denominator

The number of equal parts into which the

whole (or ONE or unit) is divided.

14

23

34

denominator

density

A rate that compares the mass of an object

with its volume.

diagonal

A line of objects or

numbers from one corner to another one.

diagonal

A line that separates the

upper left to lower right or from the lower left to the

upper right.

diameter

A line segment that passes through the

center of a circle (or sphere) and has

endpoint on the circle.

difference

The amount by which one number is greater or less

than another.

27-522

difference

digit

One of the symbols 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9 which can be used to

write any number.

321

407,890

190,23476,241

8

digital clock

A clock that uses numbers to show the

time in hours and minutes, with a colon

used to separate them.

12:35hour

minutes

colon

dimension

A measure in one direction, for example,

length and width.

distributive property

A property that relates two

operations on numbers.

ax (x + y) = (a * x) + (a * y)multiplication over addition

ax (x – y) = (a * x) – (a * y)multiplication over subtraction

dividend

The total being shared.

12 ÷ 3 = 4

division

It is used to find how a total amount can be separated

into an equal number of groups.

division

A mathematical operation based on

“sharing” or “separating into

equal parts”.

12 ÷ 3 = 4

divisor

The number of equal parts or the

number in each equal part.

12 ÷ 3 = 4

divisibility test

A test to determine whether a whole

number is divisible by another whole number, without actually doing

the division.

dodecahedron

Any polyhedron with twelve faces.

double fact

The addition or multiplication facts

without turn-around partners.

4 + 4 = 8 2 + 2 = 4

3 X 3 = 9 1 X 1 =

1

edge

A line segment where two faces of a polyhedron

meet.

ellipse

A closed, oval, plane figure. An ellipse is the

path of a point that moves so the sum of its distance from two fixed points is

constant. Each of the fixed points is call a focus of the

ellipse.

endpoint

The point at the end of a line segment

or ray.

T S

endpoint

line segment

ray

equal-grouping

story

A number story that involves separating

something equally.

10 ÷ 2 = 5

Tom had 10 marbles. Half of the marbles were green.How many blue marbles did he have?

equal groups

A set with the same number of elements.

1 + 3 = 4

1 + 5 = 2 + 4

= =2

=11

equal-sharing story

A number story that involves

sharing something

equally.

Sue has 8 candy bars. Shewants to share them equally with her sister. How many bars will each one get?

8 ÷ 2 = 4

equation

A mathematical sentence that

states the quality of two quantities.

2 + 3 = 5

98 – 24 = 74

8 x 5 = 90 - 50

12 ÷ 3 = 4

equidistant marks

Marks equally distant from one

to the next.

equilateral

triangle

A polygon in which all sides are the same

length.

equivalent

Equal in value, but in a

different form.

½, 0.5, 50%

equivalent

equations

Equations that have the same solution.

2 + x = 46 + x = 8

equivalent

fractions

Fractions that have different numerators and denominators, but the same number.

equivalent names

Different ways of naming the same number.

16 XVI10 less than 26

20 - 44+4+4+4

(2 X 5) + 6

sixteen

half of 32 8 twos

llll llll llll l

equivalent ratios

Ratios that can be named by equivalent fractions.

estimate

A close, rather than the exact number.

57+22

60+20 80

estimate

estimate

A calculation of a close, rather than exact answer; a number close to another number.

57+22

60+20 80

estimate

even number

A whole number that has a

0,2,4,6,8 in the ones place.

20036

152

12,1448

even number

A whole number that has a

0,2,4,6,8 in the ones place and can be evenly divided

by 2.

20036

152

12,1448

event

A happening or

occurrence.

exploration

An independent

or small-group

activity.

concept development

manipulative

data collection

problem solving

skill review

games

exponent

The raised number in a power that

tells the number of times the base is used as a factor.

4 = 4 * 4 * 43

exponential

notation

A shorthand way of representing

repeated multiplication of the same factor.

4 = 4 * 4 * 43

expression

A group of mathematical symbols (numbers, operations

signs, variables, grouping symbols) that represents a number ( or can represent a number if values are

assigned to any variables it contains).

( 2 + 3) X (6 – 2) 5 X (6 – 2) 5 X 4

extended fact

A variation of a basic fact involving

multiples of 10, 100 or so on.

30 + 70 = 100

40 X 5 = 200560 ÷ 7 = 80

face

A flat surface that bounds a 3-dimensional

shape.

face

fact extension

s

Calculations of large numbers

using knowledge of basic facts.

5 + 8 = 1350 + 80 = 130

500 + 800 = 1300

fact family

Related addition and subtraction or multiplication

and division facts.

5 + 6 = 116 + 5 = 1111 – 5 = 611 – 6 = 5

5X7=357X5=3535÷7=535÷5=7

fact family

A group of addition or multiplication

facts together with the related

subtraction or division facts.

5 + 6 = 116 + 5 = 1111 – 5 = 611 – 6 = 5

5X7=357X5=3535÷7=535÷5=7

fact power

The ability to recall basic

numbers facts without having to figure them out.

fact table

A chart of rows and columns for use in finding +/-

or x/÷ facts.

fact tree

A method used to obtain the

prime.

fact triangle

Triangular card labeled with numbers of a fact family.

.12

4 8+,-

.12x,÷

4 3

factors

The numbers being

multiplied in a multiplication

number model.

4 X 3 = 12

factors

factors (noun)

A number that is multiplied by another

number. Factors may be whole numbers or rational numbers

expressed as fractions or decimals.

4, 3, and 2 are factors in 4 x 3 x 2 = 24; 0.5 and 25 are factors in 0.5 x 25 = 12.5

factors (verb)

To represent a number as a product of

factors.

Factor 246 x 4 = 24 3 x 8 = 241 x 24 = 24 2 x 3 x 4 = 24

factor pair

Two factors of a number n which whose product is

the number n.

The factor pairs of 21 are 1 and 21 and 3 and 7.

factor rainbow

A way of showing factor pairs in a list of all the factors of

a number.

factorization

The original number is represented as a product

of factors, and each of those factors is

represented as a product of factors, and so on, until the factor string consists

of prime numbers.

factorial

A product of a whole number and

all the smaller whole numbers

except 0.

3! = 3 * 2 * 1 = 6

3! Is read as “three factorial”

Fahrenheit

Customary system of

temperature measurement.

32o

212o

freezingpoint

boilingpoint

Fahrenheit

A scale for temperature

measurement.

32o

212o

freezingpoint

boilingpoint

flat surface

A non-curved side of a 3-dimensional

shape.

flat

Base-10 block

consisting of 100 ones.

flowchart

A diagram consisting of

symbols and arrows to sequentially show a series of steps to

complete a task.

Enter 4Multiplyby 5

Add 3 Readthe result

foot (ft)

A unit of length equal to 12

inches or 1/3 of a yard.

formula

A general rule for finding the value of

something. A formula is often written in

abbreviated form with letters, called

variables.

A formula for distance traveled can be written as d = r * t

where the variable d stands for distance,

r for speed, and t for time.

fraction

A number that shows part of an

object or group of objects.

fraction

A number in the form or a/b, where a and b are

whole numbers and b is not 0. Fractions are used to name part of a whole object, part of a whole collection of objects, to compare two quantities, or as the quotient of a

divided by b.

Frames and Arrows

Diagrams used to represent number

sequences according to a rule.

Rule

+ 5

arrow

arrow rule

5 10 15 20

frame

+ 5 + 5 + 5

frequency

The number of times a value occurs in a set

of data.

frequency graph

A graph showing how often each value in a data

set occurs.

frequency graph

A chart on which data is tallied to

find the frequency of given events or

values.

frequency table

A chart on which data is tallied to find the

frequency of given events or values.

fulcrum

The center support of a pan

balance.

function machine

A number put in is changed into a second number through the use

of the rule.

in out2

3

4

15

46

5

6

7

18

49

function machine

A diagram of an imaginary machine

programmed to process numbers

according to a certain rule.

in out2

3

4

15

46

5

6

7

18

49

gallon (gal)

A unit of capacity

equal to 4 quarts.

=

geometric solid

A 3-dimensional

shape bounded by

surfaces.

geometry

The study of spatial objects and

their properties and relationships.

gram (g)

A unit of mass.

= gram

= gram= gram

1000 grams = kilogram

greatest common

factor

The largest factor that two or more numbers

have in common.

The common factors 24and 36 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. The greatest

common factor is24 and 36 is 12.

guess

To estimate: judge tentatively or form an

estimate of (quantities or time); think: expect, believe,

or suppose .

height

How tall something

is.

height of a parallelogr

am

One of the sides of a parallelogram; also the length of this

side.

height of a rectangle

One of the sides of a rectangle; also length of this side. The length of the side perpendicular

to the base is the height of a rectangle.

height of 3-dimensional

figure

One face or a pair of faces on the figure. The height is

the length of a line segment drawn

perpendicular to a base of the figure that extends

from the base to the opposite face or vertex.

height of a triangle

One of the sides of a triangle; also, the length of

its side. The shortest distance between the base and the vertex opposite the

base is the height of a triangle.

heptagon

A 7-sided polygon.

1 2

3

4

5

6

7

hexagon

A 6-sided polygon.

1

2

3

4

5

6

hexagram

A star formed by extending each side of a regular hexagon into an

equilateral triangle.

Home Link

A follow-up or enrichment activity

done at home.

hypotenuse

In a right triangle, the side opposite

the right angle.

icosahedron

Regular polyhedron.

image

The reflection of a picture or object

that you see when you look through

a transparent mirror.

improper fraction

A fraction that names a number greater than

or equal to 1; a fraction whose

numerator is equal to or greater than its

denominator.

inch (in.)

A unit of measurement equal to 1/12

of a foot.

[

input

A number put into a function machine.

inequality

A number sequence stating that two

quantities are not equal, or might not

be equal.

= (not equal) < (less than) > (greater than) < (less than or equal) > (greater than or equal)3 < 10; 2 + 5 = 4 + 4

integer

Any whole number or its

opposite.

-2, 2, 6, -100 are examples of integers

interior

The set of all points of the plane “inside” a closed 2-

dimensional figure or a closed 3-dimensional figure. The interior is

usually not considered to be part of the figure.

interval

A set of numbers between two

numbers a and b, possible a or b.

a

b

a

intersect

To meet (at a point, line, and

so on).

irrational numbers

Numbers that cannot be written as fractions

where both the numerator and

denominator are integers and the denominator is

not 0.

π 11.00100 10000 11111 10110 … 3.14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 …

3.243F6A8885A308D31319… 22⁄7, 223⁄71, 355⁄113, ...