Design Operation of Uasb Reactor
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Transcript of Design Operation of Uasb Reactor
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7/23/2019 Design Operation of Uasb Reactor
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9 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
CEPRJ@\GPJE
Ieilrjbcg prlipalep cw ejt blgjaced i vjv|hir prlipalep
alpmj` njr ce`|wprcih tiwpltiplr( blgi|wl jn cpwlnnlgpc~lelww ce prlipced mcdm wprledpm tiwpltiplr ie`
blgi|wl jn cpw lgjejacg i`~iepidlw%
@l~lhjvl` ce pml Elpmlrhie`w ce pml hipl wl~lepclw -934>!
93=6# bs Vrjn% Dip{l Hlppcedi ! Tidlecedle \ec~lrwcps(\IWB -\vnhjt Ieilrjbcg Wh|`dl Bl`# rligpjr tiw
jrcdceihhs |wl` njr prlipced tiwpltiplr nrja w|dir
rlnceced( brltlrclw ie` bl~lridl ce`|wprs( `cwpchhlrclw ie`
nlralepipcje ce`|wprs( njj` ce`|wprs( v|hv ie` vivlr
ce`|wprs%
Ce rlglep pcalw pml ivvhcgipcjew njr pmcw plgmejhjds irl
l}vie`ced pj cegh|`l prlipalep jn gmlacgih ie`
vlprjgmlacgih ce`|wprs lnnh|lepw( pl}pchl ce`|wprs
tiwpltiplr( hie`nchh hligmiplw( iw tlhh iw ivvhcgipcjew
`crlgpl` ip gje~lrwcjew ce pml w|hn|r gsghl ie` rlaj~ih jn
alpihw% N|rpmlrajrl( ce tira ghcaiplw pml \IWB gjeglvp
cw ihwj w|cpibhl njr prlipalep jn `jalwpcg tiwpltiplr%
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2 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ce rlglep slirw( pml e|ablr jn ieilrjbcg rligpjrw ce pml
tjrh` cw cegrliwced rivc`hs ie` ibj|p 42, gjewcwp jn
rligpjrw biwl` je pml \IWB ie` LDWB plgmejhjdclw%
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7 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ncd|rl 9% Lwwlepcih Gjavjelepw jn ie \IWB Rligpjr
\IWB;
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0 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ieilrjbcg drie|hir wh|`dl bl` plgmejhjds rlnlrw pj i
wvlgcih oce` jn rligpjr gjeglvp njr pml "mcdm ripl"
ieilrjbcg prlipalep jn tiwpltiplr% Pml gjeglvp tiw
cecpcipl` tcpm |vtir`!nhjt ieilrjbcg wh|`dl bhieolp
-\IWB# rligpjr% % Nrja i mir`tirl vlrwvlgpc~l( i \IWB
rligpjr cw ip ncrwp ivvliriegl ejpmced ajrl pmie ie lavps
pieo -pm|w ie l}prlalhs wcavhl ie` cel}vlewc~l `lwcde#%
Tiwpltiplr cw `cwprcb|pl` cepj pml pieo ip ivvrjvrciplhs
wvigl` cehlpw% Pml tiwpltiplr viwwlw |vtir`w pmrj|dm ie
ieilrjbcg wh|`dl bl` tmlrl pml acgrjjrdiecwaw ce pml
wh|`dl gjal cepj gjepigp tcpm tiwpltiplr!w|bwpriplw% Pml
wh|`dl bl` cw gjavjwl` jn acgrjjrdiecwaw pmip eip|rihhs
njra drie|hlw -vlhhlpw# jn 6%< pj 2 aa `cialplr pmip mi~l
i mcdm wl`calepipcje ~lhjgcps ie` pm|w rlwcwp tiwm!j|p
nrja pml wswpla l~le ip mcdm ms`ri|hcg hji`w% Pml
rlw|hpced ieilrjbcg `ldri`ipcje vrjglww psvcgihhs cw
rlwvjewcbhl njr pml vrj`|gpcje jn diw -l%d% bcjdiw
gjepiceced GM0 ie` GJ2#% Pml |vtir` ajpcje jn rlhliwl`
diw b|bbhlw gi|wlw ms`ri|hcg p|rb|hlegl pmip vrj~c`lw
rligpjr ac}ced tcpmj|p ies algmiecgih virpw% Ip pml pjv
jn pml rligpjr( pml tiplr vmiwl cw wlviripl` nrja wh|`dl
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< IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
wjhc`w ie` diw ce i pmrll!vmiwl wlviripjr -ihwj oejte pml
diw!hcy|c`!wjhc`w wlviripjr#% Pml pmrll!vmiwl!wlviripjr cw
gjaajehs i diw giv tcpm i wlpphlr wcp|ipl` ibj~l cp%
Blhjt pml jvleced jn pml diw giv( binnhlw irl |wl` pj
`lnhlgp diw pj pml diw!giv jvleced%
Brcln Mcwpjrs \IWB;
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> IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pml \IWB vrjglww tiw `l~lhjvl` bs @r% Dip{l
Hlppcedi# ie` gjhhlid|lw ce pml hipl 9346$w ip pml
Tidlecedle \ec~lrwcps -Pml Elpmlrhie`w#% Cewvcrl` bs
v|bhcgipcjew jn @r( Vlrrs AgGirps -nrja Wpienjr`( \WI#(
Hlppcedi$w plia tiw l}vlrcalepced tcpm ie ieilrjbcg
nchplr gjeglvp% Pml ieilrjbcg nchplr -IN# cw i mcdm ripl
ieilrjbcg rligpjr ce tmcgm bcjaiww cw caajbchc{l` je ie
celrp vjrj|w w|vvjrp aiplrcih% @|rced l}vlrcalepw tcpm
pml IN( Hlppcedi mi` jbwlr~l` pmip ce i``cpcje pj bcjaiww
ippigml` je pml w|vvjrp aiplrcih( i hirdl vrjvjrpcje jn pml
bcjaiww `l~lhjvl` cepj nrll drie|hir iddrldiplw% Pml
\IWB gjeglvp grswpihhc{l` `|rced i prcv Dip{l Hlppcedi
ai`l pj Wj|pm Inrcgi( tmlrl ml jbwlr~l` ip ie ieilrjbcg
vhiep prlipced tcel ~ceiwwl( pmip wh|`dl tiw `l~lhjvced
cepj gjavigp drie|hlw% Pml rligpjr `lwcde jn pml vhiep ml
tiw ~cwcpced tiw i "ghircdlwpjr"( tmcgm gie bl ~cltl` iw
ie ieglwpjr pj pml \IWB% Pml |vvlr virp jn pml
"ghircdlwpjr" rligpjr `lwcde miw i ghircnclr b|p ej diw giv
Bcrpm jn \IWB;
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4 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pml \IWB gjeglvp tiw bjre j|p jn pml rlgjdecpcje pmip
celrp w|vvjrp aiplrcih njr bcjaiww ippigmalep tiw ejp
elglwwirs pj rlpice mcdm hl~lhw jn igpc~l wh|`dl ce pml
rligpjr% Cewpli` pml \IWB gjeglvp rlhclw je mcdm hl~lhw jn
bcjaiww rlplepcje pmrj|dm pml njraipcje jn wh|`dl
drie|hlw% Tmle pml \IWB gjeglvp tiw `l~lhjvl`(
Hlppcedi pjjo cepj iggj|ep pml ell` pj legj|ridl pml
igg|a|hipcje jn drie|hir wh|`dl ie` `cwgj|ridl pml
igg|a|hipcje jn `cwvlrwl wh|`dl ce pml rligpjr% Pml aice
nlip|rlw njr igmcl~ced drie|hir wh|`dl `l~lhjvalep irl
ncrwphs pj aicepice ie |vtir`!nhjt rldcal ce pml rligpjr
wlhlgpced njr acgrjjrdiecwaw pmip iddrldipl ie` wlgje`hs
pj vrj~c`l njr i`ly|ipl wlviripcje jn wjhc`w( hcy|c` ie`
diw( vrl~lepced tiwmj|p jn wh|`dl drie|hlw%
Ncrwp \IWB;
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= IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pml \IWB rligpjr gjeglvp tiw rivc`hs `l~lhjvl` cepj
plgmejhjds( pml ncrwp vchjp vhiep tiw cewpihhl` ip i bllp
w|dir rlncelrs ce Pml Elpmlrhie`w -GWA w|colr#%
Pmlrlinplr i hirdl e|ablr jn n|hh!wgihl vhiepw tlrl
cewpihhl` pmrj|dmj|p pml Elpmlrhie`w ip w|dir rlncelrclw(
vjpipj wpirgm vrjglwwced vhiepw( ie` jpmlr njj` ce`|wprclw
iw tlhh iw rlgsghl vivlr vhiepw% Pml ncrwp v|bhcgipcjew je
pml \IWB `lwcde gjeglvp ivvlirl` ce @|pgm hied|idl
plgmecgih kj|reihw ce pml hipl 9346$w ie` pml ncrwp
ceplreipcjeih v|bhcgipcje ivvlirl` ce 93=6 %
I`~iepidlw jn pml \IWB rligpjr;
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3 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Aj`|hir wswpla
Tjrh`tc`l i~ichibchcps
Gjrrjwcje nrll `lwcde
Ple slirw d|iriepll
N|hhs igglwwcbhl njr cewvlgpcje ie` ghlieced
Ghjwl` wswpla
Ej j`j|r lacwwcje
Hcacpl` rligpjr mlcdmp
Gmiriwplrcwpcgw jn pml \IWB;
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96 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pml \IWB `lwcde cw i aj`|hir wswpla pmip ihhjtw njr i
pichjr ai`l ivvrjigm pj w|cp ligm vrjglww `lwcde ie` hjgih
gcrg|awpieglw% Pml vrlnibrcgipl` pmrll vmiwl wlviripjr ce
pml pjv jn pml rligpjr cw `lwcdel` jn wsepmlpcg aiplrcih ie`
~crp|ihhs |einnlgpl` bs ieilrjbcg gje~lepcjew% Pmcw
lew|rlw ie l}ple`l` hcnl wvie gjavirl` pj gje~lepcjeih
wpllh `lwcdew% Pml gjavigp wlpphlr aj`|hl miw l}glhhlep
ibchcpclw pj wlviripl diw( tiplr ie` drie|hir wh|`dl
lnncgclephs |e`lr ~ircj|w gje`cpcjew%
Ieilrjbcg Vrjglwwlw ce pml \IWB Rligpjr;
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99 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pmlrl irl 0 vmiwlw jn ieilrjbcg `cdlwpcje ce ie \IWB
rligpjr
Ms`rjhswcw( tmlrl le{salw l}grlpl` bs nlralepipc~lbigplrci gje~lrp gjavhl}( mli~s( |e!`cwwjh~l`
aiplrcihw -vrjplcew( girbjms`riplw( nipw# cepj hlww
gjavhl}( hcdmplr( aiplrcihw -iacej igc`w( w|dirw(
ihgjmjhw%%%#%
Igc`jdlelwcw( tmlrl `cwwjh~l` gjavj|e`w irl
gje~lrpl` cepj wcavhl gjavj|e`w( -~jhipchl nipps!
igc`w( ihgjmjhw( higpcg igc`( GJ2( M2( EM7( M2W # ie`
elt glhh!aipplr%
Iglpjdlelwcw( tmlrl `cdlwpcje vrj`|gpw irl gje~lrpl`cepj iglpipl( M2( GJ2 ie` elt glhh!aipplr%
Alpmiejdlelwcw( tmlrl iglpipl( ms`rjdle vh|w
girbjeipl( njraipl jr alpmiejh irl gje~lrpl` cepj
GM0( GJ2 ie` elt glhh!aipplr%
Wvlgcncgw jn pml \IWB Rligpjr;
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92 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Tmle gjavirced tcpm jpmlr ieilrjbcg rligpjrw( tl
gjegh|`l pmip pml `cnnlrleglw iw tlhh iw pml wvlgcncgw jn ie
\IWB irl l}cwplegl jn drie|hlw wh|`dl ie` ceplreih pmrll!
vmiwl DWH `l~cgl -diw*wh|`dl*hcy|c` wlviripjr wswpla#
Drie|hlw wh|`dl;
Ce ie \IWB rligpjr( ieilrjbcg wh|`dl miw jr igy|crlw
djj` wl`calepipcje vrjvlrpclw( ie` cw algmiecgihhs ac}l`bs pml |v!nhjt njrglw jn pml cegjaced tiwpltiplr ie` pml
diw b|bbhlw blced dlelripl` ce pml
Rligpjr;
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97 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Njr pmip rliwje algmiecgih ac}ced gie bl jacppl` nrja
ie \IWB rligpjr pm|w rl`|gced givcpih ie` aicepleiegl
gjwpw% Pmcw ac}ced vrjglww ihwj legj|ridlw pml njraipcje
jn wh|`dl
drie|hlw%
Ncd|rl 2%
Wmivl ie`
wc{l jn drie|hlw
wh|`dl
Pml wh|`dl drie|hlw mi~l aies i`~iepidlw j~lr
gje~lepcjeih wh|`dl nhjgw;
@lewl gjavigp bcj!ncha
Mcdm wlpphl!ibchcps -76!=6 a*m#
Mcdm algmiecgih wprledpm
Bihiegl` acgrjbcih gjaa|ecps
Wseprjvmcg virpelrw ghjwlhs iwwjgcipl`
Mcdm alpmiejdlecg igpc~cps -6%< pj 2%6 d GJ@*d
^WW%`#
Rlwcwpiegl pj pj}cg wmjgo
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90 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ceplreih pmrll!vmiwl DWH l~cgl; Cewpihhl` ip pml pjv jn
pml pieo( pml DWH `l~cgl gjewpcp|plw ie lwwlepcih virp jn
ie \IWB rligpjr tcpm njhhjtced n|egpcjew;
Pj gjhhlgp( wlviripl ie` `cwgmirdl pml bcjdiw njral`%
Pj rl`|gl hcy|c` p|rb|hleglw( rlw|hpced nrja pml diw
vrj`|gpcje( ce pml wlpphced gjavirpalep%
Pj ihhjt wh|`dl virpcghlw pj wlviripl bs
wl`calepipcje( nhjgg|hipcje jr leprivalep ce pml
wh|`dl bhieolp%
Pj hcacp l}viewcje jn pml wh|`dl bl` ce pml `cdlwplr
gjavirpalep%
Pj rl`|gl jr vrl~lep pml girrs!j~lr jn wh|`dlvirpcghlw nrja pml wswpla%
\IWB Vrjglww
\vnhjt Ieilrjbcg Wh|`dl Bhieolp -\IWB# rligpjr miw
blle w|gglwwn|hhs |wl` pj prlip ~irclps jn ce`|wprcih iw tlhh
iw `jalwpcg tiwpltiplrw% Pml \IWB rligpjr gie bl
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9< IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
brclnhs `lwgrcbl` iw i wswpla ce tmcgm w|bwpripl viwwlw
ncrwp pmrj|dm ie l}vie`l` wh|`dl bl` gjepiceced i mcdm
gjeglepripcje jn bcjaiww% Pml wh|`dl ce pml rligpjr ais
l}cwp ce drie|hir jr nhjgg|hlep njra( b|p pml drie|hir
wh|`dl jnnlrw i`~iepidlw j~lr nhjgg|hlep wh|`dl% Ajwp jn
pml w|bwpripl rlaj~ih piolw vhigl ce wh|`dl bl`% Pml
rlaiceced vjrpcje jn pml w|bwpripl viwwlw pmrj|dm i hlww
`lewl bcjaiww( gihhl` pml wh|`dl bhieolp%
Vrj~cwcje jn w|nncgclep ~jh|al jn wh|`dl bhieolp cw
elglwwirs ibj~l pml wh|`dl bl`( tmcgm tchh vrj~c`l
n|rpmlr prlipalep pj pml tiwpltiplr bsl!viwwl` nrja pml
wh|`dl bl` `|l pj gmieelhced( ie` tchh mlhv ce
aicepiceced wpibhl lnnh|lep y|ihcps% Ibj~l wh|`dl bhieolp
pml rligpjr miw i pmrll!vmiwl wlviripjr( Diw!Hcy|c`!Wjhc`
-DHW#( tmcgm wlviriplw pml wjhc` virpcghlw nrja pml hcy|c`
ie` diw( ihhjtced hcy|c` ie` diw pj hli~l pml wswpla%
Vrjvlr `lwcde jn pmcw `l~cgl cw elglwwirs pj rlpice
ai}ca|a wh|`dl ce pml rligpjr pj inncra mcdm Wjhc`
Rlplepcje Pcal -WRP#( ibj|p
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9> IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pcal -MRP#% Ce dlelrih( pml wh|`dl bl` jgg|vclw 76 pj
>6, jn pml pjpih rligpjr ~jh|al( 26 pj 76, jn pml pjpih
~jh|al cw vrj~c`l` njr wh|`dl bhieolp ie` DHW wlviripjr
jgg|vclw rlaiceced 9< pj 76, jn pml pjpih ~jh|al%
Pml `lwcde jn pml \IWB rligpjr cw girrcl` j|p pioced ce pj
gjewc`lripcje pml ivvhcgibhl hji`ced riplw( w|gm iw(
ms`ri|hcg hji`ced ripl gjewc`lrced hcacpipcjew jn
w|vlrncgcih hcy|c` |vnhjt ~lhjgcps ie` Jrdiecg Hji`ced
Ripl -JHR#% Pml rligpjr ~jh|al cw tjrol` j|p pj w|cp
`lwcrl` riedl jn hji`ced( ie` mlcdmp ie` vhie irli irl
nceihcwl` gjewc`lrced |vnhjt ~lhjgcps% Tcpm pmcw ivvrjigm
ce `lwcde( cp ais ejp bl ihtisw vjwwcbhl pj iggjaaj`ipl
pml `lwcrl` riedl jn Wh|`dl Hji`ced Ripl -WHR# `|l pj
hcacpipcje jn wh|`dl bl` ~jh|al% Ihwj( cp ais ejp bl
ihtisw vjwwcbhl pj iggjaaj`ipl pml DHW wlviripjr
`l~cgl( tcpm `calewcjew rly|crl` njr vrj~c`ced w|nncgclep
irli njr diw!tiplr ceplrnigl( njr wlpphced( ie` njr ivlrp|rl
ip pml bjppja jn DHW `l~cgl pj i~jc` l}glwwc~l hcy|c`
cehlp ~lhjgcpclw ce pml wlpphlr% Pml wgmlaipcg `cidria jn
\IWB rligpjr cw vrlwlepl` ce Ncd|rl 2%
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94 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ncd|rl 2% Wgmlaipcg `cidria jn \IWB rligpjr
\e`lr glrpice wcp|ipcje l%d%( njr hjt GJ@ gjeglepripcje
jn pml tiwpltiplr -ibj|p
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9= IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
\IWB @lwcde gihg|hipcje;
Ce dlelrih( pmlrl irl ptj tisw pj `lwcde ie \IWBrligpjr
Cn cev|p GJ@;
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93 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
tiwpltiplr
M -a# pml mlcdmp jn pieo gie bl gihg|hipl` bs; M 1 MW /MWl
Pml mlcdmp jn wh|`dl hislr Mw cw; Mw 1 ^ + MRP
tmlrl Mw; pml mlcdmp jn wh|`dl hislr irli -aice rligpjr#
ie` Mwl; pml mlcdmp jn wl`calepipcje irliTmlrl ^ 1
^lhjgcps jn nhjt 6%> pj 6%3 a*mMRP 1 Ms`ri|hcg
rlplepcje pcal -m#
Ce dlelrih( pml mlcdmp jn wh|`dl hislr tchh bl gmjwle ce
Pibhl 9;
Pibhl 9% Wh|`dl Hislr Mlcdmp Wlhlgpcje GJ@ cev|p
Wh|`dl hislr mlcdmp 85 7666 ad*h
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26 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ncd|rl 7% I psvcgih aj`lh jn ie \IWB `lwcde
Gihg|hipced ie \IWB Pieo Biwl` je ^lhjgcps
Tmle cev|p GJ@ 8
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29 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
1 7< a Pml mlcdmp jn wlppced irli MWl 9%2 a Pml
~jh|al jn pml \IWB rligpjr; T 1 Y } MRPPml irli jn
pml \IWB rligpjr; I 1 ^ * Y%
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22 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
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27 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
@lwcde Vrjgl`|rl Njr \IWB Rligpjr;
Pml \IWB rligpjr gie bl `lwcdel` iw gcrg|hir jr
rlgpied|hir% Aj`|hir `lwcde gie bl vrlnlrrl` tmle pml~jh|al jn rligpjr l}gll`w ibj|p 066 a7% Cp cw elglwwirs
pj wlhlgp vrjvlr riedl jn jvlripced virialplrw njr `lwcde(
w|gm iw( JHR( WHR( w|vlrncgcih hcy|c` |vnhjt ~lhjgcps
-rlnlrrl` iw hcy|c` |vnhjt ~lhjgcps#( ie` MRP% Pml
hcplrip|rl rlgjaale`ipcjew njr ihh pmlwl virialplrw ie`
`lwcde vrjgl`|rl pj iggj|ep pmlwl rlgjaale`ipcjew irl
dc~le blhjt%
Jrdiecg Gjeglepripcje ie` Hji`ced;
Njr GJ@ gjeglepripcje ce pml riedl 2 pj < d*H( pml
vlrnjraiegl jn pml rligpjr `lvle`w |vje pml hji`ced ripl
ie` cw ce`lvle`lep jn cenh|lep w|bwpripl gjeglepripcje%
Njr GJ@ gjeglepripcje drliplr pmie < d*H( cp cw
rlgjaale`l` pj `ch|pl pml tiwpltiplr pj ibj|p 2 d GJ@*
H `|rced vrcairs wpirp!|v jn pml rligpjr% Jegl( pml
vrcairs wpirp!|v jn pml rligpjr cw j~lr tcpm drie|hipcje jn
wh|`dl( hji`ced riplw gie bl cegrliwl` ce wplvw pj brced pml
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20 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
igp|ih GJ@ gjeglepripcje jn pml tiwpltiplr% Pml hji`ced
ibj~l 9 ! 2 od GJ@* a7%` cw lwwlepcih njr vrjvlr
n|egpcjeced jn pml rligpjr%
Njr vrcairs wpirp!|v pml jvpcaih hji`ced riplw njr dlppced
mcdm GJ@ rlaj~ih lnncgclegs -ibj|p 36,# tcpmce wmjrp
wpirp!|v pcal( gj|vhl` tcpm dlelripcje jn djj` y|ihcps
drie|hir wh|`dl( irl JHR blptlle 2%6 ie` 7%> od GJ@*
a7%` ie` WHR blptlle 6%9< ie` 6%2< od GJ@* od
^WW%`% Pml JHR pj bl |wl` njr `lwcde jn \IWB rligpjr
njr `cnnlrlep plavlrip|rl cw vrj~c`l` bs Hlppcedi ie`
M|hwmjnn% Ce dlelrih( njr plavlrip|rl blptlle 9< ie` 7 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pibhl 9% Rlgjaale`l` hji`ced riedl njr `lwcde jn
\IWB rligpjr
biwl` je GJ@ gjeglepripcje ip i~lridl nhjt
Rligpjr jh|al;
Biwl` je pml mcdmlr w|cpibhl ~ih|l jn JHR( njr dc~leGJ@ gjeglepripcje( pml ~jh|al jn rligpjr rly|crl` cw pj
bl tjrol` j|p iw;
^jh|al 1 -Nhjt Ripl } GJ@ gjeglepripcje# * JHR
Njr pml w|cpibhl WHR ~ih|lw njr pmip GJ@ riedl -Pibhl 9#(
pml ~jh|al jn wh|`dl rly|crl` gie bl tjrol` j|p
gjewc`lrced pml i~lridl gjeglepripcje jn ^WW blptlle 2 a%
Tmchl `lwcdeced( cecpcihhs w|cpibhl mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr-ibj|p >a# gie bl gmjwle( ie` w|vlrncgcih hcy|c` |vnhjt
~lhjgcps cw pj bl tjrol` j|p iw mlcdmp* MRP% Cp cw
rlgjaale`l` pj i`jvp |vnhjt ~lhjgcps jn 6%4 a*m ip
i~lridl nhjt ie` 9%6 a*m pj 9%2a*m ip vlio nhjt%
Iggjr`cedhs( cn pml |vnhjt ~lhjgcps l}gll`w pml ai}ca|a
hcacpw mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr gie bl rl`|gl` ce wplvw |v pj
aceca|a jn 0 pj 0%< a% Cn pmcw cw ejp vjwwcbhl ce pml
ivvhcgibhl riedl jn mlcdmp( MRP wmihh bl aj`cncl` ie`
nrlwm rligpjr ~jh|al ie` JHR wmihh bl tjrol` j|p% Njr
hjt wprledpm tiwpltiplr( pml ai}ca|a hcy|c` |vnhjt
~lhjgcps blgjalw hcacpced ie` njr ~lrs mcdm wprledpm
tiwpltiplr ~lrs hjt ~lhjgcps -hlww pmie 6%9 a*m# cw
rly|crl` tmchl `lwcdeced pml \IWB rligpjr% \e`lr
glrpice wcp|ipcjew( pml rl~cwl` JHR ais bl hlww pmie pml
cecpcih JHR rlgjaale`l`% Cp cw i`~cwibhl pj ihhjt
hjtlrced jn JHR ce w|gm wcp|ipcjew pj gjeprjh |vnhjt
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76 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
~lhjgcps ce pml rligpjr njr vrjvlr vlrnjraiegl jn pml
rligpjr%
Inplr pmlwl cplripcjew njr ~jh|al ie` mlcdmp( pml vhie irligie bl tjrol` j|p ie` w|cpibhl `calewcjew jn pml rligpjr
gie bl i`jvpl`% Dlelrihhs( pml ai}ca|a `cialplr jr
wc`l hledpm jn wcedhl rligpjr wmj|h` bl olvp hlww pmie 26
a% Blnjrl nceihc{ced pml calewcjew jn pml rligpjrw( cp cw
elglwwirs pj gjewc`lr pml `calewcjew rly|crl` njr DHW
wlviripjr( blgi|wl pj iggjaaj`ipl pml DHW wlviripjr
allpced ihh rly|crlalepw( cp ais bl elglwwirs pj ihplr
mlcdmp ie` vhie irli jn pml rligpjr%
Diw!Hcy|c`!Wjhc` -DHW# Wlviripjr;
Ce jr`lr pj igmcl~l mcdmlwp vjwwcbhl wh|`dl mjh` |v |e`lr
jvlripcjeih gje`cpcjew( cp cw elglwwirs pj ly|cv pml \IWB
rligpjr tcpm i DHW wlviripjr `l~cgl% Pml aice jbklgpc~l
jn pmcw `lwcde cw pj nigchcpipl pml wh|`dl rlp|re tcpmj|p mlhv
jn ies l}plreih lelrds ie` gjeprjh `l~cgl% Pml d|c`lhcelw
njr wmivlw ie` `lwcde jn DHW wlviripjr irl dc~le bs
Hlppcedi ie` M|hwmjnn% Pml DHW wmj|h` bl `lwcdel` pj
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79 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
allp pml rly|crlalepw w|gm iw( vrj~cwcje jn lej|dm diw!
tiplr ceplrnigl cewc`l pml diw `jal( w|nncgclep wlpphced
irli j|p wc`l pml `jal pj gjeprjh w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl?
ie` w|nncgclep ivlrp|rl jvleced ip bjppja pj i~jc`
p|rb|hlegl `|l pj mcdm cehlp ~lhjgcps jn hcy|c` ce pml
wlpphlr( pj ihhjt vrjvlr rlp|re jn wjhc` bigo pj pml rligpjr%
@|l ipplepcje miw pj bl vic` pj pml dljalprs jn pml |ecp
ie` cpw ms`ri|hcgw( pj lew|rl vrjvlr tjroced jn pml DHW
wlviripjr%
@lwcde jn DHW wlviripjr;
Pml wmivl jn pml DHW `l~cgl gjewc`lrl` ce `lwcde cw
vrlwlepl` ce Ncd|rl 7% Pml diw!tiplr ceplrnigl cewc`l pml
`jal cw gjewc`lrl` ip pml `lvpm @m nrja pjv jn pml `jal%
Ce pml bldceeced( pml mlcdmp jn DHW wlviripjr gie bl
gjewc`lrl` iw 2
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72 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
a% Pml e|ablr jn `jalw rly|crl` njr dc~le `cialplr -jr
tc`pm njr rlgpied|hir rligpjr# gie bl gihg|hipl` bs
`c~c`ced tc`pm jr `cialplr bs TB( ie` rj|e`ced pmcw
e|ablr% Tmlrl( TB1Tb/Ti( ie` Ti gie bl
gjewc`lrl` iw 6%2 a cecpcihhs% Inplr `lgc`ced pml e|ablr
jn `jalw( pml nhjt ripl wmirl` bs ligm `jal( cw pj bl
lwpcaipl` ce vrjvjrpcje pj pml biwl irli jn ligm `jal(
cegh|`ced ivlrp|rl tc`pm( pj pml pjpih irli jn pml rligpjr%
Ivlrp|rl tc`pm ip bjppja jn diw `jal; Pml irli jn
ivlrp|rl -Iv# rly|crl` gie bl gjav|pl` biwl` je pml
ai}ca|a cehlp ~lhjgcps jn hcy|c` pj bl ihhjtl`% Pmcw irli
gie bl lwpcaipl` iw nhjt ripl vlr `jal njr rlgpied|hir
rligpjr -jr gleprih `jal ce giwl jn gcrg|hir# `c~c`l` bs
ai}ca|a ~lhjgcps pj bl ihhjtl`% Pml ai}ca|a cehlp
~lhjgcps jn 7 a*m cw winl njr al`c|a ie` mcdm wprledpm
tiwpltiplr ie` njr hjt wprledpm pml cehlp ~lhjgcps hlww
pmie 2%6 a*m wmj|h` bl vrlnlrrl`% Pml tc`pm jn ivlrp|rl
-Ti# cw pj bl gihg|hipl` iw ivlrp|rl irli `c~c`l` bs hledpm
-jr ce giwl jn gcrg|hir rligpjr bs `cialplr# jn pml rligpjr%
Cp cw rlgjaale`l` pj |wl aceca|a ivlrp|rl tc`pm jn 6%2
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a ie` cn pml tc`pm rly|crl` cw drliplr pmie 6%< a( pmle
cegrliwl pml e|ablr jn `jal bs jel ie` rlvlip lirhclr
wplvw pchh cp cw hlww pmie 6%< a%
Ncd|rl 7% @lpichw jn pml Diw!Hcy|c`!Wjhc` -DHW#
Wlviripjr
Tc`pm ip diw!tiplr ceplrnigl; Pml diw vrj`|gpcje
l}vlgpl` ce pml rligpjr gie bl lwpcaipl` biwl` je pml
JHR wlhlgpl` njr pml `lwcde ie` l}vlgpl` GJ@ rlaj~ih
lnncgclegs ce pml riedl 46 pj 36 vlrglep% Pml diw
vrj`|gpcje gie bl lwpcaipl` iw 6%7< a7 *od GJ@rlaj~l` ip iabclep plavlrip|rl% Nrja pmcw diw
vrj`|gpcje pml bcjdiw gjhhlgpcje vlr `jal cw pj bl tjrol`
j|p ce vrjvjrpcje tcpm vlrglepidl jn irli gj~lrl` bs pml
`jal% Pml bcjdiw hji`ced ip diw!tiplr ceplrnigl gie bl
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gihg|hipl` iw diw gjhhlgpcje vlr `jal `c~c`l` bs vrj`|gp
jn pjv tc`pm jn diw gjhhlgpjr -Tp# ie` hledpm jn pml
rligpjr -`cialplr( ce giwl jn gcrg|hir rligpjr#% Pml
hji`ced jn bcjdiw ip diw!tiplr ceplrnigl wmj|h` bl olvp
hlww pmie =6 a7 diw* a2%` -ibj|p 7 a*m#% Cecpcihhs pml pjv
tc`pm gie bl iww|al` iw 6%7 a ie` njr pmcw tc`pm cn pml
bcjdiw hji`ced cw hlww pmie 7%6 a*m pmle i`jvp 6%7 a iw pjv
tc`pm%
Cn pml bcjdiw hji`ced cw drliplr pmie 7%6 a*m( gihg|hipl pml
pjv tc`pm rly|crl`% Dlelrihhs( pjv tc`pm jn 6%7 pj 6%4 a
gie bl i`jvpl` ce `lwcde tcpm ai}ca|a jn 9%6 a% Tmle
l~le tcpm ai}ca|a pjv tc`pm( cn bcjdiw hji`ced cw
drliplr pmie 7%6 a*m rl`|gl pml mlcdmp jn DHW wlviripcje
`l~cgl pj 26, ie` rlvlip pml lirhclr wplvw jn DHW
wlviripjr `lwcde( tcpm nrlwm e|ablr jn `jalw% L~le tcpm
rl`|gpcje ce mlcdmp jn DHW wlviripjr cn pmlwl gmlgow irl
ejp wipcwnsced( vrj~c`l i``cpcjeih hislr jn diw gjhhlgpjr
`jal% Tmle ptj jr ajrl hislr jn diw gjhhlgpjrw irl |wl`
pml mlcdmp jn ligm hislr gie bl 9< pj 26, jn pml j~lrihh
rligpjr mlcdmp( tcpm aceca|a mlcdmp jn ligm hislr iw 9%2
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a ie` ai}ca|a |v pj 9%< pj 2%6 a% Pml nrlwm bcjdiw
gjhhlgpcje vlr `jal cw pj bl tjrol` j|p ie` n|rpmlr wplvw
irl rlvlipl` |epch ihh `lwcde gje`cpcjew irl wipcwncl`%
Gmlgo njr W|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl;
Pml tc`pm jn pml tiplr w|rnigl -Tw# i~ichibhl njr wlpphced
jn wjhc`w njr ligm diw `jal( ip pjv jn pml rligpjr( gie bl
gihg|hipl` iw `cnnlrlegl jn TB ie` Tp% Pmlgjrrlwvje`ced w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl cw gihg|hipl` iw
ms`ri|hcg nhjt ripl vlr `jal `c~c`l` bs vrj`|gp jn hledpm
-jr `cialplr# ie` Tw%
Cp cw rlgjaale`l` pmip pml w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl njrlnnlgpc~l wlpphced jn wjhc`w bigo pj pml rligpjr wmj|h` bl
hlww pmie 26 a7*a2%` ip i~lridl nhjt ie` wmj|h` bl hlww
pmie 7> a7*a2%` |e`lr vlio nhjt gje`cpcjew% Cn pml
gihg|hipl` w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl cw allpced pmlwl grcplrci
pml `lwcde jn pml DHW wlviripjr cw nceih% Tmle cp cw
l}gll`ced pml hcacpw rlgjaale`l`( cp cw i`~cwibhl pj
rl`|gl pml mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr( pm|w( njr wial ~jh|al jn
pml rligpjr ajrl vhie irli tchh bl i~ichibhl% Tmle pml
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7> IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr cw rl`|gl` ihh lirhclr wplvw njr `lwcde
jn DHW wlviripjr wmj|h` bl rlvlipl` pj wipcwns ihh `lwcde
grcplrcje% Pml aceca|a mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr wmj|h` bl
rlwprcgpl` pj 0%6 a -vrlnlribhs 0%< a#% Jegl( ihh pml
`lwcde grcplrci irl wipcwncl` pml iedhl jn ceghceipcje jn pml
diw gjhhlgpjr `jal tcpm mjrc{jepih -y# gie bl gihg|hipl`
iw y 1 pie!9_ 2m* -TbTp#Q%
Binnhl jn w|nncgclep j~lrhiv -6%9 pj 6%2 a# wmj|h` bl
vrj~c`l` blhjt pml diw gjhhlgpjr ce jr`lr pj i~jc` leprs jn
bcjdiw ce pml wlpphced gjavirpalep% Pml `cialplr jn pml
diw l}mi|wp vcvlw wmj|h` bl w|nncgclep pj d|iriepll liws
rlaj~ih jn pml bcjdiw nrja pml diw gjhhlgpcje giv(
virpcg|hirhs ce giwl jn njiaced% Dlelrihhs( hjtlr rligpjr
mlcdmp cw rly|crl` njr \IWB rligpjr prlipced wltidl%
\e`lr glrpice wcp|ipcje( virpcg|hirhs njr ~lrs hjt wprledpm
jn tiwpltiplr( l~le tcpm rl`|gpcje jn mlcdmp pj pml
aceca|a ais ejp allp ihh `lwcde rly|crlalepw% Ce w|gm
giwlw pml JHR i`jvpl` njr `lwcde gie bl rl`|gl` pj
vrj~c`l drliplr ~jh|al jn pml rligpjr ie` mlegl ajrl
vhie irli pj allp pml lepcrl `lwcde grcplrcje%
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Lnnh|lep Gjhhlgpcje Wswpla;
Pml lnnh|lep miw pj hli~l pml \IWB rligpjr ~ci e|ablr jn
hi|e`lrw `cwprcb|pl` j~lr lepcrl irli `cwgmirdced( pj aicehi|e`lr vrj~c`l` ip vlrcvmlrs jn pml rligpjr% Pml lnnh|lep
hi|e`lrw gie bl `lwcdel` ce w|gm i tis pmip pml tlcr
hji`ced -a7*a%`# wmj|h` ejp l}gll` pml `lwcde grcplrci jn
Wlgje`irs Wlpphced Pieo -c%l%9=< a7*a%`#% Pml tc`pm jn
pml hi|e`lrw ais bl aceca|a 6%26 a pj nigchcpipl
aicepleiegl% Pml `lvpm jn pml hi|e`lr gie bl tjrol` j|p
iw jvle gmieelh nhjt%
I``cpcjeih `lvpm jn 6%96 pj 6%9< a wmihh bl vrj~c`l` pj
nigchcpipl nrll nhjt% Je bjpm wc`lw jn pml hi|e`lrw ^
ejpgmlw wmihh bl |wl`% Tmle lnnh|lep hi|e`lrw irl
vrj~c`l` tcpm wg|a binnhlw( pml ^ ejpgmlw tchh bl
vrjplgpl` nrja ghjddced iw pml binnhlw rlpice pml nhjipced
aiplrcihw% I wg|a hislr ais njra ip pml pjv jn rligpjr
ie` wh|`dl igg|a|hipcje gie jgg|r ce pml hi|e`lr mlegl(
vlrcj`cgih ghlieced jn hi|e`lrw ie` rlaj~ih jn wg|a
wmj|h` bl girrcl` j|p%
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7= IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
@lwcde jn Nll` Cehlp Wswpla;
Cp cw cavjrpiep pj lwpibhcwm jvpca|a gjepigp blptlle pml
wh|`dl i~ichibhl cewc`l pml rligpjr ie` tiwpltiplri`acppl`( ie` pj i~jc` gmieelhced jn pml tiwpltiplr
pmrj|dm wh|`dl bl`% Mlegl( vrjvlr `lwcde jn cehlp
`cwprcb|pcje wswpla cw elglwwirs% @lvle`ced je
pjvjdrivms( v|avced irriedlalep( ie` hcolhcmjj`
bhjgoced jn cehlp vcvlw( jel gj|h` vrj~c`l lcpmlr -c#
dri~cps nll` nrja pjv -vrlnlrrl` njr tiwpltiplr tcpm mcdm
w|wvle`l` nrigpcje#( jr -cc# v|avl` nll` nrja bjppja
pmrj|dm aiecnjh` ie` hiplrihw -vrlnlrrl` ce giwl jn wjh|bhl
ce`|wprcih tiwpltiplrw#%
Pml rj|dm d|c`lhcelw njr pml e|ablr jn nll` cehlp vjcepw
rly|crl` ce \IWB rligpjr cw vrlwlepl` bs Hlppcedi ie`
M|hwmjnn njr `cnnlrlep gjeglepripcje jn pml wh|`dl cewc`l
pml rligpjr ie` ivvhcgibhl hji`ced riplw% Ce dlelrih( pml
irli pj bl wlr~l` bs ligm nll` cehlp vjcep wmj|h` bl
blptlle 9 ie` 7 a2% Hjtlr irli vlr cehlp vjcep -9 a2# cw
pj bl i`jvpl` njr rligpjr `lwcdel` njr JHR jn ibj|p 9 od
GJ@*a7%`( ie` mcdmlr irli -2 pj 7 a2# vlr cehlp vjcep gie
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73 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
bl vrj~c`l` pj pml rligpjr `lwcdel` njr JHR drliplr pmie
2 od GJ@*a7%`% Ivirp nrja pml e|ablr jn nll` cehlp
vjcepw( pml aceca|a ie` ai}ca|a j|pnhjt ~lhjgcps
pmrj|dm pml ej{{hlw wmj|h` ihwj bl dc~le `|l
gjewc`lripcje tmchl `lwcdeced%
Pmcw j|pnhjt ~lhjgcps pmrj|dm ej{{hlw gie bl olvp
blptlle 6%< ie` 0%6 a*w% Pml ly|ipcje jn gje`cpcje njr
ai}ca|a vjtlr priewnlr pmrj|dm ej{{hl gie bl |wl` njr
tjroced j|p ej{{hl jr cehlp vcvlw `cialplr% Pml ghjddced
jn pml ej{{hlw ais rlvrlwlep wlrcj|w vrjbhla rlw|hpced ce
|el~le `cwprcb|pcje jn pml tiwpltiplr j~lr rligpjr
bjppja( virpcg|hirhs tmle prlipced virpcihhs wjh|bhl
tiwpltiplr%
Gjewpr|gp aiplrcih;
Ce pml ieilrjbcg gje`cpcjew jn ie \IWB rligpjr( pmlrl cw
i rcwo jn gjrrjwcje ce ptj aice wcp|ipcjew;
Wjal M2W diw gie viww pml DWH wlviripjr ie`
igg|a|hipl ibj~l pml tiplr hl~lh ce pml pjv jn pml
rligpjr% Pmcw tchh bl j}c`c{l` pj w|hvmipl bs j}sdle
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06 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
ce pml icr pj njra W|hvm|rcg Igc` pmip tchh ce p|re
gi|wl gjrrjwcje jn bjpm gjegrlpl ie` wpllh%
Blhjt pml tiplr hl~lh; Gihgc|a J}c`l( -GiJ#( ce
gjegrlpl gie bl `cwwjh~l tcpm bs Girbje @cj}c`l(
-GJ2#( ce pml hcy|c` ce hjt vM gje`cpcjew%
Pj i~jc` pmlwl vrjbhlaw( pml aiplrcih |wl` pj gjewpr|gp
pml \IWB rligpjr wmj|h` bl gjrrjwcje rlwcwpiep( w|gm iw
wpicehlww wpllh jr vhiwpcgw( jr bl vrj~c`l` tcpm vrjvlr
w|rnigl gjipcedw( -l%d% gjipl` gjegrlpl ripmlr pmie gjipl`
wpllh( vhiwpcg gj~lrl` tcpm cavrldeipl` mir`tjj` njr pml
wlpphlr( vhiwpcg njrpcncl` vhstjj`( lpg#%
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Jvlripcje;
Jvlripcje grcplrci; Pml jvpca|a vM riedl cw nrja >%> pj
4%> Pml tiwpltiplr plavlrip|rlw wmj|h` ejp bl 8 < Gblgi|wl hjt plavlrip|rlw gie cavl`l pml ms`rjhswcw ripl
jn vmiwl 9 ie` pml igpc~cps jn alpmiejdlecg bigplrci%
Pmlrlnjrl ce tceplr wliwje( alpmiel diw ais bl ell`l`
pj mlip pml tiwpltiplr pj bl prlipl` ce pml rligpjr%
Ihtisw aicepice pml ripcj jn GJ@ ; E ; V 1 7
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Rlpir`ced jr l~le gjavhlplhs jbwpr|gpced pml
njraipcje jn wh|`dl drie|hlw%
Leprivalep jn drie|hir wh|`dl ce i hislr jn i`wjrbl`
cewjh|bhl aipplr ie` wjalpcalw ihwj nihhced ivirp
-`cwcepldripcje# jn drie|hir wh|`dl%
I w|``le ie` ihajwp gjavhlpl tiwm!j|p jn pml
wh|`dl vrlwlep ce rligpjr
@lghcel jn pml j~lrihh alpmiejdlecg igpc~cps jn pmlwh|`dl `|l pj igg|a|hipcje jn WW
Pmlrlnjrl( pml WW gjeglepripcje ce pml nll` pj pml rligpjr
wmj|h` ejp l}gll`
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07 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Pml wpirp!|v jn pml \IWB rligpjr gie bl gjewc`lrl` pj bl
gjavhlpl jegl i wipcwnigpjrs vlrnjraiegl jn pml wswpla
miw blle rligml` ip cpw `lwcde hji`%
Jpmlr Rly|crlalepw;
Cp cw elglwwirs pj ollv vrj~cwcje njr rlaj~ih jn l}glww
wh|`dl nrja pml rligpjr% Ihpmj|dm( pml l}glww wh|`dl cw
tiwpl` nrja ibj|p ac``hl mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr( cp cw ihwjelglwwirs pj aiol irriedlalep ip bjppja jn pml rligpjr%
Ce i``cpcje( < pj > e|ablrw jn ~ih~lw wmj|h` bl vrj~c`l`
j~lr rligpjr mlcdmp pj nigchcpipl wiavhced jn pml wh|`dl%
Njr prlipced mcdm wprledpm tiwpltiplr cp cw rlgjaale`l`
pj ivvhs lnnh|lep rlgsghl( ce jr`lr pj `ch|pl GJ@
gjeglepripcje ie` pj cavrj~l gjepigp blptlle wh|`dl ie`
tiwpltiplr%
Njr prlipced tiwpltiplr tcpm GJ@ gjeglepripcje drliplr
pmie 0 ! < d*H( cp cw rlgjaale`l` pj ivvhs `ch|pcje `|rced
wpirp!|v( njr vrjvlr drie|hipcje jn wh|`dl cewc`l \IWB
rligpjr% I|}chcirs ly|cvalep miw pj bl cewpihhl` njr
i``cpcje jn lwwlepcih e|prclepw( ie` ihoihcecps njr gjeprjh jn
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vM jn pml cenh|lep% Pml jpmlr ly|cvalepw pj bl vrj~c`l`
irl njr aliw|rlalep jn vM( plavlrip|rl( cenh|lep nhjt
ripl( ie` diw vrj`|gpcje ripl%
Pm|w( pmcw `lwcde jn pml rligpjr tchh allp ihh `lwcde
rlgjaale`ipcje vrjvjwl` ce pml hcplrip|rl% Pml vrjvlr
`lwcde jn rligpjr ihjed tcpm DHW wlviripjr tchh mlhv ce
blpplr rlplepcje jn pml wh|`dl cewc`l pml rligpjr% Pmcw tchh
mlhv ce rl`|gced wpirp!|v pcal( rly|crl` njr pml rligpjr pj
igmcl~l wpli`s wpipl( ie` blpplr vlrnjraiegl jn pml rligpjr
`|rced wpli`s wpipl%
Ce pmcw `lwcde vrjgl`|rl ncrwp vrcjrcps cw dc~le njr
aicepiceced ai}ca|a vjwwcbhl GJ@ gje~lrwcje
lnncgclegs jn pml rligpjr( bs wlhlgpced vrjvlr hji`ced
gje`cpcjew njr pmip GJ@ gjeglepripcjew( ie` pmle pj prs
njr acecac{ced gjwp jn pml rligpjr% Njr dc~le GJ@
gjeglepripcje jn pml tiwpltiplr ai}ca|a vjwwcbhl
hji`ced riplw irl |wl` ce pml bldceeced ie` rl`|gl` ce
wplvw pchh pml `lwcde wipcwnclw ihh pml rly|crlalepw% Pm|w(
pmcw `lwcde tchh vrj~c`l aceca|a ~jh|al jn pml rligpjr
wipcwnsced ihh `lwcde rlgjaale`ipcjew%
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\IWB Rligpjr Vlrnjraiegl;
Wlviripcje jn cenhjt pj ligm \IWB glhh( ~lepchipcje(
wiavhced ie` l}glww wh|`dl wswplaw ejp wmjte( njrghircps% Ihwj ejpl pmip hcy|c` hl~lh cewc`l hl~lh tchh bl
blhjt j~lrnhjt tlcr bs i mlcdmp 1 diw vrlww|rl -u 6%2 !
6%7a#
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0> IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED
Ncd|rl =; Prlipalep Vlrnjraiegl
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0= IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED