Describe Biodeterioration
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Transcript of Describe Biodeterioration
Describe
BIODETERIORATION
b.stev
AN undesired change to
the property in
material/s caused by
SOME organismsThe impact on the materials listed and a method of prevention follow
metals
What is it?
timber
glass
concrete
rubber
textiles
stone
fuels
MOIST wood CAN grow cellular fungus ROT : dark brown spots
INSECTS: termites/ boers gnaw
MARINE BOERS: piles of the structures : hulls of wooden ships/ boats
MOLDS: threat in damp regions
MICROBES: draw at the wood
TIMBER TREATMENT
necessary to sustain wood
CUT LOGS converted timber preservative spray: 2-3mths storage
PESTICIDES: vacuum under pressure
most common treatment/s: BORON (pink)
PERMETHRIN PLUS (blue)
WOOD manufactured: exposure LIFE
(NZ timber preservation council, 2004)
ALL stages: process & storage
FUNGI: most common biodeteriorantCauses : - breaks in the molecules - elongation of thread - loss in strength - discolouration
TEXTILES
resist light /humidity
affinity to fabric
low toxicity
colour - less
odour - less
cost effective
BIOCIDES used need ability:
(Studentsguide.in, 2008)
H2O in fuel systemssystems allows microbe growth
CAUSES ECONOMIC LOSS & IS HAZARDOUS
fuels:
& are
microbes
THAT CAUSE THESE DEFECTS: ALSO
: a fungus in KEROSENE
Hormoconis resinal
Psuedomonas
Desulfovibrio
some MOULDS thrive > stickiness
(viscosity): roads/ asphalt /
pipe linings
organoboron isothiazolones
can be added:
controls bio-deterioration >bio-deterioration >FUEL
AVIATION fuels tanks drained
before flight
this rids collected H2OH2O
carries microbes
(Institute for energy and environment, 2008)
Glass
GLASS made with:
silica sand - silica(silicon dioxide) soda ash - sodium carbonate limestone - calcium carbonate
PREVENT CORROSIONPREVENT CORROSION
WASH regularly to maintain:
o Sponge rubrub & hot soapy soapy water
o Soft bristlesbristles ALSO if needed
o Wipe clean with rubber slide
(Martin.S.V, 2001)
Stone
Biodeteriorants to stone are: Microbes, Fungi,
Algae, Lichens & MossesWET/DRY cycles of the TROPICS :loosens & fragments stone. THEN -IS susceptible to biochemical factors
Detachment of materials
SHOW as:
Black/brown crust
Exfoliation
Plant roots cause damage
DiscolourationWhite/gray powder
White fluoroescence
Stains
PatchesPitting
Cracks
ERADICATION is in 2 STEPS:
one week: KILLS growth
BRUSH off - bristle brush.
TREATMENT: inhibit growth.
New
TO PRESERVE
NEW cleaned stone: pre-treat pre-treat BIOCIDE & H2O repellent
INHIBITS ATTACK:drainage systemsperiodic cleaning And resurfacing.
o ADD TOXIC SOLVENTS cleaning : scours off grime
o cleaning : add BIOCIDE > dibutyltin dilaurate
(Kumar. R. and Kumar. A.V, 1999)
PROTECTIVE COATINGS & BIOCIDES ARE USED
Concrete
3-5% fluorosilicate acid painted/ sprayed
45-50% solution - white spirit applied 1/2 coats : BIOCIDAL
4-6% solution - synthetic resins ie: polyesters/ epoxides : FUNICIDAL
(NAHB Research Center , 2008)
ALSO USED : COPPER NAPTHALENE
PENTACHLOROPHENOL
POROUSPOROUS/ HH22OO-SATURATED CONCRETE - SCALES the
H2O inside freezesfreezesH2O carries many CHEMICALSCHEMICALS acids/ sulfates/ chlorides
INSULATIVE ELECTRICAL CABLE DECAY IS A HAZARD
BURIED CABLES: electrical, communication, sealing rings of sewage pipes
(Students guide.in, 2008)
Metals:Metals:
corrosivcorrosivee (Students guide.in, 2008)
Bibliography
Martin.S.V. (2001). How glass is made. Retrieved August 26, 2008, from http//:www.texasglass.com/glass_facts/How_Glass_made.htm
Maruthamuthu .S. (2008). Role of air microbes on atmospheric corrosion. Retrieved August 26, 2008 from http//: www.ias.ac.in/currsci/f eb102008/359.pdf
NAHB Research Center . (2008). Can water cause deterioration of concrete. Retrieved August 28, 2008, from http//: www.toolbase.org/Toolbase Resources/level4FAQ.aspx?ContentDetailID=3547&BucketID=5& =25 - 18k
Forest Research NZ. (2008). Timber preservation. Retrieved August 19, 2008 from, http//: www.nzic.org.nz/ChemProcesses/forestry /4B.pdf -
Kumar. R. and Kumar. A.V. (1999). Biodeterioration of stone in tropical environments. Retrieved August 19, 2008, from http//:www.getty. edu/conservation/publications/pdf_publications/biodeterioration.pdf
Institute for energy and environment. (2008). Microorganisms that convert hydrocarbons to natural gas. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from http//: www. poweronline.com/article.mvc/Microorganisms-That-Convert- Hydrocarbons-0001 - 31k -
ASTM International. (2008). Standard guide for microbial contamination in fuels. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from http//: www.astm.org/Standards /D6469.htm
NZ timber preservation council. (2004). Hazard class description. Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http//: www.nztpc.co.nz/hazardClass Description.php
Wood processors association of NZ. (2008). Timber Treatment. Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http//: www.wpa.org.nz/Site/Issues/Timber _Treatment.aspx - 9k -
Students guide.in. (2008). Biodeterioration, microbial deterioration, microorganisms, enzymes. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http//:www.studentsguide. in/microbiology/biodegradation-bioremediation-biodeterioration/biodeter ioration.htm
Morton. G. (2003). Aug 03 101 156. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http//: www.sgm.ac.uk/pubs/micro_today/pdf/080301.pdf