Deltamethrin & Aerial Mosquito Adulticiding Registration Process for Thessaloniki, Greece

Alexandra Chaskopoulou -University of FloridaAndreas Thrasivoulou - Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Javid Kashefi - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Thessaloniki, GreeceMark Latham - Manatee County Mosquito Control, Florida

Philip Koehler – University of Florida

Thessaloniki2 million people

Aegean Sea

50,000 acres of rice-fields23,000 acres of natural wetlands

Mosquito Control Thessaloniki, GR

• Only currently approved method is larviciding– 90% by air, 10% by ground– Temephos is no longer available

• Larviciding operations insufficient– A single CDC traps catches ~ 15,000-30,000

mosquitoes/night (summers 2008-2009)

• Need for adulticiding as a supplementary method– Development of aerial adulticiding in Greece

Mosquito nuisance resulting from inadequate control methods…

Adulticiding is needed• A successful mosquito control program is an Integrated Mosquito

Management Program (more than one control method)

• Greece, and all 27 member states of the EU have their own existing registration requirements and function independently – Transitional phase

• Regulations in the EU are being harmonized under the Biocidal Products Directive

• Pan-European legislation is being incorporated into the national law of each Member State

Adulticiding had to be proven to besafe and effective for registration in Greece

Timeline

2006/2007

• Adulticiding idea was conceived

• Funding acquired from Development Agencies & Municipalities of northern Greece

• Cooperation of US experts in academia & industry

• Transferred & modified aerial adulticiding technologies from U.S. to Greece

Timeline 2008• EU Industry identified & provided proper formulations

specific to adulticide applications (Pyrethroids: i.e. Deltamethrin)• BPD-supported PT18 insecticides for outdoor spraying

• Experiment permits issued by the Greek ministries

• First experiments towards registration, spring/summer 2008• Efficacy data (identification of proper dose)• Non-target data (aquatic organisms)

2009 Continuation of experimentation, spring/summer 2009

More replicates to strengthen data Non-target data (terrestrial organisms, i.e. bees & other beneficial

insects)

To be able to implement a successful project…

Cooperative project

Mosquito control Applicators - ASNF

Professionals & University Scientists from US & Greece

EU Pesticide Manufacturing

Industry

Greek Development agencies & municipalities- Funding Source

Regulatory authorities of Greece-Ministry of Agriculture

-Ministry of Public Health

Technologies for precise and controlled applications

Turbine helicopter

Real time weather probe

Electricrotaryatomiser

GPSBilanin et al. 1989

AGDISP Spray-FateComputer

Model

Recorded & Precise Application

2008/9 Experimentation Towards Registration

Cups – deionized water

Aquatic non-targets

3mm slidespinner

Cagedmosquitoes

• Uniform efficacy on caged and wild mosquitoes• Zero or non-significant mortality on non-targets• Uniform coverage of spray droplets on spinning slides

Terrestrial non-targets

Bees

Deltamethrin: Caged Mosquito Mortalities

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 ml/ha 37.5 ml/ha 50 ml/ha

%M

orta

lity

74a68b

2c

2008 trials

0 ml/ha50 ml/ha

%M

orta

lity

84.04a

9.83b

2009 trials

Deltamethrin: Wild Mosquito Mortality 2008

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 ml/ha 37.5 ml/ha 50 ml/ha

17b

61a

79aBefore After

Up to 90%

Deltamethrin: Wild Mosquito Mortality 2009

88% 73% 64%

BEFORE: Hundreds of mosquitoes!!!!

15 min after deltamethrin treatment: Almost no mosquitoes!

Before: Hundreds of mosquitoes!

15 min after deltamethrin treatment: Almost no mosquitoes!

Effects on Beneficial Insects

Chrysoperla Cryptolaemous

Deltamethrin

Bee Mortality & Presence of Black shiny Bees

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Nu

mb

er

of

De

ad

Be

es

Area A

Area B

Area Control

Natural Daily Mortality

No shiny bees

Summary/Conclusions• Precise and recorded application

• Caged mosquito mortalities– 75-85 %

• Wild mosquito mortalities– Up to 90 %

• Non-target effects– 0 % or non-significant non-target

mortalities

Before After

Summary/Conclusions

• Greek regulations– Precision aerial application was shown to be

acceptable

– Research currently under review by the ministries

– Anticipated product/method registration in 2010

Acknowledgments

• US Consulate General, Thessaloniki Greece• USDA-ARS• Greek Ministries of Agriculture & Public Health• Counties, Municipalities & Development Agencies

of Greece• ASNF Air Application Company• Bayer Crop Science• Sumitomo Chemical

Thank you