Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK...

55
Design Thinking – Part 1: Theory July 2019 MBI – GP Strategies Company Confidential

Transcript of Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK...

Page 1: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Design Thinking – Part 1: Theory

July 2019MBI – GP Strategies Company Confidential

Page 2: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

2

Keith Keating20 years in Learning & DevelopmentGlobal Learning Strategies

- Problem SolverDesign Thinking PractitionerLived in 7 countriesCurrently lives between Toronto & Detroit, MI

Page 3: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

AgendaOverviewDesign Thinking in PracticeValue of Design ThinkingSkill BuildingQ&A 1Understanding the PhasesOther ResourcesQ&A 2

Page 4: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

How does one company go from controlling 50% of the world’s smartphone market to less than 1%?

Page 5: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

“We believed we knew better what customers needed than they did.“

- Blackberry Executive

“We focus on People’s needs and desires, rather than onlythe needs of the business.“

- Steve Jobs

Page 6: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

What is Design Thinking?

Leads to human-centered

products, services, and internal processes

Unlocks needs and problems, even when the

users don’t know what they are

Set of principles for creative problem-

solving

Set of principles for creative problem-

solvingA FOCUS ON PEOPLE

Page 7: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Voice of the Customer

Page 8: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

5 Stages of Design Thinking

EMPATHIZE

DEFINE

IDEATE

PROTOTYPE

TEST

Learn About the Audience

Define Problem Statements

Brainstorm & Create Solutions

Build Representations of One or More Ideas

Test Ideas and Gain User Feedback

Page 9: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

A Nonlinear ProcessDesign Thinking

EMPATHIZE

DEFINE

IDEATE

PROTOTYPE

TEST

Page 10: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

EMPATHIZE

DEFINE

IDEATE

PROTOTYPE

TEST

Page 11: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

The Whole is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts

11

Page 12: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

EMPATHIZE

DEFINE

IDEATE

PROTOTYPE

TEST

Page 13: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Problem-Solving vs. Problem-Finding

DESIGN THINKING

LEAN SIX SIGMA

AGILE PDCA (plan, do, check, act)

Problem-Findingdoing the right thing

Problem-Solvingdoing the thing right

Page 14: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Design Thinking vs. Other MethodologiesLEAN SIX SIGMA

( D M A I C )DESIGN THINKING PDCA CYCLE

Empathy (Understand)

Define Define

PlanMeasure(Not much focus on Data Analysis)

Analyze

Improve Ideate and Prototype Do

Control TestCheck

Act

Page 15: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Design Thinking – is it a Trend?

Page 16: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

How Do I Know When to Apply Design Thinking?

Design Thinking may be the answer if…

The problem is human-centered

You don’t clearly understand the problem or have alignment

The problem is fairly complex

You need fresh ideas or a fresh approach

Page 17: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Who Can Use Design Thinking?

Anyone and

EveryoneAny

IndustryAny

Line of Business

Page 18: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

• Airbnb founders attribute their initial success to Design Thinking, enabling them to uncover what customers actually want on the site.

• Airbnb has changed the Chief HR Officer function into the Chief Employee Experience Officer function, recognizing that "experience" is the essence of a workplace, especially among millennials.

• LinkedIn organized a 6-week program with 1,000 participants from LinkedIn, Facebook, Google, and other Silicon Valley companies.

• Purpose: Find solutions for specific issues around low employee engagement.

• Telstra applied Design Thinking to significantly enhance their new employee onboarding experience.

• Approach: Adopt a design-based approach to simplify and minimize information complexity and improve the efficacy of its onboarding experience.

Design Thinking in Practice

Page 19: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Keep the Change

CHALLENGEFind ways to

help customers save money

SOLUTIONKeep the Change:

Round up on every purchase and

automatically put it into a savings

account

VALUE12.3 million

customers have enrolled, saving a total of more than 2 billion dollars.

60% of new customers enroll in

the program

Page 20: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

CHALLENGEReduce formal classroom training, currently at 26.75

hours of content

SOLUTIONCreate a multi-modality

solution including a digitalized approach,

offering more performance support/digital resources for the salesperson before and

after the class

VALUESignificant cost savings

38% reduction in class time:- 700 hotel nights- 700 days away from

selling

How Might We Reduce Formal Classroom Training Time

Global Technology Company

Page 21: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

CHALLENGEWith 80% WBT and 15% ILT – is the training driving an

optimal performance improvement and learner

experience?

SOLUTIONUncovered a greater focus and emphasis needs to be

placed on soft skills, such as communication and selling

skills rather than just product. Moving towards mobile learning to provide just-in-time access through

mobile devices.

VALUERefocused learning

strategies back on the learners. More learner-

focused which will lead to improved sales & employee

retention.

How Might We Improve Our Learner Experience

Global Automotive Company

Page 22: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

General ElectricBuilding a Better MR Scanner

Page 23: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

General ElectricBuilding a Better MR Scanner

80% Child Sedation

Rate

Page 24: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

General ElectricBuilding a Better MR Scanner

<8% Child Sedation

Rate

Page 25: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Value of Design Thinking

Transforms us from “order takers” to Trusted Advisors

Reframes business problems

Drives innovation and creative problem-solving

Anyone can adopt

Puts people first

Page 26: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Why Aren’t We Using It More?

The name

One-time event vs. culture change

Stops at theory (I get it. I read an article.)

Takes practice

Risky, disruptive to process, many unknowns

Page 27: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

-

Page 28: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

5 L&D Design Thinking ApplicationsHow Might We…

Create a culture to empower creativity, collaboration, and innovation

Improve the employee experience and engagement

Redesign the employee reward system in a way that is meaningful to employees

Attract and retain new talent

Improve the learner experience

Page 29: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

3 Skill-Building Ideas

Reimagine your favorite product

Reimagine team collaboration

Reimagine a wallet

Page 30: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others
Page 31: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Design ThinkingUnderstanding the Phases

Page 32: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

EMPATHIZELearn About the Audience

Page 33: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

EmpathyCapacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing

Uncovers Voice of the Customer

Removes Bias

Page 34: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Human Nature is Already Working Against Empathy

Confirmation Bias• Looking for validation

of beliefs you already hold

False Consensus Effect• Believing what you

believe is what most others believe

• "Filling in the wholes" in conversation with your assumptions

Page 35: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Empathy3 Approaches

LOOKObservation

2TRY

Immersion

1ASK

Engagement

3

Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Figuratively wear many hats. Try to experience the same as your customer does. Uncover

hurdles, pains, inconveniences, etc.

Observe what people doFrom a distance, try to capture insights about your customer. Stay unobtrusive and almost invisible for the sake of spotting when the

problem occurs.

Capture what people say they do

Only one rule applies:Engagement should take place in the real

environment.

Page 36: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

EmpathyGuiding Principles

Don’tJudge

QuestionEverything

Be TrulyCurious

FindPatterns

ReallyListen

Assume a beginner’s mindset

Page 37: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Mechanics of an Empathy Interview

• Not a focus group• Consist of one end‐user, one interviewer, and one note‐taker• Preferably in person to capture body language and nuances• Open ended, non‐leading, and probing questions

Page 38: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others
Page 39: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

EmpathyPreparing for the Interview – Best Practices

Brainstorm Questions

Identify & Order Themes

Refine Questions

Create Interview Protocol

Page 40: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Pay Attention to Nonverbal Cues

Don’t Be Afraid of Silence

Ask Questions Neutrally and Don’t Suggest

Answers

Use Unpacking Questions

Take Copious Notes

Ask to Understand, Not Validate

Encourage Stories and

Follow Tangents

Avoid “Yes or No” Questions

EmpathyDuring the Interview - Best Practices

Page 41: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

”Unpacking” Questions• Why do you say that?• Why? (even if you think you already know)• Tell me more about that.• What were you thinking when you did that?• Can you walk me through what led you to that 

decision?• How did you feel about that?• What did you think about that?• Could you tell me about why that is important to you?• It sounds like there's a story to that response, can you 

tell me more about it?

Page 42: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

DEFINEDefine Problem

Statements

Page 43: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

DefineClarify your point of view

How Might We…How Might We…

Record your insights and pinpoint the need.

Reframe it so it’s meaningful and actionable. (It’ll drive your design.)

FELT

DIDSAID

THOUGHT

Page 44: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

IDEATEBrainstorm &

Create Solutions

Page 45: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

IdeateThe Art of Possible

“It’s not about coming up with the ‘right’ idea, it’s about generating the broadest range of possibilities.”*

FocusFocus

Flair

*Stanford d.School

Page 46: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

PROTOTYPEBuild Representations of One or More Ideas

Page 47: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

PrototypeBuild Representation of Your Ideas

Low-Fidelity Prototypes

High-FidelityPrototypes

Page 48: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

TESTTest Ideas and Gain

User Feedback

Page 49: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

TestPrototype as if you know you’re right, but test as if you know you’re wrong

Refine Your Prototypes and

Solutions

Test and Refine Your

Point of View

Create Authentic Experiences for

Users to Test Your Prototypes

Page 50: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Lessons LearnedFinal Thoughts

Design Thinking initiatives are quick

Create a place to continue fostering Design Thinking

Design Thinking is not a solution for every problem End-users are first

Page 51: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Additional Resources

Design Thinking Success Storieshttps://theaccidentaldesignthinker.com/2017/09/16/40-design-thinking-success-stories/

Solving Problems w/Design Thinking – 10 Stories: Jeanne Liedtkahttps://www.amazon.com/Solving-Problems-Design-Thinking-

Publishing/dp/0231163568/ref=sr_1_3?keywords=10+design+thinking+stories&qid=1556314810&s=gateway&sr=8-3

GP Strategies Free Resource Pagehttps://www.gpstrategies.com/design‐thinking‐process/

IBM’s Online MOOChttps://www.ibm.com/design/thinking /

Page 52: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Design Thinking – Part 2: ApplicationThurs - July 18th, 2019 11am – 12pm BST

Page 53: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others
Page 54: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

gpstrategies.com

© 2018 GP Strategies Corporation. All rights reserved. GP Strategies, GP Strategies and logo design, Academy of Training, Asentus, B2B Engage, Bath Consultancy Group, Beneast Training, BlessingWhite, CLS Performance Solutions, Clutterbuck Associates,Communication Consulting, Effective-People, Emantras, Future Perfect, GP Sandy, Hula Partners, IC Axon, Information Horizons, Jencal Training, Lorien Engineering Solutions, Marton House, Maverick Solutions, McKinney Rogers, Milsom, Option Six, PCS,PerformTech, PMC, Prospero Learning Solutions, Rovsing Dynamics, RWD, Smallpeice Enterprises, Ultra Training, Via Training, YouTrain, EtaPRO, GPCALCS, GPiLEARN, GPiLEARN+, GPSteam, and VirtualPlant are trademarks or registered trademarks of GPStrategies Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. All other trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Proprietary to GP Strategies Corporation

We’re social, chat with us!@gpcorp gpstrategies blog.gpstrategies.com gp-strategies-corporation GPStrategiesCorp [email protected]

We’re at our best when helping our clients achieve their best.

Making a meaningful impact on the world together.

Keith KeatingSenior Director, Global Learning [email protected]

54

Page 55: Design Thinking –Part 1: Theory - GP Strategies Corporation · Empathy 3 Approaches LOOK Observation 2 TRY Immersion 1 ASK Engagement 3 Immerse yourself in the experience of others

Thank You!