Descritpion - HUAWEI PV Plant...Installation and commissioning engineers ... System maintenance...

Smart PV Power Plant Solution

Descritpion

Issue 01

Date 2015-06-30

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

i

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.

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Notice

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within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,

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Descritpion Change History



ii

Change History

Date Version Description Author

2015-06-30 01 Initial draft. Li Junyong (employee ID: 00311268)

Shu Zhenhuan (employee ID: 00192146)


Descritpion Contents



iii

Contents

Change History ........................................................................................................................... ii

1 About This Document ............................................................................................................. 1

2 Solution Overview ................................................................................................................... 2

2.1 Solution Architecture ............................................................................................................................................. 2

2.2 Solution Scenarios ................................................................................................................................................. 2

2.3 Solution Features ................................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Solution Devices ...................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Devices Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 5

3.2 Device Description ...............................................................................................................................................10

3.2.1 PV Module ........................................................................................................................................................10

3.2.2 Inverter.............................................................................................................................................................. 11

3.2.3 AC Combiner Box/AC PDC...............................................................................................................................18

3.2.4 Transformer .......................................................................................................................................................21

3.2.5 Power Cable ......................................................................................................................................................22

3.2.6 Smart Communications Cabinet .........................................................................................................................25

3.2.7 Data Collector ...................................................................................................................................................29

3.2.8 PID Module .......................................................................................................................................................31

3.2.9 Ring Network Switch.........................................................................................................................................32

3.2.10 Other Monitoring and Communication Devices ................................................................................................33

4 Solution Scenarios ................................................................................................................. 34

4.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................................34

4.2 Low-Voltage Grid-tied Scenario ............................................................................................................................34

4.3 Medium-Voltage Grid-tied Scenario ......................................................................................................................35

4.4 Smart PV Power Plant Monitoring Networking Solutions ......................................................................................37

4.4.1 RS485+Fiber Ring Network Solution .................................................................................................................37

4.4.2 RS485+4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution .....................................................................................................39

4.4.3 PLC+4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution ........................................................................................................41

4.4.4 PLC+Fiber Ring Network Solution ....................................................................................................................43

4.4.5 RS485+3G Solution ...........................................................................................................................................45

4.4.6 PLC+3G Solution ..............................................................................................................................................47

4.5 4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution ....................................................................................................................49


Descritpion Contents



iv

4.5.1 Frequency Band .................................................................................................................................................49

4.5.2 Frequency Band Application ..............................................................................................................................49

4.5.3 Performance ......................................................................................................................................................50

4.5.4 Distributed Architecture and Coverage Distance .................................................................................................50

4.5.5 Site Types ..........................................................................................................................................................51

4.5.6 4G LTE Dedicated Network Base Station Devices ..............................................................................................52

5 FusionSolar Smart PV Management System ...................................................................... 58

5.1 FusionSolar Smart PV Management System..........................................................................................................58

5.1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................58

5.1.2 FusionSolar Devices ..........................................................................................................................................60

5.2 NetEco 1000S Smart PV Power Plant Management System...................................................................................60

5.2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................60

5.2.2 MOQ for NetEco 1000S Devices .......................................................................................................................61

6 Reference ................................................................................................................................. 62


Descritpion 1 About This Document



1

1 About This Document

Purpose

This document describes the following aspects of the smart photovoltaic (PV) power plant

solution:

System composition

Networking in various scenarios

Third-party device access

Device list

Major services

The smart PV power plant solution applies to low-voltage and medium-voltage grid-tied

scenarios. Various solution portfolios are available in these scenarios to meet customers'

requirements.

Intended Audience

This document is intended for:

Installation and commissioning engineers

Site maintenance engineers

Product delivery engineers

System maintenance engineers


Descritpion 2 Solution Overview



2

2 Solution Overview

2.1 Solution Architecture

Figure 2-1 Smart PV power plant solution architecture

Multi-plant

centralized

mgmt system

Plant-level

mgmt system

Secondary

equipment

Primary

equipment

Smart O&M cloud center

FusionSolar app Server

Production

mgmt systemArea III Area I

PV terminal and

O&M app

Data collector

EMI

PV panel

EMI

Smart PV

controller Array area

Box-type

transformer

Comm.

mgmt unit

Relay protection device Meter

Switch cabinet

Pooling station

Meter DCD

Step-up

transformerBooster station

Relay protection

device

Data collection and comm

Data stream

Electrical power cable

Load

Area II

Climate

server

Optical power

forecast hostInterworking

devices

Booster

station

monitoring

Remote mgmt unit

Electrical private line

Centralized dispatching systemSmart O&M mgmt system

Mgmt system interface

eLTE Mod bus IEC104

Switch cabinet SVG

Area I Area III

AGC/AVC

Comm.

mgmt unit

Centralized

oscillograph

Internet/dedicated line

Transformer control

Grid

PV monitoring system

The smart PV power plant solution mainly consists of the power system (primary and

secondary equipment) and the monitoring and management system (plant-level management

system and multi-plant centralized management system).

2.2 Solution Scenarios The smart PV power plant solution applies to low-voltage (three-phase, line voltage 380/400

V AC) and medium-voltage (three-phase, line voltage: 6–35 kV AC) grid-tied scenarios.





3

Table 2-1 Smart PV power plant solution scenarios

No. Scenario Grid Voltage

Inverter Array Communication Solution

Plant Communication Solution

1 Low-voltage

grid-tied

380/400

V AC

SUN2000-8

/10/12/15/1

7/20/23/33K

TL

RS485 Fiber ring network

3G or 4G router

4G LTE dedicated

network

SUN2000-3

3KTL

PLC Fiber ring network

3G or 4G router

4G LTE dedicated

network

2 Medium-vol

tage

grid-tied

6–35 kV

AC

SUN2000-2

4.5/28/33/40

KTL

RS485 Fiber ring network

3G or 4G router

4G LTE dedicated

network

SUN2000-3

3/40KTL

PLC Fiber ring network

3G or 4G router

4G LTE dedicated network

The low-voltage grid-tied scenario is targeted mainly for direct connection to the

380/400 V AC grid. In this scenario, use the SUN2000-8/10/12/15/17/20/23/33KTL as

the inverter. The SUN2000-8/10/12/15/17/20/23KTL inverter provides the RS485

communication function but not the PLC communication function. The

SUN2000-33KTL inverter provides the RS485 communication function (mandatory) and PLC communication function (optional).

The medium-voltage grid-tied scenario is targeted mainly for connection to the 6–35 kV

AC (after conversion by a step-up transformer) grid. It is recommended that the

SUN2000-28/40KTL be used as the inverter. The SUN2000-28/40KTL provides a 480 V

AC output voltage and the RS485 communication function. The PLC communication function is optional for the SUN2000-40KTL.

In low-voltage grid-tied scenarios such as in Japan or other areas, if the voltage is 200 V,

the SUN2000-24.5/28KTL inverter output voltage (480 V AC) needs to be converted to 200 V AC by a transformer before grid connection.

A power plant can use the fiber ring network, 3G router, or 4G LTE dedicated network solution for communication.

2.3 Solution Features The smart PV power plant solution is smart, efficient, safe, and reliable.





4

The smart PV inverter is protected to IP65 and uses the design involving no fuses. It can

also collect high-precision information about each PV string, such as the current and voltage, to precisely locate component faults and other electrical faults.

The solution does not require a large number of DC combiner boxes. Only a small

number of AC combiner boxes that use components not easily damaged, such as fuses,

need to be configured. The AC combiner boxes do not require regular replacement, facilitating maintenance.

The solution uses 4G mobile communication technologies, enabling wireless

transmission of data inside PV arrays. No cable or communication device maintenance is involved.

The smart network management system (NMS) performs monitoring, operation and

maintenance (O&M), management, and alarm functions from various aspects, analyzes

power plant operating problems, and provides comprehensive data and services to O&M personnel, achieving smart O&M.


Descritpion 3 Solution Devices



5

3 Solution Devices

3.1 Devices Overview The smart PV power plant solution consists of the power system and the monitoring and

management system. Table 3-1 lists the main devices involved in the solution. For the

monitoring and management system, Table 3-1 lists only the devices required for the power

plant arrays. For details about the devices in the plant-level monitoring system and

FusionSolar smart PV management system, see chapter 5 "FusionSolar Smart PV

Management System."

Table 3-1 Main devices in the smart PV power plant solution


Power System Monitoring and Management System

Inverter Other Devices

Array Communication Solution


Devices

1 Low-volt

age grid-tied

380/400

V AC

SUN200

0-8/10/12

/15/17/20

/23/33KT

L

PV

module,

AC

combiner

box (power

distribution

cabinet,

that is,

PDC),

power cable

RS485 Fiber ring network Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

ring

network

switch,

optical

fiber,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable

3G or 4G router Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

3G router,

3G router power





6






Devices

source,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable, 3G

data card

4G LTE dedicated

network

Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

power over

Ethernet

(PoE)

power

source,

customer

premises

equipment

(CPE)

terminal,

4G LTE

dedicated

base station devices

SUN200

0-33KTL

PV

module,

AC

combiner

box (PDC),

power cable

PLC Fiber ring network Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

ring

network

switch,

optical

fiber,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable, PLC

CCO module


communica

tion cabinet

(optional),





7






Devices

data

collector,

3G router,

3G router

power

source,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable, 3G

data card,

PLC CCO module

4G LTE dedicated

network

Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

PoE power

source,

CPE

terminal,

PLC CCO

module, 4G

LTE

dedicated


2 Medium-

voltage

grid-tied

6–35 kV

AC

SUN200

0-24.5/28

/40KTL

PV

module,

AC

combiner

box (PDC),

power

cable, PID

module

(optional),

transformer

RS485 Fiber ring network Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

ring

network

switch,

optical

fiber,

outdoor

shielded

network cable


communica

tion cabinet





8






Devices

(optional),

data

collector,

3G router,

3G router

power

source,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable, 3G

data card

4G LTE dedicated

network

Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

PoE power

source,

CPE

terminal,

4G LTE

dedicated


SUN200

0-40KTL

PLC Fiber ring network Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

ring

network

switch,

optical

fiber,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable, PLC

CCO module


communica

tion cabinet

(optional),





9






Devices

data

collector,

3G router,

3G router

power

source,

outdoor

shielded

network

cable, 3G

data card,

PLC CCO module

4G LTE dedicated

network

Smart

communica

tion cabinet

(optional),

data

collector,

PoE power

source,

CPE

terminal,

PLC CCO

module, 4G

LTE

dedicated


Remarks:

Inverters for Japan: SUN2000-24.5/28KTL; inverters for Europe and other regions:

SUN2000-8–23, 28, 33KTL

Table 3-1 does not cover devices in the plant-level monitoring system and FusionSolar smart

PV management system. For details about these devices, see chapter 5 "FusionSolar Smart PV

Management System."





10

3.2 Device Description

3.2.1 PV Module

Mainstream PV power plants use monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon solar cells.

Table 3-2 describes the specifications of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon

PV modules.

Table 3-2 Specifications of mainstream crystalline silicon PV modules

Specifications/Type

Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell-60-260Wp


Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cell-60-265Wp


Number of

wafers

60 72 60 72

Peak power 260 Wp 305 Wp 260 Wp 310 Wp

Open-circuit

voltage

37.7 V 45.4 V 38.3 V 45.57 V

Short-circuit

current

9.09 A 8.93 A 9.37 A 8.85 A

Peak voltage 30.3 V 36.1 V 30.1 V 37.04 V

Peak current 8.59 A 8.45 A 8.79 A 8.37 A

Weight 18.5 kg 25.5 kg 18.5 kg 30 kg

Dimensions 1650 mm x 992

mm x 50 mm

1935 mm x 991 mm

x 45 mm

1650 mm x 992 mm

x 40 mm

1935 mm x 991 mm x

45 mm

Similar specifications

Max. endured

voltage

1000 V DC

Power error + 3%

Wind and

pressure resistant

performance

60 m/s (200 kg/sq.m)

Temperature

coefficient of the

short-circuit current

0.06/ºC

Temperature

coefficient of the

open-circuit voltage

–0.33/ºC

Peak power

temperature coefficient

–0.42/ºC





11

Specifications/Type





Standard test

conditions

Solar irradiance: 1000 W/m2

Panel surface temperature: 25ºC

3.2.2 Inverter

The Huawei SUN2000 string smart inverter functions as the controller in a smart PV power

plant. It efficiently converts DC power into AC power, monitors the power plant, and controls

the active/reactive power output of the power plant.

The working principles of the SUN2000 are described as follows:

The input current detection circuit detects the current of each string, analyzes the

operating status of each string, and generates an alarm to inform users in the case of a string exception so that they can perform maintenance.

The DC switch disconnects internal circuits from the DC input to facilitate manual

operations.

The class II DC surge protective device (SPD) protects the SUN2000 internal circuits from DC overvoltage.

The input/output environmental monitoring instrument (EMI) filter filters out

high-frequency interference in the output current, ensuring that the output current meets the power grid requirements.

The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuits ensure optimal output power by

monitoring the voltages and currents of PV strings and tracking the MPP.

The DC-to-AC converter converts the DC power into AC power, which is then fed to the power grid with an output frequency and voltage matching the power grid.

The LC filter filters out electromagnetic interference inside the SUN2000 to ensure that the SUN2000 meets electromagnetic compatibility requirements.

The output isolation relay isolates the inverter from the power grid if either of them is

faulty.

The class II AC SPD protects the SUN2000 internal circuits from AC overvoltage.

Figure 3-1 shows the SUN2000-33/40KTL inverter.





12

Figure 3-1 SUN2000-33/40KTL inverter

Table 3-3 describes the electrical specifications of the SUN2000-33/40KTL.

Table 3-3 Electrical specifications of the SUN2000-33/40KTL

Specifications SUN2000-33KTL SUN2000-40KTL

Efficiency

Max. efficiency 98.60% 98.80%

European efficiency 98.30% 98.40%

Input

Max. input power (cosφ = 1) 33,800 W 40,800 W

Max. input voltage 1000 V

Max. input current (per MPPT) 23 A

Max. short-circuit current (per MPPT) 32 A

Max. input current (three MPPTs) 69 A

Min. operating voltage 200 V

Full load MPPT voltage range 480–800 V 580–800 V

Max. inputs 6 6

Number of MPPTs 3 3





13

Output

Rated power 30,000 W 36,000 W

Rated output voltage 220–230 V/380–400 V,

3W+N+PE

277/480 V, 3W+PE

Output voltage frequency 50/60 Hz

Max. output current 48 A

Power factor 0.8 overexcited ... 0.8 underexcited

Total harmonic distortion (THD) < 3%

Protection

Input DC switch Supported

Anti-islanding protection Supported

Output overcurrent protection Supported

Input reverse connection protection Supported

Fault detection for PV strings Supported

DC surge protection Class II

AC surge protection Class II

Insulation resistance detection Supported

Residual current device (RCD) detection Supported

Display and Communication

Display LED

RS485 Supported

USB Supported

PLC Supported

Common Parameters

Dimensions (W x H x D) 550 mm x 770 mm x 255 mm

Weight 49 kg

Operating temperature –25ºC to +60ºC

Cooling mode Natural convection

Altitude 4000 m

Relative humidity (non-condensing) 0–100%

Input terminal Amphenol H4

Output terminal Waterproof PG connector + OT terminal





14

Protection level IP65

Power consumption at night < 1 W

Topology No transformer

Noise 29 dB

Warranty period 5 years

Standards Compliance

Safety/EMC EN61000-6-2, EN61000-6-3, EN61000-3-2,

EN61000-3-3, EN61000-3-11, EN61000-3-12,

EN/IEC62109-1, EN/IEC62109-2

Power grid connection standard VDE-AR-N4105, VDE0126-1-1, BDEW 2008,

Enel-Guideline, CEI 0-21, G59/2, G83/1-1,

AS4777, CGC/GF004:2011, IEC61727, IEC62116, RD1669

Figure 3-2 shows the electrical diagram of the SUN2000-33/40KTL inverter.

Figure 3-2 Electrical diagram of the SUN2000-33/40KTL

Input

current

detection

DC

switch

DC SPD

Inp

ut E

MI filte

r

MPPT circuit 1

MPPT circuit 2

MPPT circuit 3

DC-AC

inverter circuit

LCL filter

Output

isolation relay

Ou

tpu

t E

MI

filte

r

AC SPD

SUN2000-40KTL

Figure 3-3 shows the SUN2000-8–28KTL inverter.





15

Figure 3-3 SUN2000-8–28KTL inverter

Table 3-4 describes the specifications of the SUN2000-8–28KTL.

Table 3-4 Specifications of the SUN2000-8–28KTL

Specifications SUN2000-8KTL

SUN2000-10KTL

SUN2000-12KTL

SUN2000-15KTL

SUN2000-17KTL

SUN2000-20KTL

SUN2000-23KTL

SUN2000-24.5KTL

SUN2000-28KTL

Effici

ency

Max. efficiency 98.50% 98.60% 98.70%

European

efficiency

98.00% 98.30% 98.40%

Input Max. input

power (cosφ =

1)

9100

W

11400

W

13700

W

17100

W

19200

W

22500

W

23600

W

- 28200

W

Max. input

voltage

1000 V

Max. input

current (per MPPT)

18 A

Min. startup

voltage

200 V

Full load MPPT

voltage range

320–800 V 380–8

00 V

400–800 V 480–800 V

Rated input

voltage

620 V 680 V

Number of inputs

4 6





16


SUN2000-10KTL

SUN2000-12KTL

SUN2000-15KTL

SUN2000-17KTL

SUN2000-20KTL

SUN2000-23KTL

SUN2000-24.5KTL

SUN2000-28KTL

Number of

MPPTs

2 3

Outp

ut

Rated power 8000

VA

10000

VA

12000

VA

15000

VA

17000

VA

20000

VA

23000

VA

24500

VA

27500

VA

Max. AC output

power (cosφ=1)

8800

W

11000

W

13200

W

16500

W

18700

W

22000

W

- - -

Rated output

voltage

220–230 V/380–400 V, 3W+N+PE 277/48

0 V,

3W+PE

277/48

0 V,

3W+PE

Output voltage

frequency

50/60 Hz

Max. output

current

12.8

A

16 A 19.2 A 24 A 27.2 A 32 A 33.5 A

Power factor 0.8 overexcited ... 0.8 underexcited

THD < 3%

AC grid

connection

impulse current

(peak

current/duration)

33 A/2 ms

Output max.

short-current

current (peak

current/duration)

400 A/110 ms

Prote

ction

Input DC

switch

Supported

Anti-islanding

protection

Supported

Output

overcurrent

protection

Supported

Input reverse

connection protection

Supported

Fault detection

for PV strings

Supported

DC surge Class II





17


SUN2000-10KTL

SUN2000-12KTL

SUN2000-15KTL

SUN2000-17KTL

SUN2000-20KTL

SUN2000-23KTL

SUN2000-24.5KTL

SUN2000-28KTL

protection

AC surge

protection

Class II

Insulation

resistance

detection

Supported

RCD detection Supported

Displ

ay

and

com

muni

cation

Display Liquid crystal display (LCD)

RS485 Supported

USB Supported

Com

mon

para

meters

Dimensions (W

x H x D)

520 mm x 610 mm x 255 mm

Weight 40 kg 48 kg

Operating

temperature

–25ºC to +60ºC

Cooling mode Natural convection

Altitude 3000 m

Relative

humidity

(non-condensing)

0–100%

Input terminal

Output terminal Amphenol C16/3


Class of

protection

Class I

Pollution

degree

III

Power

consumption at night

< 1 W

Topology No transformer

Noise ≤ 29 dB





18


SUN2000-10KTL

SUN2000-12KTL

SUN2000-15KTL

SUN2000-17KTL

SUN2000-20KTL

SUN2000-23KTL

SUN2000-24.5KTL

SUN2000-28KTL

Warranty

period

5 years

Stand

ards

comp

liance

Safety/EMC EN/IEC62109-1, EN/IEC62109-2, EN61000-6-2, EN61000-6-3, EN61000-3-2,

EN61000-3-3, EN61000-3-11, EN61000-3-12

Power grid

connection

standard

VDE-AR-N4105, VDE0126-1-1, BDEW 2008, Enel-Guideline, CEI 0-21, CEI

0-16, G59/2, G83/2, AS4777, CGC/GF004:2011, IEC61727, IEC62116, RD1669,

EN50438, MEA 2013, PEA 2013

For details about other parameters, see the SUN2000 (8KTL-28KTL) Product Description and

Smart PV Power Plant Solution Product Catalog - Japanese Version.

3.2.3 AC Combiner Box/AC PDC

The SUN2000 AC combiner box (PDC) combines the output currents of multiple inverters or

AC combiner boxes and provides the currents to the low-voltage power grid or the

low-voltage input side of a box-type transformer. The SUN2000 AC combiner box (PDC)

applies to scenarios in which the power of the Huawei inverter is lower than 40 kW,

low-voltage (400 V AC) scenarios, or medium-voltage (480 V DC) scenarios.

Figure 3-4 AC combiner box appearance

Table 3-5 lists the SUN2000 AC PDC technical specifications.

Table 3-5 SUN2000 AC PDC technical specifications

Item Specifications

Engineering features Dimensions (H x W x D) Unpacked: 660 mm x 900 mm x 275 mm

Packed: 845 mm x 1095 mm x 420 mm

Weight Without miniature circuit breakers (MCBs): ≤ 46.2 kg

With MCBs: ≤ 54.4 kg





19

Item Specifications

Without MCBs: ≤ 48 kg

With MCBs: ≤ 56.2 kg

Temperature –25ºC to +55ºC (full load at –25ºC to +50ºC; linear

derating at more than 50ºC)

Humidity 5–95% RH (non-condensing)

Altitude 0–3000 m (derating when the altitude exceeds 3000 m)

Transport/storage

temperature

–40ºC to +70ºC

Enclosure protection level IP55

Cabling Routed in and out from the bottom

Maintenance mode Maintained from the front; circuit breaker with a

protective cover

Installation mode Support-mounted or wall-mounted

Electrical specifications

Max. input voltage MCB: 400 V AC

Molded case circuit breaker (MCCB): 480 V AC

Rated insulation voltage MCB: 500 V AC

MCCB: 690 V AC

Max. branch input current MCB: 34 A

MCCB: 45 A

Max. output current 270 A

Power frequency withstand

voltage

2500 V

Bus rated operating current 270 A

Rated frequency 50 Hz

Number of inputs MCB: eight

MCCB: six

Numbers of outputs One

Surge protection level Level C

PDCs of the same dimensions may differ slightly in weight due to capacity differences.

Figure 3-5 shows the location of the AC PDC in the entire power supply and distribution

system. Use MCBs in low-voltage grid-tied scenarios and use MCCBs in medium-voltage

grid-tied scenarios.





20

Figure 3-5 Location of the AC PDC in the power supply and distribution system

The SUN2000 AC PDC combines the output currents of multiple upstream SUN2000s

through the corresponding MCBs or MCCBs and level-C SPD and provides the currents to

the low-voltage input side of the box-type transformer.

Figure 3-6 and Figure 3-7 show the AC PDC power distribution principles.

Figure 3-6 Power distribution conceptual diagram (MCB)





21

Figure 3-7 Power distribution conceptual diagram (MCCB)

3.2.4 Transformer

The grid-tied transformer applies mainly to medium-voltage grid-tied scenarios. It converts

the 480 V AC output voltage of the inverter to 6–35 kV voltage and then connects to the

booster station in the power distribution grid or substation in the power supply grid. In most

cases, a double-column transformer integrated with the low-voltage AC power distribution

unit is used and a communications port is reserved, reducing the system cost. Mainstream

step-up transformers used in PV power plants have a rated capacity of 800, 1000, 1250, 1600,

or 2000 kVA, a voltage of 480 V AC on the low-voltage side, and a voltage of 6–35 kV on the

high-voltage side. The low-voltage side uses delta connection and the high-voltage side uses

star connection.

In certain scenarios such as the low-voltage grid-tied scenarios in Japan, the transformer

reduces the 480 V AC output voltage of the inverter to 200 V AC before grid connection. The

step-down transformer has the same structure as the step-up transformer.

Figure 3-8 Step-up transformer appearance and conceptual diagram





22

Table 3-6 Specifications of mainstream box-type transformers (1600 kVA, 480 V to 35 kV)

Item Recommended Specifications

Rated capacity 1600 kVA

Rated voltage Double-column, (36.75 kV±2) x 2.5%/0.48 kV

Rated frequency 50 Hz

Vector group number Dy11 (with low-voltage side unearthed)

Impedance voltage 6.5% (at least 6%)

Max. efficiency > 99%

European efficiency > 98.5%

System and surge protection Three-phase three-wire IT system, 3+1

pressure-sensitive modules (three 385 V and one 510 V pressure-sensitive modules)

General circuit breaker One three-pole 2500 A/690 V circuit breaker

Branch MCCB Eight three-pole 400 A/690 V MCCBs

Enclosure material Stainless steel or aluminum

Communications protocol Modbus-RTU

Communications port RS485

Others Power port reserved for the communications cabinet:

load switch and fuses (see the following table for the specifications)

Table 3-7 Box-type transformer ports reserved for the communications cabinet

Communications Power Port

Specifications Quantity Manufacturer

Fuse box CHM3DIU/690 V/32 A 1 PCS Bussmann

Fuse FWC-6A/600 V/6 A/50 kA 3 PCS Bussmann

Disconnector OT16F3/690 V/16 A 1 PCS ABB

Some low-voltage grid-tied scenarios require the use of the isolation transformer. The isolation transformer has the similar structure as the step-up transformer. The isolation transformer isolates the upstream device from the downstream device without boosting or reducing voltages.

3.2.5 Power Cable

Cable selection rules:





23

− Factors to consider: cable type, soil thermal resistance coefficient, routing efficient,

PV running system features

− Basic rule: The cable must meet the current-carrying capacity, cable loss, and voltage drop requirements.

− Main constraints: current-carrying capacity, cable loss, voltage drop

− The selected cable must at least meet current-carrying capacity requirements. If the

system efficiency needs to be considered, the cable must also meet the cable loss

requirements.

Current-carrying capacity

Different design institutes may refer to different specifications:

− GB 50217-2007 Code for design of cables of electric engineering: China standard

reference for cable selection

− Electrical cable current-carrying capacity written by Ma Guodong: supplementary reference that describes more scenarios

− Industrial and civil power distribution design manual: referred to by many design

institutes. The manual provides many cable current-carrying capacity cables that

cover most scenarios.

Cable loss

Generally, the allowed ratio of total cable power loss to the total transmitted power is

less than 2%. The total cable power loss is the sum of power loss of all cables with various diameters.

Voltage drop

Generally, the voltage drop from the inverter output to the box-type transformer

low-voltage busbar (from inverter to combiner box, from combiner box to box-type

transformer low-voltage PDC) must not exceed 5% of 400/480 V AC.

Cable model

Table 3-8 Cable models

Environment Type Cable to Select in Common Conditions

Cable to Select in Damp, High Ground Water Level, or Chemical Corrosion Conditions

Direct bury ZC-YJV22-0.6/1kV-

x*xxmm2

ZC-YJV23-0.6/1kV-x*xxmm2

Direct bury (soil

displacement may

occur)

ZC-YJV32-0.6/1kV-

x*xxmm2

ZC-YJV33-0.6/1kV-x*xxmm2

Cable tray, cable

trough, tube

ZC-YJV-0.6/1kV-x*

xxmm3

ZC-YJY-0.6/1kV-x*xxmm3

Rooftop (WDZC

recommended)

WDZC-YJV-0.6/1kV

-x*xxmm3

PV dedicated PV1-F-1*xxmm2





24

Table 3-9 Cable model description

Model Description Remarks

YJV Copper-core cross linked polyethylene (XLPE)

insulated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheath power cable

YJY Copper-core cross linked polyethylene (XLPE)

insulated polyethylene sheath power cable

Polyethylene offers

better waterproof performance than PVC.

ZC Flame-resistant level C

WDZC Low-smoke, halogen free, flame-resistant level C No toxic gas is emitted

during burning.

YJV22 Copper-core XLPE insulated steel belt armored

PVC sheath power cable

The cable can withstand

some mechanical stress.

YJV23 Copper-core XLPE insulated steel belt armored

polyethylene sheath power cable

YJV32 Copper-core XLPE insulated fine steel wire

armored PVC sheath power cable

The cable can withstand

some mechanical stress and pulling force.

YJV33 Copper-core XLPE insulated fine steel wire

armored polyethylene sheath power cable

AC/DC power cable specifications (for the 1.6 MW PV array and 40KTL inverter)

Table 3-10 Recommended cable specifications

No. Cable Specifications Remarks

1 DC cable from a module to

the inverter

600V/1000V-PV1-F

-1*4mm2-34A, PV power cable

DC cable dedicated for PV

scenarios and should not be buried

2 Cable from the inverter to

the combiner box

ZC-YJV22-0.6/1kV

-3×16mm2

Multi-core hard cable

3 AC cable from the combiner

box to the box-type transformer

ZC-YJV22-0.6/1kV

-3×150mm2

Applies to the combiner box

that combines six inputs and provides one output

4 Cable from the

communications cabinet to

the box-type transformer

ZC-YJV22-0.6/1kV

-3×4mm2

Power cable

5 Communications cable from

the box-type transformer to the communications cabinet

ZC-DJYP2VP2-22-

2*2*1.0mm2

RS485 cable





25

No. Cable Specifications Remarks

6 Communications cable from

the communications cabinet to the CPE

CAT5e-SFTP4PR

24AWG

CPE power cable and

Ethernet communications cable

3.2.6 Smart Communications Cabinet

The smart communications cabinet is the communication core in the PV array unit. It collects

data from PV array devices (including the inverter, AC combiner box, box-type transformer,

and EMI), and reports the data to the power plant monitoring background through the fiber

ring network, the LTE network, or other network. This provides reliable guarantee for the

communication between the smart power plant monitoring background and array devices.

The smart communications cabinet can be equipped with the data collector, PLC

communications module, PID module, fiber ring network switch, Access Terminal Box (ATB),

PoE power source, communication management unit, and corresponding wiring terminals and

power distribution switches.

The smart communications cabinet can be wall-mounted or support-mounted. It is equipped

with front and rear doors and can be maintained from the front or rear, facilitating cable

connection and maintenance.

Table 3-11 Smart communications cabinet specifications

Category Item Specifications

Basic Cabling Routed in and out from the bottom

Maintenance mode Maintained from the front

Natural environment Outdoor

Altitude 3000 m

Installation mode Support-mounted or wall-mounted

Dimensions (W x H x D) Not greater than (600 x 1100 x 600),

including the base. The dimensions should be as small as possible.

Quality and reliability

Certification requirements /

Enclosure protection level Above IP55

Fire-resistance rating UL790 Class C

Service life 20

Environmental

adaptability

Operating ambient temperature –25ºC to +50ºC

Temperature rise inside the

chassis

10 K

Operating relative humidity Not greater than 95%

(non-condensing)





26

Category Item Specifications

Environmental

protection

Huawei environmental

protection requirements (ROSH and REACH)

Compliant

Figure 3-9 Internal layout diagram of the communications cabinet

Table 3-12 Equipped components before delivery

No. Component Specifications Quantity Silk Screen Description

1 Three-pin

power socket

220 V/3 pins,

multi-purpose

3 XS1, XS2,

XS3

A two-prong

or three-prong

plug can be

inserted.

2 SPD 480 V/20 kA/3P 1 FS -

3 Input MCB 480 V/32 A/3P 1 AC INPUT -

4 MCB 480 V/6 A/3P 1 PID INPUT

5 Input terminal 480 V/32

A/3-pin

1 X1 Labels: L1,

L2, L3, and N





27

No. Component Specifications Quantity Silk Screen Description

6 Power transfer

terminal block

480 V/32

A/8-pin

1 X1 Labels: A1,

A2, A3, B1,

B2, B3, C1,

C2, C3, N1,

and N2

7 Output power

terminal block

480 V/32

A/4-pin

1 X1 Labels: L, L,

N, and N

8 Output fuse 220 V/2 A/2P 2 FU1, FU2 -

9 Signal

terminal block

12 V/5 A/8-pin 1 X2 Labels: A4,

B4, A5, B5,

A6, B6, A7, and B7

10 PID module - 1 - -

Figure 3-10 shows the appearance and dimensions of the communications cabinet.

Figure 3-10 Communications cabinet appearance and dimensions

Figure 3-11 shows the top view of the communications cabinet bottom.





28

Figure 3-11 Top view of the communications cabinet bottom

(1) General power input port (2) PE input port (3) Fiber input port

(4) RS485 input port for connecting the data collector (5) Antenna input port

The communications cabinet can be equipped with or without the PID module before

delivery.

Figure 3-12 shows the conceptual diagram of the communications cabinet equipped with the

PID module before delivery. The diagram is the same for the communications cabinet without

the PID module except that the PID module is absent.

Figure 3-12 Conceptual diagram of the communications cabinet before delivery

Figure 3-13 shows the conceptual diagram of the communications cabinet equipped with the

internal devices.





29

Figure 3-13 Conceptual diagram of the communications cabinet equipped with the internal

devices

Remarks:

If there is no smart communications cabinet, devices such as the data collector and PLC

communications module are installed in the box-type transformer in most cases.

The box-type transformer must reserve guide rails for installing devices so that other optional

devices including the data collector can be installed. The box-type transformer needs to

reserve two to three 220 V three-pin power sockets (also support two-prong plugs) to function

as the power access point for the data collector, PoE power source, and PLC module. If the

reserved three-pin power sockets are insufficient, add a 220 V three-pin power strip to provide

more three-pin power sockets.

During the product solution design phase, the installation position, mounting method, and

layout scheme need to be finalized and the corresponding hole dimensions (see the user

manual for details) requirements need to be sent to the design institute as a reference for

figure design.

3.2.7 Data Collector

The SmartLogger data collector is dedicated for monitoring and managing the PV power

system. It converges all ports, converts protocols, collects and stores data, and centrally

monitors and maintains the PV power system.

A maximum of 30 devices can be connected over an RS485 route in series and a maximum of 80

devices can be connected in total.

If the EMI is required, connect it to the end terminal and set the EMI address to 1.





30

Figure 3-14 Front view of the data collector

Table 3-13 Data collector specifications

Specifications SmartLogger1000

Device

management

Maximum number of

devices that can be managed

80

Communication mode 3 x RS485

Maximum communications

distance

RS485: 1000 m; Ethernet: 100 m

Display LCD 3.5-inch LCD screen

LED Three LED indicators

Web WebUI

Common

parameters

Power source 90–270 V AC, 50/60 Hz

Power consumption Normal: 3 W; maximum: 7 W

Storage capacity 70 MB flash, can be expanded to 16 GB by

configuring an SD card.

Language English, Chinese, German, Italian

Dimensions 255 mm x 140 mm x 50 mm

Weight 500 g

Operating temperature –25ºC to +60ºC

Relative humidity 0–95% (non-condensing)


Installation mode Installed on a wall, desk, or along a guide

rail.

Ports Ethernet 10/100M, Modbus-TCP





31

Specifications SmartLogger1000

RS485 Three Modbus-RTU ports

Digital input (DI) 4

Analog input (AI) 2

Relay output 3

3.2.8 PID Module

PID means potential induced performance degradation in PV modules. During the running of

power plant modules, as the modules are grounded, some modules in the string are running

with a negative voltage to the ground. Due to the negative voltage, PID occurs in PV modules.

PID is likely to occur in a damp environment and the PID is accelerated by high humidity.

The PID effect is also related to the electrical conductivity, acidity, and alkalinity of PV

module surfaces and presence of objects with ions on the PV module surfaces. The PID effect

reduces the electric energy yield of the power plant, affecting revenues. The Huawei PID

module is installed in the communications cabinet to control the injection of AC voltage to the

ground. The PID module automatically adjusts the output voltage based on the inverter

voltage so that the voltage of all PV modules to the ground is positive. In this way, the PID

effect is prevented.

Working Principles

The PID module is installed in the communications cabinet and used with the cabinet. It

cannot be used independently. The PID module controls the injection of AC voltage to the

ground. It automatically adjusts the output voltage based on the inverter voltage so that the

voltage of all PV modules to the ground is positive.

Figure 3-15 Conceptual diagram for PID module installation

Inverter 1

Inverter n

AC combiner box

RS485

n

1

Data

collector

PID

Communications

cabinet

Medium-voltage

power grid

A/B/C

N

Power

source

PE





32

Appearance

The PID module dimensions (L x W x H) are 350 mm x 225 mm x 81.5 mm.

Figure 3-16 PID module appearance

Cable Installation

The PID module is installed in the communications cabinet, as shown in Figure 3-15. The

following table describes the cables to be installed. The three-phase AC power cable needs to

be connected to wiring terminals A, B, and C from the cabinet bottom. The PE terminal of the

PID module needs to be connected to the terminal block in the communications cabinet. The

data collector is connected to inverters using an RS485 cable, and connected to the PID

module inside the communications cabinet. For details about the communications cabinet, see

section 3.2.6 "Smart Communications Cabinet."

No. Signal Source

1 Three-phase AC power Combiner box or the low-voltage side of the step-up transformer

2 PE PGND bar

3 RS485 communication Data collector

3.2.9 Ring Network Switch

A ring network switch is required when the fiber ring network is used for networking. The

Huawei AR550-series industrial switching routers are dedicated for harsh environments. They

can meet the network communication requirements in environments with harsh temperatures,

humidities, and electromagnetic interference. The Huawei AR550-series switching routers

integrate functions such as routing, switching, and IPSec VPN. They have strong application

expansion capabilities.





33

The AR550-series have two models: AR550-8FE-D-H and AR550-24FE-D-H.

Model Specifications

AR550-8FE-D-H

Fixed ports: 4 x GE combo, 8 x FE RJ45, 1 x USB2.0, 1 x Do

Operating temperature: –40ºC to +70ºC

Dimensions (W x D x H): 97 mm x 133 mm x 150 mm

Redundant power supply (RPS): 9.6–60 V DC

AR550-24FE-D-H

Fixed ports: 4 x GE combo, 24 x FE RJ45, 1 x USB2.0, 1 x Do

Operating temperature: –40ºC to +70ºC

Dimensions (W x D x H): 133 mm x 133 mm x 150 mm

RPS: 9.6–60 V DC

For details about the AR550-series devices, see the Huawei AR550-Series Industrial

Switching Router Brochure.

3.2.10 Other Monitoring and Communication Devices

See chapters 4 "Solution Scenarios" and 5 "FusionSolar Smart PV Management System".


Descritpion 4 Solution Scenarios



34

4 Solution Scenarios

4.1 Overview

The smart PV power plant solution applies mainly to low- and medium-voltage grid-tied

scenarios. This chapter describes the networking in the two scenarios. The low-voltage or

medium-voltage grid-tied scenario consists of the smart PV power plant monitoring

networking (illustrated in sections 4.4 "Smart PV Power Plant Monitoring Networking

Solutions" and 4.5 "4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution") and the FusionSolar smart PV

management system (described in chapter 5 "FusionSolar Smart PV Management System").

4.2 Low-Voltage Grid-tied Scenario System composition

Figure 4-1 Low-voltage grid-tied scenario





35

In the low-voltage grid-tied scenario:

− Capacity: In some cases, the power grid capacity is required to be no greater than

25%–30% of that of the distribution transformer. If the power grid capacity exceeds

the 25%–30% of that of the distribution transformer, the PV energy needs to be delivered to a power grid with a higher capacity.

− Distribution transformer: The transformer already exists. According to the power

distribution specifications, the N cable is connected to the PE cable on the

transformer side. There is voltage between the DC cable and the PE cable. If the PV– to the ground is short-circuited, short-circuit may occur inside the inverter.

− Output power cable: The N cable must be used. All low-voltage grid-tied standards

are based on the N cable. If the N cable is not used, it will be difficult to meet the

single-phase islanding requirements.

− Communication: Use RS485 or PLC for communication based on the actual situation.

− RCD protection: As the N cable and PE cable are connected, if the impedance of the

input to the PE cable becomes lower, residual current will exist. According to the

requirements in standards, the RCD is used to protect against personal injuries and

fire.

− PID protection: If the PID module is required in a low-voltage grid-tied scenario, an isolation transformer must be installed before the grid-feeding point.

Devices in the low-voltage grid-tied scenario

Table 4-1 Devices in the low-voltage grid-tied scenario

Input PV panel

Output Three-phase low-voltage power grid (phase voltage: 220/230 V AC)

Configurations Inverter: SUN2000-8–20/33KTL

AC PDC (An AC switch is required for each inverter output, and the

switch is generally provided by the system integrator.)

(Optional) EMI, which is provided by the system integrator.

Distribution transformer (local power distribution grid)

Monitoring See sections 4.4 "Smart PV Power Plant Monitoring Networking

Solutions" and 4.5 "4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution") and chapter 5 "FusionSolar Smart PV Management System".

4.3 Medium-Voltage Grid-tied Scenario System composition





36

Figure 4-2 Medium-voltage grid-tied scenario

In the medium-voltage grid-tied scenario:

− On-grid unit: Generally, 1–2 MW PV panels form an on-grid unit. The transformer

high-voltage side voltage is generally 10 kV or 35 kV. Communication data needs to

be connected to the central monitoring room through the monitoring network (fiber ring network, 3G/4G router, 4G LTE dedicated network).

− Booster power station: In most cases, large-sized PV power plants require a booster station that boosts 35 kV to 110 kV or 220 kV.

− Step-up transformer: In most cases, the N cable is not connected to the PE cable and

there is no residual current circuit. There is no voltage between the DC side and the PE cable. Therefore, a discharge current will not be formed through the inverter.

− Output power cable: The AC side mostly uses the delta connection without the N cable.

− Communication: PLC is recommended for communication.

Devices in the medium-voltage grid-tied scenario

Table 4-2 Devices in the medium-voltage grid-tied scenario

Input PV panel

Output Medium-voltage power grid (6–35 kV)

Configurations Inverter: SUN2000-28/40KTL (low-voltage side: 480 V AC)

AC PDC

(Optional) EMI, which is provided by the system integrator.

(Optional) PID module

(Optional) Communications cabinet





37

Input PV panel

Step-up transformer (provided by the system integrator)

Pooling station devices, including the switch station and AGC/SVG

(provided by the system integrator)

Monitoring See sections 4.4 "Smart PV Power Plant Monitoring Networking

Solutions" and 4.5 "4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution") and chapter 5 "FusionSolar Smart PV Management System".

4.4 Smart PV Power Plant Monitoring Networking Solutions

Inverters inside the power plant arrays can use RS485 (applies to all SUN2000 inverter

models) or PLC (applies to SUN2000-33/40KTL) for communication. A power plant mostly

uses the fiber ring network, 3G router, or 4G LTE dedicated network for communication. Six

solutions are available for power plant-level monitoring networking. For large-sized power

plants, the PLC+4G LTE dedicated network solution is recommended for better

cost-effectiveness and reliability. For scenarios in unsuitable for routing optical fiber, the 4G

LTE dedicated network solution is recommended.

4.4.1 RS485+Fiber Ring Network Solution

Solution topology





38

Figure 4-3 Topology of the RS485+fiber ring network solution

If the box-type transformer supports the Modbus protocol, the SmartLogger can connect to the box-type transformer over RS485. The box-type transformer with the inverter or the transformer alone can be connected to one RS485 port of the SmartLogger. If the box-type transformer supports the IEC103 protocol, it can connect to the RS485 or RS232 port of the SmartLogger. It is recommended that the box-type transformer alone be connected to the RS485 port.

Application scenarios

− Applies to all SUN2000 PV inverters.

− Applies to large-sized ground power plants, a few mountain power plants suitable for

routing optical fiber, and industrial base rooftop power plant projects for which optical fibers are planned or cable trenches are available.

Solution features

− Broad optical fiber frequency and large communication capacity

− Long communication distance of the selected single-mode fiber (SMF): 1–20 km

− High communication reliability and superb anti-electromagnetic interference

capability offered by optical fiber. The raw materials of optical fiber consist of insulator materials made of quartz, which are difficult to corrode and provide good





39

insulation. An important feature related to optical fiber is that optical wavefiber is

immune to electromagnetic interference. Optical fiber is not affected by thunder,

ionosphere change, or sunspot activities in the natural environment or manual electromagnetic interference.

Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) for devices

Table 4-3 MOQ for devices in the RS485+fiber ring network solution

No. Device

1* Communications cabinet

2 Data collector

3 Huawei ring network switch

4 ATB

5 Pigtail

* If there is no communications cabinet in a project, other devices listed in the MOQ are

installed in the box-type transformer in most cases.

4.4.2 RS485+4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution

Solution topology





40

Figure 4-4 RS485+4G LTE solution topology



− A 4G LTE dedicated network in standard configuration applies to a power plant with

a distance less than 10 km. If the distance is longer, signals cannot cover the power plant and additional devices are required.

− The solution applies to power plants in mountainous areas, which are unsuitable for

routing optical fiber or power plants in the industrial base where multiple factory

rooftops are unsuitable for routing optical fiber.

Solution features

− Quick deployment, a coverage of 10 km by a single power plant, 60 Mbit/s

bandwidth provided by each base station (three sectors), no trench required for burying optical cables





41

− Low delay, high security, wireless end-to-end transmission delay less than 50 ms,

safety and reliability of carrier-class devices reaching up to 99.999%

− Easy O&M (flat network), channels that support maintenance, reducing communication interruption caused by device faults

MOQ for devices

Table 4-4 MOQ for devices in the RS485+LTE network solution

No. Device

1 Communications cabinet

2 Data collector

3 PoE power source

4 CPE terminal

5 4G LTE devices (see xxx for details)


installed in the box-type transformer in most cases.

4.4.3 PLC+4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution

Solution topology





42

Figure 4-5 PLC+4G LTE solution topology

If the box-type transformer supports the Modbus protocol, the SmartLogger can connect to the box-type

transformer over RS485. The box-type transformer with the inverter or the transformer alone can be connected to one RS485 port of the SmartLogger. If the box-type transformer supports the IEC103 protocol, it can connect to the RS485 or RS232 port of the SmartLogger. It is recommended that the box-type transformer alone be connected to the RS485 port.


− The PLC networking applies only to the SUN2000-33KTL and SUN2000-40KTL.

− A 4G LTE dedicated network in standard configuration applies to a power plant with

a distance less than 10 km. If the distance is longer, signals cannot cover the power plant and additional devices are required.





43

− The solution applies to power plants in mountainous areas, which are unsuitable for

routing optical fiber or power plants in which multiple factory rooftops are unsuitable for routing optical fiber.

Solution features

− No RS485 communications cables required, improving communication reliability and efficiency

− Quick deployment, a coverage of 10 km by a single 4G LTE network, 60 Mbit/s

bandwidth provided by each base station (three sectors), no trench required for burying optical cables

− Low delay, high security, wireless end-to-end transmission delay less than 50 ms, safety and reliability of carrier-class devices reaching up to 99.999%

− Easy O&M (flat network), channels that support maintenance, reducing communication interruption caused by device faults

MOQ for devices

Table 4-5 MOQ for devices in the PLC+LTE network solution

No. Device


2 Data collector

3 PLC module

4 PoE power source

5 CPE terminal

6 4G LTE devices (see xxx for details)


mostly installed in the box-type transformer.

4.4.4 PLC+Fiber Ring Network Solution

Solution topology





44

Figure 4-6 Topology of the PLC+fiber ring network solution




− The maximum Ethernet communication distance between the power plant monitoring

room and the data collector exceeds 100 m.





45

Solution features

− PLC used for communication and therefore no RS485 communications cables

required, improving communication reliability and efficiency

− Broad optical fiber frequency and large communication capacity. The optical fiber provides much higher transmission bandwidth than copper or electrical cables

− Long communication distance of the selected SMF: 1–20 km

− High communication reliability and superb anti-electromagnetic interference

capability offered by optical fiber. The raw materials of optical fiber consist of

insulator materials made of quartz, which are difficult to corrode and provide good

insulation. An important feature related to optical fiber is that optical wavefiber is

immune to electromagnetic interference. Optical fiber is not affected by thunder,

ionosphere change, or sunspot activities in the natural environment or manual

electromagnetic interference.

MOQ for devices

Table 4-6 MOQ for devices in the PLC+fiber ring network solution

No. Device


2 Data collector

3 Ring network switch

4 ATB

5 Pigtail

6 PLC module



4.4.5 RS485+3G Solution

Solution topology





46

Figure 4-7 RS485+3G solution topology


− The 3G network signal (such as by China Mobile, China Unicom, or China Telecom) is available.

− Wireless communication is available in places where wired communication such as

Ethernet is unavailable.

− The monitoring sites are dispersed and away from each other or on factory or

residential block rooftops that are unsuitable for routing optical fiber.

Solution features

− There is no limit on the communications distance.

− Data traffic fees need to be paid to 3G operators (such as China Mobile, China Unicom, or China Telecom) by month or by year.

− The monitoring background system can be the Huawei NetEco or a third-party

electrical supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. If a third-party

electrical SCADA system is used, data between the SmartLogger and the SCADA system is transmitted using plaintext and SSL encryption is not supported.

− The server or PC on which the monitoring background system is to be installed must have a fixed public network IP address.

MOQ for devices





47

Table 4-7 MOQ for devices in the RS485+3G network solution

No. Device


2 Data collector

3 3G router power supply

4 (choose one from three) 3G router (China Unicom) **

3G router (China Mobile)

3G router (China Telecom)

5 (choose one from three) 3G data card (China Unicom)

3G data card (China Mobile)

3G data card (China Telecom)



** The China Unicom 3G router is recommended.

4.4.6 PLC+3G Solution

Solution topology





48

Figure 4-8 PLC+3G solution topology


− The 3G network signal (such as by China Mobile, China Unicom, or China Telecom)

is available.

− Wireless communication is available in places where wired communication such as Ethernet is unavailable.

− The monitoring sites are dispersed and away from each other or on factory or residential block rooftops that are unsuitable for routing optical fiber.


Solution features

− There is no limit on the communications distance.

− Data traffic fees need to be paid to 3G operators (such as China Mobile, China Unicom, or China Telecom) by month or by year.





49

− The monitoring background system can be the Huawei NetEco or a third-party

electrical SCADA system. If a third-party electrical SCADA system is used, data

between the SmartLogger and the SCADA system is transmitted using plaintext and SSL encryption is not supported.

− The server or PC on which the monitoring background system is to be installed must

have a fixed public network IP address.

MOQ for devices

Table 4-8 MOQ for devices in the PLC+3G network solution

No. Device


2 Data collector

3 PLC module

4 3G router power supply

5 (choose one from three) 3G router (China Unicom)

3G router (China Mobile)

3G router (China Telecom)

6 (choose one from three) 3G data card (China Unicom)

3G data card (China Mobile)

3G data card (China Telecom)



4.5 4G LTE Dedicated Network Solution

Refer to this section only when the 4G LTE dedicated network solution is selected.

4.5.1 Frequency Band

The 1.8 GHz frequency band (1785–1805 MHz) is supported, and the frequency bandwidth

can be 5 MHz, 10 MHz, or 20 MHz (recommended).

4.5.2 Frequency Band Application

The LTE dedicated frequency band needs to be applied for from the wireless management

committee in the project area before it can be used. In most cases, lease fees are required for

the frequency band use. According to the notice on the charge for frequency band usage for

new wireless services released by China's National Development and Reform Commission,

the frequency band usage fee required for each base station is 150 RMB. The process for

applying for a frequency band is as follows:





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4.5.3 Performance

When the frequency bandwidth is 20 MHz, the maximum downlink rate per cell is 100 Mbps;

and the maximum uplink rate is 50 Mbps, and the average uplink rate is 18 Mbps.

4.5.4 Distributed Architecture and Coverage Distance

A distributed base station separates the remote radio unit (RRU) from the baseband unit

(BBU). The RRU and BBU are connected using optical fiber. This minimizes the feeder loss

and helps improve the coverage area of the base station. The base station can cover a radius of

7 km in flat and open areas and cover a radius of 3 km in mountainous areas. The specific

coverage area needs to be determined based on the site survey results. The RRU is no longer

limited to the equipment room. It supports flexible installation modes, such as pole-mounted

or wall-mounted. The BBU can be installed in the APM30H outdoor cabinet or in the N610E

indoor integrated power and device cabinet.





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4.5.5 Site Types

The LTE transmission system uses the BBU530 and supports two cells in basic configuration

and supports a maximum of 12 cells.

The LTE transmission system uses the 1.8 GHz 4T4R RRU. A 4T4R RRU can be used as two

2T2R RRUs (a 4T4R RRU supports two sectors/cells). Three cells require two RRUs. One

sector requires an antenna. The coverage area of each antenna is 90–120 degrees. Antennas

need to be pole-mounted. When pole-mounted 12 meters above the ground, antennas can

cover about 5 km in open areas. The specific height for pole-mounting antennas needs to be

determined based on the site survey results. The following table describes configuration of a

base station for a power plant.

Site Type/Quantity BBU RRU Antenna (= Sector)

Recommended PV Power Plant Capacity

S1 1 1 1 20 MW

S11 1 1 or 2 2 100 MW

S111 1 2 3 200 MW

S1 site type: A sector is used with the directional antenna. The coverage angle is 90–120 degrees.

S11 site type: Two 2T2R directional antennas are used. Two sectors are supported. The

coverage angle is 180–240 degrees. The S11 site is typically used in PV power plants.

When the frequency bandwidth is 20 MHz, the uplink rate can reach 38–48 Mbps. The

two sectors can be deployed by one RRU or by two RRUs. The actual deployment needs to be determined based on the site requirements.

S111 site type (not commonly used): Four sectors are used with the antenna. The S111

site applies to PV power plants. When the frequency bandwidth is 20 MHz, the uplink

rate can reach 72–90 Mbps. In most cases, an S111 base station consists of a BBU and

two RRUs. The BBU requires an additional baseband board, and the two RRUs can be deployed separately based on the location requirements.





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4.5.6 4G LTE Dedicated Network Base Station Devices

No. Device Model

Description Mandatory/Optional

Quantity Configuration Description

1 Smart PV power plant

broadband wireless

data transmission

system

2 Data transmission

control center

3 PV_eBB

U

PV broadband wireless

BBU

Mandatory 1 One set is required, including one

BBU530 that supports three cells

and the BBU auxiliary material bag.

If more than three cells need to be

supported, baseband boards need to be added.

3 PV_DCe

RRU


RRU (DC)

Mandatory

(choose at

least one from two)

m The RRU contains one 1.8 GHz

4T4R RRU3232 that uses DC

power supply and the RRU

auxiliary material bag. It supports

two 2T2R sectors. Configure the

RRU based on the number of

sectors required.

3 PV_ACe

RRU


RRU (AC)

m The RRU contains one 1.8 GHz

4T4R RRU3232 that uses AC

power supply and the RRU

auxiliary material bag. It supports

two 2T2R sectors. Configure the

RRU based on the number of

sectors required. AC RRUs and DC

RRUs can co-exist.

3 PV_DirA

ntenna


base station directional antenna

Mandatory m Configure an antenna for each

sector.

3 PV_ePwr

Cab

PV broadband

integrated power and device cabinet

Mandatory 1 Configure one integrated cabinet.

The 2.2 m high cabinet can be

equipped with one set of core

network devices, one BBU, two

switches or routers, one eOMC

server, one recording server, one

disk array, and one dispatching

console. The cabinet power source

01060768 is required to supply

power to the core network devices

and BBUs. The DC distribution unit

(DCDU) 01060769 is required to

supply power to BBUs and RRUs.





53

No. Device Model



3 PV_ETP

48300

PV broadband power

module in the indoor

cabinet

Mandatory 1 Install the power module in the

01060774 large indoor cabinet. The

power module is directly delivered by Huawei.

3 PV_DCD

U03B

PV broadband DCDU Mandatory 1 Install the DCDU in the 01060774

large indoor cabinet. The DCDU is directly delivered by Huawei.

3 PV_eSCN

PV broadband wireless core network devices

Mandatory m Core network devices include one

set of 4 U high core network

hardware SCN230 and basic

auxiliary material bag. Configure

one set of core network devices

when there is one base station is

required for one power plant.

Configure two sets of core network

devices if the production data is

separated from the safety protection

data or in active/standby scenarios,

and configure three sets in

active/standby scenarios where the

production data is separated from

the safety protection data. It is

recommended that one set of core

network devices be deployed. If

customers require partitioning,

configure two sets to separate production from management.

3 PV_eOM

C-PC

PV broadband smart

network management PC

Optional m Configure desktop PCs (can be

prepared by customers) or servers.

The number of PCs required is the

same as the number of core network device sets.

PCs also need to be configured in

the broadband cluster control center

and the expanded dispatching

console. The PCs are directly delivered by Huawei.

3 PV_eSwi

tch

PV broadband router Optional

(choose one

from two)

m Common 24-port FE/GE port. The

number of switches to be

configured is the same as the

number of set of core network

devices. If the customers already

prepared the switches, do not

configure switches. The switches are directly delivered by Huawei.

3 PV_eRou

ter

PV broadband router m The router is recommended.

Configure routers in active/standby

scenarios or when the Tunnel





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No. Device Model



protocol is required, to substitute for

switches. The number of routers to

be configured is the same as the

number of set of core network

devices. The routers are directly delivered by Huawei.

3 PV_Pole

ASM


base station pole

Mandatory m It is recommended that customers

prepare poles. The pole code can be

obtained from TD Tech.

Alternatively, maintenance and

service personnel can apply for a

temporary code. Install an antenna

on each pole. Select 1 m, 3 m, or 6

m poles based on the site survey

results. The number of poles

required is the same as the number

of antennas. The RRU and an antenna can share a pole.

3 PV_ePwr

ODCab

PV broadband outdoor

power and device

cabinet

Optional m When the base station (BBU/RRU)

is more than 100 m away from the

central control room, configure an

outdoor cabinet to supply power to

the BBU and RRU. The outdoor

cabinet is directly delivered by

Huawei.

3 PV_Node

B-SW_00


system software

Mandatory 1 Configure one set of the software.

The software includes the base

station basic function software, six

sector software, 20 MHz frequency

band software, network

management software, and core

network basic software. A

maximum of 500 core network

subscribers can access the software

and the core network sector access

software supports a maximum of six

sectors (the scenario with two S111 base stations is supported).

3 PV_Node

B-SW_01


system software

(capacity expansion to double areas)

Optional 1 Configure a set of the software

when dual areas are required to

separate the production data from

the safety protection data. The set

includes the network management

software, double area software, and

core network basic software. A

maximum of 450 core network

subscribers are allowed to access

the software.





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No. Device Model



2 Wireless data access

system

3 PV_CPE PV broadband wireless data access terminal

Mandatory m Configure a CPE for each array and

a CPE for each camera. The CPE

includes the PoE power supply,

software, and basic auxiliary

material bag. The CPE enclosure

can be used as the plate antenna.

The number of CPEs must be the

same as the number of cameras.

Determine the number of CPEs

required based on the safety

protection requirements of the

project.

1 Smart PV power plant

broadband cluster communication system

2 Cluster communication

control center

3 PV_Med

Crtl


cluster communication control center

Mandatory 1 Configure one set of the control

center. The control center includes

the dispatching server, PC used for

installing the dispatching console

software (the PC is equipped with a

speaker, PPT microphone, and an

MRS610 recorder). If there are

multimedia requirements, configure

one set of the control center per

power plant. A maximum of 40

dispatching consoles are supported.

The control center configured to

meet multimedia requirements

includes a dispatching console and a

1.2 TB hard disk. The control center

also includes the base station cluster

software (supports 10 sectors), core

network cluster software,

dispatching server software,

dispatching console software, video

concurrency software (supports 100

D1, 50 720P, or 25 1080P video

channels) that supports four D1, two

720P, or one 1080P concurrent

video channel and 20 audio

channels. A PC is required for the control center.

3 PV_eOMC-PC

PV broadband smart

network management

Optional 1 The PC can be prepared by users or

share a PC with the NMS. It is used





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No. Device Model



PC with the cluster communication

control center to display video data.

The PC is directly delivered by Huawei.

3 PV_Med

VisAud

PV broadband

multimedia voice and

video decoder

Optional m Configure the decoder when videos

need to be projected onto a screen.

The decoder can decode videos

from 16 D1, eight 720P, or four 1080P channels.

3 PV_Med

CrtlExt

PV broadband

multimedia control

expanded dispatching console

Optional m Each dispatching console supports

16 D1, eight 720P, or four 1080P

video channels. A PC is required for the dispatching console.

3 PV_eOM

C-PC

PV bandwidth smart

network management PC

m The PC is used with the expanded

dispatching console to display

videos. The PC is directly delivered

by Huawei.

3 PV_Disk

Ext12

Twelve PV broadband

expanded disk arrays

Optional 1 The device twelve 1.2 TB hard

disks. The hard disks can store 720P

videos from eight channels for 2.25 months.

3 PV_Disk

Ext20

Twenty PV broadband

expanded disk arrays

Optional 1 The device twenty 1.2 TB hard

disks. The hard disks can store 720P

videos from eight channels for 3.75 months.

2 Cluster communication

handheld terminal

3 PV_Mobi

le


cluster multimedia

handheld terminal

Optional m The terminal is a 1080P handheld

terminal used for inspection.

Configure a minimum of three

handheld terminals and configure

one more for each additional 5 MW.

The terminals must be configured

when the cluster function is required.

The quantity m varies depending on the application scenario and customer requirements.

CPE terminals support various external IP cameras. However, if cameras need to be accessed and controlled by the TD Tech dispatching console, the following cameras are supported:

− Tested and verified Huawei cameras (UC&C products): integrated box camera IPC6111-L1-I

(02410761, supports 1.4 G/1.8 G, see the product documentation for details), box camera IPC6121-I (02410756), and dome camera IPC6521-Z20-I (02410804).

− Hikvision camera DS-2DF5284-A





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For details about the base station devices, see the Huawei Smart PV Power Plant Broadband

Wireless System Configuration Manual.


Descritpion 5 FusionSolar Smart PV Management System



58

5 FusionSolar Smart PV Management System

5.1 FusionSolar Smart PV Management System

5.1.1 Introduction

The monitoring and management system is usually deployed locally for PV power plants.

Major monitoring and production management operations are performed on the power plant

side. However, as plant owners increase the scale, PV power plants may cover hundreds of

power stations in China or even across the globe. Against the backdrop of increasing PV

power plant scale, problems brought by single plant operation, for example, the cost is high,

data cannot be shared, and the plant operating quality cannot be evaluated, become prominent.

The demand for a centralized operation and maintenance center is becoming stronger. The

operation of multiple power plants poses higher requirements for automatic operation

monitoring and production management, plant operation evaluation and maintenance,

networking, and system reliability. To address the preceding PV power plant development

trends and customers' requirements, Huawei launched the FusionSolar smart PV management

system, which features the following:

Implements centralized management and O&M for multiple power plants based on the

centralized management and O&M in cloud computing.

Implements intelligent O&M and analysis based on big data analysis, increasing energy yield for power plants.

Improves O&M efficiency by adopting the new operation and maintenance mode that covers professional PV terminals and app.

Improves data transmission reliability, deployment flexibility, and system scalability by

using the innovated transmission and networking solutions, the LTE broadband

transmission and PLC technologies.





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Smart O&M Cloud Center ePMS720

The smart O&M cloud center ePMS720 enables customers to efficiently manage their global

power plants in a centralized way, thereby improving power plant management and O&M

efficiency, increasing energy yields, and reducing management costs. The ePMS720 performs

the following functions:

Manages data of dozens of GW and hundreds of power plants, stores hundreds of TB

data for 25 years, and implements the sound rights control and authentication mechanisms to ensure data security.

Supports access of multiple power plants and addition of new power plants, manages

power plants in different places across the globe as local logical power plants, and

analyzes the completion of the annual and monthly energy yield plans and O&M investment to help executives in decision and analysis.

Summarizes the production data of multiple power plants for converged analysis to form

a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) across different power plants. The KPIs are

used to evaluate the operation and health status of the power plants so that the weak points can be found and optimization suggestions can be raised.

Power Plant Production Management System ePMS710

The power plant production management system ePMS710 manages production operation and

routine office work in electronic and mobile way to improve plant management and operation

efficiency. The ePMS710 performs the following functions:

Manages tickets in electronic and mobile way, shortening ticket handling time and reducing energy yield loss due to faults.

Implements O&M analysis and equipment evaluation to precisely analyze and evaluate personnel, equipment, and events, thereby improving O&M efficiency.

Power Plant Monitoring System eSCS910

The power plant monitoring system eSCS910 monitors and manages PV pooling stations and

PV electricity generation equipment in real time to promptly and precisely locate faults,

thereby improving power plant O&M efficiency. The eSCS910 performs the following

functions:





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Uses a string solution to monitor strings at high precision and rapidly identify faulty

modules.

Locates faults precisely, analyzes associative alarms, and provides alarm handling suggestions to help onsite personnel easily locate and analyze faults.

Implements real-time monitoring based on the physical locations of equipment, logical topology, and electric wiring diagram. Monitoring data is displayed.

PV Terminal and O&M App

The PV terminal and O&M app (require the support of the eLTE smart PV broadband

transmission system) provide mobile O&M and inspection methods:

Provide multiple service functions, such as the power plant list, alarm management,

alarm query, ticket management, asset management, and operating reports, to support power plant O&M.

Provide a new mobile O&M mode without location limitations to enable mobile and

electronic operation and work tickets, improving O&M efficiency.

FusionSolar App

The FusionSolar app allows users to query the group and plant KPIs using a mobile phone.

Shows the layout of all power plants in the group and the plant operating status, provides

various operating data to plant managers, such as electricity generation reports, energy

yield statistical analysis, plant operating analysis, device operating analysis, and O&M

evaluation.

Allows investors to have access to the operating status and results of power plants.

5.1.2 FusionSolar Devices

For details about the FusionSolar devices, see the following documents:

FusionSolar V200R001C00 IES2.0 Smart PV Power Plant Management System Configuration Manual

FusionSolar V200R001C00 Management System IES2.0 Configuration List

FusionSolar Smart PV Management System Product Description

5.2 NetEco 1000S Smart PV Power Plant Management System

5.2.1 Introduction

As a plant-level monitoring solution, NetEco 1000S can run on the Windows operating

system and can be accessed through a web browser. You can log in to NetEco 1000S using

any PC with Internet access. NetEco 1000S enables you to monitor the KPIs and alarms of the

PV inverters in real time and remotely control and manage the inverters. NetEco 1000S can

be connected to a maximum of 1500 devices. It is smart and flexible. It allows mobile smart

terminals to access it at any time and sends alarms and energy yield reports. NetEco 1000S is

stable and reliable. It implements rights- and domain-based management. You can also access

the NetEco 1000S app using a mobile phone or tablet running an OS later than Android 4.0 or

an iPhone or iPad running an iOS later than iOS 5.0.





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5.2.2 MOQ for NetEco 1000S Devices

No. Model Description Quantity Remarks

OSS

1 iManager NetEco 1000S 1

Terminal

2 NATHLON21 Desktop PC-A6-5400B (3.6 GB

or higher)-4G-500 GB or

later-DVDRW-integrated

network card-Gigabit network

card-integrated audio

card-built-in sound box-21.5"

widescreen LCD or

higher-English version Windows 7 Professional 64-bit

1 Recommended

PC configurations

For details, see the iManager NetEco 1000S User Manual.


Descritpion 6 Reference



62

6 Reference

1. SUN2000 AC PDC User Manual

2. Always Available for Highest Yields - Huawei Smart PV Plant Solution

3. Smart PV Ground Power Plant Monitoring Solution Design Guide

4. FusionSolar Smart PV Management System Product Description

5. Ground Smart PV Power Plant Design Solution

6. FusionSolar V200R001C00 IES2.0 Smart PV Power Plant Management System Configuration Manual

7. FusionSolar V200R001C00 Management System IES2.0 Configuration List

8. SUN2000 (8KTL–28KTL) Product Description

9. SUN2000 Communications Cabinet (PID) User Manual

10. Huawei AR550-Series Industrial Switching Router Brochure

11. Huawei Smart PV Power Plant Broadband Wireless System Configuration Manual

12. iManager NetEco 1000S User Manual

13. SmartLogger1000 User Manual

14. Smart PV Power Plant Solution Product Catalog - Japanese Version

Descritpion - HUAWEI PV Plant...Installation and commissioning engineers ... System maintenance...

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