Dendroremediation of Brownfield Sites in Detroit, MI...Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding-2...
Transcript of Dendroremediation of Brownfield Sites in Detroit, MI...Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding-2...
D I A N E N E L S O N , F O R M E R P R O J E C T M A N A G E R T H E G R E E N I N G O F D E T R O I T J U N E 1 S T , 2 0 1 7
Dendroremediation of Brownfield Sites in Detroit, MI
Project History
• Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding-2010 ¡ Pilot project- 6,000 trees over 10 acres
• 8 current sites within Detroit with treatments on them
• Project duration- 10 years per treatment ¡ Currently year 5 for 2 treatments¡ Currently year 4 for 6 treatments¡ Currently year 3 for 6 treatments
Site Selection for project
• Requirements ¡ Within Detroit, Rouge River watershed¡ ≥ 2 acre parcel size¡ Part 201 brownfield÷ scored by MDEQ÷ documented contamination exceeding the “residential criteria”
¡ Background documents available¡ Void of structures¡ Access to water¡ Need permission/assess to work on site¡ Soil contains contaminants of interest (MI 10 heavy metals.
PAH’s)
Scope of Project- Sites
ó 8 Active Dendro Sites ó Maintenance
¡ Bi-weekly mowing¡ Weed control on active
plots¡ No tree maintenance on
active plots¡ No maintenance on
control plots
ó Data collection ¡ Tree Growth- 3
times/year¡ Soil sampling- year 1,5,10¡ Tissue sampling- year 5,10
ó Have 2 types of plot designs
Why Dendroremediation?
ó Remediation Benefits ¡ Little competition ¡ Large biomass, large root
network (Shallow and deep) ¡ Poplar and Willow species ÷ High uptake of organic
and inorganic molecules
ó Environmental benefits ¡ Reduce storm-water runoff ¡ Reduces blight ¡ Increases curbside appeal.
Image: www.intechopen.com
Scope of Project- Trees
Poplar Species
ó Cottonwood: Populus deltoides ó Dn34: P. deltoides x P.nigra ó Nm6: P. nigra x P. maximowiczii
Willow Species
ó White Willow: Salix alba ó Sx64: S. miyabeana ó Sx61- S. sachalinensis
Questions to be answered by Project
ó Question 1: Which of the three dendroremediation treatments (poplar genotype, willow genotype, or no treatment (control)), have the greatest impact on contaminants of interest (MI 10 Metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) on City of Detroit Brownfield properties at 2, 5 and 10 years?
ó Question 2: What is the survivability of poplar genotypes and willow genotypes on City of Detroit Brownfield properties?
ó Question 3: How cost effective is this Phytoremediation method for the City of Detroit?
Scope of Project- Plot Design 1
ó Created to answer Question 1 “What type of tree will be more effective at removing contaminants”
Scope of Project- Plot Design 2
ó Created to answer Question 2, “which type of tree will have the highest survivability”
Scope of Project-Site Design
ó Originally planned for each site ¡ Due to differences in
sites, this had to be amended
ó Each site has the following ¡ Q1 plots ¡ Q2 plots ¡ Control plots
Installation
ó Preliminary Drilling
ó Map out Design ó Clear active plots ó Preliminary Soil
sample ó Drilling depth- 3 ft ó Plant tree saplings ó Record any
changes to design
Sampling
ó Exploratory Soil Sampling ÷ Year 1
ó Comprehensive Soil Sampling ÷ Year 1 ÷ Year 5 ÷ Year 10
ó Survivability /Tree Growth ÷ 3 times a year
ó Plant Tissue Sampling ÷ Year 5 ÷ Year 10
Complications
ó Community engagement ¡ Approaching topic in non-
threatening way ó Blight on site ¡ Continued blight on sites,
constant cleanup ó Funding for sampling ¡ 1000’s of trees to be tested
What has the Data shown So Far??
Conclusions Thus Far
Conclusions Thus Far
Case Study: Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park óSoil: rocky, sandy, compact/clay óPrevious occupants: fencing company, Steel testing laboratory, restaurant óLocation: within city
Leonard óSoil: Dark, loamy, moist, easy to dig óPrevious occupants: Various schools, neighborhood park óLocation: within a neighborhood
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park Leonard
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park- 2014
Ferry Park- Late 2015
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Leonard B- 2014
Leonard B- late 2015
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park Leonard
Ferry Park vs. Leonard
Ferry Park Leonard
Conclusions
ó Almost mid way through project ó Soil/ vegetative sampling results are promising ó Tree health is not directly related to toxicant
concentrations within soil ó The next few years will be very exciting!