Department)of)Asian,)Middle)Eastern)and)Turkish)Studies VI ...
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Department of Asian, Middle Eastern and Turkish Studies Japanese VI, SC, 7.5hp, fall semester 2017
Transcript of Department)of)Asian,)Middle)Eastern)and)Turkish)Studies VI ...
Department of Asian, Middle Eastern and Turkish Studies
Japanese VI, SC, 7.5hp, fall semester 2017
Contact Information
Professor Jaqueline Berndt [email protected]
Visiting Professor Christina Nygren Phone:08-‐16 28 99 [email protected]
Senior Lecturer (on leave) Gunnar Linder Phone:08-‐16 37 88 [email protected]
Senior Lecturer Stina Jelbring Phone:08-‐16 14 20 [email protected]
Senior Lecturer Ewa Machotka Phone:08-‐16 32 62 [email protected]
The Department
Visiting Address Kräftriket, buildning 4 (Roslagsvägen 101:4) Stockholm
Posal Address Department of Asian, Middle Eastern and Turkish Studies Stockholm University 106 91 Stockholm
Student Office Visiting address: Kräftriket 4a Phone: 08-‐16 10 35 Fax: 08-‐16 88 10 [email protected]
Webbpage www.su.se/asia/english
Lecturer Mitsuyo Kuwano Lidén, FD Phone:08-‐16 24 96 [email protected]
Lecturer (on leave) Eriko Seto Norrgård Phone:08-‐161421 [email protected]
Lecturer Jorunn Nilsson Phone:08-‐16 36 33 [email protected]
Adjunkt Akiko Shirabe Phone:08-‐16 28 15 [email protected]
Doctoral Student Ida Kirkegaard Phone:08-‐16 15 88 [email protected]
Doctoral Student Andreas Bengtsson Phone:08-‐16 36 32 [email protected]
Head of Department Alberto Tiscornia Phone:08-‐16 49 29 [email protected]
Director of Studies Hanna Kritz Phone:08-‐16 27 22 [email protected]
Assistant Director of Studies Johan Fresk Phone:08-‐16 36 20 [email protected]
Kursplanför kurs på avancerad nivå
Japanska VI
Japanese VI
7.5 Högskolepoäng
7.5 ECTS credits
Kurskod: JKA930
Gäller från: HT 2017
Fastställd: 2015-02-25
Ändrad: 2017-02-22
Institution Institutionen för Asien- Mellanöstern- och Turkietstudier
Huvudområde: Asiens språk och kulturer
Fördjupning: A1N - Avancerad nivå, har endast kurs/er på grundnivå som förkunskapskrav
Beslut
Denna kursplan fastställdes av Humanistiska fakultetsnämnden 2015-02-25, och reviderades senast avinstitutionsstyrelsen vid Institutionen för Asien-, Mellanöstern- och Turkietstudier 2017-02-22.
Förkunskapskrav och andra villkor för tillträde till kursen
Kandidatexamen i Asiens språk och kulturer, examensarbete i japanska. Engelska B/ Engelska 6.
Kursens uppläggning
Provkod Benämning Högskolepoäng
DK01 Japanska VI 7.5
Kursens innehåll
Kursen utvecklar fördjupade färdigheter i japanska på en avancerad nivå genom att lägga tyngdpunkten påmuntliga akademiska färdigheter. Kursen tränar bland annat förmågan att sammanfatta kritiska vetenskapligatexter, ge akademiska presentationer och vara aktiv i diskussioner vid seminarier. Undervisingen sker påjapanska.
Förväntade studieresultat
För godkänt resultat på kursen ska studenten kunna:
- sammanfatta akademiska texter relaterade till studier om Östasien i allmänhet och Japan i synnerhet,skriftligt och muntligt på japanska- genomföra en muntlig presentation med utgångspunkt i centrala frågor inom Japanstudier- argumentera sakligt och välgrundat, på japanska, i en klassrumssituation
Undervisning
Undervisningen ges i form av seminarier.
Närvaro på all undervisning är obligatorisk.
För mer detaljerad information hänvisas till kursbeskrivningen.
Kunskapskontroll och examination
a. Kursen examineras genom aktivt deltagande vid seminarierna, tre korta test relaterade till hur förbereddastudenterna är, en muntlig presentation under kursens gång, samt det skriftliga manus som ligger till grund för
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den muntliga presentationen. Principerna för sammanvägning av de enskilda examinationsuppgifternaframgår av betygskriterierna.
För mer detaljerad information hänvisas till kursbeskrivningen.
b. Betygssättning sker enligt en målrelaterad sjugradig betygsskala: A = Utmärkt, B = Mycket bra, C = Bra, D= Tillfredsställande, E = Tillräckligt, Fx = Otillräckligt, F = Helt otillräckligt.
c. De skriftliga betygskriterierna meddelas studenterna vid kursstart. Meddelade målrelaterade betygskriterierär bindande.
d. För att få slutbetyg på kursen krävs lägst betyget E på samtliga examinationsmoment, samt fullgjordnärvaro om 80%.
Om särskilda skäl föreligger kan examinator efter samråd med ansvarig lärare medge den studerande befrielsefrån skyldigheten att delta i viss obligatorisk undervisning. Studenten kan då åläggas enkompensationsuppgift.
e. För varje kurstillfälle erbjuds ett examinationstillfälle under aktuell termin. Minst ett examinationstillfälleska dessutom erbjudas den termin eller det år som kurstillfälle saknas.
Studerande som fått lägst betyget E får inte genomgå förnyad examination för högre betyg.
Studerande som fått betyget Fx eller F på prov två gånger i rad av en och samma examinator har rätt att fåannan examinator utsedd vid nästkommande prov, om inte särskilda skäl talar emot det. Framställan om dettaska göras till institutionsstyrelsen.
f) Möjlighet till komplettering av betyget Fx upp till godkänt betyg ges inte på denna kurs.
Övergångsbestämmelser
När kursplanen är upphävd har studenten rätt att examineras en gång per termin enligt föreliggande kursplanunder en avvecklingsperiod på tre terminer.
Begränsningar
Kursen får inte tillgodoräknas i examen samtidigt med sådan inom eller utom landet genomgången ochgodkänd kurs vars innehåll helt eller delvis överensstämmer med innehållet i kursen.
Kurslitteratur
För aktuell kurslitteratur hänvisas till institutionens webbplats på www.su.se/asia. Aktuell litteraturlista finnstillgänglig senast två månader före kursstart.
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Syllabusfor course at advanced level
Japanese VI
Japanska VI
7.5 Higher Education
Credits
7.5 ECTS credits
Course code: JKA930
Valid from: Autumn 2017
Date of approval: 2015-02-25
Changed: 2017-02-22
Department Department of Asian, Middle Eastern and Turkish Studies
Main field: Asia:s Languages and Cultures
Specialisation: A1N - Second cycle, has only first-cycle course/s as entry requirements
Decision
This syllabus was developed by the Faculty Boad of Humanities 2015-02-25, and adopted by the Board of theDepartment of Asian, Middle Eastern and Turkish Studies 2017-02-22.
Prerequisites and special admittance requirements
Bachelor's degree in Asia:s Languages and Cultures, Bachelor's thesis in Japanese. English B/English 6.
Course structure
Examination code Name Higher Education Credits
DK01 Japanese VI 7.5
Course content
The course develops in-depth proficiency in the Japanese language at an advanced level by putting emphasison oral academic skills, stretching from summarizing critical scholarly texts to giving academic presentationsand engaging in seminar discussions. Teaching is conducted in Japanese.
Learning outcomes
In order to pass the course, students are expected to be able to:- summarize academic texts related to the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written andoral Japanese- deliver an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script- argue their position in Japanese-language disucssions
Education
Instruction is given in the form of seminars.
Attendance at all teaching sessions is mandatory.
For more detailed information, please refer to the course description.
Forms of examination
a) The course is examined on the basis of active participation in the sessions, three short tests measuring thepreparedness of the students, one oral presentation during the course and the written script on which the oral
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presentation is based. The principles for weighting individual course assignements are described in thegrading criteria. For more detailed information, please refer to the course description.
b) Grades will be set according to a seven-point scale related to the learning outcomes of the course: A =Excellent, B = Very good, C, Good, D = Satisfactory, E = Adequate, FX = Inadequate, F = TotallyInadequate.
c) Students will be informed of the written grading criteria when the course starts.
d) In order to pass the course, students must receive a grade E or higher on all examinations and meet theattendance of 80%. Under special circumstances, the examiner may, after consulting with the coordinatingteacher, grant the student an exemption from the obligation to participate in certain mandatory courseelements or complete mandatory assignements. The student can then be assigned a compensatoryassignement.
e) At least two examination opportunities should be offered for each course. At least one examinationopportunity should be offered during a semester when the course is not given. Students who receive the gradeFx or F twice by the same examiner are entitled to have another examiner appointed for the next examination,unless there are special reasons to the contrary. Such requests should be made to the department board.
f) This course does not include any opportunities to complete a supplementary assignemet in order to convertthe grade Fx into a passing grade.
Interim
When the syllabus is discontinued, students have the right to be examined according to this syllabus once persemester during a transition period of three semesters.
Limitations
This course may not be included in a degree together with a course, taken in Sweden or elsewhere, ofidentical or partially similar content.
Required reading
For up-to-date information about requiredreading, please refer tothe department website at www.su.se/asia.The current reading list will be made available at least two months before the course starts.
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Japanese VI, SC, 7.5hp
Teacher Jaqueline Berndt [[email protected]]
Course content The course develops in-‐depth proficiency in the Japanese language at an advanced level by putting emphasis on oral academic skills, stretching from summarizing critical scholarly texts to giving academic presentations and engaging in seminar discussions. The skills are being developed through the subject of “Japanese studies and anime research”. Teaching is conducted in Japanese.
Teaching and evaluation Instruction is given in the form of seminars. Attendance at all teaching sessions is mandatory. Japanese VI is examined on the basis of active participation in the sessions, two short tests measuring the preparedness of the participants, one oral preparation during the course (using ppt or copied handouts) and the written script on which the oral presentation is based. The oral presentation can be (a) a critical discussion of one of the readings or (b) a critical analysis of one work of Japanese anime in reference to one or more of the readings (the respective work is to be chosen in consultation with the teacher). The written script must be submitted prior to the last session. The time schedule for the presentations will be fixed during the first session.
Learning outcomes In order to pass the course, students are expected to be able to:
-‐ summarize academic texts related to the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written and oral Japanese
-‐ deliver an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script
-‐ argue their position in Japanese-‐language disucssions
Grading criteria A The student shows excellent skills in summarizing academic texts related to
the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written as well as oral Japanese. She/he also shows an excellent ability to delivering an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script as well as argue their position in Japanese-‐language discussions.
B The student shows a good skills in summarizing academic texts related to the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written as well as oral Japanese. She/he also shows a good ability to deliver an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script as well as argue their position in Japanese-‐language discussions.
C The student can summarize academic texts related to the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written as well as oral Japanese. She/he can also deliver an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script as well as argue their position in Japanese-‐language discussions.
D The student shows sufficient skills in summarizing academic texts related to the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written as well as oral Japanese. She/he also shows adequate skills in delivering an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script as well as argue their position in Japanese-‐language discussions.
E The student can summarize academic texts related to the study of East Asia in general and Japan in particular, in written as well as oral Japanese with some deficiencies. She/he can also to some extent deliver an oral presentation on basic critical issues in Japanese, based on a written script as well as argue their position in Japanese-‐language discussions. There are som misunderstandings, but not so many that the student should fail the course.
Fx The student lacks some of the basic knowledge that is required for obtaining the passing grade E.
F The student lacks all of the basic knowledge that is required for obtaining the passing grade E.
Neither of the grades Fx and F include any opportunity to complete a supplementary assignement in order to convert the grade into a passing grade.
Literature Required Readings: Choo K. (213) 秋菊姫「日本学とアニメ研究——再帰性の原点」『REPRE』vol.18、表象文化論学会 http://repre.org/repre/vol18/special/note3.php Ikeda Y. (2004) 池田淑子「『あの旗を撃て』(1944)と『桃太郎・海の神兵 』(1945)に映し出されるイメージとしての〈日本 〉」、伊藤公雄、金水敏編『イメージとして
の「日本」』第 1部「方法編」（大阪大学 21世紀 COEプログラム インターフェイスの人文学、pp. 39-60。 http://ir.library.osaka-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/11094/13192/1/2004_05-1.pdf） Tsugata N. (2014) 津堅信之『日本のアニメは何がすごいのか』, pp. 55-67, 138-244. [MONDO] Yamada Sh. (2015) 山田奨治 「マンガ・アニメで日本を研究する」 （日文研) http://publications.nichibun.ac.jp/region/d/NSH/series/symp/2015-03-31-1/s001/s018/pdf/article.pdf Additional Readings (not mandatory): Otsuka E. et al. 大塚英志・大澤信亮『「ジャパニメーション」はなぜ敗れるか』角川、2005, pp. 227-244. [MONDO]
Schedule See TimeEdit for dates and location, www.su.se/asia
Session 1: • Introduction, schedule for oral presentations. • Discussion of Yamada Sh. (2015) 山田奨治 「マンガ・アニメで日本を研究する」 （日文研)
• 受講生との相談の上、鑑賞作品選択。
Session 2: • Discussion of Choo K. (2013) 秋菊姫「日本学とアニメ研究——再帰性の原点」 • individual oral presentation 受講生による口頭発表
Session 3: • 受講生による口頭発表「日本アニメ概史」（最初講義時、ハードコピーでの資
料提供） • 短編作品の鑑賞
Session 4: • 作品鑑賞『桃太郎・海の神兵 』（字幕なし）
Session 5: • Discussion of Ikeda Y. (2004) 池田淑子「『あの旗を撃て』(1944)と『桃太郎・海の神兵 』(1945)に映し出されるイメージとしての〈日本 〉」
• 受講生による口頭発表
Session 6: • Discussion of Tsugata N. (2014) 津堅信之『日本のアニメは何がすごいのか』 • 受講生による口頭発表
Session 7: • Discussion of Tsugata N. (2014) 津堅信之『日本のアニメは何がすごいのか』 • 受講生による口頭発表
Session 8: • Discussion of Tsugata N. (2014) 津堅信之『日本のアニメは何がすごいのか』 • 受講生による口頭発表
Session 9: • Discussion of Tsugata N. (2014) 津堅信之『日本のアニメは何がすごいのか』 • 受講生による口頭発表
Session 10: 総括討論
Examinations,rulesandstudentinfluence
ExaminationTheformofexaminationforthecourseyouarefollowingisgiveninthesyllabusandthecoursedescription;youwillfindbothinthecoursecompendiumandonthehomepage.Manycourseshavewrittenexaminationsthataretakeninanexaminationhallattheendofthecourse.Othercourseshavetake-homeexaminations,oralexaminationsorotherexaminationassignments.Youmustalwaysregisteryournameforawrittenexaminationinanexaminationhall.YoudothisviaMystudies,whichyouwillfindatmitt.su.se.Thatisoneofthereasonsitisimportantthatyouactivateyouruniversityaccount,whichyoudoviathesamewebsite.Take-homeexaminationsandhand-inassignmentsdonotrequireregistration.SpecialguidelinesapplytoexaminationsandtheyarethesameforthewholeofStockholmUniversity.SeetheRulebook,Book2http://www.su.se/regelboken/bok-2/utbildning-på-grundnivå-och-avancerad-nivå
RulesforexaminationhallexamsAtawrittenexaminanexaminationhalltheinvigilator’sinstructionsapply.AllstudentsareobligedtofollowtherulesandinstructionsgivenbytheinvigilatorandtoshowavalidIDcardandanymaterialtheymayhavebroughtwiththem.
• Placing:Eachstudentmustsitwherethereisanexaminationpaperputoutorwheretheinvigilatorindicatesaseat.Itisnotpermittedtomovetheexaminationpaper.
• Leavingtheexaminationhall:Itisforbiddentoleavetheexaminationhallbefore30minutesaftertheexamhasbegun.
• Cominglate:Studentswhocomemorethan30minuteslatetoanexaminationmaynottakepartintheexamifanotherstudenthaslefttheexaminationhall.Cominglatedoesnotentitleastudenttoextendedexaminationtime.
• Personalbelongings:Outerclothingandbagsaretobeplacedwheretheinvigilatorindicates.
• Paper:Examinationanswersmayonlybewrittenonthepaperthatishandedout.Thisalsoappliestoroughdrafts.
• Aids:Atexamswhereaidssuchasdictionariesareallowed,theinvigilatorwillcheckthattherearenonotesinthebooks.
• Banonspeaking:Itisforbiddenforexaminationcandidatestospeakwitheachotherorusemobiletelephonesaftertheexamhasstarted.Thisalsoappliestovisitstothebathrooms.
• Breaksandbathroomvisits:Whenanexaminationlastsmorethanfivehours,therewilla30-minutebreak.Theinvigilatorwillindicatewhichbathroomsmaybeusedandstudentsmustfollowtheinvigilator’sinstructions.
• Handing-in:Examinationcandidatesareforbiddentotaketheiranswerpapersoutoftheexaminationhall.Theymustbehandedpersonallytotheinvigilator.
Notethatevenablankanswerpapermustbehandedtotheinvigilatorbeforethestudentleavestheroom.
• Identification:Whenhandingintheexampaperstotheinvigilator,studentsmustshowavalidID1.Studentsmustalsowritetheirsignatureattheplacemarkedwhenhandingtheirpaperiniftheinvigilatorrequiresit.
• Cheating:Studentswhoaresuspectedofcheatingmaycontinuetodotheexamiftheyshowandhandoveraprohibitedaid.Theinvigilatorwillofferthestudentapermittedaidinexchange.Anycheatingand/ordisturbingbehaviourwillbedealtwithafterareportfromtheHeadofDepartment/DirectorofStudiesbytheUniversityVice-Chancellorasadisciplinarymatter.
Take-homeexaminationsJustaswithawrittenexaminanexaminationhall,atake-homeexammustalwaysbewrittenindependentlyunlessotherwisespecifiedinthecoursedescription.Inmostcases,take-homeexamsarehandedinviatheMondocourseportal.Seetheinstructionsinthecoursedescription.Formoredetailsabouthowtousesourcesandreferencesinyourtake-homeexam,seethedocumententitled“Formalmatters,usingreferencesandquotations”.
SpecialneedsIfyouareinsomewaydisabled,whichmeansthatyouneedspecialsupportand/oraids,alwayscontactServicefordisabledstudents([email protected])ingoodtimebeforethecoursestarts.YoushouldthencontacttheDirectorofStudiesattheDepartmentofAsian,MiddleEasternandTurkishStudies([email protected])Availableassistanceincludes,forexample,adaptingrooms,coursetextbooksastalkingbooks,note-takingassistance,mentorsupport,extendedtimeforexamsandsoon.
CourseEvaluationAfterthecompletionofacourse,asastudentyouhavetherighttoexpressyouropinionsandexperienceofthecourseintheformofacourseevaluation.Courseevaluationsaregivenanonymouslyinconnectionwithexamsorthelastlessonofacourse.Courseevaluationsareanswereddigitallyviacomputer,mobilephoneorthelike.Alinktothecourseevaluationissenttoyouremailaddressandmustnormallybeansweredwithinoneweek.TheresultofthecourseevaluationsisthenavailableforyouasastudentinafileintheStudentOfficeshortlyafteracoursehasbeencompleted.Ifforsomereasonyouhavenotbeenabletofillinacourseevaluationforacourseyouhavetaken,youcangetintouchwiththeStudentOffice([email protected]).
1TypesofIDthatareacceptedare:adrivinglicence,apassportandavalidIDcard.Apolicereportthatisnotmorethanthreemonthsoldshowingthatthecandidate’sIDhasbeenstolenorlostisalsoaccepted.ForeignIDsarealsoaccepted,preferablyapassportandIDcard,providedthattheIDdocumentdoesnotneedtobetranslatedforthecandidatetobeidentified.
Formalities:sourcecriticismandplagiarism
SourcecriticismRememberalwaystobecriticalofthesourcesyouuseandchoosethemcarefully.Itisalwaysimportanttobeabletoexplainwhyyouchoseacertainsource.BeingcriticalofyoursourcesisparticularlyimportantwhenyouuseinformationtakenfromtheInternet.Check,forexample,whowrotetheinformationonthehomepageyouuse,whythehomepagehasbeencreated(e.g.forpropagandapurposes).AtSkolverket(TheSwedishNationalAgencyforEducation)youwillfindsomesimplequestionsyoucanusetojudgewhetherahomepageisreliable.Seehttp://www.skolverket.se/skolutveckling/resurser-for-larande/kollakallan/kallkritik/fakta/lathund-1.151074Wikipediaisanexampleofahomepagethatisnotconsideredareliablesourcewhenyouwriteanessayoratake-homeexam.Thereasonisthatvoluntarycontributorsfromallovertheworldhavewrittentheinformationfoundthere.ThatmeansthatthecontentsareopenandfreeandeveryoneisabletoaddandtakeawayinformationfromWikipedia.Formorebooksonthinkingcritically,seeforexample:
• PernillaHultén,Kritiskttänkande,Malmö:LiberFörlag,2007• ThorstenThurén,Källkritik,Stockholm,LiberAB,2005
WritinganessayTherearemanybooksandonlineguidesyoucanuseforsupportwhenyouwriteyouressay.Eventhoughtherequirementsmayvaryalittlefromonesupervisortoanother,thereisagreatdealthatiscommontoallessaywritingattheuniversity.StockholmUniversityLibraryhasaguideforessaywriting:http://su.se/biblioteket/söka-och-använda/skriva-uppsatsTheLibraryalsooffershelpinEnglish:http://su.se/english/library/search-use/writing-an-essayInSwedishthereisalsoAttskrivaenbrauppsats,Rienecker&Jörgensen(Nordli,Haraldtransl.)Lund:LiberFörlag,2004SeealsoOlleJosephsonandArneJarrick,Fråntanketilltext,enspråkhandbokföruppsatsskrivandestudenter,Lund:Studentlitteratur,1996.
PlagiarismYoumaycertainlystudytogetherwithyourstudentfriends,butrememberthatexaminationassignmentsandessaysarenormallydoneindependentlyunlessotherwiseindicatedinthecoursedescription.Whenyourexaminationassignmentoryouressayistobehandedin,itisimportantthatyouworkindependently.Youarenotpermittedtoplagiarisefromastudentcolleague,abookoranInternetsource.Plagiarismmeansusingsomethingthatsomeoneelsehaswrittenwithoutgivingthesource.Sincemuchofwhatyouwriteasauniversitystudentisbasedonpreviousresearch,youwillneedtouseothersources.Thatiswhyitisveryimportantthatyouarecarefulaboutwhereyougetyourinformation.(Readmoreaboutthisunder“Formalities,referencesandquotations”below.Youmayfeeluncertainabouthowyoushoulddealwithplagiarism;inthatcase,youcanalwaysasktheteacherwhorunsyourcourse.YoucanalsolookatGothenburgUniversity’santi-plagiarismguide:http://www.ub.gu.se/ref/Refero/SeealsoURKUND’sPlagiarismHandbook(inSwedish):http://static.urkund.com/manuals/URKUND_Plagiarism_Handbook_SE.pdfCo-operationwithanumberofuniversitiesinSwedenincludingLinköpingUniversityandUmeåUniversityhasresultedinthesiteSkrivguidenwhereyoucangetsupportforyouracademicwriting:http://skrivguiden.seInmanycases,itismisunderstandingthatleadstosuspicionsofcheating,soitisextraimportantthatyouarecarefulalwaystostatethesourcesyouhaveused.
TurnitinTheTurnitinprogramchecksallexaminationassignmentsintheformoftake-homeexamsandessaysbeforetheyaregiventotheteacherforcorrection.Turnitinisatext-matchingtoolthatcomparesyourinformationwiththatofotherstudents,andwithbooksandInternetsources.Ifateachersuspectssomeformofcheating,sheorheisobligedtoreportittotheDirectorofStudiesortheequivalentattheDepartmentofAsian,MiddleEasternandTurkishStudies,whointurnhastoreportthesuspiciontotheDisciplinaryCommitteeatStockholmUniversity.ItistheDisciplinaryCommitteethatdecideswhetherornotsomethingistoberegardedascheating,nottheDepartmentofAsian,MiddleEasternandTurkishStudies,whichonlyreportsasuspicionofcheating.Thereasonforthisistoensurethatthestudentwhoissuspectedofcheatingwillgetafairhearing.
Formalities:referencesandquotationsWhenyouwriteanexaminationassignmentintheformofanessayoratake-homeexam,itisimportantthatyouarecarefultoreportthesourcesyouhaveusedinyourwork.Thisisdonebygivingreferences,intheformofnotesandalistofsources.Therearemanybooksaboutthewaytodealwithreferences,bothatthelibraryandontheInternet.Belowyouwillfindasummaryofsomeofthethingsthatareimportanttobearinmindconcerningreferences.Whenyouwriteanexaminationassignment(aBAorMAthesis)youshouldalsotakeintoaccountwhatappliestoyourparticularcourse.Seethedescriptionofthecourseyouaretaking.
Referencesintexts,differentmodelsTherearevariousmodelsfordealingwithreferencesintexts.TwocommonlyusedonesaretheHarvardModelandtheOxfordModel.TheHarvardModelmeansthatyoureferdirectlyinthetext,whiletheOxfordModelmeansthatyoureferinafootnote(seetheexamplesbelow).Neitherofthesemodelsisrightorwrong,butinyourparticularfieldtheremaybeatraditionofusingoneortheother.Itisimportantforyoutobeconsistentinyourchoiceofmodel,sothatyoualwayschoosetoreferin,forexample,footnotesifthatiswhatyoudecideon.
Quotations,abouttheuseofnotesQuotationsarecommonlyusedintexts.Quotingmeansthatyoureproduceverbatimsomethingthatsomeoneelsehassaidorwritten.Aquotationmustalwaysbegivenexactly,evenifitcontainsspellingmistakes.Afterthequotationyoumustalwaysstatewhereitcomesfrom.Youdothisdirectlyafterwards,eitherinafootnoteorinbrackets,dependingonthemodelyouhavechosen.Ifthereisaspellingmistakeinthequotation,youcanindicateitwith[sic]directlyafterthespellingmistaketoshowthatthatyouarenottheonewhohasmadethemistake.Ifthespellingmistakeisparticularlyserious,youcanwrite[sic!].AreferenceafteraquotationaccordingtotheHarvardModelcanlooklikethis:“Areasonablerequirementforascientificconceptualapparatusisthatitispossibletouseitinpractice.”(Persson&Sahlin,2013:205).AreferenceafteraquotationintheformofafootnoteaccordingtotheOxfordModelcanlooklikethis:“Areasonablerequirementforascientificconceptualapparatusisthatitispossibletouseitinpractice.”2
2JohannesPersson&Nils-EricSahlin.Vetenskapsteoriförsanningssökare:FriTankeFörlag,2013,205.
LongquotationsIfaquotationisshort,asintheexamplesabove,itisplaceddirectlyinthetext.Ifthequotationisalongone,itshouldbeplacedinaparagraphofitsown,forexample:
Fördenfranskelitteratur-ochkulturteoretikernRolandBarthesärdetcentraltattberättarinstansenskiljsifrånförfattarensochberättelsenssubjekt(1988).Densomtalariberättelsenärintedensomskriveriverkligalivet.Ochdensomskriverärintedensomär.DetfinnsenligtBarthestvåolikasortersberättarpositioner:berättarensompersonligelleropersonligberättarinstans.Dettamotsvararintegivetskillnadenmellanenberättareiförstarespektivetredjeperson.Enberättelsekanskrivasitredjepersonochändåvarapersonlig.3or(Johansson,2005:39).
Notethatthequotationaboveisplacedinaparagraphofitsown,withanemptylineatthebeginningandattheend,andthatithasamarginonbothsides.Aquotationofthiskindneednothavequotationmarksatthebeginningandend.
QuotationswithinquotationsIfthepersonyouquotehasinturnquotedsomeoneelse,thisshouldbeshownwithinsinglequotationmarks,forexample:“Finally,uponreachingtheattractivelandscapesinMitava,hewrites:‘ThecountrysidehereismuchprettierthanLivonia,throughwhichonewouldnotregrettotravelwithhiseyeshalfclosed.’”44or(Lewis,1995:57).
ReferringtothesameauthorandworkimmediatelyaftereachotherIfyouquoteorrefertothesameauthorandworkimmediatelyaftereachother,youneednotrewritethewholereference.Instead,write“ibid”ifitalsoreferstothesamepage.Ifitreferstoanotherpageinthesameworkandbythesameauthor,write“ibid,43”.5
SummaryAsummaryisanaccountofanauthor’stextinyourownwords.Thismakesitpossibleforyoutochoosewhatyoufeeliscentralorwhatyoufeelismostrelevantforyourassignment.Ifyouinsertyourownopinionsorsuppositions,youmustbeverysuretoindicatethat.Youneednotusequotationmarksinasummarybutyoumustindicatethereferencesothatthereadercanfindthesource.Putthereferenceinbracketsinthetextorintheformofafootnote(seeabove).
3AnnaJohansson.Narrativteoriochmetod.Lund:Studentlitteratur,2005,139.4S.MarkLewis,ModesofHistoricalDiscourseinJ.GHerderandN.MKaramzin.NewYork:PeterLangPublishingInc,1995,57.5Ibidmeans“inthesameplace”andisanabbreviationoftheLatinibidem
ListofReferences/BibliographyTheListofReferences,alsocalledBibliography,isthelistofbooksandarticlesyouhaveusedwhenwritingyourexaminationassignment.TheListofReferencesmustalwaysbegivenattheendandifyoulikeyoucandivideitintoPrimaryandSecondarySources,orInternet-basedmaterial,Articles,Interviewsandsoonifyouhaveusedsuchmaterial.TheListofReferencesmustbeinalphabeticalorderaccordingtotheauthor’sfamilynameandmaylooklikethis:Hamori,Andras,OntheArtofMedievalArabicLiterature,Princeton,NewJersey:PrincetonUniversityPress.Ifyouhaveusedtwoormorebooksbythesameauthor,youneednotwritetheauthor’snamemorethanonce.Notethatthebooksshouldbearrangedchronologically.Itmaylooklikethis:Mernessi,Fatima.WomenandIslam.AnHistoricalandTheologicalEnquiry.Oxford:BlackwellPublishers.1991._______,Women’sRebellion&IslamicMemory.LondonandNewJersey:ZedBooks.1996.
ChaptersinabookWhenyourefertoawholebook,youneednotgivethenumberofpages,butifyouuseonechapterinananthology,youshouldgivethepagenumbersinyourbibliography,forexample:Lee,Peter&Ashby,Rosalyn.“ProgressioninHistoricalUnderstandingamongStudentsAges7-14”,Knowing,Teaching&LearningHistory.NationalandInternationalPerspectives,editedbyPeterN.Stearns,PeterSeixasandSamWineburg,NewYorkandLondon:NewYorkUniversityPress.2000.pp.199-222.
ArticlesIfyoursourceisanarticle,itmaylooklikethisinyourbibliography:Kessy,EmanuelThomas.“TheTransitionfromTheLaterStoneAgetoIronAgeinKondoa,CentralTanzania”,inTheAfricanArchaeologicalReview.Vol.30No.3September2013,pp225-252.
InternetsourcesIfyoursourceisapagefromtheInternet,forexamplefromaworkofreference,thereisoftenanoteonhowtorefertoitonthesamepage.WhatdistinguishesanInternetsourcefromaprintedsourceisthatyouindicatewhenyouhavereadthepage.
ReadingtipsontheInternethttp://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/16/contents.html
