inspiration to

create designs. The related studies are as follows:

Jain (1993) did a study on chindi durries of Fatehpur

Sikri, with a view to study the origin and development of

chindi durries, its raw material type of motifs and colours

used. The study was also undertaken to know the annual

turnover and export potential of chindi durries. Sohal

(1994) conducted a study regarding the evaluation of

indigenous method of screen printing using pigment dye

and rapid fast colour on cotton fabric, Shivani (2008) did

a study on the designing of dining sheets using foil printing

inspired from Persian motifs. The aim of the study was

to know the Persian motifs and creating 30 designs for

dining sheets by combining them with the help of CAD.

Kalia (2008) did a study on designing of ladies Kurta

How to cite this paper: Kaur, Simar Prabh and Bisht, Hema (2011). Designing of rugs with paper

folding and cutting motifs using screen printing. Asian J. Home Sci., 6 (2) : 240-245.

Article chronicle: Received: 22.08.2011; Revised: 30.09.2011; Accepted: 15.11.2011

Research Paper Volume 6 Issue 2 :240-245Asian Journal of Home Science December, 2011

HIND INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYAsian J. Home Sci. |||| Dec., 2011 |||| Vol. 6 | | | | Issue 2 241

inspired from Hawaiian motifs using stencil printing. The

aim of the study was to modify the motifs into different

shapes and create designs for ladies Kurta using stencil

printing. These motifs were then artistically combined

with fabric to form new styles in Kurtas along with

delicacy, decoration yet comfortable to wear.

Aim and objectives of the study are as: to study the

origin and history of rug and screen printing, to create 30

designs of rugs with the combination of checks and plaids

and paper folding and cutting motifs, to select most

appropriate designs of rug for printing, to screen print the

selected design in the selected colour combination, to test

the colour fastness of the printed rug and to find the market

acceptability of the printed rug.

RESEARCH METHODS

The present study was conducted to use the screen

printing with paper folding and cutting motifs to make

designs suitable for rugs. Various issues of textile

magazines like Textile Trend, Indian Textiles Journals,

Clothesline has been read and material related to screen

printing has been sorted out of reference. Google search

engine has been used to visit var ious websites-

www.whatisscreenprinting.com, www.area-rug-tips.com

etc. survey method was adopted to collect information

regarding yarns used for weaving, colours and pigments

used for screen printing. Survey metssshod was also

adopted to check the market acceptability of screen

printed rugs from 20 shopkeepers of Chandigarh and

Panchkula dealing in furnishing material. Evaluation of

yarns, colour combination and designs were done by ten

experts from the faculty of Home Science college

Chandigarh, 10 students of masters in clothing and textiles

and 10 of Bachelor in Fashion designing because of their

knowledge of textile designing as well as good aesthetic

sense. The data were then analyzed out of the recorded

responses.

RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

The main aim of the study was designing of rugs

with paper folding and cutting motifs using screen printing.

30 designs were developed using paper folding and cutting

motifs and checks and plaids.

Selection of motifs:

For designing of rugs, motifs were picked from a

research done on “Creation of various design through

Paper folding and cutting techniques for textile printing”.

For this, the selected motifs were made by the investigator

with paper using the paper folding and cutting techniques.


Table 1 : Selection of colour combination on the basis of

ranks given by judges

Sr.

No. Colours

Marks out

of 300 Ranks

1. Colour combination no.1 65 3










Table 2 : Evaluation of design on the basis of ranks given by

the judges

Design no Marks out of 900 Ranks

2 534 7

4 529 9

5 560 3

6 554 4

7 433 21

8 579 2

12 537 6

16 532 8

22 545 5

26 523 10

27 611 1

Table 4: Result of colour-fastness to crocking

Dry crocking Wet crocking Sr.

No. Colour change Staining Colour change Staining

1. 5 5 3 2

2. 5 5 3 2

3. 5 5 3/4 2/3

4. 5 5 3 2

5. 5 5 3/4 2/3

Table 3 : Result of colour-fastness to washing

Sr. No. Colour change Staining

1. 5 5

2. 5 5

3. 5 5

4. 5 5

5. 5 5

After that investigators scanned the motifs by using input

device A-4 size flat bed scanner with their corresponding

motifs numbers.


Motif No. 1

Motif No. 2

Motif No. 3

Motif No. 4

Motif No. 5

Motif No. 6

Motif No. 7

Motif No. 8

Motif No. 9

Motif No. 10

Fig. 1: Paper cutting motifs with its sub-part

DESIGNING OF RUGS WITH PAPER FOLDING & CUTTING MOTIFS USING SCREEN PRINTING


Selection of colours:

For selection of colours for rugs designing colour

forcast for fall/winter 2011/12 was referred. Ten colour

combinations were made following the colour forecast.

These colour combination were evaluated by ten experts

from the Faculty of Clothing and Textiles, Govt. Home

Science College who had the knowledge of textile

designing for the selection of one best combination.

Development of 30 rug designs:

Using the paper folding and cutting motifs, 30

designs were made with the help of computer software

Coral Draw and Adobe Photoshop. The selected motifs

were made with paper by using paper folding and cutting

techniques and then scanned and saved on the

computer’s hard disk with their corresponding motifs

number.

This involved the following main steps:

A total of 30 base designs of rugs were created (in

selected colour combination) using checks and plaids in

different ways with the help of computer software Coral

Draw.

Fig. 2: Selection of colour combination on the basis of ranks given by judges

Colour forecast for Fall/Winter 2011-2012 Colour combinations according to colour forecast for the

selection of colours for Rugs designing

– The base design made on coral drawn was exported

by clicking on file to open in Photoshop.

– Then the scanned motifs and base image was opened

in Photoshop. From the scanned motifs, the required

area of the motif was selected by using the magic

tool and coloured with the help of colour bucket. By

using move tools, it was transferred on to the base

design.

– Sizes of the motifs were adjusted according to the

base design sub part of the cutout design and more

than two cutout designs were used. The created

designs were saved in new file. 30 designs were

created by combining the base design and scanned

motifs.

Evaluation of design:

The 30 rug designs were then evaluated by a panel

of judges who had the knowledge of textile designing to

select the best design.

Results of colour-fastness:

The pretesting of the sample to check colour fastness

to washing and crocking was done in laboratory. The

degree of color change and staining were evaluated

against grey scale. The printed samples showed good

result during washing and dry crocking but poor fastness

(in staining) during wet crocking.

Costing of the printed rug:

Before checking the marketability of the printed rug,

the cost of the rug was estimated, after adding costs of

cotton yarn, printed material and labour charges, the

estimated cost of printed rug was Rs.295/-

Table 5: Costing of the printed Rug

Sr.

No. Particulars Cost in rupees

1. Dyed cotton yarns required for one

rug of size 3 feet x 5 feet (1800gm)

180

2. Printed material required for one rug

of size 3 feet x 5 feet (binder, fixer,

emulsifier etc.)

50

3. Labour charges 65

Total 295



Market acceptability of printed rug:

A market survey was conducted to see the market

acceptability of the printed rug. The designing of printed

rug was greatly appreciated by all the shopkeepers.

They found printed rug unique and good in quality.

According to the majority of the shopkeepers, the

quoted price was reasonable and they found it perfect

for selling.

Conclusion:

Man is inherently creative and seeks means to

express it in his day-to-day life. Thus, all items of use

become medium of expression for his creativity. In today’s

world it is not only the fabric that spells elegance but

design or motifs also counts. The design is of basic

importance in any human expression and material

production as it is the design that gives identity to an object.

Keeping the requirement of present consumers in mind,

the designers of today are putting their talents to use, by

offering a wide range of design from different sources

such as nature, civilizations, architecture, sculpture etc.

In the long run to meet the ever increasing demand

of people, many new techniques and methods in printing

are emerging in the world of textile. This rich treasure

will give new shape to the textile handicraft art by

making society aware of the rich heritage of our old

civilization.

Hence, to conclude, the execution of this study

revealed that the charm of paper cutting motifs has

unfolded several possibilities, paving the way to the

discovery of wide range of designs. And the application

of screen printing has provided a new look to the

ornamentation of textiles.

Significance:

The study therefore reflects the fact that the real

art and craft knows no confirmed bound. Art and craft

always confront man with concrete facts taken from life.

It is an ideal depiction of certain phenomenon from the

real world.

So, there is sufficient scope to prepare printed rugs

at a commercial scale and sell them in the market after

adding reasonable profit.

Authors’ affiliations:

HEMA BISHT, Department of Clothing and Textiles, Govt.

Home Science College, CHANDIGARH (U.T.) INDIA

REFERENCESHatanaka, K. (1993). Textile art of India. Kyoto Shoin Co., Ltd.

323 pp.Fig. 3: Rug designs

DESIGNING OF RUGS WITH PAPER FOLDING & CUTTING MOTIFS USING SCREEN PRINTING


Mehta, R.J. (1960). Handicraft and industrial arts of India.

D.B Taraporevala Sons and Co. Private Ltd.

Shivani (2008). Designing of dinning sheets using foil printing

inspired from Persian motifs. Master’s Thesis, Punjab

University, CHANDIGARH, U.T. (India).

WEBLIOGRAPHYhttp://www.area-rug-tips.com/history-of-rugs.html

*** *********** ***


Designing of rugs with paper folding and cutting motifs ... · shapes and create designs for ladies...

Documents

Transcript of Designing of rugs with paper folding and cutting motifs ... · shapes and create designs for ladies...