Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)
Transcript of Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)
![Page 1: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PieterBruegeltheElder(c.1525-1569)
![Page 4: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ContentsTheHighlightsTHEFIGHTBETWEENCARNIVALANDLENTNETHERLANDISHPROVERBSLANDSCAPEWITHTHEFALLOFICARUSDULLGRETTHETRIUMPHOFDEATHTHESUICIDEOFSAULTHETOWEROFBABELTHEADORATIONOFTHEKINGSTHEPROCESSIONTOCALVARYTHEHUNTERSINTHESNOWTHECENSUSATBETHLEHEMTHECONVERSIONOFPAULTHEPEASANTWEDDINGTHEPEASANTDANCETHEBEGGARSTHEBLINDLEADINGTHEBLINDTHEMISANTHROPE
ThePaintingsTHECOMPLETEPAINTINGSALPHABETICALLISTOFPAINTINGS
TheDrawingsLISTOFDRAWINGSTheBiographyBRIEFBIOGRAPHY
TheDelphiClassicsCatalogue
©DelphiClassics2016Version1
![Page 5: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
MastersofArtSeries
PieterBruegeltheElder
ByDelphiClassics,2016
![Page 7: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
COPYRIGHT
MastersofArt-PieterBruegelFirstpublishedintheUnitedKingdomin2016byDelphiClassics.
©DelphiClassics,2016.
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofthepublisher,norbe
otherwisecirculatedinanyformotherthanthatinwhichitispublished.
ISBN:9781786565037
DelphiClassicsisanimprintof
DelphiPublishingLtdHastings,EastSussexUnitedKingdom
Contact:[email protected]
![Page 8: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
TheHighlights
Breda,acityinthesouthernpartoftheNetherlands—BruegelwasborninBredaoravillageneartoBredainc.1525
![Page 9: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bredain1653byWillemenJoanBlaeu
![Page 10: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
THEHIGHLIGHTS
Inthissection,asampleofBruegel’smostcelebratedworksisprovided,withconciseintroductions,special‘detail’reproductionsandadditionalbiographicalimages.
![Page 11: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
THEFIGHTBETWEENCARNIVALANDLENT
LittleisknownaboutPieterBruegeltheElder’slifeandweareevennotcertainwherehewasborn.FromthefactthatheenteredtheAntwerppainters’guildin1551,itisassumedthathewasbornbetween1525and1530.AccordingtovanMander, his master was the Antwerp painter Pieter Coecke van Aelst, whosedaughterMariaBruegelmarriedin1563.Bruegelwasassignedtopainttherearof twowings of a triptych inMechelen in the early 1550’s,while themiddlepanelwaspaintedbyPieterBalten.ItislikelyBruegelreceivedthiscommissiondue to the connections of Mayken Verhulst, the widow of Pieter Coecke.Between1552and1553,BruegeltravelledtoItaly,wherehevisitedRomeandmettheminiaturistGiulioClovio,whosewillof1578liststhreeofhispaintings.These works, apparently landscapes, have not survived. About 1555 BruegelreturnedtoAntwerpbywayoftheAlps,whichresultedinanumberofexquisitedrawings of mountain landscapes. These sketches, which form the basis formany of his later paintings, are not records of actual places but “composites”madeinordertoinvestigatetheorganiclifeofformsinnature.
Housed in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, The Fight betweenCarnivalandLentwascompletedin1559anddepictsacommonfestivaloftheperiod, as celebrated in the Southern Netherlands. The canvas presents thecontrast between two sides of contemporary life, as can be seen by theappearanceoftheinnontheleftside,symbolisingenjoyment,andthechurchontherightsiderepresentingreligiousobservance.Thehecticsceneportrayswell-behavedchildrennearthechurchandabeerdrinkingsceneneartheinn.Atthecentre is a well, illustrating the coming together of different parts of thecommunity.BruegelhaschosentodepicttheconflictbetweenCarnivalandLentasajoustingmatchbetweentwocomicaladversaries.
This carnival was an important event in community life in early modernEurope, representing the transition between two different seasonal cuisines:livestock thatwas not to bewinteredwas slaughtered, andmeatwas in goodsupply.AstheperiodofLentcommenced,withitsenforcedabstinenceandtheassociated spiritual purification in preparation for Easter, the butcher shopsclosedandthebutchers travelledintothecountrysidetopurchasecattlefor thespring.Bruegel’s painting is rich in allegories and symbolisms that have beenlong studied. It is often read as the triumphofLent, as the figure ofCarnival
![Page 12: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
seemstobidfarewellwithhislefthandandhiseyesareliftedtothesky.Amoregeneralised meaning may be the illustration of Bruegel’s belief that humanactivitiesaremotivatedbyfollyandself-seeking.
Carnivalisrepresentedasanobesemanridingabeerbarrelwithaporkchopattachedtoitsfrontend.Hewearsahugemeatpieasahead-dressandwieldsalongspit,completewithapig’shead,asaweaponfor the fight.Thepouchofknives at his belt indicates that he is a butcher. Theman behind the barrel isdressed in yellow, which is connected with deceit, and he is followed by afemalefigurecarryingonherheadatablewithbreadandwafflesonit.
Lent’shalfofthepictureisdominatedbyabstinenceandpiety,withfiguresdrawingwaterfromthewell,givingalmstothepoorandthesick,andgoingtochurch.Thechurchitself is thedominantbuildingfromwhichqueuesofblackfigures emerge from their prayers. Lady Lent is presented in the foreground,dressed like a nun, seated on a cart drawnby amonk and a nun; she appearsgaunt and thin,with her followers feeding on bread and biscuits. LadyLent’swagon contains traditional Lenten foods, pretzels,waffles andmussels. Insidethe entrance to the church a veiled statue is visible, as it was customary inRoman Catholic churches to cover up all works of art at Lent until EasterSundaywhen thecarvedandpainted figuresof saintswouldbeunveiledoncemore.
![Page 13: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Detail
![Page 15: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Detail
![Page 16: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Detail
![Page 17: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Detail
![Page 18: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Detail
![Page 19: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Bruegel’ssupposedmaster:CoeckevanAelst,engravingbyJohannesWierix
![Page 20: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NETHERLANDISHPROVERBS
ProverbswerepopularintheLowlandsduringBruegel’stimeandanumberofcollectionswerepublished,includingAdagia,bytheDutchhumanistDesideriusErasmus. The Flemish artist Frans Hogenberg had made an engravingillustrating43proverbs in c. 1558, around the same timeasBruegel’s famouspainting on the theme,NetherlandishProverbs.Bruegel himself had producedseveralminorpaintingsonthesamesubject, includingBigFishEatLittleFish(1556) andTwelveProverbs (1558), butNetherlandishProverbs is thought tohavebeenhisfirstlarge-scaleworkonthetheme.
The composition provides an ordered, integrated scene,with approximately112identifiableproverbsandidioms,thoughBruegelmayhaveincludedothersthatcannotbeidentified.Someoftheillustratedproverbsarestillinpopularusetoday– including“Swimmingagainst the tide”,“Bangingone’sheadagainstabrickwall”and“Armedtotheteeth”,andthereareothersthatarefamiliarifnotidenticaltothemodernEnglishusage,suchas“castingrosesbeforeswine”.TheBlueCloakwasthepainting’soriginaltitle,duetothecloakfeaturedin
thecentreof thecanvas,beingplacedover theheadofahusbandbyhiswife,suggesting that she is cuckolding him. Other proverbs indicate humanfoolishness.Amanfillsinapondafterhiscalfhasdied.Justabovethecentralfigureoftheblue-cloakedman,anothermancarriesdaylightinabasket.Someofthefiguresseemtorepresentmorethanonefigureofspeech,suchasthemanshearingasheepinthecentrebottomleftof thepicture.Heissittingnext toaman shearing a pig, representing the expression “One shears sheep and oneshearspigs”,meaning thatonehas theadvantageover theother;however, thismayalsorepresenttheadvice:“Shearthembutdon’tskinthem”(makethemostofavailableassets).
![Page 21: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Detail
![Page 23: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Detail
![Page 24: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Detail
![Page 25: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Detail
![Page 26: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Detail
![Page 27: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Titlepageofthe1508editionof’‘Adagia’
![Page 28: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
LANDSCAPEWITHTHEFALLOFICARUS
Thefollowingpainting,heldintheRoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgiuminBrussels,was long thought tobebyBruegel, though technicalexaminations in1996 suggested this attribution might be doubtful and that the painting,completed in the1560’s, isnowbelievedtobeanearlycopyofBruegel’s lostoriginalbyanunknownartist.InspiredbytheRomanpoetOvid’saccount, thepaintingconcernsthemythofIcarus,whowasabletoflywithwingsmadebyhis fatherDaedalus,usingfeatherssecuredwithbeeswax. Ignoringhis father’swarnings, Icaruschose to fly tooclose to thesun,melting thewaxand fallingintothesea,wherehedrowned.Hislegscanbeseeninthewaterjustbelowtheship.Theploughman, shepherdandanglerwecan see in thepaintingare alsomentionedinOvid’saccount.TheywerelikelyincludedbyBruegelinrelationto a Flemish proverb: “And the farmer continued to plough...” suggesting theignoranceofpeopletofellowmen’ssuffering.
Though the world landscape — a type of work with the title subjectrepresentedbysmallfiguresinthedistance—wasanestablishedtypeinEarlyNetherlandish painting, pioneered by Joachim Patiner, to introduce a muchlarger unrelated “genre” figure in the foreground was a innovative technique.The high viewpoint, giving us a glimpse of a town in the far distance,wouldbecomearecurringfeatureofBruegel’searlypaintings.
![Page 29: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Detail
![Page 31: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Detail
![Page 32: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Detail
![Page 33: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Detail
![Page 34: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Detail:withanupturnedfaceinthebushes
![Page 35: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Detail:Icarusinthewaterandtheangler
![Page 36: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
DULLGRET
Alsoknownas ‘MadMeg’, this 1562oil-on-panel depicts the folklorevirago,who leads an army of women to pillage Hell.Griet was a disparaging namegiventoanybad-tempered,shrewishwoman.HermissionreferstotheFlemishproverb: “She could plunder in front of hell and return unscathed.” As herfemalefollowerslootahouse,GretadvancestowardsthemouthofHellthroughalandscapepopulatedbymonsters,inspiredbytheworksofHieronymusBosch.Gretwearsmalearmour,includingabreastplate,amailedgloveandametalcap.Aknifehangsfromherside,whileinherrighthandshecarriesasword,whichmayrefertothesaying:“HecouldgotoHellwithaswordinhishand.”AbookofproverbspublishedinAntwerpin1568containsasayingcloseinspirittothepainting:“Onewomanmakesadin,twowomenalotoftrouble,threeanannualmarket, four a quarrel, five an army, and against six theDevil himself has noweapon.”
Bruegel’searliestbiographer,KarelvanMander,writing in1604,describedthe painting as “DulleGriet,who is looking at themouth ofHell”.ThepanelenteredthecollectionofRudolfII,HolyRomanEmperor,beforeitwaslootedby Swedish troops in 1648 and then reappeared in Stockholm in 1800. ArtcollectorFritzMayervandenBerghdiscoveredthepanelin1897atanauctioninCologne,whereheboughtitforaminimalsum,discoveringitsactualauthorafewdayslater.
![Page 37: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Detail
![Page 39: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Detail
![Page 40: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Detail
![Page 41: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Detail
![Page 42: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
PortraitofHieronymusBosch,c.1550
![Page 43: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
THETRIUMPHOFDEATH
TheTriumphofDeath portrays a panoramaof an armyof skeletonswreakinghavoc across a blackened, desolate landscape. Bruegel combines two distinctvisualtraditionswithinthepanel.WecandetectthenativetraditionofNorthernwoodcuts of the Dance of Death, as well as the Italian conception of TheTriumph of Death, as in frescoes the artist would have seen in the PalazzoSclafaniinPalermoandintheCamposantoMonumentaleatPisa.OnceagainwecanidentifytheinfluenceofBoschintheimagery,asfiresburninthedistanceandlegionsofskeletonsadvanceontheliving,whoeitherfleeinterrorortryinvaintofightback.
In the foreground, skeletonshaulawagon fullof skulls,while in theupperleftcornermoreskeletonssoundabell,announcingthedeathknelloftheworld.Victims are herded into a coffin shaped trap decorated with crosses, while askeleton on horseback kills other sinners with a scythe. The painting depictsrepresentativesofdifferent socialbackgrounds– frompeasantsand soldiers tonobles,aswellasakingandacardinal–beingtakenbydeathindiscriminately.TheTriumphofDeathexploresaspectsofeverydaylifeinthemid-sixteenth
century. Contemporary clothes are clearly depicted, as are pastimes such asplayingcardsandbackgammon.Objects suchasmusical instruments, anearlymechanical clock, scenes including a funeral service, and various methods ofexecution,includingthebreakingwheel,thegallowsandtheheadsmanalsogivetheflavourofpresent-daylife.
![Page 44: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Detail
![Page 46: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Detail
![Page 47: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Detail
![Page 48: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Detail
![Page 49: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Detail
![Page 50: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
THESUICIDEOFSAUL
TheSuicideof Saul is an early attempt byBruegel to reconcile landscape andfigurepainting.Thepanelconcernsararescenefrom1Samuel31,tellinghowSaul committed suicide following his defeat to the Philistines. Completed in1562,thepaneliscurrentlyheldattheKunsthistorischesMuseuminVienna.
The biblical account narrates how, “Saul said to his armour bearer, ‘Drawyoursword,and thrustme throughwith it, lest theseuncircumcisedmencomeandthrustmethroughandabuseme.’Buthisarmourbearerwouldnot, forhewas greatly afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword and fell on it. Andwhen hisarmourbearersawthatSaulwasdead,healsofellonhissword,anddiedwithhim.” Bruegel has chosen the dramatic moment of the death of the armourbearer, justas thePhilistinesareapproaching in thedistance.Saul’sdeathwasinterpreted as a punishment of pride, with Dante portraying him among theproud in the Purgatorio, which may account for Bruegel’s choice of anotherwise uncommon subject. As with most of his biblical subjects, BruegeltreatsSaul’ssuicideasacontemporaryevent,illustratingthearmiesinsixteenthcenturyarmour.
![Page 51: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Detail
![Page 53: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Detail
![Page 54: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Detail
![Page 55: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Detail
![Page 56: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
TheKunsthistorischesMuseuminVienna,wheremanyofBruegel’sextantpaintingsarehoused
![Page 57: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
THETOWEROFBABEL
Bruegel completed three oil paintings on the biblical subject of the Tower ofBabel. The first, aminiature painted on ivory,was completedwhile the artistwas in Rome and is now lost. The two surviving paintings portray theconstructionofthetower,whichaccordingtotheBookofGenesis,wasbuiltbyaunified,monolingualhumanityasamarkoftheirachievementandtopreventthemfromscattering:“Thentheysaid,‘Come,letusbuildourselvesacity,andatower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves;otherwise we shall be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.’”(Genesis11:4).ThepersonintheforegroundismostlikelyKingNimrod,whowas said to have ordered the construction of the Tower — a story ofteninterpretedasanexampleofpridepunished.
Bruegel’sdepictionofthearchitectureofthetower,withitsnumerousarchesand other examples of Roman engineering, is reminiscent of the Coliseum,whichBruegel had seen in1552duringhis Italian sojourn.When returning toAntwerp,hemayhaverefreshedhismemorywithaseriesofengravingsoftheprincipal landmarks of the city made by the publisher of his own prints,HieronymousCock.DetailsofRooster’sRomanengravingsareevidentinbothsurvivingversionsofTheTowerofBabel,withfewsignificantalterations.Theparallel of Rome and Babylon had a particular significance for Bruegel’scontemporaries:RomewasknownastheEternalCity, intendedbytheCaesarstolastforever,anditsdecayandruinwouldsymbolisethevanityandtransienceofearthlyefforts.Babel’sTowerwasalsosymbolicoftheturmoilbetweentheCatholic Church (which at the time conducted all services in Latin) and thepolyglotLutheranProtestantreligionoftheNetherlands.Althoughatfirstglancethetowerappearstobeastableseriesofconcentricpillars,whenwelookcloserwenotehownoneofthelayerslieatatruehorizontal.Insteadthetowerisbuiltas an ascending spiral, which is crumbling in places, hinting at the religiousturmoilprevalentintheNetherlandsatthattime.
![Page 58: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Detail
![Page 60: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Detail
![Page 61: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Detail
![Page 62: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Detail
![Page 63: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Detail
![Page 64: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
The“Little”TowerofBabel,c.1563,MuseumBoijmansVanBeuningen,Rotterdam
![Page 65: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
THEADORATIONOFTHEKINGS
Painted in 1564, The Adoration of the Kings is currently exhibited at theNational Gallery, London. The painting marks an important departure inBruegel’s oeuvre, as it is his first to be composed almost exclusively of largefigures. The nativity scene is inspired by Italian mannerist painters likeParmigianino,allowingtheartisttoconcentrateonindividualfaces,givingeachadistinct,individualexpression.Thisemphasisontheuniquenessofeachfigurediffers greatly from the portrayal of ideal beauty found in the Italianmanner;instead Bruegel presents the figures as unattractive and more mundane inappearance. He is far more interested in recording the range of individualreactionsinthescene,thanintryingtocaptureanimageofidealbeauty.
Thesceneiscomposedfromahighviewpoint,focusingourattentionontheChristChild,perchedonhismother’s lap,at thecentreof thepicture.Variousfigurescrowdaroundthemandthereislittlethoughtforestablishingasenseofdepth.TheelongatedfiguresoftheThreeKingsarecharacteristicofapaintingstyle thatwas fashionable in the sixteenth century. The figure on the extremerightwears spectacles,perhaps indicating that thosearoundChrist areblind tohis significance. In other paintingsBruegel uses spectacles to signal ironicallythesubject’sinabilitytoseethetruth.Itisuncommonforsoldierstobeincludedin a depiction of the Adoration — their presence may reflect the SpanishoccupationoftheNetherlandsatthistime.
![Page 66: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Detail
![Page 68: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Detail
![Page 69: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Detail
![Page 70: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Detail
![Page 71: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
SelfportraitinaConvexMirror(c.1524)ofParmigianino(1503-1540),anItalianManneristpainterandprintmakeractiveinFlorence,Rome,Bologna,andhisnativecityofParma.
![Page 72: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
THEPROCESSIONTOCALVARY
TheProcessiontoCalvaryisBruegel’ssecond-largestknownpaintinganditisoneofsixteenartworkslistedintheinventoryofthewealthyAntwerpcollector,Niclaes Jonghelinck,drawnup in1566. Itwas Jonghelinck that commissionedBruegel’s famous Months series. In 1604 The Procession to Calvary wasrecorded in thePrague collections ofRudolf II,HolyRomanEmperor, beforebeingtransferredtoVienna,andin1809(until1815)inParis,requisitionedbyNapoleonBonaparteaspartofhiswarbooty.
Bruegel’s treatment of the biblical story is unusually traditional. Christ’sinsignificant placement among the teeming crowds is a familiar device ofManneristpainting,asistheartificialinsertionofMaryandhercompanionsinarockyforeground.Theartist’slandscapesevolvedthroughouthiscareerfromthebird’s-eye views and extensive designs of his early works to the remarkablenaturalismof theMonths. Incredibly rockyoutcropscharacterise the landscapetradition of the Antwerp school founded by Joachim Patinir, whose followershad turned his style into a popular, though stale formula.Bruegel’s landscapepaintingsdemonstrateagradualdeparturefromthisstyle.InTheProcessiontoCalvary,however,hisdesiretoconveytherocky,unfamiliarterrainoftheHolyLand causes him to fall back on the ready-made landscape features of theAntwerpschool.
WiththeexceptionofChrist,thefiguresintheprocessionwearcontemporarydress,stressingthepresent-dayrelevancethatBruegelwishedtogivethescene.Thesacredfigures,includingthefaintingVirginassistedbySaintJohnandtheothertwoMarys,areseparatedfromthemaineventsbybeingplacedonasmall,rocky plateau. They act out their own, apparently independent, drama, largelyunnoticedbythefiguresbehindthem.
![Page 73: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Detail
![Page 75: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Detail
![Page 76: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Detail
![Page 77: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Detail
![Page 78: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Detail
![Page 79: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
THEHUNTERSINTHESNOW
The Hunters in the Snow is believed to form the first part of a series of sixpaintings now known as theMonths, of which five survive. Belonging to themedieval and early Renaissance tradition of the Labours of the Months, thepaintings depict various rural activities andwork understood by a spectator inBruegel’s time as representing the different months or times of the year.Commissioned by the wealthy merchant Jonghelinck, the series of paintingswereoriginallyintendedaspartofalarge-scaledecorativeschemeinhislavishhouseinAntwerp.ThepaintingswerecompletedbyFebruary1566andwouldhavebeenhunguphighonthewallabovethepanelling,producingacontinuousfriezearoundtheroom.TheHuntersintheSnowpresentsawhite-filledsceneinwhichthreehunters
arereturningfromanexpedition,accompaniedbytheirdogs.Itappearsthehuntwasunsuccessful,asthehunterstrudgewearilyandthedogsfollowdejectedly.Onefollowercarriesthesmallcorpseofafox,hintingatthefutilityofthehunt.Infrontofthemeninthesnowarethefootprintsofarabbitorhare,whichhaseludedthehunters.Theoverallvisualimpressionisoneofacalm,cold,overcastday; thecoloursaremutedwhitesandgreys,while the treesarebareof leavesandwoodsmokehangsheavyintheair.
Thelandscapeitselfisaflat-bottomedvalley,asarivermeandersthroughit,with jagged peaks visible on the far side. The alpine scene was most likelyinspiredbyBruegel’s own journey across theAlpswhen returning from Italy.Tall, dark trees seem to march down from the top of the hill, guiding ourviewpointoutandacrossthevalley,creatinganextraordinarysenseofdepthinthepainting.Awatermillisseenwithitswheelfrozenstiff.Inthevalley,figuresiceskate,playinghockeywithsticksonafrozenlake,renderedassilhouettes.
Theonlywarmthintheimagecomesfromablazingfireatthetopofthehillbeside a tavern, as several figures eagerly surround it. The tavern seems torepresentoneofthefewpleasuresofwinter,asthemenquicklyworktoprovidemorewoodfortheflames.Nevertheless,thehazardousinnsign,whichappearstobefallingoff,hintsattheprecariousnatureofhumanexistence.
![Page 80: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Detail
![Page 82: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Detail
![Page 83: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Detail
![Page 84: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Detail
![Page 85: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Detail
![Page 86: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Detail
![Page 87: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
‘GloomyDay’(February)–thefollowingpaintingintheseries,1565,KunsthistorischesMuseum,Vienna
![Page 88: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
THECENSUSATBETHLEHEM
Drawinghisinspirationfromthesnow-coveredlandscapesfoundintheBooksofHours, Bruegel is one of the first artists to paint snow scenes, a theme hereturned to another four times. Currently held at the RoyalMuseums of FineArtsofBelgiuminBrussels,TheCensusatBethlehemisanotherbiblicalsceneportrayed as a contemporary event, with the severity of the SpanishadministrationinthesouthernNetherlandsbeingalikelysourceofcriticism.TheeventsdepictedaredescribedinLuke2,1-5:“Anditcametopassinthosedaysthat a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that all the world should beregistered...Soallwent toberegistered,everyonetohisowncity.Josephalsowent up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city ofDavid,which iscalledBethlehem,becausehewasof thehouseand lineageofDavid,toberegisteredwithMary,hisbetrothedwife,whowaswithchild.”ThesubjectisinfactrareinNetherlandishartpriortoBruegel’sinterpretationofthescene.
Seenfromabove,asnow-coveredvillagestretchesfromaruinedcastle toafrozen pond by a church. Villagers are going about their everyday tasks,sweepingthesnow,buildingacabin,crossingthepondonfootnexttoaferry-boatcaughtintheiceandgatheringaroundafire.Childrenareplaying,throwingsnowballs, skating, spinning their topsand sledging. In the right foreground, amanwithalargecarpenter’ssawisleadinganoxandanass,thelatterbearingawomanwrappedtightlyinabluemantle.Withoutattractingattention,theypicktheirwaybetweenthecartsofbeerbarrelsandbales.ThesetwoinconsequentialfiguresareJosephandMary,whohavecometoBethlehemtobeenrolledintheuniversalcensusorderedbyAugustus.TheGospelepisodeisassociatedwiththepaymentoftax.Andindeedtotheleft,thecrowdispressinginfrontofthetax-gatherer’soffice,installedatthewindowoftheinn,whilstinfrontofthedoor,apig isbeingkilled.As in somanyofhis laterpaintings, theartist seemsmorepreoccupiedwiththeeverydayhappeningsofvillagelife,thanthemonumentaleventsofbiblicalstories.
![Page 89: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Detail
![Page 91: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Detail
![Page 92: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Detail
![Page 93: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Detail
![Page 94: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Detail
![Page 95: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
THECONVERSIONOFPAUL
YetanotherpaintingheldintheKunsthistorischesMuseum,TheConversionofPaul portrays Saint Paul on hisway toDamascus in contemporary dress of ablue doublet and hose, wearing sixteenth century armour and weapons. AsBruegelhadlivedinItalyforatime,hewouldhavebeenfamiliarwithclassicaldress,buthisintentioninrepresentingbiblicalscenesinpresent-daydresswastostress their relevance tohisown time. Inviewof thepersecutionandcounter-persecution of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation, the story of Paul’sconversionhadespecialsignificance.
The artist has chosen to set Saul’s conversion to Paul in a mountainlandscape.Theseacanbeseeninthedistance.ItwasfromtheItaliancoastthattheSpanish troopssetoff tocross theAlps, their task todriveout thehereticsandcrushNetherlandseffortstoobtainmorefreedom.Bruegelplacesthemainfigures in themiddledistance, almost lost amongst the largenumberofminorfigures, a technique common to Mannerists, intending to tease the spectator,drawingusintotheimageinsearchoftheprincipalsubjects.
![Page 96: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
![Page 97: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Detail
![Page 98: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Detail
![Page 99: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Detail
![Page 100: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Detail
![Page 101: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
THEPEASANTWEDDING
Bruegelspecialisedingenrepaintingspopulatedwithpeasants;however,thelifeand manners of the common man as the main focus of a work was rare inpaintingatthattimeandheisnowregardedasapioneerofgenrepainting.Hisearthy, unsentimental but vivid depiction of the rituals of village life —including agriculture, hunts,meals, festivals, dances and games— are uniquewindowsonavanishedfolkcultureofNetherlandishlifeandculture,providingaprimesourceoficonographicevidenceaboutbothphysicalandsocialaspectsofsixteenthcenturylife.ThePeasantWedding,datingfrom1567,isoneoftheartist’smosticonicgenrepaintingsandrevealsthepleasureBruegelmusthavetaken in painting peasants and different aspects of their lives. Due to hispreference for these subjects,he earned the sobriquetPeasant-Bruegel, thoughhis works are in fact charged with a sophisticated, intellectual and symbolicpower.TheartistwasalsoaleadingfigureoftheAntwerphumanistcircle.
The wedding feast takes place in a barn in the summertime — the twosheavesofgrainbyarakerecallingtheworkofharvestingandthetoilsomelifeof the peasants.The bride sits in front of a greenwall-hanging,with a paper-crown hung above her head and she also wears a crown on her head, as shepassivelywaits,notparticipatinginthecelebrationstakingplacearoundher.Thebridegroomisnot inattendanceof theweddingfeast inaccordance toFlemishcustom.The plates are carried on a door off its hinges. Themain food of thepeasantswasbread,porridgeandsoup.Otherfeaturesofthesceneincludetwopipersplayingthepijpzak,anunbreechedboyintheforegroundlickingaplate,thewealthymanatthefarrightfeedingadogbyputtingbreadonthebenchandamysteriousextra foot seenunder the loadofdishesbeingcarriedby the twomenintherightforeground.
Itisbelievedthataswellasbeingaliteralportrayalofapeasants’wedding,thepanelpaintingalsocontainsanimportantmoraldimension,commentingonthe excuse favoured by the peasants for self-indulgence. Bruegel is no longerinterested in personifying human foibles asBoschianmonsters; nowhe subtlydepictsourhumanfolliesinanaturalisticandhumorousmanner.
![Page 102: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
![Page 103: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Detail
![Page 104: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Detail
![Page 105: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Detail
![Page 106: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Detail
![Page 107: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Detail
![Page 108: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
THEPEASANTDANCE
ThePeasantDancewaspaintedataboutthesametimeasthepreviousplate—the sizes of the two paintings being the same, suggesting they were likelyintendedasapairoraspartofaseriesillustratingpeasantlife.TheyarethetwomostoutstandingexamplesofBruegel’slatestyle,whichischaracterisedbyhisuseofmonumentalItalianatefigures.Onceagain,Bruegelprobablyintendedthepaintingtohaveamoralsenseratherthansimplybeinganaffectionateportrayalofpeasant life.Thesinsofgluttony, lustandangercanallbe identified in thepainting.Themanseatednexttothebagpipeplayerwearsapeacockfeatherinhis hat, which serves as a symbol of vanity and pride. The occasion for thepeasants’ revelry is a saint’sday, although thedancers turn their backson thechurchandpaylittleattentiontotheimageoftheVirginthathangsonthetree.The prominence of the tavern makes it clear that they are preoccupied withmaterial,ratherthanspiritualmatters.
Thispanel,neithersignednordated,waslootedbyNapoleonBonaparteandbrought toParis in 1808, being later returned in 1815.Another version of thesamethemenowresidesintheDetroitInstituteofArts,whichisdatedto1566.Althoughthesurfaceisofapoorcondition,beinggenerallyworn,criticstendtoagree today that it isanoriginalworkbyBruegel.The figuresaresmallerandtherefore the scene ismore crowded and detailed,making the composition, insomerespects,moreeffectivethanitsmorefamouscounterpart,whichhangsintheKunsthistorischesMuseum,Vienna.
![Page 109: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
![Page 110: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Detail
![Page 111: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Detail
![Page 112: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Detail
![Page 113: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Detail
![Page 114: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
‘TheWeddingDance’,c.1566,oilonpanel,DetroitInstituteofArts
![Page 115: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
THEBEGGARS
Also known as The Cripples, this 1568 oil-on-panel is the only painting byBruegel to be exhibited in the Louvre, which it received as a gift in 1892. Itpresents the unsettling scene of five cripples, huddled on the outside ground,accompanied by a beggar-woman in the right background, holding a beggingbowl.Variousattemptshavebeenmadetointerprettheimageasanallusiontoahistoricalevent,withthefoxes’tailsattachedonthebeggars’clothesreferencingtheGueux,arebelpartyformedagainstthegovernmentofPhilipIIofSpainandGranvelle.Thefivemenarenoordinarybeggars,astheywearcarnivalheadgearrepresenting various classes of society: a cardboard crown (the king), a papershako(thesoldier),aberet(thebourgeois),acap(thepeasant),andamitre(thebishop)allsuggestingambiguoussatiricalmeanings.Somecommentatorshavesuggested that the beggars’ physical imperfections are intended to symbolisemoraldecrepitude,whichcanaffectallmen,irrespectiveofclass.
On thebackof thepainting, there are two inscriptions,which seem todatefrom the sixteenthcentury.One is inFlemishand inavery fragmentary state;the other is in Latin and records the admiration a humanist critic felt forBruegel’sachievements,whose‘artsurpassesNatureitself’.Thepaintingdatesfrom the end of Bruegel’s career, when he displayed a keener interest in thenaturalworld.
![Page 116: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
![Page 117: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Detail
![Page 118: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Detail
![Page 119: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Detail
![Page 120: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Detail
![Page 121: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
THEBLINDLEADINGTHEBLIND
PaintedayearbeforeBruegel’sdeath, this famous imageconveysabitter andsorrowful tone. Executed in distemper on linen canvas, it depicts the Biblicalparableoftheblindleadingtheblind,asdescribedinMatthew15:14,inwhichChrist refers to thePharisees.ThepaintingdemonstratesBruegel’smastery ofobservation, as each of the blindmen has a different eye affliction, includingcorneal leukoma, atrophy of globe and removed eyes. The figures hold theirheads aloft tomake better use of their other senses, demonstrating the artist’scareful observation of authentic blind people. The diagonal compositionreinforces the off-kilter motion of the six figures falling in progression. TheimagemayhavebeeninfluencedbytheestablishmentoftheCouncilofTroublesby the government of the Spanish Netherlands in 1567. The council orderedmassarrestsandexecutionstoenforceSpanishruleandsuppressProtestantism.
Bruegel expands the two blindmen in the parable to six and they arewelldressed,ratherthanwearingthepeasantclothingthattypifieshislatework.Theyareportrayedasaprocessionofdisfiguredmen,passingalongapathborderedbyariverononesideandavillagewithachurchontheother.Theleaderofthegrouphasfallenonhisbackintoaditchand,sincetheyareall linkedbytheirstaffs,hedragshiscompanionsdownwithhim.Thefirstblindman’sfaceisnotvisible;thesecondtwistshisheadashefalls,perhapstoavoidlandingface-first.Theshinguard-cladthirdman,onhistoeswithkneesbentandfacetothesky,shares a staffwith the second, bywhich he is being pulled down. The othershaveyettostumble,butthesamefateappearsimminent.
Thechurchinthebackground,identifiedastheSint-AnnaChurch,atDilbeekin modern Belgium, has sparked much modern commentary. Some criticsbelieve that its inclusion is evidenceof thepainting’smoralistic intent— thatwhilethefirsttwoblindmenstumbleandarebeyondredemption,theotherfourarebehindthechurchandsomaybesaved.Anotherinterpretationsuggeststhatthechurch,withawitheredtreeplacedbeforeit,isananti-Catholicsymbol,andthat those who follow it will fall following a blind leader. Others deny anysymbolismin thebuilding,noting thatchurchesfrequentlyappear inBruegel’svillagescenes,astheywereacommonpartofthevillagelandscape.
Bruegel’sdepictionsofbeggarsleftastronginfluenceonthosethatfollowedhim,suchasDavidVinckboons.HieronymusWierixincorporatedacopyofThe
![Page 122: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Blind Leading the Blind into the series Twelve Flemish Proverbs. A forgeryattributedtoJacobSaverycalledTheBlindappearedinc. 1600,bearingafalseinscriptiondatingitto1562.Bruegel’ssonPieterBruegheltheYoungerpaintedalargercopyinc. 1616withadditionaldetails,includingaflockofsheep,whichhangstodayintheLouvre.
![Page 123: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
![Page 124: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Detail
![Page 125: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Detail
![Page 126: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Detail
![Page 127: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Detail
![Page 128: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Detail
![Page 129: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
TheforgerybyJacobSavery,c. 1600
![Page 130: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
ThecopybyPieterBruegheltheYounger,c. 1616
![Page 131: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
ThevillagechurchofSint-Anna-Pede
![Page 132: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
THEMISANTHROPE
Thistemperacanvaspaintingwascompletedin1568andisheldattheNationalMuseumofCapodimonteinNaples,Italy.Encasedinasquareframe,itdepictsablack-robedandwhite-beardedelderlyman,whoclaspshishandsbeforehim.Asmallerbarefootedmansecretlyusesaknifetocutthestringsoftheotherman’smoney pouch. The oldman appears lost in thought, failing to notice both thetheftandthethornsthatlieinhispath.Atransparentspherewithacrossat itspeakencloses the thief.TheFlemish inscriptionat thebottomreads:“Becausetheworldisperfidious,/Iamgoingintomourning.”Themoralsuggeststhatarelinquishmentof theworld isnotpossible,aswemust faceup to theworld’sdifficultiesandrefusetoabandonourresponsibilities.
Theimageteemswithrichsymbolism.Thesmallfigureinaglassballservesasasymbolofvanity.Thehoodedmisanthropeiscontrastedwiththeshepherdin thebackground,whoguardshis sheepandappearsmorewiseandvirtuous,due to the simple, honourable performance of his duties and his sense ofresponsibilitytowardhischarges.Themisanthropeiswalkingunawarestowardsthemantrapssetforhimbytheworldand, inspiteofhis intentions,hecannotrenounceitashewouldwish.
Bruegel issaid tohavediedabout theyear1570at theageofsixty, thoughother accounts give 1590 as the date of his death. There are about 45authenticated surviving paintings, one third of which are housed in theKunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. A number of other oil paintings areknown to have been lost. Pieter the Elder had two sons: Pieter Brueghel theYoungerandJanBruegheltheElder,whowereverysmallchildrenwhentheirfatherdiedandsowerebroughtupbytheirgrandmother,MaykenVerhulst.Theolderbrother,PieterBrueghel,wasnot thebetterpainterof the two;hecopiedhis father’s style, but without any degree of great talent. Jan was moresuccessful;heturnedtotheBaroquestyleandevencollaboratedwithPeterPaulRubens.
![Page 133: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
![Page 134: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Detail
![Page 135: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Detail
![Page 136: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
Detail
![Page 137: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
Detail
![Page 138: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
PieterBruegheltheYoungerbyAnthonyvanDyck
![Page 139: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
JanBreughelwithhissecondwifeandtheireldestchildrenbyPeterPaulRubens,1615
![Page 140: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
ThePaintings
Antwerp,acityinBelgium,intheregionofFlanders.In1551BruegelenteredtheguildofAntwerpasamasterpainter,whereheremaineduntil1563.
![Page 141: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
‘ViewofAntwerpwiththefrozenScheldt’byLucasvanValckenborch,1590
![Page 142: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
THECOMPLETEPAINTINGS
Bruegel’s paintings are presented in chronological order, with an alphabeticaltableofcontentsfollowingimmediatelyafter.
CONTENTS
LandscapewithChristandtheApostlesattheSeaofTiberiasTheAdorationoftheKingsParableoftheSowerTwelveProverbsNetherlandishProverbsTheFightBetweenCarnivalandLentChildren’sGamesBattleintheBayofNaplesLandscapewiththeFallofIcarus(copy)TheFalloftheRebelAngelsDullGretTheTriumphofDeathTwoMonkeysTheSuicideofSaulPortraitofanOldWomanYawningManLandscapewiththeFlightintoEgyptTheTowerofBabelTheAdorationoftheKingsDeathoftheVirginTheProcessiontoCalvaryTheHuntersintheSnowTheReturnoftheHerdHaymakingTheHarvestersTheGloomyDayChristandtheWomanTakeninAdultery
![Page 143: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
TheTowerofBabelMassacreoftheInnocentsTheWineofSaintMartin’sDayTheWineofSaintMartin’sDayTheCensusatBethlehemTheLandofCockaigneTheSermonofSaintJohntheBaptistTheWeddingDanceAdorationoftheKingsintheSnowConversionofPaulTheBeggarsTheThreeSoldiersTheMagpieontheGallowsParableoftheBlindTheMisanthropeThePeasantWeddingThePeasantDanceThePeasantandtheNestRobberTheDrunkardPushedintothePigstyTheStormatSea
![Page 144: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
ALPHABETICALLISTOFPAINTINGS
CONTENTS
AdorationoftheKingsintheSnowBattleintheBayofNaplesChildren’sGamesChristandtheWomanTakeninAdulteryConversionofPaulDeathoftheVirginDullGretHaymakingLandscapewithChristandtheApostlesattheSeaofTiberiasLandscapewiththeFallofIcarus(copy)LandscapewiththeFlightintoEgyptMassacreoftheInnocentsNetherlandishProverbsParableoftheBlindParableoftheSowerPortraitofanOldWomanTheAdorationoftheKingsTheAdorationoftheKingsTheBeggarsTheCensusatBethlehemTheDrunkardPushedintothePigstyTheFalloftheRebelAngelsTheFightBetweenCarnivalandLentTheGloomyDayTheHarvestersTheHuntersintheSnowTheLandofCockaigneTheMagpieontheGallowsTheMisanthropeThePeasantandtheNestRobber
![Page 145: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
ThePeasantDanceThePeasantWeddingTheProcessiontoCalvaryTheReturnoftheHerdTheSermonofSaintJohntheBaptistTheStormatSeaTheSuicideofSaulTheThreeSoldiersTheTowerofBabelTheTowerofBabelTheTriumphofDeathTheWeddingDanceTheWineofSaintMartin’sDayTheWineofSaintMartin’sDayTwelveProverbsTwoMonkeysYawningMan
![Page 146: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
LandscapewithChristandtheApostlesattheSeaofTiberias
1553Oilonpanel67x100Privatecollection
![Page 147: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
TheAdorationoftheKingsc.1556Temperaoncanvas124×169RoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgium
![Page 148: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
ParableoftheSower1557Oilonpanel73.7×102.9TimkenMuseumofArt
![Page 149: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
TwelveProverbs1558Oilonpanel75×98MuseumMayervandenBergh
![Page 150: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
NetherlandishProverbs1559Oilonpanel117×163BerlinStateMuseums
![Page 151: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
TheFightBetweenCarnivalandLent1559Oilonpanel118×164KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 152: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
Children’sGames1560Oilonpanel118×161KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 153: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
BattleintheBayofNaples1560Oilonpanel42.2×71.2DoriaPamphiljGallery
![Page 154: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
LandscapewiththeFallofIcarus(copy)1560sOiloncanvas73.5×112RoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgium
![Page 155: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
TheFalloftheRebelAngels1562Oilonpanel117×162RoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgium
![Page 156: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
DullGret1562Oilonpanel117.4×162MuseumMayervandenBergh
![Page 157: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
TheTriumphofDeathс.1562Oilonpanel117×162Prado
![Page 158: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
TwoMonkeys1562Oiloncanvas20×23BerlinStateMuseums
![Page 159: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
![Page 160: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
TheSuicideofSaul1562Oilonpanel33.5×55KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 161: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
PortraitofanOldWoman1563Oilonpanel22×18AltePinakothek
![Page 162: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
![Page 163: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
YawningMan1563?Oilonpanel12.6x9.2RoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgium
![Page 164: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
![Page 165: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
LandscapewiththeFlightintoEgypt1563Oilonpanel37.1×55.6CourtauldInstituteGalleries
![Page 166: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
TheTowerofBabel1563Oilonpanel114×155KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 167: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
TheAdorationoftheKings1564Oilonpanel111.1×83.2TheNationalGallery,London
![Page 168: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
![Page 169: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
DeathoftheVirgin1564Oilonpanel36×55UptonHouse
![Page 170: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
TheProcessiontoCalvary1564Oilonpanel124×170KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 171: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
TheHuntersintheSnow1565Oilonpanel117×162KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 172: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
TheReturnoftheHerd1565Oilonpanel117×159KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 173: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
Haymaking1565Oilonpanel117×161LobkowiczPalaceatthePragueCastleComplex
![Page 174: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
TheHarvesters1565Oilonpanel116.5×159.5MetropolitanMuseumofArt
![Page 175: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
TheGloomyDay1565Oilonpanel118×163KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 176: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
ChristandtheWomanTakeninAdulteryc.1565Oilonpanel24×34CourtauldInstituteGalleries
![Page 177: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
TheTowerofBabelc.1565Oilonpanel59.9×74.6MuseumBoijmansVanBeuningen
![Page 178: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
![Page 179: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
MassacreoftheInnocentsc.1565-1567Oilonpanel109.2×158.1RoyalCollectionandatUptonHouse,Warwickshire
![Page 180: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
TheWineofSaintMartin’sDay1565–1568Temperaoncanvas148×270.5Prado
![Page 181: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/181.jpg)
TheWineofSaintMartin’sDayc.1565–1568Oiloncanvas147×269.5RoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgium
![Page 182: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
TheCensusatBethlehem1566Oilonpanel115.5×163.5RoyalMuseumsofFineArtsofBelgium
![Page 183: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
TheLandofCockaigne1566Oilonpanel52×78AltePinakothek
![Page 184: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/184.jpg)
TheSermonofSaintJohntheBaptist1566Oilonpanel95×160.5MuseumofFineArts(Budapest)
![Page 185: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/185.jpg)
TheWeddingDancec.1566Oilonpanel119.4×157.5DetroitInstituteofArts
![Page 186: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/186.jpg)
AdorationoftheKingsintheSnow1567Temperaonpanel35×55MuseumOskarReinhartamStadtgarten
![Page 187: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/187.jpg)
ConversionofPaul1567Oilonpanel108×156KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 188: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/188.jpg)
TheBeggars1568Oilonpanel18.5×21.5Louvre
![Page 189: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/189.jpg)
![Page 190: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/190.jpg)
TheThreeSoldiers1568Oilonpanel20.3×17.8TheFrickCollection
![Page 191: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/191.jpg)
![Page 192: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/192.jpg)
TheMagpieontheGallows1568Oilonpanel45.9×50.8HessischesLandesmuseum
![Page 193: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/193.jpg)
![Page 194: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/194.jpg)
ParableoftheBlind1568Temperaoncanvas85.5×154MuseodiCapodimonte
![Page 195: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/195.jpg)
TheMisanthrope1568Temperaoncanvas86×85MuseodiCapodimonte
![Page 196: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/196.jpg)
![Page 197: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/197.jpg)
ThePeasantWedding1568Oilonpanel114×164KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 198: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/198.jpg)
ThePeasantDance1568Oilonpanel114×164KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 199: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/199.jpg)
ThePeasantandtheNestRobber1568Oilonpanel59.3×68.3KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 200: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/200.jpg)
![Page 201: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/201.jpg)
TheDrunkardPushedintothePigsty1568?Oilonpanel18cm.diam.PrivateCollection(SoldatChristiesin2002)
![Page 202: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/202.jpg)
![Page 203: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/203.jpg)
TheStormatSea1569Oilonpanel70.3×97KunsthistorischesMuseum
![Page 204: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/204.jpg)
TheDrawings
Brussels,Belgium—Bruegel’shomefrom1563untilhisdeathin1569
![Page 205: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/205.jpg)
LISTOFDRAWINGS
![Page 206: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/206.jpg)
CONTENTS
RiverLandscapeSouthernCloisterinaValleyWoodedLandscapewithMillsPastoralLandscapeMountainLandscapewithRidgeandValleyPaththroughaVillageMuleCaravanonHillsideRipaGrandeinRomeAlpineLandscapeLandscapewithaFortifiedTownLandscapewithSaintJeromeMountainLandscapewithaRiverSylvanLandscapewithFiveBearsItalianLandscape(afterDomenicoCampagnola)LandscapewithaGroupofTreesandaMuleWoodedLandscapewithaDistantViewtowardtheSeaBigFishEatLittleFishGreedRestontheFlightintoEgyptTheTemptationsofSt.AnthonyDesidia(Sloth)TheAlchemistElckSevenvirtues-Love(Charitas)MadMegThePainterandtheBuyerSpringBeekeepersCalumnyofApellesAFoolTryingtoHatchanEmptyEggWildemansMaskeradeSevenDeadlySins-Greed(Avaritia)SevenDeadlySins-Pride(Superbia)SevenDeadlySins-Acedia(Desidia)SevenDeadlySins-Gluttony
![Page 207: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/207.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Envy(Invidia)SevenDeadlySins-Wrath(Ira)SevenDeadlySins-Lechery(Luxuria)SevenDeadlySins-FinalDepictionoftheDoomSevenVirtues-Faith(Fides)SevenVirtues-Hope(Spes)SevenVirtues-Love(Charitas)SevenVirtues-Temperance(Temperantia)SevenVirtues-Wisdom(Prudentia)SevenVirtues-Justice(Iusticia)SevenVirtues-Force(Fortitudo)SevenVirtues-ChristinLimboTheFairofSaintGeorge’sDayLandscapewithRabbitHunt
![Page 208: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/208.jpg)
RiverLandscape1552PenoninkDépartmentdesArtsGraphiquesduMuséeduLouvre,Paris
![Page 209: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/209.jpg)
SouthernCloisterinaValley1552Penonink32.6×18.5cm(12.8×7.3in)StaatlicheMuseenzuBerlin,Kupferstichkabinett
![Page 210: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/210.jpg)
WoodedLandscapewithMills1552Inkonpaper28.1×21.3cm(11.1×8.4in)BibliotecaAmbrosiana,Milan
![Page 211: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/211.jpg)
PastoralLandscape1552Inkonpaper21.5×31cm(8.5×12.2in)NationalMuseumofArt,Oslo
![Page 212: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/212.jpg)
MountainLandscapewithRidgeandValleyc.1552Inkonpaper20.4×29.5cm(8×11.6in)HerzogAntonUlrich-MuseumBraunschweig,Kupferstichkabinett
![Page 213: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/213.jpg)
PaththroughaVillagec.1552Inkonpaper20.7×33.1cm(8.1×13in)PrentenkabinetderRijksuniversiteit,Leiden
![Page 214: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/214.jpg)
MuleCaravanonHillsidec.1552.Inkonpaper20.7×33.1cm(8.1×13in)PrentenkabinetderRijksuniversiteit,Leiden
![Page 215: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/215.jpg)
RipaGrandeinRomec.1552-54Inkonpaper21.8×30.2cm(8.6×11.9in)MuseumBoijmansVanBeuningen,Rotterdam
![Page 216: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/216.jpg)
AlpineLandscapec.1553Penonink23.6×34.3cm(9.3×13.5in)DépartmentdesArtsGraphiquesduMuséeduLouvre,Paris
![Page 217: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/217.jpg)
LandscapewithaFortifiedTown1553Penonpaper23.6×33.3cm(9.3×13.1in)BritishMuseum,London
![Page 218: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/218.jpg)
LandscapewithSaintJerome1553Penonpaper23.2×33.6cm(9.1×13.2in)NationalGalleryofArt,Washington
![Page 219: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/219.jpg)
MountainLandscapewithaRiver1553Penonpaper22.9×33.8cm(9×13.3in)BritishMuseum,London
![Page 220: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/220.jpg)
SylvanLandscapewithFiveBears1554PenonpaperNationalGalleryinPrague
![Page 221: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/221.jpg)
ItalianLandscape(afterDomenicoCampagnola)1554Penonpaper46.6×33.3cm(18.3×13.1in)SaatlicheMuseenzuBerlin,Kupferstichkabinett
![Page 222: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/222.jpg)
LandscapewithaGroupofTreesandaMule1554Penonink19.7×25.8cm(7.8×10.2in)Privatecollection
![Page 223: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/223.jpg)
WoodedLandscapewithaDistantViewtowardtheSea
1554Penonpaper26×34.4cm(10.2×13.5in)TheFoggArtMuseum
![Page 224: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/224.jpg)
![Page 225: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/225.jpg)
BigFishEatLittleFish1556PenoninkAlbertina,Vienna
![Page 226: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/226.jpg)
Greed1556Penonink22.8×29.7cm(9×11.7in)BritishMuseum,London
![Page 227: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/227.jpg)
![Page 228: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/228.jpg)
RestontheFlightintoEgypt1555-56Penonink20.3×28.2cm(8×11.1in)SaatlicheMuseenzuBerlin,Kupferstichkabinett
![Page 229: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/229.jpg)
TheTemptationsofSt.Anthony1556DrawingOxford,AshmoleanMuseum
![Page 230: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/230.jpg)
Desidia(Sloth)1557PenoninkAlbertina,Vienna
![Page 231: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/231.jpg)
TheAlchemist1558PenoninkKupferstichkabinett,Berlin
![Page 232: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/232.jpg)
Elck1558Penonink22.8×29.7cm(9×11.7in)BritishMuseum,London
![Page 233: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/233.jpg)
Sevenvirtues-Love(Charitas)1559Penonink22.3×29.4cm(8.8×11.6in)MuseumBoijmansVanBeuningen,Rotterdam
![Page 234: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/234.jpg)
MadMeg1561Penonink39×53.4cm(15.4×21in)MuseumKunstpalast,Düsseldorf
![Page 235: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/235.jpg)
ThePainterandtheBuyer1565Penonink39×53.4cm(15.4×21in)Albertina,Vienna
![Page 236: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/236.jpg)
![Page 237: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/237.jpg)
Spring1565PenoninkAlbertina,Vienna
![Page 238: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/238.jpg)
Beekeepersc.1568Drawing20.3×30.9cm(8×12.2in)StaatlicheMuseenzuBerlin,Kupferstichkabinett
![Page 239: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/239.jpg)
CalumnyofApelles1565-69Penonink20.2×30.6cm(8×12in)BritishMuseum,London
![Page 240: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/240.jpg)
AFoolTryingtoHatchanEmptyEgg1569Penandbrowninkonpaper17.5×17.9cm(6.9×7in)London,BritishMuseum
![Page 241: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/241.jpg)
![Page 242: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/242.jpg)
WildemansMaskerade1566Woodcut27.5×41.3cm(10.8×16.3in)MuseumBojimansVanBeuningen,Rotterdam
![Page 243: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/243.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Greed(Avaritia)1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 244: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/244.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Pride(Superbia)1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 245: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/245.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Acedia(Desidia)1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 246: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/246.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Gluttony1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 247: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/247.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Envy(Invidia)1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 248: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/248.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Wrath(Ira)1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 249: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/249.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-Lechery(Luxuria)1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 250: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/250.jpg)
SevenDeadlySins-FinalDepictionoftheDoom1558Etchingandengraving22.5×29.5cm(8.9×11.6in)
![Page 251: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/251.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Faith(Fides)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 252: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/252.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Hope(Spes)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 253: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/253.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Love(Charitas)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 254: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/254.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Temperance(Temperantia)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 255: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/255.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Wisdom(Prudentia)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 256: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/256.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Justice(Iusticia)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 257: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/257.jpg)
SevenVirtues-Force(Fortitudo)1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 258: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/258.jpg)
SevenVirtues-ChristinLimbo1561-62Etchingandengraving23.3×28.7cm(9.2×11.3in)
![Page 259: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/259.jpg)
TheFairofSaintGeorge’sDay1559-62Etchingandengraving33.6×52.4cm(13.2×20.6in)MuseumofFineArts,Houston
![Page 260: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/260.jpg)
LandscapewithRabbitHunt1560Etching21.3×29.2cm(8.4×11.5in)Rijksmuseum,Amsterdam
![Page 261: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/261.jpg)
TheBiography
![Page 262: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/262.jpg)
PortraitofPieterBruegeltheElderbyEdmedeBoulonois,1682
![Page 263: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/263.jpg)
BRIEFBIOGRAPHY
FromTheEncyclopediaAmericana,1920
BRUEGEL,orBREUGHEL,BREUGELS,etc.,afamilyoriginatinginBrabantandofwhichnolessthan12individuals—duringaperiodoffivegenerations—wereartists.Onlyoneofthemisoffirst-rateimportance,butheissufficientto immortalize thename.This is the founderof the family,Pieter: b.Bruegel,nearBreda,about1528;d.Brussels1569.He isoftenspokenofas theOldorPeasantBruegel,by reasonofhis subjects, and is tobedistinguished fromhisson,PieterII,calledHellBruegel.Whilethelatermembersofthefamilymaybeconsidered as of the Flemish school, Pieter (I) is of the Dutch school. PieterBruegel, theelder,beganhis studiesunderapupilofHieronymusBosch,whopersuaded him to go toAntwerp andwork under P.Coeck d’Alast, painter toCharlesV.Hedidso,buthisadmirationforhisrobustcompatriot,Bosch,kepthim from accepting the Italian tendency ofCoeck, and it is toBosch thatwemusttraceBruegel’stechniqueandhisideaofart.In1551heenteredtheguildofAntwerpasamasterpainter.ShortlyafterwardhemadeajourneytoItaly,byway of France, arriving in Rome in 1553. By 1554 hewas back in Flanders,againbutlittleinfluencedbytheItalians.HelivedatAntwerptill1563,whenhemarried the daughter of Pieter Coeck and took up his residence at Brussels,whereheremaineduntilhisdeath.It isduringhislastsixyearsthathisgeniusreacheditsgreatestdevelopment.Hehadalreadyaccomplishedapowerfulandoriginal work in his earlier religious pictures and he continued with thesesubjects.But the realisticobservationofBruegelwasmoreat libertywhen, inhislastperiod,hefranklytookthelifeabouthimashissubject,forithadbeenthatwhich interested him chiefly evenwhen depicting sacred themes. All thevigoroushumorandsatireofBoschappearagaininafinerandmoreprofoundspirit.Thewhole outlook ofBrouwer,Ostade andTeniers in the 17th centuryandMilletinthe19thisforeseen,andtheyneverapproachedtheirpredecessor.The sane and healthy outlook on mankind is supplemented by a magnificentconceptionofnature.Onecanthinkofnootherpainterwhohasgiventhesenseof vastness in a landscape and at the same time kept the amazing realism ofdetailthatBruegelgivesus.Bestofall,hehasasenseofdesignthatcarrieshisphilosophicandemotionalqualitiesimmediatelyintotherealmofart.Heis,in
![Page 264: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/264.jpg)
fact, one of the world’s great designers, and the admiration he inspires isincreased when we reflect that he is the originator of his style instead ofinheritingitfromothers.Aspainting,whetherintempera(asthe‘BlindMen’atNaples)orinoil(e.g.,‘Winter’atTournai)hisworksaremasterpieces.Amongotherimportantpicturestobementionedarethe‘MassacreoftheInnocents,’atBrussels; ‘The Brigands,’ at the University of Stockholm; ‘The WeddingDinner’attheViennaMuseum,and‘TheWolf,’inthecollectionofMr.JohnG.JohnsonofPhiladelphia.HisspiritedandimportantengravingshavebeeneditedbyVanBastelaer.Hiseldestson,PieterTheYounger,b.Brussels1564;d.there1637,studiedwithGillisvanConincxlooatAntwerp.Likehisfather,hepaintedruralandgenresubjects,butheisgenerallyknownas“Höllen-Bruegel,”becauseofhis fondness for representing the infernal regions and subjects likewitches,devilsandrobbers.JanBruegel,TheElder:b.Brussels1568;d.there1625.Theyounger son of Pieter the Elder is usually called “Velvet-Bruegel” from thesoftnessandsmoothnessofhistechnique.HestudiedwithGoetkindinAntwerpand spent several years in Italy.He returned toAntwerp about1597and soonacquiredwealthandhighhonors.Hewasdeanofthepainters’guild(1601-02)and, likehis intimate friend,Rubens,wasofficial painter to the regentsof theNetherlands. His landscapes are important in the development of landscapepainting.Theyusuallycontainmanysmall figuresandarenumerous inall theprincipal European collections. The most important are probably the 54examplesinthegalleryofMadrid.Hissonandpupil,JanBruegel,TheYounger:b.Brussels1601;d.1678.Itisdifficulttodistinguishhisworkfromhisfather’s.For the Bruegel family consult Rooses, ‘Geschiedenis der Antwerpschebilderschule’(Antwerp1887-90),andMichel,‘LesBrueghel’(Paris1892).
![Page 265: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/265.jpg)
TheDelphiClassicsCatalogue
WeareproudtopresentalistingofourcompletecatalogueofEnglishtitles,withnewtitlesbeingaddedeverymonth.BuyingdirectfromourwebsitemeansyoucanmakegreatsavingsandtakeadvantageofourinstantUpdatesservice.Youcanevenpurchaseanentireseries(SuperSet)ataspecialdiscountedprice.
Only fromourwebsite can readerspurchase the specialPartsEdition of ourCompleteWorks titles.WhenyoubuyaPartsEdition,youwillreceiveafolderofyourchosenauthor’sworks,witheachnovel,play,poetrycollection,non-fictionbookandmoredividedintoitsownspecialvolume.Thisallowsyoutoreadindividualnovelsetc.andtoknowpreciselywhereyouareinaneBook.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourPartsEditionpage.
![Page 266: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/266.jpg)
SeriesContents
SeriesOne
AntonChekhovCharlesDickensD.H.Lawrence
DickensianaVolumeIEdgarAllanPoeElizabethGaskell
FyodorDostoyevskyGeorgeEliotH.G.WellsHenryJamesIvanTurgenevJackLondonJamesJoyceJaneAustenJosephConradLeoTolstoy
LouisaMayAlcottMarkTwainOscarWilde
RobertLouisStevensonSirArthurConanDoyle
SirWalterScottTheBrontësThomasHardyVirginiaWoolf
![Page 267: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/267.jpg)
WilkieCollins
WilliamMakepeaceThackeraySeriesTwo
AlexanderPushkinAlexandreDumas(English)
AndrewLangAnthonyTrollopeBramStoker
ChristopherMarloweDanielDefoeEdithWharton
F.ScottFitzgeraldG.K.Chesterton
GustaveFlaubert(English)H.RiderHaggardHermanMelville
HonorédeBalzac(English)J.W.vonGoethe(English)
JulesVerneL.FrankBaumLewisCarroll
MarcelProust(English)NathanielHawthorne
NikolaiGogolO.Henry
RudyardKiplingTobiasSmollettVictorHugo
WilliamShakespeareSeriesThree
AmbroseBierceAnnRadcliffe
![Page 268: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/268.jpg)
BenJonsonCharlesLeverÉmileZola
FordMadoxFordGeoffreyChaucerGeorgeGissingGeorgeOrwell
GuydeMaupassantH.P.LovecraftHenrikIbsen
HenryDavidThoreauHenryFieldingJ.M.Barrie
JamesFenimoreCooperJohnBuchan
JohnGalsworthyJonathanSwiftKateChopin
KatherineMansfieldL.M.MontgomeryLaurenceSterneMaryShelley
SheridanLeFanu
WashingtonIrvingSeriesFour
ArnoldBennettArthurMachenBeatrixPotterBretHarte
CaptainFrederickMarryatCharlesKingsleyCharlesReadeG.A.Henty
EdgarRiceBurroughsEdgarWallaceE.M.ForsterE.Nesbit
GeorgeMeredithHarrietBeecherStoweJeromeK.Jerome
JohnRuskin
![Page 269: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/269.jpg)
MariaEdgeworthM.E.Braddon
MigueldeCervantesM.R.James
R.M.BallantyneRobertE.HowardSamuelJohnson
StendhalStephenCrane
ZaneGreySeriesFive
AlgernonBlackwoodAnatoleFrance
BeaumontandFletcherCharlesDarwin
EdwardBulwer-LyttonEdwardGibbonE.F.Benson
FrancesHodgsonBurnettFriedrichNietzscheGeorgeBernardShawGeorgeMacDonald
HilaireBellocJohnBunyanJohnWebster
MargaretOliphantMaximGorky
OliverGoldsmithRadclyffeHall
RobertW.ChambersSamuelButler
SamuelRichardsonSirThomasMaloryThomasCarlyle
WilliamHarrisonAinsworth
![Page 270: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/270.jpg)
WilliamDeanHowells
WilliamMorrisSeriesSixAnthonyHopeAphraBehn
ArthurMorrisonBaronessEmmaOrczyCaptainMayneReidCharlotteM.Yonge
CharlottePerkinsGilmanE.W.HornungEllenWood
FrancesBurneyFrankNorris
FrankR.StocktonHallCaine
HoraceWalpoleOneThousandandOneNights
R.AustinFreemanRafaelSabatini
SakiSamuelPepys
SirIssacNewtonStanleyJ.WeymanThomasDeQuinceyThomasMiddleton
VoltaireWilliamHazlitt
WilliamHopeHodgsonSeriesSevenAdamSmith
BenjaminDisraeliConfucius
![Page 271: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/271.jpg)
DavidHumeE.M.Delafield
E.PhillipsOppenheimEdmundBurke
ErnestHemingwayFrancesTrollopeGalileoGalileiGuyBoothby
HansChristianAndersenIanFleming
ImmanuelKantKarlMarx
KennethGrahameLyttonStrachey
MaryWollstonecraftMicheldeMontaigne
RenéDescartesRichardMarshSaxRohmer
SirRichardBurtonTalbotMundy
ThomasBabingtonMacaulay
W.W.JacobsSeriesEight
AnnaKatharineGreenArthurSchopenhauerTheBrothersGrimm
C.S.LewisCharlesandMaryLambElizabethvonArnim
ErnestBramahFrancisBacon
GilbertandSullivanGrantAllen
HenrykSienkiewiczHughWalpole
Jean-JacquesRousseauJohnLockeJohnMuir
JosephAddisonLafcadioHearn
![Page 272: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/272.jpg)
LordDunsanyMarieCorelli
NiccolòMachiavelliOuida
RichardBrinsleySheridanSigmundFreudTheodoreDreiserWalterPater
W.SomersetMaughamAncientClassics
AchillesTatiusAeschylus
AmmianusMarcellinusApollodorusAppianApuleius
ApolloniusofRhodesAristophanesAristotleArrian
AugustineAulusGellius
BedeCassiusDio
CatoCatullusCicero
ClementofAlexandriaCorneliusNeposDemosthenes
DiodorusSiculusDiogenesLaërtius
EuripidesFrontiusHerodotusHesiod
HippocratesHomerHoraceIsocratesJosephus
![Page 273: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/273.jpg)
JuliusCaesarJuvenalLivyLongusLucanLucianLucretius
MarcusAureliusMartialNonnusOvid
PausaniasPetroniusPindarPlatoPlautus
PlinytheElderPlinytheYounger
PlotinusPlutarchPolybiusProcopiusPropertiusPtolemy
QuintusCurtiusRufusQuintusSmyrnaeus
SallustSappho
SenecatheYoungerSeptuagintSidoniusSophoclesStatiusStrabo
SuetoniusTacitusTerenceTheocritusThucydidesTibullusVirgil
Xenophon
![Page 274: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/274.jpg)
DelphiPoetsSeries
A.E.HousmanAlexanderPope
Alfred,LordTennysonAlgernonCharlesSwinburne
AndrewMarvellBeowulf
CharlotteSmithChristinaRossetti
D.HLawrence(poetry)DanteAlighieri(English)DanteGabrielRossettiDelphiPoetryAnthologyEdgarAllanPoe(poetry)
EdmundSpenserEdwardLear
EdwardThomasEdwinArlingtonRobinson
EllaWheelerWilcoxElizabethBarrettBrowning
EmilyDickinsonEzraPound
FriedrichSchiller(English)GeorgeChapmanGeorgeHerbert
GerardManleyHopkinsGertrudeStein
HafezHeinrichHeine
HenryHoward,EarlofSurreyHenryWadsworthLongfellow
IsaacRosenbergJamesRussellLowellJohanLudvigRuneberg
JohnClareJohnDonneJohnDrydenJohnKeatsJohnMilton
JohnWilmot,EarlofRochesterJosephAddisonLeighHuntLordByron
LudovicoAriostoLuísdeCamõesMatthewArnoldMatthewPriorMichaelDrayton
![Page 275: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/275.jpg)
NikolaiNekrasovPercyByssheShelley
PetrarchRalphWaldoEmersonRobertBrowningRobertBurnsRobertFrost
RobertSoutheyRumi
RupertBrookeSamuelTaylorColeridge
SirPhilipSidneySirThomasWyattSirWalterRaleighThomasChattertonThomasGray
ThomasHardy(poetry)ThomasHoodThomasMooreTorquatoTassoT.S.EliotW.B.Yeats
WalterSavageLandorWaltWhitmanWilfredOwenWilliamBlakeWilliamCowper
WilliamWordsworthMastersofArt
AlbrechtDürerAmedeoModiglianiArtemisiaGentileschiCamillePissarro
CanalettoCaravaggio
CasparDavidFriedrichClaudeLorrainClaudeMonet
DanteGabrielRossettiDiegoVelázquezEdgarDegas
![Page 276: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/276.jpg)
ÉdouardManetEdvardMunch
EugèneDelacroixFranciscoGoya
GiottoGiovanniBelliniGustaveCourbetGustavKlimtJ.M.W.TurnerJohannesVermeerJohnConstable
LeonardodaVinciMichelangeloPaulCézannePaulGauguinPaulKlee
PeterPaulRubensPierodellaFrancescaPierre-AugusteRenoirPieterBruegeltheElder
SandroBotticelliRaphael
RembrandtvanRijnThomasGainsborough
TintorettoTitian
VincentvanGoghWassilyKandinsky
![Page 277: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/277.jpg)
AlphabeticalListofTitles
A.E.HousmanAchillesTatiusAdamSmithAeschylus
AlbrechtDürerAlexanderPope
AlexanderPushkinAlexandreDumas(English)Alfred,LordTennysonAlgernonBlackwood
AlgernonCharlesSwinburneAmbroseBierceAmedeoModigliani
AmmianusMarcellinusAnatoleFranceAndrewLangAndrewMarvellAnnRadcliffe
AnnaKatharineGreenAnthonyHopeAnthonyTrollopeAntonChekhovAphraBehnApollodorus
ApolloniusofRhodesAppianApuleius
AristophanesAristotle
ArnoldBennettArrian
ArtemisiaGentileschiArthurMachenArthurMorrison
ArthurSchopenhauerAugustine
AulusGelliusBaronessEmmaOrczy
BeatrixPotterBeaumontandFletcherBede
BenJonsonBenjaminDisraeli
Beowulf
![Page 278: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/278.jpg)
BramStokerBretHarteC.S.Lewis
CamillePissarroCanaletto
CaptainFrederickMarryatCaptainMayneReidCaravaggio
CasparDavidFriedrichCassiusDioCato
CatullusCharlesandMaryLambCharlesDarwin
CharlesDickensCharlesKingsleyCharlesLeverCharlesReade
CharlotteM.YongeCharlottePerkinsGilmanCharlotteSmith
ChristinaRossettiChristopherMarlowe
CiceroClaudeLorrainClaudeMonet
ClementofAlexandriaConfuciusCorneliusNepos
D.HLawrence(poetry)D.H.LawrenceDanielDefoe
DanteAlighieri(English)DanteGabrielRossettiDanteGabrielRossettiDavidHumeDelphiPoetryAnthologyDemosthenesDickensianaVolumeIDiegoVelázquez
DiodorusSiculusDiogenesLaërtiusE.F.BensonE.M.DelafieldE.M.ForsterE.Nesbit
E.PhillipsOppenheimE.W.HornungEdgarAllanPoe
EdgarAllanPoe(poetry)EdgarDegasEdgarRiceBurroughsEdgarWallace
EdithWhartonEdmundBurkeEdmundSpenserÉdouardManetEdvardMunch
EdwardBulwer-LyttonEdwardGibbonEdwardLear
![Page 279: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/279.jpg)
EdwardThomasEdwinArlingtonRobinsonElizabethBarrettBrowningElizabethGaskell
ElizabethvonArnimEllaWheelerWilcox
EllenWoodÉmileZola
EmilyDickinsonErnestBramah
ErnestHemingwayEugèneDelacroix
EuripidesEzraPound
F.ScottFitzgeraldFordMadoxFordFrancesBurney
FrancesHodgsonBurnettFrancesTrollopeFrancisBaconFranciscoGoyaFrankNorris
FrankR.StocktonFriedrichNietzsche
FriedrichSchiller(English)FrontiusFyodorDostoyevsky
G.A.HentyG.K.ChestertonGalileoGalilei
GeoffreyChaucerGeorgeBernardShawGeorgeChapmanGeorgeEliotGeorgeGissingGeorgeHerbert
GeorgeMacDonaldGeorgeMeredithGeorgeOrwell
GerardManleyHopkinsGertrudeSteinGilbertandSullivanGiotto
GiovanniBelliniGrantAllenGustavKlimt
GustaveCourbetGustaveFlaubert(English)GuyBoothby
GuydeMaupassantH.G.Wells
H.P.LovecraftH.RiderHaggard
HafezHallCaine
![Page 280: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/280.jpg)
HansChristianAndersenHarrietBeecherStoweHeinrichHeineHenrikIbsen
HenryDavidThoreauHenryFielding
HenryHoward,EarlofSurreyHenryJamesHenryWadsworthLongfellowHenrykSienkiewicz
HermanMelvilleHerodotusHesiod
HilaireBellocHippocratesHomer
HonorédeBalzac(English)HoraceHoraceWalpoleHughWalpoleIanFleming
ImmanuelKantIsaacRosenberg
IsocratesIvanTurgenevJ.M.Barrie
J.M.W.TurnerJ.W.vonGoethe(English)JackLondonJamesFenimoreCooperJamesJoyceJamesRussellLowellJaneAusten
Jean-JacquesRousseauJeromeK.JeromeJohanLudvigRunebergJohannesVermeer
JohnBuchanJohnBunyanJohnClare
JohnConstableJohnDonneJohnDryden
JohnGalsworthyJohnKeatsJohnLockeJohnMiltonJohnMuirJohnRuskinJohnWebster
JohnWilmot,EarlofRochesterJonathanSwiftJosephAddisonJosephAddisonJosephConrad
JosephusJulesVerneJuliusCaesar
![Page 281: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/281.jpg)
JuvenalKarlMarxKateChopin
KatherineMansfieldKennethGrahameL.FrankBaum
L.M.MontgomeryLafcadioHearnLaurenceSterneLeighHuntLeoTolstoy
LeonardodaVinciLewisCarroll
LivyLongus
LordByronLordDunsany
LouisaMayAlcottLucanLucianLucretius
LudovicoAriostoLuísdeCamõesLyttonStracheyM.E.BraddonM.R.James
MarcelProust(English)MarcusAureliusMargaretOliphantMariaEdgeworthMarieCorelliMarkTwainMartial
MaryShelleyMaryWollstonecraftMatthewArnoldMatthewPriorMaximGorkyMichaelDrayton
MicheldeMontaigneMichelangelo
MigueldeCervantesNathanielHawthorneNiccolòMachiavelli
NikolaiGogolNikolaiNekrasov
NonnusO.Henry
OliverGoldsmithOneThousandandOneNightsOscarWilde
![Page 282: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/282.jpg)
OuidaOvid
PaulCézannePaulGauguinPaulKleePausanias
PercyByssheShelleyPeterPaulRubensPetrarchPetronius
PierodellaFrancescaPierre-AugusteRenoirPieterBruegeltheElderPindarPlatoPlautus
PlinytheElderPlinytheYounger
PlotinusPlutarchPolybiusProcopiusPropertiusPtolemy
QuintusCurtiusRufusQuintusSmyrnaeusR.AustinFreemanR.M.BallantyneRadclyffeHallRafaelSabatini
RalphWaldoEmersonRaphael
RembrandtvanRijnRenéDescartes
RichardBrinsleySheridanRichardMarshRobertBrowningRobertBurns
RobertE.HowardRobertFrost
RobertLouisStevensonRobertSoutheyRobertW.ChambersRudyardKipling
RumiRupertBrooke
SakiSallust
SamuelButlerSamuelJohnsonSamuelPepys
SamuelRichardsonSamuelTaylorColeridgeSandroBotticelli
SapphoSaxRohmer
![Page 283: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/283.jpg)
SenecatheYoungerSeptuagint
SheridanLeFanuSidonius
SigmundFreudSirArthurConanDoyleSirIssacNewton
SirPhilipSidneySirRichardBurtonSirThomasMalorySirThomasWyattSirWalterRaleighSirWalterScott
SophoclesStanleyJ.Weyman
StatiusStendhal
StephenCraneStrabo
SuetoniusT.S.EliotTacitus
TalbotMundyTerence
TheBrontësTheBrothersGrimm
TheocritusTheodoreDreiser
ThomasBabingtonMacaulayThomasCarlyleThomasChattertonThomasDeQuinceyThomasGainsborough
ThomasGrayThomasHardy
ThomasHardy(poetry)ThomasHoodThomasMiddletonThomasMooreThucydidesTibullusTintorettoTitian
TobiasSmollettTorquatoTassoVictorHugo
VincentvanGoghVirgil
VirginiaWoolfVoltaire
W.B.YeatsW.SomersetMaugham
![Page 284: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/284.jpg)
W.W.JacobsWaltWhitmanWalterPater
WalterSavageLandorWashingtonIrvingWassilyKandinskyWilfredOwenWilkieCollinsWilliamBlakeWilliamCowper
WilliamDeanHowellsWilliamHarrisonAinsworthWilliamHazlittWilliamHopeHodgsonWilliamMakepeaceThackerayWilliamMorris
WilliamShakespeareWilliamWordsworth
XenophonZaneGrey
www.delphiclassics.com
Isthereanauthororartistyouwouldliketoseeinaseries?Contactusatsales@delphiclassics.com(orviathesocialnetworklinksbelow)andletusknow!
Bethefirsttolearnofnewreleasesandspecialoffers:LikeusonFacebook:https://www.facebook.com/delphiebooks
FollowourTweets:https://twitter.com/delphiclassics
ExploreourexcitingboardsatPinterest:https://www.pinterest.com/delphiclassics/
![Page 285: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/285.jpg)
![Page 286: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/286.jpg)
Notre-DamedelaChapelle,Brussels—Bruegel’sfinalrestingplace
![Page 287: Delphi Complete Works of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Illustrated)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062510/613c140722e01a42d40e8080/html5/thumbnails/287.jpg)
ThememorialtoBruegelinNotre-DamedelaChapelle