Describe nouns (person, place, thing or ideas.) Usually ... · PDF fileDescribe nouns (person,...
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Describe nouns (person, place, thing or ideas.)
Usually comes before a noun. Answers the questions:How many?What kind?Which one?How much?
She’s Kind
It’s Loyal
He’s Clever
It’s Patient
He’s Generous
He’s Helpful
He’ s Funny
He’s Shy
She’s Strict
Only Qualifying adjectives may be compared.The comparison is performed for:
A. InferiorityB. EqualityC. Superiority
The points A and C above take three "Degrees of Comparison", as follows:
POSITIVE SUPERLATIVE COMPARATIVE
POSITIVE
no comparison is performed
Example:The tall man went into the restaurant.The word tall is an adjective. It describes the noun, man.
It is very common to use adjectives with nouns.Adjectives are used to describe the noun.
COMPARATIVE simple comparison
What are comparative adjectives?•Comparative adjectives are used to clarify the difference between 2 objects/nouns.•Comparative adjectives are used to compare 2 nouns.To state that one noun has more of something then the 2nd noun.•Add “-er” to the ending of the adjective OR add “more” before the beginning of the adjective.
Examples:The black dog is older than the white dog.My house is bigger than my sister's house.The yellow hat is more expensive than the green hat.
SUPERLATIVE
Relative Absolute
qualities related to others qualities of all
•Add “-est” to the ending of the adjective or “most” to the beginning of the adjective.
Examples:The summer is the hottest time of the year. Your family is the nicest that I have ever met.
A - Comparison with -er/-est
How to Use Comparative Adjectives and Superlative Adjectives
We use -er/-est with the following adjectives:1- adjectives with one syllable
cleanestcleanerclean
newestnewernew
cheapestcheapercheap
2- adjectives with two syllables and the following endings:
OR adjectives with two syllables, ending in -y
dirtiestdirtierdirty
easiesteasiereasy
happiesthappierhappy
prettiestprettierpretty
OR adjectives with two syllables, ending in –er
cleverestclevererclever
OR adjectives with two syllables, ending in -le
simplestsimplersimple
OR adjectives with two syllables, ending in -ow
narrowestnarrowernarrow
• Comparison with more/less – most/least
•difficult- most/least difficult•honest – most/least honest•modern – most/least modern
•expensive – most/leastexpensive•comfortable – most/least comfortable
•difficult- more/less difficult•honest – more/less honest•modern – more/less modern
•expensive – more/lessexpensive•comfortable - more /lesscomfortable
"more/less - most/least"is used for words that :•have 2 syllables, if the word doesn't end in -y.
*have 3 or more syllables
C -Irregular adjectives
bestbettergood
worstworsebad
uncountable nounsmostmoremuch
countable nounsmostmoremany
leastlesslittle
smallestsmallerlittle
D - Special adjectivesSome adjectives have two possible forms of comparison.
commonest / most commoncommoner / more commoncommon
likeliest / most likelylikelier / more likelylikely
pleasantest / most pleasantpleasanter / more pleasantpleasant
politest / most politepoliter / more politepolite
simplest / most simplesimpler / more simplesimple
stupidest / most stupidstupider / more stupidstupid
subtlestsubtler / more subtlesubtle
surest / most suresurer / more suresure
Difference in meaning with adjectives:
distancefarthestfartherfar distance or
timefurthestfurther
latestlater
late xlatter
lastx
people and thingsoldestolderold
people (family(eldestelder
distancenearestnearernear
ordernextx
Prepared by: Samah EidReferences :http://www.englisch-hilfen.dehttp://www.corollarytheorems.com/Grammarhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Adjectives/Adjectives_Page.htm