Demographic Proﬁle: Roswell€¦ · ROSWELL Decennial 2010 Proﬁle Children by Household Type...

Demographic Profile:Roswell

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Contents

• Decennial 2010 Profile

• Technical Notes, Decennial Profile

• ACS 2013-17 Profile

• Technical Notes, ACS Profile

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ROSWELL Decennial 2010 Profile

Sex and Age

80−84

75−79

85 and over

70−74

65−69

20−24

15−19

60−64

25−29

10−14

55−59

Under 5

30−34

5−9

40−44

50−54

35−39

45−49

4,000 2,000 0 2,000 4,000

Males

Females

Roswell

85 and over

80−84

75−79

70−74

65−69

60−64

55−59

20−24

Under 5

10−14

30−34

25−29

5−9

50−54

15−19

40−44

35−39

45−49

400,000 200,000 0 200,000 400,000

Males

Females

Georgia

2

Decennial 2010 Profile ROSWELL

Race and Latino Origin

66%

11%

4%

17%

2%

Non−Hispanic White

Non−Hispanic Black

Non−Hispanic Asian

Hispanic/Latino

Other

Roswell

56%30%

3%

9%2%

Non−Hispanic White

Non−Hispanic Black

Non−Hispanic Asian

Hispanic/Latino

Other

Georgia

3


Housing Tenure

52%

11%

31%

7%

Owner−occupied with mortgage

Owner−occupied free and clear

Renter−occupied

Vacant

Roswell

43%

15%

30%

12%

Owner−occupied with mortgage

Owner−occupied free and clear

Renter−occupied

Vacant

Georgia

4


Households by Type

54%

15%

31%

Husband−wife family

Single−headed family

Non−family

Roswell

48%

21%

31%

Husband−wife family

Single−headed family

Non−family

Georgia

5


Children by Household Type

72%

21%

6% 1%

Own parent(s), husband−wife family

Own parent, single−parent family

Other relative

Non−relative or group quarters

Roswell

57%28%

12%2%

Own parent(s), husband−wife family

Own parent, single−parent family

Other relative

Non−relative or group quarters

Georgia

6


SEX AND AGE Number PercentTotal population 88,346 100.0%

Under 5 years 6,512 7.4%5 to 9 years 6,472 7.3%10 to 14 years 6,059 6.9%15 to 19 years 5,172 5.9%20 to 24 years 4,271 4.8%25 to 29 years 5,789 6.6%30 to 34 years 6,355 7.2%35 to 39 years 7,014 7.9%40 to 44 years 6,886 7.8%45 to 49 years 6,974 7.9%50 to 54 years 6,740 7.6%55 to 59 years 5,892 6.7%60 to 64 years 5,024 5.7%65 to 69 years 3,236 3.7%70 to 74 years 1,950 2.2%75 to 79 years 1,459 1.7%80 to 84 years 1,221 1.4%85 years and over 1,320 1.5%

Median age (years) 37.6 (X)

16 years and over 68,120 77.1%18 years and over 65,775 74.5%21 years and over 63,450 71.8%62 years and over 12,051 13.6%65 years and over 9,186 10.4%

Male population 43,543 49.3%Under 5 years 3,385 3.8%5 to 9 years 3,264 3.7%10 to 14 years 3,182 3.6%15 to 19 years 2,727 3.1%20 to 24 years 2,304 2.6%25 to 29 years 2,963 3.4%30 to 34 years 3,190 3.6%35 to 39 years 3,449 3.9%40 to 44 years 3,402 3.9%45 to 49 years 3,315 3.8%50 to 54 years 3,212 3.6%55 to 59 years 2,773 3.1%60 to 64 years 2,413 2.7%65 to 69 years 1,571 1.8%70 to 74 years 873 1.0%75 to 79 years 626 0.7%80 to 84 years 468 0.5%85 years and over 426 0.5%


16 years and over 33,097 37.5%18 years and over 31,867 36.1%21 years and over 30,619 34.7%

Continued on next page...

7


SEX AND AGE (Continued) Number Percent62 years and over 5,333 6.0%65 years and over 3,964 4.5%

Female population 44,803 50.7%Under 5 years 3,127 3.5%5 to 9 years 3,208 3.6%10 to 14 years 2,877 3.3%15 to 19 years 2,445 2.8%20 to 24 years 1,967 2.2%25 to 29 years 2,826 3.2%30 to 34 years 3,165 3.6%35 to 39 years 3,565 4.0%40 to 44 years 3,484 3.9%45 to 49 years 3,659 4.1%50 to 54 years 3,528 4.0%55 to 59 years 3,119 3.5%60 to 64 years 2,611 3.0%65 to 69 years 1,665 1.9%70 to 74 years 1,077 1.2%75 to 79 years 833 0.9%80 to 84 years 753 0.9%85 years and over 894 1.0%


16 years and over 35,023 39.6%18 years and over 33,908 38.4%21 years and over 32,831 37.2%62 years and over 6,718 7.6%65 years and over 5,222 5.9%

RACE Number PercentTotal population 88,346 100.0%

One Race 86,105 97.5%White 66,010 74.7%Black or African American 10,373 11.7%American Indian and Alaska Native 261 0.3%Asian 3,565 4.0%

Asian Indian 1,356 1.5%Chinese 674 0.8%Filipino 172 0.2%Japanese 141 0.2%Korean 499 0.6%Vietnamese 219 0.2%Other Asian 504 0.6%

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 50 0.1%Native Hawaiian 11 0.0%Guamanian or Chamorro 14 0.0%Samoan 7 0.0%Other Pacific Islander 18 0.0%

Some Other Race 5,846 6.6%Two or More Races 2,241 2.5%

White; American Indian and Alaska Native 170 0.2%White; Asian 516 0.6%White; Black or African American 555 0.6%White; Some Other Race 432 0.5%


8


RACE (Continued) Number PercentRace alone or in combination with one or more other races:White 67,870 76.8%Black or African American 11,309 12.8%American Indian and Alaska Native 626 0.7%Asian 4,304 4.9%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 145 0.2%Some Other Race 6,511 7.4%

HISPANIC OR LATINO Number PercentTotal population 88,346 100.0%

Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 14,699 16.6%Mexican 10,144 11.5%Puerto Rican 699 0.8%Cuban 420 0.5%Other Hispanic or Latino 3,436 3.9%

Not Hispanic or Latino 73,647 83.4%

HISPANIC OR LATINO AND RACE Number PercentTotal population 88,346 100.0%

Hispanic or Latino 14,699 16.6%White alone 8,002 9.1%Black or African American alone 307 0.3%American Indian and Alaska Native alone 131 0.1%Asian alone 20 0.0%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 12 0.0%Some Other Race alone 5,531 6.3%Two or More Races 696 0.8%

Not Hispanic or Latino 73,647 83.4%White alone 58,008 65.7%Black or African American alone 10,066 11.4%American Indian and Alaska Native alone 130 0.1%Asian alone 3,545 4.0%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 38 0.0%Some Other Race alone 315 0.4%Two or More Races 1,545 1.7%

RELATIONSHIP Number PercentTotal population 88,346 100.0%

In households 87,830 99.4%Householder 33,945 38.4%Spouse 18,461 20.9%Child 26,035 29.5%

Own child under 18 years 21,005 23.8%Other relatives 4,617 5.2%

Under 18 years 1,286 1.5%65 years and over 727 0.8%

Nonrelatives 4,772 5.4%Under 18 years 253 0.3%65 years and over 144 0.2%

Unmarried partner 1,736 2.0%

In group quarters 516 0.6%Institutionalized population 356 0.4%

Male 131 0.1%Female 225 0.3%

Noninstitutionalized population 160 0.2%Continued on next page...

9


RELATIONSHIP (Continued) Number PercentMale 57 0.1%Female 103 0.1%

HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE Number PercentTotal households 33,945 100.0%

Family households (families) 23,422 69.0%With own children under 18 years 11,587 34.1%

Husband-wife family 18,461 54.4%With own children under 18 years 8,717 25.7%

Male householder, no wife present 1,395 4.1%With own children under 18 years 677 2.0%

Female householder, no husband present 3,566 10.5%With own children under 18 years 2,193 6.5%

Nonfamily households 10,523 31.0%Householder living alone 8,402 24.8%

Male 3,361 9.9%65 years and over 565 1.7%

Female 5,041 14.9%65 years and over 1,813 5.3%

Households with individuals under 18 years 12,250 36.1%Households with individuals 65 years and over 6,581 19.4%

Average household size 2.59 (X)Average family size 3.10 (X)

HOUSING OCCUPANCY Number PercentTotal housing units 36,344 100.0%

Occupied housing units 33,945 93.4%Vacant housing units 2,399 6.6%

For rent 1,141 3.1%Rented, not occupied 37 0.1%For sale only 576 1.6%Sold, not occupied 72 0.2%For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use 172 0.5%All other vacants 401 1.1%

Homeowner vacancy rate (percent) 2.5 (X)Rental vacancy rate (percent) 9.2 (X)

HOUSING TENURE Number PercentOccupied housing units 33,945 100.0%

Owner-occupied housing units 22,710 66.9%Population in owner-occupied housing units 58,768 (X)Average household size of owner-occupied units 2.59 (X)

Renter-occupied housing units 11,235 33.1%Population in renter-occupied housing units 29,062 (X)Average household size of renter-occupied units 2.59 (X)

Notes:∞ Data could not be computed (see Technical Notes).

Report prepared by Emory University’s Policy Analysis Laboratory andTerra Cognita Consulting, LLC in cooperation with Neighborhood Nexus.

10

Technical Notes, Decennial Profile

This report features demographic profiles based on the Census Bureaus 2010 Census of Populationand Housing. These profiles follow precisely the order, format, and content of the DP-1 profiles availablevia the Census Bureaus American Fact Finder online system.

Why is there so much less data in this report than in the 2000 De mographic Profiles?

The short answer is that the 2010 Census form asked only 10 questions, and that many items of interest(e.g. income, educational attainment, employment status, rents paid) no longer appear on the question-naire.

A longer answer involves a bit of history to understand recent changes in how the Census Bureaucollects data. First, it is worth noting that the decennial census is a constitutional requirement– Article I,Section 2 requires an enumeration of inhabitants once every 10 years to determine apportionment of theHouse of Representatives. But the only constitutional requirement is the count itself; the government haslong seen fit to gather other data about the nation as an add-on to this process. Indeed, from 1940 until2000, the Census Bureau actually conducted a census (counting of the entire population) simultaneouslywith a survey (measuring a sample of the population) simultaneously: most households received a ”shortform” with basic questions (e.g. age, sex, race), while a ”long form” with everything contained on the ”shortform” plus many other topics (e.g. educational attainment, occupation, income) was administered to asample of households (varied by year and other factors, but roughly 1 in 7 households).

Because the decennial census takes place only once every ten years, it provides a single ”snapshot”of the country. But policymakers wanted to have more timely data, so the Census Bureau moved to anew ”continuous measurement” model followed by the American Community Survey (ACS), which had itsnationwide launch in 2005. The ACS is a nationwide survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau ona continuous, rolling basis. It is intended to replace the ”long form” that has been a component of thedecennial census for the last several decades.

So will the most recent ACS fill in for the missing 2010 data?

Though the ACS is intended to replace the decennial long form, it is not a direct substitute. The twodiffer in many important ways, but we will focus on a few key points.

First, as mentioned above, the ”continuous measurement” model means that the ACS is not a snapshotfor any particular point in time. So while the decennial census measured where people lived on Census Day(historically April 1st of years ending in 0), the ACS looks at where people live on the day they are surveyed.For example, ACS income measures look at the 12-month period preceding the survey date, while thedecennial looked at the previous calendar year. Second, the ACS sample is much smaller than that of thedecennial census: roughly 2.5% each year. Even pooling the data over a 5-year period yields a combinedsample of only about 12.5%, considerably smaller than the roughly 16.7% sampled in the decennial census;the implications of this smaller sample on the margin of error for estimates is discussed below. Third, thepooling across years required to yield a decent-sized sample for smaller areas creates complications forinterpretation. Whereas the decennial census allowed one to say, ”on April 1, 2000, X% of the populationin region Y was unemployed,” we must now say ”over the course of the period 2005-2009, on average X%of the population in region Y was unemployed.”

When faced with a period of rapid change such as the onset of the ”Great Recession,” having a pooledestimate over a 5-year period is much less helpful than having a firm snapshot at a single point in time. Sowhile the ACS has been of great help to policymakers interested in the effects of the Great Recession on

large geographies such as states, counties, and major cities (areas for which 1-year or 3-year estimatesare available), it has created new challenges for people interested in small cities and neighborhoods withinlarger cities.

To learn more about the ACS, how to use it, and how it differs from the decennial census, please referto the Census Bureau’s publication A Compass for Understanding and Using American Community SurveyData: What General Data Users Need to Know.

How do you estimate medians, and why cannot they be estimated all of the time?

The median is that value that marks the 50% line in a population: 50% of the population is above themedian and 50% is below. With individual level data, one can simply sort the data and find the middlevalue (if the number of items is odd) or take the average of the two middlemost values (if the number ofitems is even). However, the Census Bureau reports grouped data, e.g. how many households fall into aparticular income range. Estimating medians from grouped data involves finding the range that contains themiddlemost value, then estimating the point within that range that the middlemost value would occupy. Themedian cannot be estimated if it falls within a range lacking a minimum or maximum value.

Why do you note that some figures are based on tract-level data ?

The Census Bureau reports most of the data used in this report at the census block level, a very granularlevel of geography. However, some data are reported only for census tracts, which are generally muchlarger. Because the geographic areas in this report are built from blocks, data reported only for tracts mustbe re-estimated to the block level. We do this by assigning tract-level data to blocks based on the proportionof the tract population residing within each block comprising that tract.

Why do you note that certain fields in this report may differ sl ightly from DP-1 totals?

A very small number of data fields were reported differently in the SF1 release (where block-level dataare made available) and in the DP-1 release (data released no lower than the tract. For example, thequestion of whether Chinese and Taiwanese are the same nationality was handled differently in the tworeleases. Though minor, these differences are flagged in our reports.

ROSWELL ACS 2013-17 Profile

Percent without a High School Diploma or GED

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt

Roswell Fulton County Atlanta Regional Commission Georgia

Percent with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent


Note: Bars represent the margin of error around each estimated value.

2

ACS 2013-17 Profile ROSWELL

Percent Foreign-Born

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent


Percent Speaking a Language other than English at Home

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent



3


Percent Owner-Occupied

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt


Median Value of Owner-Occupied Housing Units

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

Dol

lars



4


Homeowner Vacancy Rate

0

20

40

60

80

100

Rat

e


Rental Vacancy Rate

0

20

40

60

80

100

Rat

e



5


Percent of Homeowners for whom Selected Monthly Owner Costs Exceed 30% of Income

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt


Percent of Housing Units Built Since 2000

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent



6


Percent of Persons Living outside Home County 1 Year Earlier

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent


Median Household Income

0

40,000

80,000

120,000

160,000

Dol

lars



7


Percent Civilian Unemployed

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt


Percent in Poverty

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent



8


Selected Social Characteristics

HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal households 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

Family households (families) 23,426 ±647 68.5% ±1.3With own children of the householder under 18 years 11,660 ±644 34.1% ±1.8

Married-couple family 18,760 ±714 54.8% ±1.8With own children of the householder under 18 years 8,899 ±514 26.0% ±1.4

Male householder, no wife present, family 1,655 ±282 4.8% ±0.8With own children of the householder under 18 years 976 ±211 2.9% ±0.6

Female householder, no husband present, family 3,011 ±421 8.8% ±1.2With own children of the householder under 18 years 1,785 ±325 5.2% ±0.9

Nonfamily households 10,788 ±811 31.5% ±2.3Householder living alone 8,607 ±750 25.2% ±2.165 years and over 2,564 ±351 7.5% ±1.0

Households with one or more people under 18 years 12,202 ±457 35.7% ±1.1Households with one or more people 65 years and over 7,193 ±382 21.0% ±1.0

Average household size 2.74 ±0.05 (X) (X)Average family size 3.29 ±0.11 (X) (X)

RELATIONSHIP Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation in households 93,727 ±165 93,727 (X)

Householder 34,214 ±1,037 36.5% ±1.1Spouse 18,653 ±695 19.9% ±0.7Child 29,992 ±924 32.0% ±1.0Other relatives 4,906 ±756 5.2% ±0.8Nonrelatives 5,962 ±931 6.4% ±1.0

Unmarried partner 1,978 ±350 2.1% ±0.4

MARITAL STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorMales 15 years and over 37,228 ±911 37,228 (X)

Never married 13,009 ±998 34.9% ±2.5Now married, except separated 20,412 ±899 54.8% ±2.0Separated 182 ±97 0.5% ±0.3Widowed 769 ±266 2.1% ±0.7Divorced 2,856 ±478 7.7% ±1.3

Females 15 years and over 37,300 ±898 37,300 (X)Never married 10,791 ±869 28.9% ±2.2Now married, except separated 19,442 ±730 52.1% ±1.5Separated 503 ±201 1.3% ±0.5Widowed 2,314 ±331 6.2% ±0.9Divorced 4,250 ±530 11.4% ±1.4

FERTILITY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorNumber of women 15 to 50 years old who had a birthin the past 12 months

1,424 ±316 1,424 (X)

Unmarried women (widowed, divorced, and never married) 328 ±190 23.0% ±12.3Per 1,000 unmarried women 28 ±16 (X) (X)

Per 1,000 women 15 to 50 years old 64 ±14 (X) (X)Per 1,000 women 15 to 19 years old 18 ±24 (X) (X)Per 1,000 women 20 to 34 years old 92 ±30 (X) (X)Per 1,000 women 35 to 50 years old 54 ±18 (X) (X)

9


GRANDPARENTS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorNumber of grandparents living with own grandchil-dren under 18 years

1,055 ±285 1,055 (X)

Grandparents responsible for grandchildren 289 ±160 27.4% ±13.2Years responsible for grandchildren

Less than 1 year 139 ±110 13.2% ±9.81 or 2 years 14 ±21 1.3% ±2.03 or 4 years 110 ±116 10.4% ±10.65 or more years 26 ±30 2.5% ±2.8

Number of grandparents responsible for own grand-children under 18 years

289 ±160 289 (X)

Who are female 212 ±123 73.4% ±12.7Who are married 112 ±113 38.8% ±32.7

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 3 years and over enrolled in school 23,560 ±1,029 23,560 (X)

Nursery school, preschool 1,976 ±311 8.4% ±1.3Kindergarten 1,443 ±287 6.1% ±1.2Elementary school (grades 1-8) 10,245 ±723 43.5% ±2.4High school (grades 9-12) 5,494 ±516 23.3% ±1.9College or graduate school 4,402 ±551 18.7% ±2.2

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 25 years and over 63,954 ±942 63,954 (X)

Less than 9th grade 2,604 ±677 4.1% ±1.19th to 12th grade, no diploma 2,109 ±408 3.3% ±0.6High school graduate (includes equivalency) 9,281 ±831 14.5% ±1.3Some college, no degree 9,778 ±855 15.3% ±1.3Associate’s degree 4,092 ±493 6.4% ±0.8Bachelor’s degree 23,766 ±996 37.2% ±1.5Graduate or professional degree 12,324 ±756 19.3% ±1.1

Percent high school graduate or higher 92.6% ±2.5 (X) (X)Percent bachelor’s degree or higher 56.4% ±1.8 (X) (X)

VETERAN STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian population 18 years and over 70,247 ±920 70,247 (X)

Civilian veterans 4,146 ±466 5.9% ±0.7

DISABILITY STATUS OF THE CIVILIAN NON-INSTITUTIONALIZED POPULATION

Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of Error

Total Civilian Noninstitutionalized Population 93,877 ±157 93,877 (X)With a disability 7,262 ±631 7.7% ±0.7

Under 18 years 23,944 ±1,154 23,944 (X)With a disability 688 ±211 2.9% ±0.9

18 to 64 years 59,292 ±1,493 59,292 (X)With a disability 3,383 ±476 5.7% ±0.8

65 years and over 10,641 ±592 10,641 (X)With a disability 3,191 ±356 30.0% ±2.9

10


RESIDENCE 1 YEAR AGO Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 1 year and over 92,888 ±336 92,888 (X)

Same house 79,478 ±1,419 85.6% ±1.5Different house in the U.S. 12,556 ±1,458 13.5% ±1.6

Same county 6,268 ±815 6.7% ±0.9Different county 6,288 ±1,210 6.8% ±1.3Same state 3,721 ±992 4.0% ±1.1Different state 2,567 ±692 2.8% ±0.7

Abroad 854 ±431 0.9% ±0.5

PLACE OF BIRTH Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 94,239 ±88 94,239 (X)

Native 76,947 ±1,267 81.7% ±1.3Born in United States 75,530 ±1,716 80.1% ±1.8State of residence 30,780 ±1,062 32.7% ±1.1Different state 44,750 ±1,348 47.5% ±1.4

Born in Puerto Rico, U.S. Island areas, or born abroad toAmerican parent(s)

1,417 ±355 1.5% ±0.4

Foreign born 17,292 ±1,284 18.3% ±1.4

U.S. CITIZENSHIP STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorForeign-born population 17,292 ±1,284 17,292 (X)

Naturalized U.S. citizen 6,931 ±854 40.1% ±3.9Not a U.S. citizen 10,361 ±1,221 59.9% ±5.5

YEAR OF ENTRY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation born outside the United States 18,709 ±1,301 18,709 (X)

Native 1,417 ±321 1,417 (X)Entered 2010 or later 142 ±93 10.0% ±6.2Entered before 2010 1,275 ±307 90.0% ±7.4

Foreign born 17,292 ±1,284 17,292 (X)Entered 2010 or later 2,911 ±743 16.8% ±4.1Entered before 2010 14,381 ±1,233 83.2% ±3.6

WORLD REGION OF BIRTH OF FOREIGN BORN Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorForeign-born population, excluding population bornat sea

17,292 ±1,284 17,292 (X)

Europe 2,200 ±506 12.7% ±2.8Asia 4,654 ±874 26.9% ±4.6Africa 1,723 ±425 10.0% ±2.3Oceania 35 ±34 0.2% ±0.2Latin America 8,120 ±989 47.0% ±4.5Northern America 560 ±179 3.2% ±1.0

LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 5 years and over 87,258 ±618 87,258 (X)

English only 66,617 ±1,699 76.3% ±1.9Language other than English 20,641 ±1,628 23.7% ±1.9

Speak English less than ’very well’ 8,972 ±1,114 10.3% ±1.3Spanish 11,485 ±1,157 13.2% ±1.3Speak English less than ’very well’ 6,233 ±967 7.1% ±1.1

Other Indo-European languages 4,990 ±858 5.7% ±1.0Speak English less than ’very well’ 1,074 ±353 1.2% ±0.4

Asian and Pacific Islander languages 2,053 ±507 2.4% ±0.6Speak English less than ’very well’ 823 ±278 0.9% ±0.3

Other languages 2,113 ±566 2.4% ±0.6Speak English less than ’very well’ 842 ±321 1.0% ±0.4

11


ANCESTRY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 94,239 ±88 94,239 (X)

American 6,781 ±1,047 7.2% ±1.1Arab 1,588 ±634 1.7% ±0.7Czech 342 ±144 0.4% ±0.2Danish 321 ±163 0.3% ±0.2Dutch 1,073 ±342 1.1% ±0.4English 11,309 ±1,041 12.0% ±1.1French (except Basque) 1,905 ±354 2.0% ±0.4French Canadian 378 ±153 0.4% ±0.2German 10,346 ±974 11.0% ±1.0Greek 542 ±284 0.6% ±0.3Hungarian 404 ±142 0.4% ±0.2Irish 9,681 ±1,058 10.3% ±1.1Italian 5,866 ±791 6.2% ±0.8Lithuanian 285 ±147 0.3% ±0.2Norwegian 655 ±197 0.7% ±0.2Polish 2,475 ±461 2.6% ±0.5Portuguese 490 ±486 0.5% ±0.5Russian 1,310 ±389 1.4% ±0.4Scotch-Irish 1,741 ±395 1.8% ±0.4Scottish 2,492 ±468 2.6% ±0.5Slovak 128 ±82 0.1% ±0.1Subsaharan African 1,957 ±558 2.1% ±0.6Swedish 902 ±368 1.0% ±0.4Swiss 222 ±98 0.2% ±0.1Ukranian 317 ±147 0.3% ±0.2Welsh 539 ±163 0.6% ±0.2West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups) 1,242 ±538 1.3% ±0.6

COMPUTERS AND INTERNET USE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal Households 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

With a computer 32,600 ±652 95.3% ±0.3With a broadband Internet subscription 30,445 ±685 89.0% ±1.0

12


Selected Economic Characteristics

EMPLOYMENT STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 16 years and over 72,883 ±900 72,883 (X)

In labor force 51,936 ±1,665 71.3% ±2.1Civilian labor force 51,888 ±1,663 71.2% ±2.1Employed 49,970 ±1,649 68.6% ±2.1Unemployed 1,918 ±344 2.6% ±0.5

Armed Forces 48 ±132 0.1% ±0.2Not in labor force 20,947 ±1,016 28.7% ±1.3

Civilian labor force 51,888 ±1,663 51,888 (X)Unemployment Rate 3.7% ±0.7 (X) (X)

Females 16 years and over 36,504 ±917 36,504 (X)In labor force 23,406 ±1,096 64.1% ±2.5

Civilian labor force 23,373 ±1,094 64.0% ±2.5Employed 22,312 ±1,083 61.1% ±2.5

own children of the householder under 6 years 7,965 ±669 7,965 (X)All parents in family in labor force 5,253 ±733 66.0% ±7.4

own children of the householder 6 to 17 years 15,447 ±978 15,447 (X)All parents in family in labor force 10,747 ±1,044 69.6% ±5.1

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COMMUTING TO WORK Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorWorkers 16 years and over 48,993 ±1,284 48,993 (X)

Car, truck, or van – drove alone 36,773 ±1,339 75.1% ±1.9Car, truck, or van – carpooled 4,103 ±746 8.4% ±1.5Public transportation (excluding taxicab) 1,445 ±375 2.9% ±0.8Walked 954 ±361 1.9% ±0.7Other means 938 ±395 1.9% ±0.8Worked at home 4,780 ±516 9.8% ±1.0

Mean travel time to work (minutes) 29.2 ±0.6 (X) (X)

OCCUPATION Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian employed population 16 years and over 49,970 ±1,649 49,970 (X)

Management, business, science, and arts occupations 24,966 ±1,026 50.0% ±1.2Service occupations 7,758 ±904 15.5% ±1.7Sales and office occupations 11,971 ±799 24.0% ±1.4Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupa-tions

2,193 ±442 4.4% ±0.9

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 3,082 ±467 6.2% ±0.9

INDUSTRY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian employed population 16 years and over 49,970 ±1,649 49,970 (X)

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 475 ±197 1.0% ±0.4Construction 2,494 ±496 5.0% ±1.0Manufacturing 3,307 ±465 6.6% ±0.9Wholesale trade 1,672 ±279 3.3% ±0.5Retail trade 5,496 ±598 11.0% ±1.1Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 1,672 ±275 3.3% ±0.5Information 1,893 ±314 3.8% ±0.6Finance and insurance, and real estate and rental and leasing 5,567 ±583 11.1% ±1.1Professional, scientific, and management, and administrativeand waste management services

10,844 ±798 21.7% ±1.1

Educational services, and health care and social assistance 6,860 ±625 13.7% ±1.1Arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation andfood services

6,301 ±749 12.6% ±1.4

Other services, except public administration 2,366 ±413 4.7% ±0.8Public administration 1,023 ±240 2.0% ±0.5

CLASS OF WORKER Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian employed population 16 years and over 49,970 ±1,649 49,970 (X)

Private wage and salary workers 43,122 ±1,430 86.3% ±0.3Government workers 3,254 ±435 6.5% ±0.8Self-employed in own not incorporated business workers 3,563 ±504 7.1% ±1.0Unpaid family workers 31 ±37 0.1% ±0.1

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INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2017 INFLATION-ADJUSTEDDOLLARS)


Total households 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)Less than $10,000 875 ±244 2.6% ±0.7$10,000 to $14,999 625 ±186 1.8% ±0.5$15,000 to $24,999 2,120 ±345 6.2% ±1.0$25,000 to $34,999 2,713 ±449 7.9% ±1.3$35,000 to $49,999 3,548 ±485 10.4% ±1.3$50,000 to $74,999 5,418 ±563 15.8% ±1.3$75,000 to $99,999 3,689 ±425 10.8% ±1.2$100,000 to $149,999 6,247 ±547 18.3% ±1.6$150,000 to $199,999 3,327 ±365 9.7% ±1.0$200,000 or more 5,652 ±460 16.5% ±1.3Median household income (dollars) 87,911 ±3,449 (X) (X)Mean household income (dollars) 120,391 ±3,796 (X) (X)

With earnings 29,599 ±660 86.5% ±0.9Mean earnings (dollars) 119,538 ±3,948 (X) (X)

With Social Security 6,941 ±389 20.3% ±1.1Mean Social Security income (dollars) 22,430 ±514 (X) (X)

With retirement income 4,710 ±411 13.8% ±1.2Mean retirement income (dollars) 31,663 ±4,108 (X) (X)

With Supplemental Security Income 572 ±166 1.7% ±0.5Mean Supplemental Security Income (dollars) 14,209 ±4,052 (X) (X)

With cash public assistance income 333 ±150 1.0% ±0.4Mean cash public assistance income (dollars) 2,421 ±740 (X) (X)

With Food Stamp/SNAP benefits in the past 12 months 2,058 ±356 6.0% ±1.0

Families 23,426 ±647 23,426 (X)Less than $10,000 391 ±133 1.7% ±0.6$10,000 to $14,999 268 ±116 1.1% ±0.5$15,000 to $24,999 969 ±259 4.1% ±1.1$25,000 to $34,999 1,711 ±372 7.3% ±1.6$35,000 to $49,999 1,724 ±323 7.4% ±1.4$50,000 to $74,999 3,239 ±441 13.8% ±1.8$75,000 to $99,999 2,402 ±330 10.3% ±1.4$100,000 to $149,999 4,852 ±508 20.7% ±2.1$150,000 to $199,999 2,705 ±313 11.5% ±1.3$200,000 or more 5,165 ±453 22.0% ±1.8Median family income (dollars) 106,484 ±3,635 (X) (X)Mean family income (dollars) 140,010 ±4,757 (X) (X)

Per capita income (dollars) 45,437 ±1,742 (X) (X)

Nonfamily households 10,788 ±811 10,788 (X)Median nonfamily income (dollars) 53,382 ±5,373 (X) (X)Mean nonfamily income (dollars) 74,198 ±7,280 (X) (X)

Median earnings for workers (dollars) 40,907 ±1,740 (X) (X)Median earnings for male full-time, year-round workers (dol-lars)

67,578 ±7,859 (X) (X)

Median earnings for female full-time, year-round workers (dol-lars)

49,383 ±3,348 (X) (X)

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HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian noninstitutionalized population 93,877 ±157 93,877 (X)With health insurance coverage 81,250 ±1,692 86.5% ±1.8With private health insurance 70,928 ±1,672 75.6% ±1.8With public coverage 18,706 ±1,134 19.9% ±1.2No health insurance coverage 12,627 ±1,197 13.5% ±1.3

Civilian noninstitutionalized population under 1 years 25,127 ±910 25,127 (X)No health insurance coverage 2,099 ±620 8.4% ±2.4

Civilian noninstitutionalized population 19 to 64 years 58,109 ±995 58,109 (X)In labor force: 48,074 ±1,150 48,074 (X)Employed: 46,454 ±1,204 46,454 (X)With health insurance coverage 38,739 ±1,156 83.4% ±1.2With private health insurance 38,368 ±1,139 82.6% ±1.2With public coverage 802 ±227 1.7% ±0.5No health insurance coverage 7,715 ±940 16.6% ±2.0

Unemployed: 1,620 ±339 1,620 (X)With health insurance coverage 982 ±240 60.6% ±7.7With private health insurance 885 ±239 54.6% ±9.3With public coverage 152 ±93 9.4% ±5.4No health insurance coverage 638 ±224 39.4% ±11.1

Not in labor force: 10,035 ±769 10,035 (X)With health insurance coverage 7,962 ±695 79.3% ±3.3With private health insurance 6,880 ±588 68.6% ±2.6With public coverage 1,490 ±368 14.8% ±3.5No health insurance coverage 2,073 ±400 20.7% ±3.7

PERCENTAGE OF FAMILIES AND PEOPLE WHOSE IN-COME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS IS BELOW THEPOVERTY LEVEL


All families 5.4% ±1.1 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 18 years 9.3% ±2.2 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 5 years

only6.1% ±3.0 (X) (X)

Married couple families 2.6% ±0.8 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 18 years 4.3% ±1.5 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 5 years

only2.6% ±2.2 (X) (X)

Families with female householder, no husband present 20.0% ±6.3 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 18 years 28.0% ±8.5 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 5 years

only20.0% ±11.9 (X) (X)

All people 8.9% ±1.2 (X) (X)Under 18 years 14.3% ±2.2 (X) (X)

related children of the householder under 18 years 14.2% ±3.1 (X) (X)related children of the householder under 5 years 15.4% ±5.2 (X) (X)related children of the householder 5 to 17 years 13.7% ±3.5 (X) (X)

18 years and over 7.1% ±0.8 (X) (X)18 to 64 years 7.3% ±0.9 (X) (X)65 years and over 5.6% ±1.8 (X) (X)

People in families 7.4% ±1.7 (X) (X)Unrelated individuals 15 years and over 15.7% ±3.1 (X) (X)

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Selected Housing Characteristics

HOUSING OCCUPANCY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 36,071 ±854 36,071 (X)

Occupied housing units 34,214 ±677 94.9% ±2.9Vacant housing units 1,857 ±364 5.1% ±1.0

Homeowner vacancy rate 1.1 ±0.6 (X) (X)Rental vacancy rate 6.5 ±2.0 (X) (X)

UNITS IN STRUCTURE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 36,071 ±854 36,071 (X)

1-unit, detached 21,168 ±579 58.7% ±0.81-unit, attached 3,772 ±340 10.5% ±0.92 units 499 ±276 1.4% ±0.83 or 4 units 836 ±231 2.3% ±0.65 to 9 units 2,941 ±420 8.2% ±1.110 to 19 units 4,051 ±459 11.2% ±1.220 or more units 2,538 ±394 7.0% ±1.1Mobile home 228 ±162 0.6% ±0.4Boat, RV, van, etc. 38 ±60 0.1% ±0.2

YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 36,071 ±854 36,071 (X)

Built 2014 or later 280 ±101 0.8% ±0.3Built 2010 to 2013 385 ±126 1.1% ±0.3Built 2000 to 2009 4,428 ±418 12.3% ±1.1Built 1990 to 1999 9,314 ±602 25.8% ±1.1Built 1980 to 1989 12,681 ±687 35.2% ±1.7Built 1970 to 1979 6,608 ±525 18.3% ±1.4Built 1960 to 1969 1,561 ±268 4.3% ±0.7Built 1950 to 1959 467 ±143 1.3% ±0.4Built 1940 to 1949 92 ±69 0.3% ±0.2Built 1939 or earlier 255 ±128 0.7% ±0.4

ROOMS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 36,071 ±854 36,071 (X)

1 room 501 ±206 1.4% ±0.62 rooms 349 ±155 1.0% ±0.43 rooms 1,856 ±378 5.1% ±1.04 rooms 4,030 ±435 11.2% ±1.25 rooms 6,048 ±502 16.8% ±1.36 rooms 4,214 ±464 11.7% ±1.37 rooms 4,173 ±423 11.6% ±1.18 rooms 4,443 ±401 12.3% ±1.19 rooms or more 10,457 ±614 29.0% ±1.6Median rooms 6.7 ±0.2 (X) (X)

BEDROOMS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 36,071 ±854 36,071 (X)

No bedroom 501 ±206 1.4% ±0.61 bedroom 2,627 ±434 7.3% ±1.22 bedrooms 8,872 ±477 24.6% ±1.23 bedrooms 9,150 ±621 25.4% ±1.64 bedrooms 9,415 ±541 26.1% ±1.45 or more bedrooms 5,506 ±467 15.3% ±1.2

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HOUSING TENURE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

Owner-occupied 22,771 ±689 66.6% ±1.5Renter-occupied 11,443 ±545 33.4% ±1.4

Average household size of owner-occupied unit 2.67 ±0.11 (X) (X)Average household size of renter-occupied unit 2.87 ±0.03 (X) (X)

YEAR HOUSEHOLDER MOVED INTO UNIT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

Moved in 2015 or later 4,094 ±483 12.0% ±1.4Moved in 2010 to 2014 11,751 ±679 34.3% ±1.9Moved in 2000 to 2009 9,975 ±607 29.2% ±1.7Moved in 1990 to 1999 5,406 ±434 15.8% ±1.2Moved in 1980 to 1989 2,278 ±300 6.7% ±0.9Moved in 1979 or earlier 710 ±160 2.1% ±0.5

VEHICLES AVAILABLE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

No vehicles available 1,621 ±295 4.7% ±0.91 vehicle available 11,147 ±714 32.6% ±2.02 vehicles available 15,625 ±775 45.7% ±2.13 or more vehicles available 5,821 ±538 17.0% ±1.5

HOUSE HEATING FUEL Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

Utility gas 24,327 ±763 71.1% ±1.7Bottled, tank, or LP gas 243 ±95 0.7% ±0.3Electricity 9,445 ±649 27.6% ±1.8Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. 39 ±38 0.1% ±0.1Coal or coke 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.1Wood 37 ±41 0.1% ±0.1Solar energy 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.1Other fuel 10 ±17 0.0% ±0.0No fuel used 113 ±85 0.3% ±0.2

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

Lacking complete plumbing facilities 76 ±88 0.2% ±0.3Lacking complete kitchen facilities 217 ±88 0.6% ±0.3No telephone service available 1,124 ±266 3.3% ±0.8

OCCUPANTS PER ROOM Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 34,214 ±677 34,214 (X)

1.00 or less 33,428 ±1,095 97.7% ±2.51.01 to 1.50 515 ±173 1.5% ±0.51.51 or more 271 ±151 0.8% ±0.4

VALUE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOwner-occupied units 22,771 ±689 22,771 (X)

Less than $50,000 542 ±203 2.4% ±0.9$50,000 to $99,999 634 ±175 2.8% ±0.8$100,000 to $149,999 1,197 ±226 5.3% ±1.0$150,000 to $199,999 1,778 ±300 7.8% ±1.3$200,000 to $299,999 5,410 ±459 23.8% ±1.9$300,000 to $499,999 9,158 ±641 40.2% ±2.5$500,000 to $999,999 3,729 ±398 16.4% ±1.7$1,000,000 or more 323 ±116 1.4% ±0.5Median (dollars) 333,200 ±7,910 (X) (X)

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MORTGAGE STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOwner-occupied units 22,771 ±689 22,771 (X)

Housing units with a mortgage 17,082 ±716 75.0% ±2.2Housing units without a mortgage 5,689 ±381 25.0% ±1.5

SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS (SMOC) Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorHousing units with a mortgage 17,082 ±716 17,082 (X)

Less than $500 178 ±128 1.0% ±0.7$500 to $999 1,362 ±247 8.0% ±1.4$1,000 to $1,499 3,052 ±400 17.9% ±2.2$1,500 to $1,999 4,370 ±425 25.6% ±2.2$2,000 to $2,499 3,269 ±387 19.1% ±2.1$2,500 to $2,999 2,053 ±296 12.0% ±1.7$3,000 or more 2,798 ±344 16.4% ±1.9Median (dollars) 1,955 ±48 (X) (X)

Housing units without a mortgage 5,689 ±381 5,689 (X)Less than $250 119 ±69 2.1% ±1.2$250 to $399 601 ±145 10.6% ±2.4$400 to $599 1,905 ±291 33.5% ±4.6$600 to $799 1,394 ±251 24.5% ±4.1$800 to $999 777 ±185 13.7% ±3.1$1,000 or more 893 ±197 15.7% ±3.3Median (dollars) 627 ±30 (X) (X)

SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS AS A PERCENT-AGE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME (SMOCAPI)


Housing units with a mortgage (excluding units whereSMOCAPI cannot be computed)

16,991 ±905 16,991 (X)

Less than 20.0 percent 9,038 ±652 53.2% ±2.620.0 to 24.9 percent 2,860 ±350 16.8% ±1.925.0 to 29.9 percent 1,223 ±208 7.2% ±1.230.0 to 34.9 percent 959 ±227 5.6% ±1.335.0 percent or more 2,911 ±421 17.1% ±2.3

Not computed 91 ±60 (X) (X)

Housing unit without a mortgage (excluding unitswhere SMOCAPI cannot be computed)

5,601 ±465 5,601 (X)

Less than 10.0 percent 3,084 ±342 55.1% ±4.010.0 to 14.9 percent 937 ±169 16.7% ±2.715.0 to 19.9 percent 409 ±138 7.3% ±2.420.0 to 24.9 percent 305 ±106 5.4% ±1.825.0 to 29.9 percent 214 ±109 3.8% ±1.930.0 to 34.9 percent 141 ±70 2.5% ±1.235.0 percent or more 511 ±155 9.1% ±2.7


GROSS RENT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied units paying rent 11,255 ±542 11,255 (X)

Less than $500 153 ±140 1.4% ±1.2$500 to $999 2,869 ±472 25.5% ±4.0$1,000 to $1,499 6,060 ±507 53.8% ±3.7$1,500 to $1,999 1,236 ±286 11.0% ±2.5$2,000 to $2,499 440 ±155 3.9% ±1.4$2,500 to $2,999 140 ±89 1.2% ±0.8$3,000 or more 357 ±123 3.2% ±1.1Median (dollars) 1,152 ±20 (X) (X)

No rent paid 188 ±92 (X) (X)

19


GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD IN-COME (GRAPI)


Occupied units paying rent (excluding units whereGRAPI cannot be computed)

11,215 ±909 11,215 (X)

Less than 15.0 percent 1,443 ±324 12.9% ±2.715.0 to 19.9 percent 1,526 ±381 13.6% ±3.220.0 to 24.9 percent 1,641 ±343 14.6% ±2.825.0 to 29.9 percent 1,193 ±243 10.6% ±2.030.0 to 34.9 percent 1,012 ±299 9.0% ±2.635.0 percent or more 4,400 ±556 39.2% ±3.8


20


Selected Demographic Characteristics

SEX AND AGE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal Population 94,239 ±88 94,239 (X)

Male 46,917 ±1,171 49.8% ±1.2Female 47,322 ±1,182 50.2% ±1.3Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 99.1 ±3.5 (X) (X)

Under 5 years 6,981 ±615 7.4% ±0.75 to 9 years 6,468 ±616 6.9% ±0.710 to 14 years 6,262 ±597 6.6% ±0.615 to 19 years 6,552 ±620 7.0% ±0.720 to 24 years 4,022 ±540 4.3% ±0.625 to 34 years 12,966 ±913 13.8% ±1.035 to 44 years 13,736 ±905 14.6% ±1.045 to 54 years 14,367 ±759 15.2% ±0.855 to 59 years 6,565 ±610 7.0% ±0.660 to 64 years 5,431 ±513 5.8% ±0.565 to 74 years 6,691 ±499 7.1% ±0.575 to 84 years 2,810 ±341 3.0% ±0.485 years and over 1,388 ±241 1.5% ±0.3

Median age (years) 37.8 ±0.7 (X) (X)

Under 18 years 23,944 ±1,149 25.4% ±1.216 years and over 72,883 ±900 77.3% ±1.018 years and over 70,295 ±1,938 74.6% ±2.121 years and over 66,908 ±1,865 71.0% ±2.062 years and over 14,115 ±758 15.0% ±0.865 years and over 10,889 ±651 11.6% ±0.7

18 years and over 70,295 ±1,938 70,295 (X)Male 34,781 ±1,434 49.5% ±1.5Female 35,514 ±1,303 50.5% ±1.2Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 97.9 ±1.8 (X) (X)

65 years and over 10,889 ±651 10,889 (X)Male 5,145 ±463 47.2% ±3.2Female 5,744 ±457 52.8% ±2.8Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 89.6 ±3.8 (X) (X)

21


RACE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 94,239 ±88 94,239 (X)

One race 91,585 ±725 97.2% ±0.8Two or more races 2,654 ±723 2.8% ±0.8One race 91,585 ±725 97.2% ±0.8

White 71,763 ±1,689 76.2% ±1.8Black or African American 12,842 ±1,273 13.6% ±1.4American Indian and Alaska Native 291 ±147 0.3% ±0.2Cherokee tribal grouping 47 ±40 0.0% ±0.0Chippewa tribal grouping 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.0Navajo tribal grouping 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.0Sioux tribal grouping 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.0

Asian 4,522 ±730 4.8% ±0.8Asian Indian 2,095 ±574 2.2% ±0.6Chinese 644 ±263 0.7% ±0.3Filipino 310 ±191 0.3% ±0.2Japanese 61 ±59 0.1% ±0.1Korean 303 ±156 0.3% ±0.2Vietnamese 255 ±211 0.3% ±0.2Other Asian 854 ±559 0.9% ±0.6

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 33 ±44 0.0% ±0.0Native Hawaiian 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.0Guamanian or Chamorro 23 ±39 0.0% ±0.0Samoan 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.0Other Pacific Islander 10 ±81 0.0% ±0.1

Some other race 2,134 ±907 2.3% ±1.0Two or more races 2,654 ±723 2.8% ±0.8

White and Black or African American 798 ±485 0.8% ±0.5White and American Indian and Alaska Native 223 ±123 0.2% ±0.1White and Asian 1,203 ±515 1.3% ±0.5Black or African American and American Indian andAlaska Native

133 ±169 0.1% ±0.2

Race alone or in combination with one or more other racesTotal population 94,239 ±88 94,239 (X)

White 74,087 ±1,516 78.6% ±1.6Black or African American 13,965 ±1,397 14.8% ±1.5American Indian and Alaska Native 660 ±265 0.7% ±0.3Asian 5,941 ±832 6.3% ±0.9Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 79 ±84 0.1% ±0.1Some other race 2,278 ±893 2.4% ±0.9

HISPANIC OR LATINO AND RACE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 94,239 ±88 94,239 (X)

Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 13,972 ±1,457 14.8% ±1.5Mexican 9,834 ±1,328 10.4% ±1.4Puerto Rican 772 ±372 0.8% ±0.4Cuban 609 ±289 0.6% ±0.3Other Hispanic or Latino 2,757 ±748 2.9% ±0.8

Not Hispanic or Latino 80,267 ±1,466 85.2% ±1.6White alone 60,429 ±1,699 64.1% ±1.8Black or African American alone 12,292 ±1,279 13.0% ±1.4American Indian and Alaska Native alone 258 ±132 0.3% ±0.1Asian alone 4,522 ±730 4.8% ±0.8Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 10 ±17 0.0% ±0.0Some other race alone 649 ±609 0.7% ±0.6Two or more races 2,107 ±617 2.2% ±0.7Two races including Some other race 55 ±64 0.1% ±0.1Two races excluding Some other race, and 2,052 ±615 2.2% ±0.7Three or more races

22


CITIZEN, VOTING AGE POPULATION Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCitizen, 18 and over population 61,294 ±1,499 61,294 (X)

Male 29,826 ±1,097 48.7% ±1.3Female 31,468 ±1,021 51.3% ±1.1

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2013-17 American Community SurveyValues marked with a period denote estimates that could not be computed.Values marked ***** denote ’controlled’ estimates for which statistical tests for sampling variability are not appropriate.

Report prepared by Emory University’s Policy Analysis Laboratory andTerra Cognita Consulting, LLC in cooperation with Neighborhood Nexus.

23

Technical Notes, ACS Profile

This report features demographic profiles based on the Census Bureaus 2013-2017 American Commu-nity Survey 5-year estimates. These profiles follow precisely the order, format, and content of the ACS-based ”fact sheets” available via the Census Bureaus American Fact Finder online system.

What is the American Community Survey, and What is a 5-Year Es timate?

The American Community Survey is a nationwide survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau ona continuous, rolling basis. It is intended to replace the ”long form” that has been a component of thedecennial census for the last several decades.

From 1940 until 2000, the Census Bureau actually conducted a census (counting of the entire popu-lation) and a survey (measuring a sample of the population) simultaneously: most households received a”short form” with basic questions (e.g. age, sex, race), while a ”long form” with everything contained on the”short form” plus many other topics (e.g. educational attainment, occupation, income) was administered toa sample of households (varied by year and other factors, but roughly 1 in 7 households). As the nameimplies, the decennial census took place only once every ten years, providing a single ”snapshot” of thecountry. But policymakers wanted to have more timely data, so the Census Bureau moved to the new”continuous measurement” model of the ACS, which had its nationwide launch in 2005.

Though the ACS is a replacement for the long form component of the census, it is not a direct substitute.The two differ in many important ways, but we will focus on a few key points.

First, as mentioned above, the ”continuous measurement” model means that the ACS is not a snapshotfor any particular point in time. So while the decennial census measured where people lived on Census Day(historically April 1st of years ending in 0), the ACS looks at where people live on the day they are surveyed.For example, ACS income measures look at the 12-month period preceding the survey date, while thedecennial looked at the previous calendar year. Second, the ACS sample is much smaller than that of thedecennial census: roughly 2.5% each year. Even pooling the data over a 5-year period yields a combinedsample of only about 12.5%, considerably smaller than the roughly 16.7% sampled in the decennial census;the implications of this smaller sample on the margin of error for estimates is discussed below. Third, thepooling across years required to yield a decent-sized sample for smaller areas creates complications forinterpretation. Whereas the decennial census allowed one to say, ”on April 1, 2000, X% of the populationin region Y was unemployed,” we must now say ”over the course of the period 2005-2009, on average X%of the population in region Y was unemployed.” When faced with a period of rapid change such the onsetof the ”Great Recession,” having a pooled estimate over a 5-year period is much less helpful than having afirm snapshot at a single point in time. So while the ACS has been of great help to policymakers interestedin the effects of the Great Recession on large geographies such as states, counties, and major cities (areasfor which 1-year or 3-year estimates are available), it has created new challenges for people interested insmall cities and neighborhoods within larger cities.

To learn more about the ACS, how to use it, and how it differs from the decennial census, please referto the Census Bureau’s publication A Compass for Understanding and Using American Community SurveyData: What General Data Users Need to Know.

What is a Margin of Error, and Why is its Calculation so Import ant?

It is not feasible to administer the long form or the ACS to the entire population. Fortunately, this is notnecessary: just like a single spoonful can tell you if a pot of soup has enough salt, a reasonable estimateof a population may be derived from a quality sample. The quality of a sample depends on two factors: itsrepresentativeness and its size. In some sense, the representativeness is the more important of the two: abiased sample, however large, can never yield a good estimate. After adding salt to your soup but beforetasting, you stir the soup. Otherwise you’ll get a spoonful of extra-salty soup not representative of the potas a whole. Randomly sampling the population has the same effect as stirring the soup: you get a samplethat is representative of the population from which it was drawn. But the spoonful of soup doesn’t haveexactly the same proportion of salt as the rest of the pot: it contains the ”true” amount, plus or minus someamount due to chance. We call that chance variation from the true amount ”sampling error.” The larger thesample, the smaller that error is likely to be, though the marginal reduction in sampling error of increasingthe sample size by a unit declines as the number of units goes up.

Proper reporting of a sample-based estimate, therefore, requires three pieces of information: a ”pointestimate” (our best estimate of the actual value), plus a margin of error, given a particular confidence level(which allow assessment of the quality of the estimate): we are 90% confident that the pot of soup has 8,500milligrams of salt, plus or minus 500 milligrams. Holding a sample size constant, increasing the confidencelevel forces us to increase the margin of error (we would have to increase the size of the range to be 99%confident that our range contains the true value).

When applying this concept to the ACS, we should first note that the Census Bureau typically reportsa 90% confidence interval: we are 90% certain that the true number lies within the reported range. Whenlooking at counties or large cities, the samples are large and the confidence intervals small. But for smallercities and geographies such as census tracts, even the five-year pooled sample is quite small– yieldinga rather large confidence interval. When the confidence intervals for two areas overlap, we cannot tellwhether the difference we observed is real or an artifact caused by sampling error (or, to use the technicalterm, the differences are not ”statistically significant”).

Although you can simply add the raw population of two census tracts together, estimating the marginof error for the resultant area is somewhat more complicated. To estimate the margin of error for numbersand proportions, we follow the method recommended in Appendix 3 of the Census Bureau’s publicationA Compass for Understanding and Using American Community Survey Data: What General Data UsersNeed to Know. To estimate the margin of error for medians, we follow the method recommended on pages16-17 of 2005-2009 ACS 5-year PUMS Accuracy of the Data.

What tables from the ACS were used to compile these Demograph ic Profiles?

SOCIALIndicators Table(s)Households by Type B11001Average Household Size B09019, B11001Relationship B09019Marital Status B12001Fertility B13002Grandparents B10050School Enrollment B14001Educational Attainment B15002Veteran Status B21001Disability Status B18101Residence 1 Year Ago B07003Place of Birth B05002Year of Entry, Native B05005World Region of Birth of Foreign Born B05006Language Spoken at Home B16004Ancestry B04006Computers and Interned Use B28002, B28003

ECONOMICIndicators Table(s)Employment Status B23001Employment for parents of Own Children B23008Commuting to Work B08101Mean Travel Time to Work B08013, B08101Occupation C24010Industry C24030Class of Worker B24080Household Income B19001Median Household Income B19013Mean Household Income B19025, B19001Households with Earnings B19051Mean Earnings B19061, B19051Households with Social Security B19055Mean Social Security B19065, B19055Households with Retirement Income B19059Mean Retirement Income B19069, B19059Households with SSI Income B19056Mean SSI Income B19066, B19056


ECONOMICIndicators Table(s)Households with Public Assistance Income B19057Mean Public Assistance Income B19067, B19057Households with Food Stamp/SNAP Income B22001Family Income B19101Median Family Income B19113Mean Family Income B19127, B19101Per Capita Income B19313, B01001Median Non-Family Income B19202Mean Non-Family Income B19214, B19201Median Earnings for Workers B20017Health Insurance Coverage B18135, B27011Poverty: Families B17010Poverty: People B17001Poverty: Related Children B17006Poverty: Related People in Families B17021Poverty: Unrelated individuals 15 years and over B17007

HOUSINGIndicators Table(s)Housing Occupancy B25002Homeowner vacancy rate B25003, B25004Rental vacancy rate B25003, B25004Units in Structure B25024Year Structure Built B25034Rooms B25017Median Number of rooms B25018Bedrooms B25041Housing Tenure B25009Average Household size of occupied units B25008, B25003Year Householder Moved into Unit B25038Vehicles Available B25044House Heating Fuel B25040Selected Characteristics: Lacking Plumbing B25048Selected Characteristics: Lacking CompleteKitchen

B25052

Selected Characteristics: Lacking Telephone B25043Occupants per Room B25014Value of Housing Unit B25075Median housing unit value B25077Mortgage Status B25081


HOUSINGIndicators Table(s)Selected Monthly Owner Costs B25087Median Selected Monthly Owner Costs B25088Selected Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentageof Household Income

B25091

Gross Rent B25063Median Gross Rent B25064Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household In-come

B25070

DEMOGRAPHICIndicators Table(s)Sex and Age B01001Median Age B01002Race C02003Tribal Groupings B02005Asian Groupings B02006Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Groupings B02007Race Alone or In Combination with One or MoreOther Races

B02008, B02009, B02010, B02011, B02012, B02013

Hispanic or Latino and Race B03001, B03002

Demographic Proﬁle: Roswell€¦ · ROSWELL Decennial 2010 Proﬁle Children by Household Type...

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