Department for Education - Youth Unemployment

Raising Participation (16-18)

- Latest Data and Policies

NCVYS Strategy Group – 11 October 2011

Olly Newton

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Outline Understanding young people’s participation

1. What are young people currently engaged in?2. What does the latest participation data show?3. What does the latest attainment data show?4. What do we know about those not participating?

Supporting young people to participate

5. Prevention and early intervention.6. Raising attainment at 16.7. Supporting post-16 participation.9. Raising the Participation Age.10. The Participation Strategy.

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1,044,400 (82.2%)

are in Full Time

Education

80,700 (6.3%)are in Training 57,700 (4.5%)

are NEET

1. What are 16-17 year olds currently engaged in?

62,800 (4.9%)are in Work

Based Learning

25,700 (2.0%)are in Jobs

Without Training

Source: Statistical First Release, Participation in EET (June 2011)

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2. What does the latest participation data show?

• At the end of 2010, a record 91.6% of 16-17 year olds were participating in education or training.

• Meanwhile, the proportion of 16-18 year olds who were NEET fell significantly from 9.4% to 7.3%

Source: NEET Quarterly Brief – Q4 LFS Data (February 2011)

2008 2009 2010% pt change 2009 to

2010

Age 16 602,40091.1%

596,80093.7%

604,60096.1%

+2.4 ppts

Age 17 544,10080.2%

569,10085.2%

560,20087.2%

+2.0 ppts

2008 2009 2010% pt change 2009

to 2010

Age 16 33,1005.0%

24,5003.8%

14,2002.3%

-1.6 ppts

Age 17 60,8009.0%

47,9007.2%

43,5006.8%

-0.4 ppts

Age 18 116,30017.0%

114,60016.7%

84,10012.4%

-4.2 ppts

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• So whilst participation at age 16 is rapidly approaching 100%, there is further progress to make at age 17 by 2015…

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…and despite the welcome recent trends, international data shows that we are being outpaced by other countries.

Source: OECD - Education at a Glance (August 2010)

C23. Participation at age 17, net enrolment rate based on headcounts, 2008 (Source: OECD, EAG2010, Table C1.3)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

SARPI:SA-International Evidence Team, June '10

NEET – 23rd out of 27

Participation – 27th out of 30

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3. What does the latest attainment data show?

Attainment of Level 2 at 16 and Level 2/3 at 19

49.6% 50.5%53.1%

55.5%57.7% 59.1%

17.1% 18.8%19.0% 20.6%

21.1%21.4%

22.4%

42.2%45.6% 47.0% 48.3% 49.9% 51.6%

54.2%52.3%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

L2 at 16 L2 16 to 19 L3 at 19

66.8%69.2%

71.3%73.8%

76.7%79.1%

81.5%

19 in 2004 19 in 2006 19 in 2007 19 in 2008 19 in 2009 19 in 201019 in 2005

• Increasing attainment at 16 is helping to increase participation, which in turn supports achievement at 19.

Source: Statistical First Release, Attainment at 19 (March 2011)

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• There is a high degree of churn within the group, with some young people move rapidly between different activities at this age.

4. What do we know about those not participating?

• Just over one in six young people is NEET at some point in the two years following compulsory education, but only one in twenty-five for 12 months or more.

Source: Longitudinal Study of Young People in England

• One significant element of churn is between Jobs Without Training and NEET. Of those young people who were in a Job Without Training at 16, 18% were NEET by the age of 19.

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NEET - open to learning

41% of NEET

NEET undecided 22% of NEET

NEET - sustained 38% of NEET

JWT - transitional 17% of JWT

JWT - sustained 48% of JWT group

JWT - at risk of NEET 35% of JWT

Source: NfER (2009) Increasing Participation Understanding Young People who do not Participate in Education or Training at 16 and 17

4. What do we know about those not participating?• The group is very diverse, but there are some key segments:

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• Attainment at 16 is the most important factor influencing post-16 participation and attainment.

• 45% of those with no reported qualifications had spent 12 months NEET at 18, compared to 4% of those with 5-7 GCSEs at A*-C.

• Factors early on in a child’s life, including disadvantage, can have a strong impact on the likelihood of participation and attainment:

• By the age of 19, 54% of young people who had not claimed FSM had achieved Level 3, compared to 29% of those who had.

• There are strong links between young people who are not participating and vulnerable groups:

• 11% of 16-18 year olds who are NEET are teenage mothers.

Sources: LSYPE; DfE Level 2 and Level Attainment by Young People in England (March 2011); CCIS.

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Source: Client Caseload Information System

•The number and characteristics of young people who are not participating varies significantly between local areas

Percentage of 16-18 year olds NEET in each local authority in England (end 2010)

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• Increasing support in the early years, including maintaining universal Sure Start services and extending 15 hours of early education to disadvantaged 2 year olds.

• Reviewing the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) to ensure that it is more focused on young children’s learning and development and based on the latest research.

• Introducing the Early Intervention Grant to help invest in prevention. This is not ring-fenced to allow local authorities maximum flexibility to meet needs in their area.

• Incentivising schools to concentrate on the poorest children through the Pupil Premium, helping to narrow the gap in attainment between the richest and the poorest.

5. Early intervention and prevention

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• Supporting the teaching of phonics in primary schools to improve children’s reading as a solid base for learning.

• Increasing the number of Academies and Free Schools to provide heads with greater freedom and flexibility.

• Supporting University Technical Colleges to help young people develop high quality technical skills.

• Introducing the English Baccalaureate to provide a strong incentive for schools to encourage students to study the subjects that Higher Education and employers value.

• Developing a Destination Measure to show schools their success in helping pupils to progress on to learning and work.

6. Raising Attainment at 16

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• Increasing funding for 16-19 participation to provide more places, with a greater proportion focused on disadvantage.

• Providing more Apprenticeship places and reforming vocational education following the Wolf Report.

• Local authorities continuing to provide targeted support to young people NEET, funded through the Early Intervention Grant.

• Continuing the process of offering places in education and training to all 16-17 year olds, through the September Guarantee.

• Replacing EMA with a £180m bursary scheme to better target financial support on those young people who need it.

• Investing around £6m this year and next in voluntary sector programmes for young people.

7. Targeted Support Post 16

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• The culmination of all of these policies is our commitment to full participation by 16-17 year olds in education or training

• RPA is being introduced in two stages – until the end of the academic year in which a young person turns 17 from 2013, and until 18th birthday from 2015.

• The duty will apply to all young people aged 16-17 resident in England without a Level 3 qualification. They can participate in:

• Full time education, such as school, college or home education;

• Work based learning, such as an Apprenticeship; or

• Full-time work with part-time education alongside, if employed, self-employed or volunteering for more than 20 hours a week.

• The current Education Bill amends the original legislation to allow for enforcement for RPA to be introduced at a later date.

9. Raising the Participation Age (RPA)

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Phase 1: September 2009 to March 2010

11 areas (20 LAs)

3 models: Delivering a full IAG offer, re-engagement of 16-17 year olds and local solutions

Phase 2: April 2010 to March 2011:

Expanded to 16 areas (25 LAs)

Phase 3: April 2011 to March 2012

Expanded to 22 areas (35 LAs)

Shift from trial models to locally-led projects – all the areas developing their own approaches based on their local issues / priorities

Started in Phase 1: BarnsleyCumbria*DerbyEast SussexGreater ManchesterHertfordshireLambeth*NewcastleStaffordshireSwindonWandsworth

Started in Phase 2: Blackpool* Coventry, Warwickshire & SolihullEalingPlymouthWorcestershire

Started in Phase 3: Blackburn and DarwenBrighton and HoveCornwallEssexMedwayNottinghamPoole, Bournemouth & DorsetSheffieldYork

* Areas have not continued in phase 3

9. RPA – Locally-Led Delivery Projects

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Risk of NEET Indicators – Helping to target support on those young people who are most likely not to participate post-16.

Work pairings – Offering young people an intensive period of work experience and mentoring.

Managed Moves Protocol – Supporting young people to move between options without dropping out of learning.

Converting Jobs Without Training into Apprenticeships.

9. RPA – Locally-Led Delivery Projects

Some of the key areas of learning from the trials so far are:

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10. The Participation Strategy

• “The departments for Business, Innovation and Skills, Education and Work and Pensions have commissioned a cross government participation strategy. The strategy, to be published later in 2011, will set out how we intend to maximise participation of 16–24-year-olds in education, training and work and tackle the long-term consequences of young people being NEET for an extended period.”

• We are working towards a cross-government Participation Strategy for publication in the Autumn. This will focus on:

• Bringing together a coherent picture of reforms across government that will increase young people’s participation.

• Setting out clear examples of good practice.

• Addressing specific operational barriers in areas like data sharing and transition.

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Contact Details:

Olly Newton

- [email protected]

- 0114 274 2482

http://www.education.gov.uk/16to19/participation

Department for Education - Youth Unemployment

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