Department of Power Engineering ECE 2412 Analog and Digital ...

Department of Power Engineering

B.Tech (PE)- 3rd Semester

COURES STRCTURE

(Applicable for 2012 and 2013 admitted batches)

B.Tech (Power Engineering) III Semester

Code Subject Theory Practical Credits

ECE 2412 Analog and Digital Circuits 3+1* - 4

EEE 2411 Electrical Circuit and Field Theory 3+1* - 4

ME 2404 Engg. Thermodynamics 3+1* - 4

ME 2405 Fluid Mechanics 3+1* - 4

ME 2414 Mechanics of Solids 3+1* - 4

CE 2207 Solids Mechanics Lab - 3 2

EEE 2213 Circuits and Simulation lab - 3 2

Total 20 6 24

B.Tech. (Power Engineering) IV Semester

Code Subject Theory Practical Credits

ME 2410 Applied Thermal Engineering 3+1* - 4

EEE 3416 Control Systems 3+1* - 4

EEE 2410 DC Machines and Transformers 3+1*

3+1* - 4

ME 2411 Hydraulic machines 3+1* - 4

EEE 2214 DC machines and Transformers Lab - 3 2

CE 2213 Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machinery lab - 3 2

Total 20 6 24

*Tutorial

- 4

EEE 3417 Electrical Measurements and Instrumentation



SYLLABUS


Course Title: ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS Course Code: ME2404

L T P C 3 1 0 4

Course objectives : Students undergoing this course are expected to:

1. Understand the systems in the energy perspective to classify as open, closed or isolated. 2. Understand the Isobaric, Isochoric, Isothermal, Adiabatic and polytrophic type of flow and non-

flow processes. 3. Apply the laws of thermodynamics to the practical problems. 4. Relate the performance among heat pump, heat engine and a refrigerator. 5. understand the concept of entropy 6. Analyze the mixtures of perfect gases. 7. Measure the entropy, enthalpy, internal energy and quality of the steam. 8. Estimate the efficiency of the various engines working on Otto, Diesel, Dual Combustion type

of cycles

Course outcomes : After undergoing the course, Students will be able to understand

1. Gain the knowledge on open, closed or isolated type of thermodynamic systems in the energy perspective Apply the laws of thermodynamics to the practical problems.

2. Analyze the Isobaric, Isochoric, Isothermal, Adiabatic and polytrophic type of flow and non-flow processes.

3. Apply the laws of thermodynamics to the practical problems. 4. Gain the knowledge in relating the performance among heat pump, heat engine and a refrigerator. 5. Gain the knowledge on the concept of entropy 6. Gain the knowledge in analyzing the mixtures of perfect gases. 7. Measure the entropy, enthalpy, internal energy and quality of the steam. 8. Gain the knowledge in estimating the efficiency of the various engines working on Otto, Diesel,

Dual Combustion type of cycles

Unit I

Introduction: Types of thermodynamic Systems, State, Property, Process,- Reversible Irreversible Process, Cycle – Quasi – static Process,– Energy in State and in Transition, Work and Heat, Point and Path function. Thermodynamic Processes : Perfect Gas – Boyel’s Law ,Charless law Avagadro,s law -Equation of State–– Deviations from perfect Gas Model – Vander Waals Equation of State – Compressibility charts . Flow process , Non-flow processes, Specific heat, enthalpy, Internal energy. Heat and Work Transfer, changes in Internal Energy in various flow and Non – flow processes – Throttling and Free Expansion Processes

(13 hours)

Unit II

Zeroth Law and First Law of Thermodynamics: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics- Basis for temperature measurement- Two point, triple point and Ideal gas temperature scales. Const. Volume gas Thermometer –- Joule’s Experiments – First law of Thermodynamics –Steady flow process – SFEE – SFEE applied to a flow system - PMM I. Second Law of Thermodynamics: Limitations of the First Law – Thermal Reservoir, Heat Engine, Heat pump, Parameters of performance, Kelvin-Planck and Clausius Statements of Second Law of Thermodynamics and their Equivalence, PMM- II of Second kind, Irreversibility , Causes of Irreversibility - Carnot’s principle, Carnot cycle (16 hours)

Unit III

Entropy and Availability : Entropy- Entropy a point function – Change of entropy in various Non-flow processes, Clausius Inequality, Principle of Entropy Increase –Availability in closed and open system – Max well relations Mixtures of perfect Gases – Terminology of gaseous mixtures Mole Fraction, Mass friction Volume fraction, Partial pressure- Daltons Law of Partial pressures- Amagati’s Law of additive volumes - Gravimetric and volumetric Analysis – Molecular Internal Energy, Enthalpy, sp. Heats and Entropy of Mixture of perfect Gases

(14 hours)

Unit IV

Steam Properties: Phase transformation – Properties of the steam in phase transformation- P-V-T surface , Triple point at critical state properties during change of phase – Entropy of steam at Various stages of phase transformation – Steam tables – Mollier Chart - Steam Calorimetry. Air standard Cycles: Otto, Diesel, Dual Combustion cycles, Description and representation on P–V and T-S diagram, Thermal Efficiency, Mean Effective Pressures on Air standard basis – end properties - comparison of Cycles

(17 hours) TEXT BOOKS: 1. Engineering Thermodynamics , PK Nag , TMH, III Edition 2. Fundamentals of Thermodynamics – Sonntag, Borgnakke and van wylen , John Wiley & sons (ASIA) Pvt Ltd.

REFERENCES : 1. Engineering Thermodynamics – Jones & Dugan 2. Thermodynamics – An Engineering Approach – Yunus Cengel & Boles ,TMH 3. Thermodynamics- JP Holman/McGrawHill 4. An Introduction to Thermodynamics/YVC Rao/New Age 5. Engineering Thermodymics- K.Ramakrishna/ Anuradha Publishers



SYLLABUS


Course Title: FLUID MECHANICS Course Code: ME2405

L T P C 3 1 0 4

Course objectives: Objectives:

• To get fundamental background about the fluid properties such as specific gravity, viscosity, surface tension, vapor pressure and their influences on fluid motion.

• Get the idea about measurement of fluid pressure and manometry

• To estimate the Hydro static forces on submerged bodies.

• Tostudy the total pressure and center of pressure. • To study the types of flows and equation of continuity • To study the energy equation and Momentum equation.

• To find the losses occurs in flow through the pipes. • To study the Navier-Stoke’s Equations and Boundary layer concepts

Outcomes:

After the end of the course, Students are able to:

• Understand the concepts of fluid properties like specific gravity, viscosity, density, surface tension.

• Determine the pressure head of a fluid in a pipe by using manometer.

• Understand the friction losses while flowing through a pipe and also used for the designing of pipeline net work.

• Understand the minor losses and evaluate the performance of a fluid transport system.

• This study is used for the hydraulicstrictures.

• This is study is applied for the design of pipes flows • Used for the estimation of flows in pipes, open channels and over head tanks. • This study is used for the estimation of shear stress and velocity gradient for the design ofsubmersed

bodies.

Unit I Introduction : Dimensions and units – Physical properties of fluids specific gravity, viscosity, surface tension, vapor

pressure and their influences on fluid motion pressure at a point, Pascal’s law, Hydrostatic law - atmospheric, gauge

and vacuum pressure- measurement of pressure. Pressure gauges, Manometers: differential and Micro Manometers. Hydro Static Forces on Surfaces: Hydrostatic forces on submerged plane, Horizontal, Vertical, inclined and curved surfaces – Center of pressure. Derivations and problems- Buoyancy forces (16 hours) Unit II Fluid Kinematics: Description of fluid flow, Stream line, path line and streak lines and stream tube. Classification of flows: Steady, unsteady, uniform, non-uniform, laminar, turbulent, rotational and irrotational flows – Equation of continuityfor one, two, three dimensional flows – stream and velocity potential functions, flownet analysis. Fluid Dynamics: Surface and body forces – Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations for flow along a stream line for 3-D flow, Momentum equation and its application – forces on pipe bend.

(16 hours) UnitIII Boundary Layer Flow :Approximate Solutions of Navier-Stoke’s Equations – Boundary layer – concepts, Prandtl contribution, Characteristics of boundary layer along a thin flat plate, Vonkarmen momentum integral equation, laminar and turbulent Boundary layers

Laminar and Turbulent Flows:Reynold’s experiment – Characteristics of Laminar & Turbulent flows. Flow between parallel plates.

(14 hours)

UnitIV Closed Conduit Flow :Laws of Fluid friction – Darcy’s equation, Minor losses – pipes in series – pipes in parallel – Total energy line and hydraulic gradient line. Pipe network problems, variation of friction factor with Reynold’s number – Moody’s Chart Measurement of Flow:Pitot-tube, Venturi meter and orifice meter – classification of orifices, flow over rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal and stepped notches - –Broad crested weirs. (14 hours) Text Books : 1. Fluid Mechanics by Modi and Seth, Standard book house. 2. Introduction to Fluid Machines by S.K.Som&G.Biswas (Tata McGraw-Hill publishers Pvt. Ltd.) 3. Introduction to Fluid Machines by Edward J. Shaughnessy, Jr, Ira M. Katz and James P.Schaffer, Oxford University Press, New Delhi Reference Books: 1. Fluid Mechanics by J.F.Douglas, J.M. Gaserek and J.A.Swaffirld (Longman) 2. Fluid Mechanics by Frank.M. White (Tata Mc.Grawhill Pvt. Ltd.) 3. Fluid Mehanics by A.K. Mohanty, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi 4. A text of Fluid mechanics and hydraulic machines by Dr. R.K. Bansal - Laxmi Publications (P) ltd., New Delhi



SYLLABUS


Course Title: MECHANICS OF SOLIDS Course Code: ME2414

L T P C 3 1 0 4

Course objectives :

Students undergoing this course are expected to:

• Understand the properties of materials and the behavior of materials to loads and the moments. • To build the necessary theoretical background for further structural analysis in design courses. • Analyze the state of stress and strain at any point in a member. • Understand the effect of component dimensions and shape on stresses and deformations. • Assess stresses, strains and deformations through mathematical models of axial bars, beams, twisting

bars, pressure vessels etc. • Apply computational skills to formulate and solve problems related to the determination of the

stresses, strains, and deflections produced by loads. • Understand the basic mechanical principles underlying modern approaches for design of various types

of structural members subjected to axial load, torsion, bending, transverse shear and combined loading. • Learn modern experimental techniques, concepts and tools in mechanical testing of materials.

Course outcomes : After undergoing the course, Students will be able to

• Design and conduct experiments on mechanical testing and also could analyze and interpret data

• Design a component to meet desired needs. • Analyze the state of stress and strain at any point in a member.

• Identify, formulate, and solve structural engineering problems.

• Learn modern experimental techniques, concepts and tools in mechanical testing of materials.

• Understand the effect of shape and size of component on stresses and strains. • Apply the basic mechanical principles underlying modern approaches for design of various types of

structural members subjected to axial load, torsion, bending, transverse shear and combined loading. • Apply computational skills to formulate and solve problems related to the determination of the

stresses, strains, and deflections produced by loads.

UNIT – I SIMPLE STRESSES & STRAINS : Elasticity and plasticity – Types of stresses & strains–Hooke’s law – stress – strain diagram for mild steel – Working stress – Factor of safety – Lateral strain, Poisson’s ratio & volumetric strain – Elastic moduli & the relationship between them – Bars of varying section – composite bars – Temperature stresses. SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT : Definition of beam – Types of beams – Concept of shear force and bending moment – S.F and B.M diagrams for cantilever, simply supported and overhanging beams subjected to point loads, u.d.l., uniformly varying loads and combination of these loads – Point of contra flexure (17 hours) UNIT – II FLEXURAL STRESSES : Theory of simple bending – Assumptions – Derivation of bending equation: M/I = f/y = E/R Neutral axis – Determination bending stresses – section modulus of rectangular and circular sections (Solid and Hollow), I,T,Angle and Channel sections – Design of simple beam sections. SHEAR STRESSES: Derivation of formula – Shear stress distribution across various beams sections like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T angle sections.

(15 hours) UNIT – III PRINCIPAL STRESSES: Transformation of plane stress into normal and shear stresses on inclined plane, principal planes, Mohr’s circle, Maximum shearing stress. Torsion: Torsional Stresses in Shafts , Analysis of torsional stresses, Power transmitted, Combined bending and torsion. DEFLECTION OF BEAMS : Bending into a circular arc – slope, deflection and radius of curvature – Differential equation for the elastic line of a beam – Double integration method – Determination of slope and deflection for cantilever and simply supported beams subjected to point loads, - U.D.L uniformly varying load. Mohr’s theorems – Moment area method – application to simple cases.

(15 hours) UNIT – IV THIN CYLINDERS : Thin seamless cylindrical shells – Derivation of formula for longitudinal and circumferential stresses – hoop, longitudinal and Volumetric strains – changes in dia, and volume of thin cylinders – Riveted boiler shells – Thin spherical shells. THICK CYLINDERS: Lame’s equations – cylinders subjected to inside & outside pressures – compound cylinders.

(13 hours) TEXT BOOKS : 1. Strength of materials by Bhavikatti, Lakshmi publications. 2. Strength of materials by S. Ramaamrutham , Dhanpat Rai & Publications New Delhi REFERENCES : 1. Strength of materials by R. K. Bansal. Laxmi Publications New Delhi 2. Strength of Materials -By Jindal, Umesh Publications. 3. Analysis of structures by Vazirani and Ratwani. 4. Mechanics of Structures Vol-III, by S.B.Junnarkar. 5. Strength of Materials by S.Timshenko 6.. Strength of Materials by Andrew Pytel and Ferdinond L. Singer Longman

DEPARTMENT OF POWER ENGINEERING


SYLLABUS (Applicable for 2012 and 2013 admitted batch)

Course Title: ANALOG AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS Course Code: ECE 2412

L T P C 3 1 0 4

Course objectives: Students undergoing this course are expected to:

� Understand semi-conductor concepts at power levels to regulate power flow in a system. Course outcomes: After undergoing the course students will be able to:

� principles of semiconductor devices to power system.

� Implement power electronic concepts to control different appliances.

UNIT- I TRNSISTORS- special semi conductor devices (15 Hours) Junction Transistor, Transistor current components, transistor as an Amplifier, JFET Characteristics,

MOSFET characteristics, characteristics of tunnel Diode, with the help of energy band diagrams, Varactor

Diode, LED, Zener diode, photo diode, UJT Characteristics.

UNIT- II NUMBER SYSTEM AND BOOLEAN ALGEBRA (16 Hours) Review of Number systems, conversion of number from one radix to another radix, complement representation of negative numbers- binary arithmetic, 4-bit code: BCD,Excess-3,Gray code, digital logic gates, and universal gates, half adder, full adder, full subtractor, multiplexer, de-multiplexer, encoder and decoder. UNIT- III OP-AMPs (14 Hours) Basic information of Op-amps, Op-amps -characteristics, mode of operations-inverting, non-inverting, basic applications of Op-amp, introduction to 555 timer, introduction to PLL. UNIT- IV (15 hours) Thyristors : Thyristors – Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR’s), BJT – Power MOSFET – Power IGBT and their characteristics, Basic theory of operation of SCR – Static characteristics – Turn on and turn off methods, UJT firing circuit, Line Commutation and Forced Commutation circuits

TEST BOOKS:

1. Digital Design – Morris Mano, PHI, 3rd Edition, 2006. 2. Electronics devices and Circuits-Millman and Halkias, Tata McGraw Hill 3. Power Electronics by P S Bhimbra Khanna Publishers 4. Op-Amps and Linear ICs-Ramakanth A Gayakward, PHI, 1987

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Modern Digital Electronics -RP Jain, TMH. 2. Linear ICs-Roy chowdhury, New age International(p) Ltd, 2nd Ed.2003.

.



SYLLABUS



SYLLABUS

Course Title: ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT AND FIELD THEROY Course Code: EEE2411

L T P C 3 1 0 4

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

This course enables the students to

� Develop the basic concepts of network analysis, which is the pre-requisite for the various

power engineering subjects.

� Solve different complex circuits using various network reduction techniques such as Source

transformation, Network theorems etc.

� Comprehend three phase systems with balanced and unbalanced loads and power

measurements.

� Synthesize the transmission line parameters using two-port networks.

� Evaluate AC transients for complex electrical systems.

� Apply the concept of divergence theorem in electrical systems.

� Analyze electrostatic field using suitable laws.

� Understand Maxwell’s equation for time variant fields.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

After the completion of the course, students are able to

� Investigate the methods to improve power factor in power system networks.

� Understand 3-phase ac circuits for designing and analysis of power system networks.

� Understand network theorems to simplify the complex networks.

� Understand transient analysis in electrical circuits and to analyze the power system stability.

� Evaluate the parameters of two port networks to analyze the performance of transmission lines.

� Gain the knowledge to solve transmission line networks and apply in designing the transmission

lines.

� Analyze the electrostatic field of electrical systems.

� Realize the behaviors of static charge, charge configurations in high voltage engineering.

UNIT- I: SINUSOIDAL STEADY STATE ANALYSIS

Concept of Phasor and J notation, Impedance and Admittance – Time domain and frequency domain

Response of R,L,C series, parallel and series- parallel circuits to sinusoidal excitation, computation of

active, reactive, complex power and power factor.

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS : Transient response of R-L, R-C, R-L-C series circuits for sinusoidal excitation

– initial conditions – Solution using Laplace transform approach only.

(15 hours)

UNIT – II: THREE PHASE CIRCUITS AND NETWORK THEOREM S

THREE PHASE CIRCUITS: Advantages of 3-phase systems, phase sequence, star and delta connections,

Analysis of balanced and unbalanced 3-phase circuits, Measurement of active and reactive power.

NETWORK THEOREMS: Source transformation, Superposition, Thevinin’s, Norton’s, Maximum power

transfer and reciprocity theorems for d.c excitation.

(16 hours)

UNIT – III: NETWORK PARAMETERS

Two port network, Impedance parameters, Admittance parameters, Transmission parameters, hybrid

parameters – Inter relationship between parameters – Concept of transformed network – two port network

parameters using transformed variables – Interconnection of two port networks.

(12 hours)

UNIT-IV: ELEMENTS OF FIELD THEORY

Electric field intensity, Field due to continuous spherical charge distribution, Field of a line charge. Electric

flux density, Gauss’ law, Maxwell’s First Equation (Electrostatics), Gradient , Divergence and curl,

Divergence Theorem. Definition of potential difference and Potential, The potential field of a point charge

and system of charges, Potential gradient, Energy density in an electrostatic field. Poissaon’s and Laplace’s

Equations

Time varying fields and Maxwell’s equations: Faraday’s law, displacement current, Maxwell’s equation in

point and Integral form, retarded potentials

(17 hours)

TEXT BOOKS

01. Engineering circuit analysis –by W.H.Hayt, J.E.Kimmerly, and S.M.Durbin Mc Graw Hill

Education private limited, 7th Edition.

02. Electromagnetic Field by Mathew N.O Sadiku Tata Mc Graw Hill.

REFERENCE BOOKS

01. Fundamentals of Electric circuits by Charles K Alexander, Mathew N.O Sadiku Tata Mc Graw Hill.

02. Electrical Circuit Analysis by A.Sudhakar and S.P Shyam Mohan, TMH.

03. Electric Circuits - by Mahmood Nahvi and Joselph Edminister, Schaum’s Outline series, TMH-

2004.



SYLLABUS


Course Title: Solid Mechanics Lab Course code: CE 2207

L T P C

0 0 3 2 OBJECTIVES:

i) To study the stress –strain variation in mild steel and to determine its young’s modulus ii) To compare the analytical and experimental values of the stress and deflection in the cantilever beam. iii) To compare the analytical and experimental values of the stress and deflection in the simply

supported beam. iv) To determine the modulus of rigidity of the given sample v) To determine the compressive strength of wood parallel to and perpendicular to grains. vi) To determine the impact strength of material. vii) To determine the stiffness and rigidity modulus of spring viii) To determine the young’s modulus of two span continuous beam

OUCOMES: At the end of course student will be able to

a) Estimate compressive strength of wood/Concrete/Brick materials b) Check the suitability of wood, steel and concrete in construction works. c) Find the impact resistance of steel used in construction works. d) Estimate young’s modulus of wood/steel materials

LIST OF EXERCISES: 1. Tension test 2. Bending test on (Steel / Wood) Cantilever beam. 3. Bending test on simple support beam. 4. Torsion test 5. Hardness test 6. Spring test 7. Compression test on wood / concrete/Brick 8. Impact test 9. Shear test 10. Verification of Maxwell’s Reciprocal theorem on beams. 11. Use of electrical resistance strain gauges 12. Continuous beam – deflection test.



SYLLABUS


Course Title: Circuits & Simulation Lab Course code: EEE 2213

L T P C

0 0 3 2

Course Objectives:

� .

COURSE OUTCOMES:

� .

� Understand the performance of an ac circuit during resonance conditions.

� Design the time constants of an electrical circuit for satisfactory performance during transient

Note: Eight experiments are to be conducted from PART-A and Two from PART-B

PART-A: ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

1) Verification of Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems.

2) Verification of Superposition theorem.

3) Verification of Maximum Power Transfer Theorem.

4) Determination of Self, Mutual Inductances and Coefficient of coupling.

5) Z and Y Parameters.

6) Transmission and hybrid parameters.

7) V-I characteristics of Zener diode

8) Study of diode rectifier (Half wave, full wave and bridge)

9) Transistor CE characteristics.

10) Verification of Op-amp adders and subtractors with 741 Op-amp.

11) Verification of logic gates with ICs.

12) Verification of decoder IC(74X138)

PART-B: SIMULATION OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

1) Mesh and Nodal Analysis

2) Verification of Network Theorems

3) Simulation of CE Amplifier

4) Simulation of Op-Amp based Integrator and differentiator


B.Tech- 4th Semester

SYLLABUS (Applicable for 2012 and 2013 admitted batches)

Course Title: APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING Course Code: ME2410

L T P C 3 1 0 4 Course Objectives:

• Develop an idea about Working principle of two stroke and four stroke SI and CI Engines • Give an idea about engine associated systems such as lubricating system, cooling system, fuel feed

system, ignition system , their necessity, requirements, construction details, different types and their working

• Develop the concept of combustion in Spark ignition engine, Pressure Vs crank angle diagrams, and pre-ignition

• Develop the concept of combustion in Compression ignition engine, Pressure Vs crank angle diagrams, Knocking, Detonation

• Develop an idea about performance calculations in I.C.Engine • Develop an idea about engine pollution and working of catalytic converter • Give an idea about working principle of reciprocating compressors and its efficiencies • Give an idea about Mechanical details of axial flow compressors and its efficiencies

Course Outcomes:

At the end of the course students are able to:

• Gain the knowledge about Working principle of two stroke and four stroke SI and CI Engines • Gain the knowledge about engine associated systems such as lubricating system, cooling system,

fuel feed system, ignition system , their necessity, requirements, construction details, different types and their working

• Gain the knowledge the concept of combustion in Spark ignition engine, Pressure Vs crank angle diagrams, and pre-ignition

• Gain the knowledge the concept of combustion in Compression ignition engine, Pressure Vs crank angle diagrams, Knocking, Detonation

• Gain the knowledge about performance calculations in I.C.Engine • Gain the knowledge about engine pollution and working of catalytic converter • Gain the knowledge about working principle of reciprocating compressors and its efficiencies • Gain the knowledge about Mechanical details of axial flow compressors and its efficiencies

Unit I

I.C. Engines:Heat engine – IC engines Classification - Working principles two stroke and four stroke SI and CI engines, Valve and Port Timing Diagrams, principle of wrankle engine. Principle of super charging

Engine Systems: Fuel, Simple Carburetor, Fuel Injection System, Ignition, Cooling and Lubrication, systems

(16 hours)

Unit II

Combustion in S.I. Engines : Normal Combustion and abnormal combustion – Importance of flame speed and effect of engine variables – Type of Abnormal combustion, pre-ignition and knocking (explanation of ) – Fuel requirements and fuel rating, anti knock additives – combustion chamber – requirements, types.

Combustion in C.I. Engines : Four stages of combustion – Delay period and its importance – Effect of engine variables – Diesel Knock– Need for air movement, suction, compression and combustion induced turbulence – open and divided combustion chambers and nozzles used – fuel requirements and fuel rating.

(14 hours)

Unit III

Testing and Performance: Parameters of performance - measurement of cylinder pressure, fuel consumption, air intake, exhaust gas composition, Brake power – Determination of frictional losses and indicated power – Performance test – Heat balance sheet and chart.

Engine Emissions and Control:SI Engine pollutants – Mechanism of pollution formation-HC,CONOx and smog – SI engine emission control- Catalytic converter CI Engine pollutants – Diesel smoke, types, factors influencing smoke- Particulate emissions –NOx , HC and Co emissions- Diesel engine pollution control methods

(15 hours)

Unit IV

Compressors: Classification – Reciprocating compressors:Principle of operation, work required, Isothermal efficiency volumetric efficiency and effect of clearance, stage compression, saving of work, minimum work condition for stage compression

Rotary (Positive displacement type) :Roots Blower, vane sealed compressor, screw compressor – mechanical details and principle of working – efficiency considerations. Axial Flow Compressors: Mechanical details and principle of operation – velocity triangles and energy transfer per stage degree of reaction, work done factor - isentropic efficiency- pressure rise calculations – Polytropic efficiency

(15 hours) Text books: 1. I.C. Engines / V. GANESAN- TMH 2. Heat engines, vasandan& Kumar publications Thermal References: 1. IC Engines – Mathur& Sharma – DhanpathRai& Sons. 2. Thermal Engineering / Rudramoorthy - TMH 3. IC engines - PS Gill and Smith - TMH 4. I.C. Engines / Heywood /McGrawHIll




Course Title: HYDRAULIC MACHINARY Course Code: ME 2411


• To study the classification of turbines and work done and efficiency of the different turbines and also study about draft tube theory and to determine the function efficiency.

• To study about specific speed and performance characteristics of different types of turbines. • To study types of centrifugal Pumps, work done and efficiency of the different types centrifugal

pumps and also study about performance of pumps & characteristic curves • viii) To study about hydroelectric power plant and estimation of hydropower potential.

Course Outcomes:

• Knowledge is useful for the selection of type of turbine required with reference to available head of water and also used for Identification of type of turbine with estimated specific speed.

• This study is also used for the estimation of efficiency and performance of the turbine with the study of characteristics curves.

• This study is also used for the estimation of efficiency of different pumps and performance of the pumps with the study of characteristics curves.

• Study is used for the design and planning of Hydroelectric Power plant with the available water resources and requirement of power.

Unit-1

Basics of the turbo machines : Hydrodynamic force of jets on stationery and moving flat, Inclined and curved vanes, jet striking centrally and at tip-velocity triangles at inlet and outlet expressions for work done and efficiency- angular momentum principle- applications to radial flow turbines.

(14 hours)

Unit-II Hydraulic turbines: Overshot and undershot water wheels-classification of Water turbines- Pelton Wheel-work done and working proportions, Francis, Kaplan and propeller turbines-work done and working proportions-draft tubes-types- governing of turbines-surge tanks. Performance of turbines: Performance under unit head- unit quantities-performance under specific conditions-specific speed- performance characteristics curves- model testing of turbines- cavitation.

(16 hours)

Unit- III Reciprocating pumps : Main components and working of a reciprocating pump-types of reciprocating pumps-power required to derive the pump, coefficient of discharge and slip indicator diagram- effect of acceleration head in suction and delivery pipes-effect of friction-maximum vacuum pressure, work saved by air vessels.

(15 hours)

Unit-IV

Centrifugal pumps: Classification, working, work done- Manometric head-losses and efficiencies-specific speed-pumps in series and parallel- performance characteristic curves, NPSH

Hydraulic devices: Hydraulic accumulator- Hydraulic Ingtensifier-Hydraulic ram, Hydraulic press, Hydraulic lift- Hydraulic crane

(15 hours)

Text books:

1. Hydraulic and Hydraulic Machines /Modi&Seth 2. Hydraulic Machines/Benga& Sharma

References:

1. Elements of Hydraulic Machines and Fluidics/JadgishLal. 2. Fluid Machanics& fluid power engineering by D.S. Kumar, S.K. Katiraia& Sons publications 3. Fluid Machanics& Hydraulic Machines by R.K. Bansal.




Course Title: DC MACHINES AND TRANSFORMERS Subject code: EEE 2410

L T P C 3 1 0 4 COURSE OBJECTIVES:

This course enables the students to:

� Learn different types of electromechanical energy conversion devices and their operating

principles.

� Understand the basic principles and operation of DC electrical machines.

� Judge the performance of a given machine through testing.

� Comprehend the construction and speed control techniques for different types of D.C

machines.

� Understand different types of transformers, construction and testing.

� Evaluate the various characteristics of ac machines for industrial applications.

� Learn the construction and principles of poly phase transformers.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this course the students are able to:

� Understand the principle of operation, constructional details of DC machines. � Analyze armature reaction which helps in investigating the performance of DC machines. � Identify the DC Machine to meet various load requirements by analyzing Load characteristics of

shunt, series and Compound machines. � Analyze the speed control of D.C. motors by understanding the concepts of back e.m.f, torque

developed. � Understand the necessity of starters for safe starting of dc motors. � Evaluate the performance of DC machine by calculating Losses and Efficiency. � Design experimental procedure for testing of DC machines. � Apply the three phase transformer in the industrial needs like electrical drives and agricultural

pumps etc.. � Understand parallel operation of transformer, three phase transformer, auto transformer and their

practical applications. � Analyze equivalent circuits of three phase transformers. � Understand the different testing methods for evaluating the various losses of the transformers

UNIT-I

INRODUCTION TO D.C. MACHINES, ARMATURE REACTION AND COMMUTATION Introduction of DC machines, e.m.f. equations for generators and motors, concept of lap and wave windings, magnetic circuits of DC machines and flux, Armature Reaction and commutation, inter-poles.

(12 hours) UNIT-II DC motors: Types-self excited and separately excited, characteristics, constant power and constant torque drives DC Generators: Types, voltage build up and external characteristics, starting, speed control of DC machines. Losses and efficiency, Swinburne’s and brake tests.

(16 hours) UNIT-III SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMERS Construction details, principle, emf equation, phasor diagrams, Equivalent circuit, OC and SC tests, losses, efficiency, parallel operation, magnetic inrush phenomenon.

(18 hours) UNIT-IV THREE PHASE TRANSFORMERS Connections - Y/Y, Y/∆, ∆ /Y, ∆ / ∆ and open ∆, vector groups, Scott connection.

(14 hours) - TEXT BOOKS

1. Nagrath I.J &Kothari D.P.: Electric Machines. TMH 2. Electrical machinery by P.S. Bhimbra, Khanna Publishers

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Fitzgerald – Electric Machinery, 6/e, TMH 2. Bhattacharya – Electrical Machines, 2/e, TMH 3. Mukherjee P K & Chakraborty S : Electrical Machines : Dhanpat Rai Pub. 4. Sen S K : Electrical Machines : Khanna Pub. 5. Clayton A.E.& Hancock N N : Performance & Design of Director Current Machines. CBS Pub. & Distributors. 6. Say M G : Performances & Design of A.C. Mechnies ; CBS Publishers & Distributors.




Course Title: CONTROL SYSTEMS

Subject code: EEE3 416



� Understand the principles of various types of control systems in daily life.

� Understand the basic concepts of transfer function for various systems.

� Analyze systems in time domain and frequency domain.

� Understand different compensators and controllers in time/frequency domain.

� Determine the stability of open-loop and closed-loop control systems using various methods.

COURSE OUTCOMES:


� Apply transfer function and state space model in continuous time control systems.

� Evaluate the overall transfer function of systems using block diagram and signal flow graph techniques.

� Analyze the transient and steady state performance of control systems.

� Investigate the stability of a system using time domain and frequency domain techniques.

� Design different compensators and controllers in time/frequency domain to improve the performance of

systems.

� Investigate the controllability and observability of control systems for pole placement at desired

locations.

UNIT – I MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF PHYSICAL SYSTEM S

Concepts of Control Systems- Open Loop and closed loop control systems and their differences- Different

examples of control systems-Classification of control systems, Mathematical models –Transfer functions and

Impulse Response-Simple electrical and mechanical systems, Feed-Back Characteristics-Effects of feedback,

Block diagram representation of systems-simple electrical systems -Block diagram algebra, Representation

by Signal flow graph– Reduction using Mason’s gain formula.

(15 Hours)

UNIT-II TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS

Standard test signals - Time response of first order systems – Characteristic Equation, Transient response of

second order systems – Derivation of time domain specifications – Steady state response - Steady state errors

and error constants-Generalized error series, Effects of P, PI, PD, PID controllers on a second order system,

The concept of stability, Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, Difficulties and limitations in RH stability

criterion, root locus concept, construction of root loci.

(15 Hours)

UNIT – III FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS

Introduction, Frequency domain specifications-Bode diagrams-Determination of Frequency domain

specifications and transfer function from the Bode Diagram- Stability Analysis from Bode Plots, Polar Plots-

Nyquist Plots- Stability Analysis from Nyquist plot.

(17 Hours)

UNIT – IV COMPENSATORS & STATE SPACE ANALYSIS

Compensation techniques – Lag, Lead, Lead-Lag Compensators, Concepts of state, state variables and state

model, derivation of state models for simple systems-Solving the Time invariant state Equations- State

Transition Matrix and it’s Properties-Transfer matrix determination from state space representation– Eigen

values, eigen vectors and diagonalization, Controllability and Observability.

(13 Hours)

TEXT BOOKS

1. I.J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control Systems Engineering”, New Age International (P) Limited,

Publishers, 2nd edition.

2. Katsuhiko Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 3rd edition, 1998.

3. B. C. Kuo, ”Automatic Control Systems”, John wiley and sons, 8th edition, 2003.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Norman. S. Nise, “Control Systems Engineering”, John wiley & Sons, 3rd Edition.

2. N. K. Sinha, “Control Systems”, New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, 3rd

Edition, 1998.




Course Title: ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION



� Understand the working principles associated with the electrical measuring instruments.

� Identify different methods to improve the accuracy and precision in the metering instruments. � Understand the different methods to measure the power and energy � Calibrate different meters by standard instruments. � Comprehend different methods for the measurement of different ranges of resistances, inductances,

capacitances. � Understand the balance conditions for both dc and ac bridges.

COURSE OUTCOMES:


� Judge a suitable instrument to obtain accurate readings.

� Measure high voltage and current in the power system using CT and PT.

� Measure power, power factor and energy in the power system using watt meter, pf meter and energy

meter respectively.

� Demonstrate the design considerations in basic instruments.

� Evaluate different methods of measuring R, L and C parameters in an electric network.

� Apply different methods to measure non electrical quantities (Temperature, Pressure etc) in

industries.

Subject code: EEE 3417

UNIT-I MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Classification – deflecting, control and damping torques – Ammeters and Voltmeters – PMMC, moving iron type instruments – expression for the deflecting torque and control torque – Errors and Compensations, extension of range using shunts and series resistance. CT and PT – Ratio and phase angle errors – design considerations Type of P.F. Meters – 1-ph dynamometer and moving iron type.

(15 hours) UNIT –II MEASUREMENT OF POWER AND ENERGY Single phase dynamometer wattmeter, LPF and UPF, Double element and three element dynamometer wattmeter, expression for deflecting and control torques – Extension of range of wattmeter using instrument transformers – Measurement of active and reactive powers in balanced and unbalanced systems. Single phase induction type energy meter – driving and braking torques – errors and compensations –testing by phantom loading using R.S.S. meter. Three phase energy meter – (Elementary treatment)

(14hours) UNIT – III D.C AND A.C BRIDGES Principle and operation of D.C. Crompton’s potentiometer – standardization – Measurement of unknown resistance, current, voltage. – applications. Method of measuring low, medium and high resistance – sensitivity of Wheat stone’s bridge – Carey Foster’s bridge, Kelvin’s double bridge for measuring low resistance, measurement of high resistance – loss of charge method. Measurement of inductance, Quality Factor - Maxwell’s bridge, Hay’s bridge, Anderson’s bridge, Owen’s bridge. Measurement of capacitance and loss angle - Desauty bridge. Wien’s bridge – Schering Bridge.

(17 hours) UNIT – IV CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTRUMENT Functional elements of an instrument – Static characteristics – Errors in measurement – Statistical evaluation of measurement data TRANSDUCERS AND MEASUREMENT OF NON ELECTRICAL QUANT ITIES Classification of transducers –– Resistive, capacitive & inductive transducers – Piezoelectric transducers – strain gauges – LVDT –-thermocouple. Transducers for measurement of displacement –– pressure

(14 hours) TEXT BOOKS 1. Electrical Measurements and measuring Instruments – by E.W. Golding and F.C. Widdis, fifth Edition, Wheeler Publishing. 2. Electrical & Electronic Measurement & Instruments by A.K.Sawhney Dhanpat Rai & Co. Publications. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Electrical Measurements – by Buckingham and Price, Prentice – Hall 2. Electrical Measurements by Harris. 3. Electrical Measurements: Fundamentals, Concepts, Applications – by Reissland, M.U, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers.




Course Title: FLUID MECHANICS & HYDRAULIC MACHINARY LAB

Course Code: CE 2213


i) To know the different types of flow using Reynolds apparatus ii) To verify the Bernoulli’s equation by using Bernoulli’s apparatus. iii) To determine the venturi coefficient by using venturi meter. iv) To find out the frictional losses in flow through pipes. v) To study the coefficient of contraction in an open orifice. vi) To study the coefficient of discharge in V- Notches and rectangular notch. vii) To studying the characteristic of a centrifugal pump. viii) To studying the characteristic curves of a pelton wheel and Frances turbine.

.

Course Outcomes:

a) Students can able to explain about units, dimensions and fluid statics and its applications. b) They can able to explain the fluid flow phenomena, types of fluid and its flow types. c) They can able to derive the continuity equation, momentum balance equation and also solve

problems. d) They can able to derive the mechanical energy balance equation with friction and without friction. e) They can able to explain and derive compressible fluid flow and flow processes. f) Students can capable to design turbines with the available heads. g) Student can able to identify the type of turbine with known specific speed. h) Student can able identify and design the pumps with known specific speed and manometric head.

LIST OF EXERCISES: 1. Calibration of Venturimeter& Orifice meter 2. Determination of Coefficient of discharge for a small orifice by a constant head method. 3. Determination of Coefficient of discharge for an external mouth piece by variable head method. 4. Calibration of contracted Rectangular Notch and /or Triangular Notch 5. Determination of Coefficient of loss of head in a sudden contraction and friction factor. 6. Verification of Bernoulli’s equation. 7. Impact of jet on vanes 8. Study of Hydraulic jump. 9. Performance test on Pelton wheel turbine 10. Performance test on Francis turbine. 11. Efficiency test on centrifugal pump. 12. Efficiency test on reciprocating pump.

** Any ten exercises of the above.




Course Title: DC MACHINES AND TRANSFORMERS LAB

Course Code: EEE 2214



� Evaluate the performance of DC machines by conducting no-load and on-load tests.

� Investigate maximum efficiency condition in DC machines under various loading conditions.

� Learn how to regulate the speed control of DC machine using various methods.

� Estimate and separate the various losses of DC machine by performing different tests.

� Understand the various performance characteristics of DC machines.

� Determine losses and efficiencies in transformers under various loading conditions.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

After the completion of the course, students are able to

� Apply the practical methods to find the performance of various types of DC machines.

� Identify a suitable method to find out performance characteristics of a DC machine.

� Investigate a suitable DC machine based on its performance characteristics.

� Design the circuits for safe operation of DC Machines.

� Apply the speed control techniques of DC motors. � Evaluate the performance of transformer by conducting OC and SC tests.

� Design the practical circuits for safe operation transformers.

List of experiments

1. Magnetization characteristics of DC shunt generator. Determination of critical field resistance

and critical speed.

2. Load test on DC shunt generator.

3. Load test on DC series generator. Determination of characteristics.

4. Load test on DC compound generator. Determination of characteristics.

5. Hopkinson’s test on DC shunt machines. Predetermination of efficiency.

6. Swinburne’s test and speed control of DC shunt motor.

7. Brake test on DC compound motor. Determination of performance curves.

8. O.C. & S.C. Tests on Single phase Transformer

9. Sumner’s test on a pair of single phase transformers

10. Load test on single phase transformer

11. Brake test on DC shunt motor. Determination of performance curves.

12. Retardation test on DC shunt motor. Determination of losses at rated speed.

13. Separation of losses in DC shunt motor.

14. Scott connection of transformers

Note: Any 10 of the above 14 experiments are to b

Department of Power Engineering ECE 2412 Analog and Digital ...

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