Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it
-
Upload
soumyanand -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
82 -
download
1
Transcript of Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it
![Page 1: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Dengue fever is a virus infection caused by the dengue virus. There are 4 kinds of dengue viruses.
What is dengue fever?
Close up of Aedes aegypti Mosquito
![Page 2: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
50-100 million dengue fever infections per year globally
500,000 cases of severe dengue, dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome
Average case fatality 5%
Incidence
![Page 3: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Endemic in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries.
Pandemic began in Southeast Asia after WW II with subsequent global spread.
Several epidemics since 1980s. Distribution is comparable to malaria.
Distribution
![Page 4: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Most Common Preys of Mosquito BitePeople of Humid Areas
![Page 5: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• New infections annually: 50 million• Deaths: 24,000 annually• People at risk: 2.5-3 billion• Hospitalized cases: 500 000/year
(90% of those affected are children)• Disease burden: 465,000 DisabilityAdjusted Life Years (DALY)
GLOBAL STATUS
![Page 6: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Aedes mosquito
Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus
![Page 7: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Symptoms of Dengue Fever
![Page 8: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are the most common mosquito-borne viral disease in the world.
Only the female mosquito feeds on blood. This is because they need the protein found in blood to produce eggs. Male mosquitoes feed only on plant nectar.
Do you know…
![Page 9: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The mosquito is attracted by the body odors, carbon dioxide and heat emitted from the animal or humans.
•The female Aedes mosquito searches for suitable places to lay their eggs.
•Aedes are day-biters, most active during dawn and dusk.
Do you know…
![Page 10: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Life Cycle Of Aedes Aegypti 14-21 days
4-5 Days 2 – 3 Days Eggs =300LarvaePupae
1-2 Days
![Page 11: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Virology Flavivirus familySmall enveloped viruses containing single stranded RNA Four distinct viral serotypes (Den-1, Den-2, Den-3, Den-4)
![Page 12: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PathophysiologyTransmitted by the bite of Aedes mosquito (Aedes aegypti) Incubation 3-14 days Acute illness and viremia 3-7 daysRecovery or progression to leakage phase
![Page 13: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Manifestation Of Dengue Virus Infections
ASYMPTOMATIC
DSS
SYMPTOMATICWithout haemorrhage
With unusual haemorrhage
No shock
Undifferentiated Fever
Dengue Fever
DengueHaemorrhagicFever
![Page 14: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
May be the most common manifestation of dengue
Prospective study found that 87% of students infected were either asymptomatic or only mildly symptomatic
Other prospective studies including all age- groups also demonstrate silent transmission
DS Burke, et al. A prospective study of dengue infections in Bangkok. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1988; 38:172-80.
A) Undifferentiated Fever
![Page 15: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Skin hemorrhages: petechiae, purpura, ecchymoses Gingival bleeding Nasal bleeding Gastro-intestinal bleeding:
hematemesis, melena, hematochezia Hematuria Increased menstrual flow
2B)Hemorrhagic Manifestationsof Dengue
![Page 16: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
purpura petechiae
Gingival bleeding Nasal bleeding
hematemesis
![Page 17: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1. Fever, or recent history of acute fever2. Hemorrhagic manifestations3. Low platelet count (100,000/mm3 or less)4. Objective evidence of “leaky capillaries:”
◦ elevated hematocrit (20% or more over baseline)
◦ low albumin◦ pleural or other effusions
C1) Clinical Case Definition forDengue Hemorrhagic Fever
![Page 18: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Abdominal pain - intense and sustained Persistent vomiting Abrupt change from fever to hypothermia,
with sweating and prostration Restlessness or somnolence
Martínez Torres E. Salud Pública Mex 37 (supl):29-44, 1995.
Danger Signs inDengue Hemorrhagic Fever
![Page 19: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Fluids Rest Antipyretics (avoid aspirin and non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs) Monitor blood pressure, hematocrit, platelet
count, level of consciousness
Treatment of Dengue Fever & DHF I & II
![Page 20: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
All above treatment + – In case of severe bleeding, give fresh whole blood
20 ml/kg as a bolus – Give platelet rich plasma transfusion exceptionally
when platelet counts are below 5,000–10,000/ mm3 .
– After blood transfusion, continue fluid therapy at 10 ml/kg/h and reduce it stepwise to bring it down to 3 ml/kg/h and maintain it for 24-48 hrs
Treatment of DHF III & IV
![Page 21: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Papaya Juice vs. Dengue ? Raw papaya leaves, 2 pcs just cleaned and pound and
squeeze with filter cloth. You will only get one tablespoon per leaf. So two tablespoon per serving once a day.
Do not boil or cook or rinse with hot water, it will loose its strength. Only the leafy part and no stem or sap.
Source: from Indonesia March 2005
Treatment of Dengue Fever
![Page 22: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Biological: Target larval stage of Aedes in large water
storage containers Larvivorous fish (Gambusia), endotoxin
producing bacteria (Bacillus), copepod crustaceans (mesocyclops)
Chemical: Insecticide treatment of water containers Space spraying (thermal fogs)
Prevention
![Page 23: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Timings Of the Mosquito Bite
Dawn Dusk
![Page 25: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
People Sleeping In Open Areas
![Page 26: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
People with more exposure
![Page 27: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Common Sites of Aedes Growth
![Page 28: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
LEVELS OF DENGUE CONTROL
![Page 32: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
A. STATE/ GOVERNMENT LEVEL MEASURES
B. COMMUNITY LEVEL MEASURES
C. INDIVIDUAL MEASURES
1. ERADICATION OF MOSQUITO BREEDING SITES & MOSQUITO ERADICATION
1. FORMULATE A HEALTH RELATED REPRESENTAIVE BODY
1. SHEILDING THE HOME , OWNSELF & FAMILY FROM MOSQUITOES
2. STOP FORMATION OF MOSQUITO BREEDING SITES & DO MOSQUITO ERADICATION
2. MOSQUITO ERADICATION
2. HEALTH EDUCATION 3. PARTICPATION IN HEALTH PROGRAMMES
3. EDUCATING MEMBERS OF FAMILY
3. DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT OF DENGUE CASES
4. COMMUNITY BASED MECHANISM OF REFERAL & TRANSPORTATION OF SUSPECTED CASES
4. CONSULTING THE PHYSICIANS ON SEEING SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE.
![Page 33: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
A. State responsibilities
![Page 34: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
It is the prime duty of the government to clean up all mosquito breeding sites e.g.
Stagnant Water Ponds Garbage Heaps Choked Sewerage and drainage system Regular Anti Mosquito spray in all localities 3.Lifting the living standard of people and
bringing them out of slums
A. State responsibilities1. Eradication of Mosquito breeding sites
![Page 35: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
State Responsibilities1. Eradication of Mosquito Breeding Sites
Stagnant Wate r Ponds
![Page 36: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
A. State responsibilities1. Eradication of Mosquito breeding sites
Regular emptying of Garbage Drums
![Page 37: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A. State responsibilities1. Eradication of Mosquito breeding sites
CHOKED SEWERAGE & DRAINAGE SYSTEM MUST BE REPAIRED
![Page 38: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
State Responsibilities1. Eradication of Mosquito Breeding Sites
Regular Anti Mosquito Sprays in Homes/ Farms/ Ponds and other potential mosquito breeding sites
![Page 39: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
State ResponsibilitiesLIFTING THE LIVING STANDARD OF PEOPLE
Raise the standard of living of its people and bring them out of filth
![Page 40: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
State Responsibilities2. Health Education
HEALTH EDUCATION IS KEY STEP IN PREVENTION OF ANY HEALTH PROBLEM
![Page 41: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
State Responsibilities2. Health Education
Disperse the information through electronic & Print media and Personal Communication
![Page 42: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
State Responsibilities3. Early Diagnosis & Treatment of Dengue Cases
Early Diagnosis And Treatment can Save All Lives
![Page 43: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
B . Community Responsibilities
![Page 44: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Community Responsibilities1. Formulate a Health Related Representative Body
![Page 45: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
I. Continuous liaison with Health DepartmentII. To be aware of and spread the awareness about the
Health Programmes offered by the Government and to efficiently participate in them.
III. To raise funds for the betterment of community health
IV. To keep a vigilant eye on proper execution of Health Related Programmes offered by Government.
The functions of this body should include:
![Page 46: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
B. Community Responsibilities1. Stop Formation Of Mosquito Breeding Sites
Do not pollute your area
Keep Lid Covered Dusts Bins in Streets
Ask Municipality to regularly Collect
the Garbage
![Page 47: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
C. Individual Responsibilities
![Page 48: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
The 10-MinuteMosquito Wipe-Out Exercise
![Page 49: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
This is what you can do to help…
C. Individual Responsibilities1. Eradication of Mosquito Breeding Sites
Change water in vases on alternate days.
![Page 50: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Remove water from flowerpot plates on alternate days.
![Page 52: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Turn over all pails and water storage containers.
![Page 53: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Clear blockages and put Bti insecticide in roof gutters
monthly.
![Page 54: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Do not litter. Rubbish such as cups and bottles can collect rain water and breed
mosquitoes.
![Page 55: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
If you are going on a holiday or vacating your home
![Page 56: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
C. Individual Level Measures
2.Ways to keep the Mosquitoes away
![Page 58: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Ways to keep the Mosquitoes away
Use Of Anti Mosquito Sprays
![Page 59: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Ways to keep the Mosquitoes away
Use of Coils Mats Electric Devices
![Page 60: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Ways to keep the Mosquitoes away
Use of Mosquito Nets and Mosquito Repellent Oils
![Page 61: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Ways to keep the Mosquitoes away
Use Doors with net
![Page 62: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Spread the dengue prevention message to others…
C. Individual Responsibilities
Let your family, friends and neighbours know about the dangers
![Page 63: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Quiz
![Page 64: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Why is the Aedes mosquito dangerous to us?
![Page 65: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
It can carry the dengue virus and infect a healthy person with dengue fever.
ANSWER:
![Page 66: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Name the 5 steps in the 10-Minute Dengue Wipe-out Exercise
![Page 67: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
1. Change water in vases on alternate.
2. Remove water from flowerpot plates on alternate days.
3. Turn over all pails and water storage containers.
4. Cover bamboo pole holders when not in use.
5. Clear blockages and put in Bti insecticide in roof gutters monthly.
ANSWER:
![Page 68: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
What are the things that you should do before going for a holiday?
![Page 69: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
• Cover all toilet bowls in your home.
• Seal off the overflow pipe of the flushing cistern.
• Cover all gully/floor traps.
• Add sand granular insecticide to places that mosquitoes could potentially breed, such as flower vases and places where stagnant water could not be removed.
• Clear blockages and add Bti insecticide in roof gutters.
• Turn over all pails and water storage containers.
• Ask a relative or close friend to check your home regularly for stagnant water if you are going away for a long period of time.
• Leave your contact with your neighbours or the neighbourhood police post/ centre so that you can be reached easily.
![Page 70: Dengue Fever and how to Prevent it](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042906/589e534e1a28ab1c7f8b68f1/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Thank You!