Department of Meteorology Maldives Implementation of Male’ Declaration on Control and Prevention...
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Department of MeteorologyMaldives
Implementation of Male’ Declaration on Implementation of Male’ Declaration on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution Control and Prevention of Air Pollution
and its Likely Transboundaryand its Likely TransboundaryEffects for South AsiaEffects for South Asia
MALDIVES
Refresher course
25 – 29 March 2008
MALDIVESMALDIVES
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVES
Introduction Location: About 500Km southwest of the Indian tip Consists about 1192 Islands ( biggest island is not more than
3sq km. Climate: Equatorial, Warm and Humid Experience two monsoon dry NE monsoon (Jan-March) and
wet SW monsoon ( May-Nov), April and Nov are transition. Non industrial, electricity provides by diesel generators Five airports, many boats, vessels for marine transport,
relatively more vehicles in the densely populated capital city.
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESInstitutional Arrangements
NIA
Department of Meteorology (DoM)
Monitoring
NFP
Ministry of Energy and Water (MEEW)
Sta
keh
old
er
foru
m
Ad
vis
ory
com
mit
tee
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
SHORE LINESCRUB
HANIMAADHOOSCRUBREEF LINE
REEF LINE SCRUBSHORE LINESCRUBSCRUBREEF LINE
JETTYAIRPORTSCRUBSHORE LINE
SHORE LINE
SHORE LINESCRUBJETTYSCRUBSCRUBSCRUBSCRUBTIMBERTIMBERTIMBERTIMBER
SCRUBREEF LINETIMBERSCRUBSHORE LINESCRUBTIMBERREEF LINE
APR (SW corner of apron)Threshold Runway 03Threshold Runway 21
Proposed site for HCO1.21.61.71.81.81.81.71.81.71.71.61.71.61.31.31.41.31.4BECON1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.61.4 1.51.4 1.51.5 1.4 1.71.71.6 1.5 1.71.71.41.41.41.51.51.51.41.41.41.41.41.41.41.41.41.4 1.5 1.7 1.81.71.4 1.31.3
SHORE LINESCRUB
HANIMAADHOOSCRUBREEF LINE
REEF LINE SCRUBSHORE LINESCRUBSCRUBREEF LINE
JETTYAIRPORTSCRUBSHORE LINE
SHORE LINE
SHORE LINESCRUBJETTYSCRUBSCRUBSCRUBSCRUBTIMBERTIMBERTIMBERTIMBER
SCRUBREEF LINETIMBERSCRUBSHORE LINESCRUBTIMBERREEF LINE
APR (SW corner of apron)Threshold Runway 03Threshold Runway 21
Proposed site for HCO1.21.61.71.81.81.81.71.81.71.71.61.71.61.31.31.41.31.4BECON1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.61.4 1.51.4 1.51.5 1.4 1.71.71.6 1.5 1.71.71.41.41.41.51.51.51.41.41.41.41.41.41.41.41.41.4 1.5 1.7 1.81.71.4 1.31.3
MALDIVESMALDIVESHanimaadhoo Island
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVES
►Wet only collector is operational, Filters and samples are sent to MISU,
► In Addition of NO2 and SO2, O3 filters are started to expose in May 2007
► All Three years DATA is received.
► Exposed filters are send to IVL, DATA receives.
W.Collector & P. Sampler
CORROSION RACK
NO2, SO2,O3, NO3,HNO3, PM, Fe,Zn,Cu,Painted, Lime stone
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESSO2
Monthly Average Concentratin of SO2 in µg/m3
Hanimaadhoo 6.7N 73E
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Ja
n
Fe
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Ma
r
Ap
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Ma
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Ju
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Ju
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Au
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Oct
No
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µg
/m3
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESNO2
Monthly Average Concentratin of NO2 in µg/m3
Hanimaadhoo 6.7N 73E
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3Ja
n
Fe
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Ma
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Ap
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Ma
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Ju
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Ju
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Au
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Oct
No
v
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µg
/m3
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVES Ave SO2 , NO2
(2003-2007) Average Concentratin of NO2 in µg/m3
Hanimaadhoo 6.7N 73E
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Ja
n
Fe
b
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Ju
n
Ju
l
Au
g
Se
p
Oct
No
v
De
c
µg
/m3 SO2
NO2
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESpH
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Jul
Aug
Sep Oct
Nov
Dec Ja
n
Months
pH
2005
2006
2007
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESSO4
0
200
400
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1000
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1400
1600Ju
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Jul
Au
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Oct
No
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Jan
µg
/l
2005
2006
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Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESNO3
0
200
400
600
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1000
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1400
1600
1800
2000Ju
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Au
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Oct
No
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µg
/l
2005
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2007
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVESAverage pH
0
1
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5
6
7Ju
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Au
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Se
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Oct
No
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Jan
Months
pH
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVES
Difficulties
Lack of trained technical staffs in the field. Long term training is not available within the country.
Department of MeteorologyMaldives
MALDIVESMALDIVES
Future Plan
Establishing Network for pH monitoring Start monitoring PM concentration in the capital city Start monitoring trace gases in central and southern part of
the country.
Thank You