Design and Analysis of Pipeline and Distribution System
Transcript of Design and Analysis of Pipeline and Distribution System
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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF
PIPELINE AND DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM
PRSENTED BY
PRASANNA KUMAR
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INTRODUCTION
TRUNK MAINS
PRINCIPAL FEEDER MAINS DISTRIBUTION MAINS
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FACTORS SIZE OF MAIN
FUTURE DEMAND AND ITS RATE OF RISE
ROUTES ARE POSSIBLE FOR 2 PIPELINES WHETHER 2 PIPELINES WOULD OFFER
BETTER SECURITY FOR MAINTENANCE OFSUPPLIES
PIPELINE PLANNIG
DESIGN OF PUMPING MAIN
USE OF DISCOUNTING
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X+X/(1+r)n < 1.3 X
THIS SHOWS THAT
1/(1+r)n < 0.3
DISCOUNT RATE n (years)
8% >15
10% >1212% >10
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PIPELINE PLANNING
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DESIGN OF A PUMPING MAIN
A PUMPING MAIN DELIVERS WATER FROM
PUMPING STATION TO A SERVICE RESERVOIR
IT IS OPERATED AT A CONSTANT FLOW RATE AIM IS TO FIND THE DIA OF MAIN,CAPITAL
EXPENDITURE ON PUMPING PLANT AND
PIPELINE(INCLUDING POWER
CONSUMPTION,OPERATING COST).AND
KEEPING THAT TO MINIMUM
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USE OF DISCOUNTING
HIGH RATE OF DISCOUNT
DEVALUES FUTUTE EXPENDITURE
MORE THAN A LOW RATE OF
DISCOUNT
BECOMING LESS USED THESE
DAYS
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SOURCES AND PIPELINE
LAYOUTS
Service reservoir should be located as nearas technically feasible to the distributionarea it serves
If the service reservoir cannot be sitedclose to the distribution area , at least twomajor delivery lines connected at extremitiesto form a ring main thru the distribution area
A rise and fall main can be adopted wherethe only possible siting of service reservoiris further away from the distribution systemthen the source of water
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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
CHARACTERSTICS Minimum pressure at peak demand times
should not be less than 15-20 mts in themain at the highest supply point a systemcan serve
Static pressures at night time should be aslow as practicable
Consistent water quality must be maintained
thru the system Spare flow capacity must exist in the system
sufficient to meet foreseeable rises ofdemand over the next few years
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DESIGN OF PRINCIPAL
FEEDER MAINS
Matters to be considered
Optimum engineering route
Proposed mode of operating the
system
Location and capacity of storage
Capital Vs operating cost
Confidence in demand projections
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DESIGN OF NETWORKS Mains most frequently used for local distribution are
100 or 150 mm Dia
The dia of pipe mainly depends upon populationdensity of the area and how the pipe is supplied
At any time, t, of the day ,the demand
avg day avg day
domestic * Dt1 + non domestic * Dt2+ allowance
demand demand for leakageVelocity in the pipe should be within the range
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CONCLUSION PIPELINE PLANNING COMPRISES OF FINDING A
STRATEGY THAT BEST COVERS ALL REASONABLY
FEASIBLE DEMAND OPTIONS,MAINTAINGFLEXIBILITY IN CASE DEVELOPMENT DOES NOT
FOLLOW THE CURRENT PREDICTIONS
RING MAIN FORMATIONS AND AVOIDANCE OFANY
NEED TO DUPLICATE MAINS BACK TO THE
SOURCE LATER ARE USEFUL PRECAUTIONS
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THANK U