Demo: Print: Supplies: pennies, set of styro-cups.
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Transcript of Demo: Print: Supplies: pennies, set of styro-cups.
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2Demo:
Print:Supplies: pennies, set of styro-cups
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AGENDA
• REMINDER: QUIZ, Monday Convex and concave lenses
• Look at money under UV light• Optic Illusions• Convex lenses• Concave lenses
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REFRACTION
• The change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speed
• Most commonly observed when a wave passes from one medium to another– When does light change speed?
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WHEN DOES LIGHT CHANGE SPEED?
Activities Have students in a line
bounce off a wallDemonstrate refraction
In fluidsIn lenses
Light changes speed when it travels from one optical density to another
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WHAT IS A LENS?
• A transparent item used to change the direction and control the distribution of light rays
• Where are lenses used?
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WARMUP
Complete the diagrams for soldiers marching into a swamp in formation. – (Use an “X” to represent a
soldier)
Swamp
Swamp
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A group of soldiers in formation, march toward a marsh. Depict (using an “x” for each soldier) what happens when
they hit the marsh?
Swamp
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AN ANALOGY
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THE NORMAL LINE IN
MIRRORS AND LENSES
Mirror GlassAir
Reflection In a Mirror Refraction in a
LensAir
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TIPS FOR DRAWING REFRACTION LINES
• In transparent media, normal lines guide transmission of ray, not reflection
• When light travels from lower to higher optical density (i.e. from air to glass) light bends toward the normal
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COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING DIAGRAMSGlass Air GlassWater
Air Air AirWater
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2TYPES OF LENSES
Convex• A converging lens is thickest in the middle
Concave• A diverging lens is thinnest in the middle
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CONVEX• At least one side of the outer lenses
curves outwards • Are thicker in the middle and thinner
on the outer edges
• Used for magnifying an object
Types of Lenses:
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HOW CONVEX LENSES WORK• Since the lens is a different medium
than air, the light rays refract• Convex lenses refract parallel light rays
so that they meet at a focal point. (“convergence”)
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COMPLETE THE RAY DIAGRAM FOR A CONVEX LENS(HINT: USE A NORMAL LINE TO GUIDE TRANSMITTED RAYS)
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• Using normal lines, demonstrate the light rays through the convergent lens:
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CONCAVE• At least one side curves inwards. • Thinner in the middle • Make an object appear smaller
Types of Lenses:
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HOW CONCAVE LENSES WORK
• Concave lenses cause light rays to “diverge”• Divergence–To separate/curve outwards
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COMPLETE THE RAY DIAGRAM FOR A CONCAVE LENS(HINT: USE A NORMAL LINE TO GUIDE TRANSMITTED RAYS)
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USING NORMAL LINES, DEMONSTRATE THE LIGHT RAYS THROUGH THE
CONCAVE LENS
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WHAT TYPE OF LENS DOES A PROJECTOR USE? (HINT: WHAT DOES A PROJECTOR DO TO
LIGHT?)
1 2
50%50%
1. Concave2. Convex
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WHAT TYPE OF LENS IS USED ON A MICROSCOPE OR TELESCOPE?
1 2
50%50%
1. Concave2. Convex
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DRAW 6 RAYS TO SHOW HOW LIGHT WOULD REFRACT THROUGH THIS LENS
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INDEX OF REFRACTION
• It’s a number that indicates the amount that a transparent medium decreases the speed of light.
• It can be measured as:• Index of refraction of material= speed of light in vacuum• speed of light in medium
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SNELL’S LAW
• Snell was a Dutch astronomer who was credited with identifying the exact relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of refraction
• The formula is used to calculate the new angle that a ray will take as a beam of light strikes the interface.
• Indices of refraction: n1, n2
• Angle of incidence and angle of refraction ө1, ө2
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SNELL’S EQUATION
n1sinө1 = n2sinө2
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TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
• Light reflects completely off the inside wall of a denser medium rather than passing through the wall into a less dense medium.