Democratic Developments in Colonial America
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Transcript of Democratic Developments in Colonial America
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ESSENTIAL QUESTION:“TO WHAT EXTENT
HAD THE AMERICAN COLONIES DEVELOPED A DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY BY THE EVE OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION?”
Democratic Developments in
Colonial America1
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A. 1619: Formation of the Virginia House of
Burgesses 1. First representative assembly in
America 2. Twenty-two original burgesses;
governor had veto power
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B. 1620: Mayflower Compact 1. First agreement establishing self-
government 2. Freemen agreed to majority rule
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C. After 1629, New England Townhall Meeting 1. Church members discussed political
and community issues 2. Majority rule
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D. Colonial Assemblies: 1. Lower house gradually gained
political influence 2. Governors had difficulty ruling
without the support of assemblies
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E. 1639: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
1. first written constitution in America
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F. 1643: New England Confederation 1. Connecticut, New Haven, Plymouth,
and Massachusetts formed an organization
for collective security against Indian
attacks. 2. Important step in creating more unity
among New England colonies
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G. 1649: Maryland Act of Toleration 1. Guaranteed religious freedom to all
Christians
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H. 1676: Bacon’s Rebellion 1. Western Virginia farmers revolted against eastern
government 2. First of several major rebellions where common
people are fighting for a more responsive government
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I. 1683: New York Charter of Liberties 1. Granted freedom of religion to all
Christians and gave all landowners the right to
vote 2. Created to attract more settlers to
New York
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http://www.montauk.com/history/seeds/charter.htm
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J. 1691: (Jacob) Leisler’s Rebellion 1. Rebellion of frustrated poor people and
farmers 2. Protested huge land grants favoring
wealthy landholders and speculators 3. Common people left with few
opportunities to own land
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K. 1735: Zenger Case 1. John Peter Zenger found innocent of
libel by colonial jury 2. Charges involved N.Y. governor 3. Important first step toward freedom of
the press
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L. 1754: Albany Plan of Union 1. proposed by Benjamin Franklin 2. goal to create an inter-colonial
congress 3. rejected by Britain: too much control
to colonies 4. rejected by colonies: feared an
oppressive colonial congress
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M. 1764: Paxton Boys 1. Western Pennsylvanians (Scots Irish) 2. Believed government not doing
enough to protect them from Native American
attacks
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N. 1771: Carolina Regulator Movement 1. Frustrated poor people from western
North Carolina 2. Rebelled against colonial government
(similar to Bacon’s Rebellion and Leisler’s
Rebellion)
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O. 1713 – 1763: “Salutary Neglect” 1. Colonies enjoyed relative autonomy
from British rule 2. Colonials became used to regulating
their own political and economic affairs (such
as triangular trade) without British
interference 3. Britain tries to re-impose control in
1763 → the road to revolution began
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P. 1740s: Great Awakening 1. Colonials enjoyed much choice
regarding religious groups 2. Churches increasingly cater to needs
of parishioners 3. Seen as an important democratic step
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Q. 1720s to 1790s: The Enlightenment 1. Colonial political thought influenced
by: a. Locke’s natural rights
philosophy (including consent of the
governed) and b. Montesquieu’s views on checks
and balances
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