Department of Environmental Science AARHUS UNIVERSITY NORTRIP, Helsinki, May 2012 NO x Emission...

Department of Environmental ScienceAARHUS UNIVERSITY NORTRIP, Helsinki, May 2012

NOx Emission factors in OSPM

Wind speed profiles in street canyons

NORTRIP – Helsinki meeting 2. May 2012

Matthias Ketzel

Department of Environmental Science (former NERI), Aarhus University, Denmark


Right Emission Factors for NOx ?!

Calculated hourly NOx concentrations from Hornsgatan in Stockholm for the time period 1July 2008 to 31 Dec 2009 using OSPM. Calculations based on a constant emissionfactor for NOx.

0 200 400 600 800 1000NOx (µg/m3) measured

0

200

400

600

800

1000

NO

x (µ

g/m

3 ) m

od

elle

d

Number of datapoints=12481Average X=120.0Average Y=54.1r=0.83

efNOx=0.62 g/vkm

0 200 400 600 800 1000NOx (µg/m3) measurments

0

200

400

600

800

1000

NO

x (µ

g/m

3)

mod

elle

d

Number of datapoints=12490Average X= 120.0Average Y= 104.6r=0.82

efNOx=1.4 g/vkm


OSPM runs for HCAB, Copenhagen

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018

NO

x in

µg

/m3

observation NOX_mod_uR0.82NOX_b NOX_modNOX_mod_Scale1.8

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018

NO

x e

mis

sio

nfa

cto

r in

mg

/ (ve

h k

m)

.

0

7

15

22

30

NO

2/N

Ox

ratio

in %

Ef_NOx fNO2_mod fNO2_obs

0.7 g/km

observed

Copert EF, fRoof=0.82

background


More on Validation of OSPM› using COPERT 4 emission factors

› factor fRoof = u_Roof / u_Mast = 0.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Sydhavnsgade H C AndersensBoulevard(3)

H C AndersensBoulevard(1)

Ågade Lyngbyvej(2) Jagtvej(1) Nordre Fasanvej(5) Fredensgade Englandsvej(2)

NO

2 (

µg/

m3)

Målinger - DCE Målinger - Force Modelberegninger (originale inputdata)

Department of Environmental ScienceAARHUS UNIVERSITY NORTRIP, Helsinki, May 2012 Application of OSPM for many locations

in DK

› Selection of 10 streets

in Copenhagen

› 5 weeks campaign

using passive samplers for NO2

”Blind Test” 10

2010 (including environmentat zone)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 6 7 29 62 127 137

NO

2 (

µg

m-3

)

Street Urban Background

Limit value

Department of Environmental ScienceAARHUS UNIVERSITY NORTRIP, Helsinki, May 2012 Application of OSPM for many locations

in DK”Blind Test” 10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80



Nørre Søgade Ågade Lyngbyvej(2) Jagtvej(1) NordreFasanvej(5)

Fredensgade Englandsvej(2)

NO

2 (

µg/

m3)

oriConf2011_5weeks_UBMbg

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80





NO

2 (

µg/

m3)


Passiv Samplers 5 weeks in 2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80





NO

2 (

µg/

m3)



observed 2011 - 5 weeks

0Sydhavnsgade H C Andersens

Boulevard(3)H C AndersensBoulevard(1)



buildings only on one side


Sydhavnsgade(South Harbour Street)

20 000 veh / day

49 000 veh / day

20 000 – 30 000 veh/d


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80





NO

2 (

µg/

m3)




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80





NO

2 (

µg/

m3)



Modif2011bgUBM_5Weeks

Application of OSPM for many locations in DK”Blind Test” 10

0Sydhavnsgade H C Andersens

Boulevard(3)H C AndersensBoulevard(1)




› factor fRoof = u_Roof / u_Mast

› 0.82 before

› 0.4 now


Hornsgatan


0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Wind Direction Roof

Win

d D

irec

tio

n S

tree

t


0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Wind Direction Roof

Win

d S

pee

d

wind speed 32m

wind speed 3m


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Wind Direction Roof

Win

d S

pee

d

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Wind Direction Roof

Win

d S

pee

d

wind speed 32m

wind speed 3m


CFD (MISKAM) calculations, WD=90

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1

U

Z

Street

Roof

H [m] U [m/s] RatioMast 5.5 1Roof 2 0.36Roof1 3.5 0.64

Street 0.55 0.10

0.50


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0

U

ZStreet

Roof

WD=120

H [m] U [m/s] RatioMast 7.5 1Roof 3.3 0.44Roof1 5.4 0.72

Street 0.25 0.03

0.58

Department of Environmental Science AARHUS UNIVERSITY NORTRIP, Helsinki, May 2012 NO x Emission...

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