DellCert - Desktop Training.pdf

7/28/2019 DellCert - Desktop Training.pdf

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DellTrainingforDesktopSystems

ContentsIntroduction.................................................................................................................................................. 5

SafetyGuidelines...................................................................................................................................... 5

Directions.................................................................................................................................................. 5

IntroductiontoTroubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 6

Objectives.................................................................................................................................................. 6

WhatIsaServiceTag?.............................................................................................................................. 6

WhereIstheServiceTagLocated?........................................................................................................... 6

WhatIstheUseofaServiceTag?............................................................................................................. 7

WhatIsanAssetTag?............................................................................................................................... 7

HowtoRuntheAssetTagUtility.............................................................................................................. 7

SerialNumbersforOtherComponents.................................................................................................... 8

BIOSOverview............................................................................................................................................... 9

Objective................................................................................................................................................... 9

WhatIstheBIOS?................................................................................................................................... 10

WhereIs

the

BIOS

Stored?

......................................................................................................................

10

TypesofBIOS.......................................................................................................................................... 10

EnteringtheBIOS.................................................................................................................................... 11

SystemSetupUtility................................................................................................................................ 11

AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface........................................................................................ 12

SleepStates............................................................................................................................................. 12

BIOSLevelSecurityforDesktops............................................................................................................ 14

TypesofPasswords................................................................................................................................. 14

BIOSSecurityInformation....................................................................................................................... 14

DiagnosticTools.......................................................................................................................................... 15

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 15

WhereCantheDellDiagnosticsBeSourcedfrom?................................................................................ 15

DiagnosticProcess.................................................................................................................................. 16


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TheDiagnosticProcess....................................................................................................................... 16

HowtoRuntheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheResourceCD.................................................................. 16

WhatAretheUsesoftheResourceCD?................................................................................................ 17

RunningtheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheSystemPartition.................................................................. 17

WhatFeaturesAreAvailableintheNewDiagnosticGUI?..................................................................... 17

WhatDotheNewGUIDiagnosticToolsContain?.................................................................................. 18

WhatIstheDellCrashAnalysisTool?..................................................................................................... 18

DellOptiPlexDesktop,PrecisionWorkstation,andVostroDesktopChassisAwareness........................... 19

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 19

TheDellDesktopChassisTypes.............................................................................................................. 19

IdentifyingtheDellChassis..................................................................................................................... 19

WhatAre

the

Features

of

the

Dell

Chassis?............................................................................................

20

OpeningtheDellChassis......................................................................................................................... 20

HowtoOpenanUltraSmallFormFactorChassis.................................................................................. 21

OpeningtheVostroChassis.................................................................................................................... 21

TheDiagnosticFeatureSet......................................................................................................................... 21

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 21

DiagnosticFeatureSet............................................................................................................................ 22

DiagnosticLEDs....................................................................................................................................... 22

DiagnosticLEDQuadPack...................................................................................................................... 22

BeepCodes............................................................................................................................................. 23

VostroBeepCodesandErrorMessages................................................................................................. 23

TheBootProcessExplained........................................................................................................................ 24

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 24

WhatAretheStagesoftheBootProcess?............................................................................................. 25

PowerButtonLEDStates........................................................................................................................ 26

WhatIs

the

Diagnostic

Quad

Pack?

........................................................................................................

27

DiagnosticLEDPatterns.......................................................................................................................... 27

SleepStatesandtheBootProcess.......................................................................................................... 28

BeepCodesandErrorMessages............................................................................................................. 28

FaultIdentification...................................................................................................................................... 29

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 29


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TroubleshootingbyIdentifyingFaults.................................................................................................... 29

HowtoIdentifytheNoPowerFault....................................................................................................... 30

HowtoIdentifythePOSTStageFailure.................................................................................................. 30

HowtoIdentifytheBootStageFailure................................................................................................... 31

TroubleshootingPower............................................................................................................................... 31

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 31

LEDStatesandCauses............................................................................................................................ 32

TroubleshootingtheEnvironmentRelatedPowerFaults...................................................................... 32

TroubleshootingPoweroutsidetheChassis........................................................................................... 33

TroubleshootingPowerinsidetheChassis............................................................................................. 33

CheckingInternalComponents............................................................................................................... 34

TroubleshootingSleep

States:

Not

Entering

Sleep

State

........................................................................

34

NotWakingUpfromSleepState............................................................................................................ 35

TroubleshootingPrePOST.......................................................................................................................... 35

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 35

CausesofPrePostFailure...................................................................................................................... 35

IdentifyingaPrePOSTFailure................................................................................................................ 36

PrePOSTComponents............................................................................................................................ 36

Step1:CheckingtheObvious................................................................................................................. 37

Step2:CheckingInternalDrives,CablesandConnectionPoints........................................................... 37

Step3:SwappingComponents............................................................................................................... 37

TroubleshootingPOST................................................................................................................................ 38

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 38

CauseforPOSTFailure............................................................................................................................ 38

TheLEDQuadPack,TextbasedPOSTCodes,andBeepCodes............................................................. 39

WhatDoLEDsandBeepCodesIndicate?............................................................................................... 39

Howto

Identify

Causes

of

No

POST

Failures

...........................................................................................

40

Step1:RemovingComponents............................................................................................................... 40

Step2:CheckingthePowerSource,thePSU,andItsConnectingLeads............................................... 41

Step3:ReseatingandSubstitutingComponents.................................................................................... 41

Step4:RemovingInstalledMemoryModules........................................................................................ 42

TroubleshootingSystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization......................................................... 42


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Objective................................................................................................................................................. 42

SystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization................................................................................ 42

The1234Code........................................................................................................................................ 43

The123Code:......................................................................................................................................... 43

Troubleshootingthe123Code............................................................................................................... 44

TroubleshootingDisplayIssues................................................................................................................... 44

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 44

IdentifyingtheDisplayType.................................................................................................................... 44

DisplayTroubleshootingProcedure........................................................................................................ 45

TroubleshootingCRTs............................................................................................................................. 45

RunningtheCRTSelfTest....................................................................................................................... 45

Settings....................................................................................................................................................45

CRTConnections..................................................................................................................................... 46

TroubleshootingLCDs............................................................................................................................. 46

RunningtheLCDSelfTest....................................................................................................................... 47

Settings.................................................................................................................................................... 47

LCDConnections..................................................................................................................................... 48


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Introduction

SafetyGuidelines

Youmust

take

precautions

to

prevent

electrostatic

discharge

(ESD).

StaticElectricityAchargestoredinanybody. ElectrostaticDischargeAsuddentransferofelectrostaticchargebetweenbodiesatdifferent

electrostaticpotentialusuallyasasparkasthebodiesapproachoneanother.

ESDisamajorconcernwhenhandlingcomponents,especiallyexpansioncardsandsystemboards.Very

slightchargescandamagecircuits.DamagefromESDcanoccurimmediatelyoritmaynotbecome

apparentforsometime.ESDmayalsoresultinintermittentproblemsorashortenedproductlifespan.

YoucanminimizethechancesofadischargebywearingthewristgroundingstrapthatcomesintheESD

kitand

taking

several

precautions:

WhilethesystemispluggedintotheEarthcircuitviathepowersocket,attachthewristgroundingtoyourwristandcliptheotherendtoagroundobject.Ifawristgroundingstrapisnotavailable,

youcandischargethestaticelectricityinyourbodybytouchinganunpaintedmetalsurface,suchas

thesystemchassis.

Unplugthemachine.Staticsensitivecomponentsarrivewrappedinantistaticpackingmaterial.Dothefollowingwhen

handlingstaticsensitivecomponents:

UseanESDwristgroundingstrap. Handleallsensitivecomponentsinastaticsafearea. Ifpossible,useantistaticfloormatsandworkbenchpads. Whenunpackingastaticsensitivecomponent,donotremovethecomponentfromtheantistatic

packingmaterialuntilyouarereadytoinstallthecomponentsintoyoursystem.

Directions

Thiscourseshouldtake1 2hourstocomplete(excludingtheassessment). Foradditionaltechnicalinformation,youcanrefertosupport.dell.com.


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IntroductiontoTroubleshooting

Objectives

Thismodule

helps

improve

your

familiarity

with

Dell

online

support

resources

and

enhances

your

ability

tonavigatethem.ThemodulehasabriefdiscussionontheBIOSandBIOSlevelsecurityfeatures,

includingDellspolicytowardsmanagingBIOSpasswordissues.Italsointroducesseveralsoftware

diagnostictoolsthatcanhelpdiagnosehardwareandsoftwarerelatedissues.

WhatIsaServiceTag?

Aservicetagis:

The

name

given

to

the

serial

number

of

a

Dell

system,

printer,projectororPDA.

AsevendigitalphanumericstringdefinedatDell. DisplayedintheBIOSandonastickerplacedonthe

outsideofthechassis.

SetbyDellbeforethesystemleavesthefactory.NOTE:Whenreplacingasystemboard,besuretoupdate

theservicetaginformationintheBIOStomatchtheservicetagonthechassis.Itisalsoagoodpractice

toflashtheBIOStothemostrecentversionatthistime.

WhereIstheServiceTagLocated?

Aservicetagcanbephysicallylocated:

Onthetopofthechassistowardsthefront. Onthebottomofthechassistowardstheback. Underthefrontpanelofolderchassis.


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WhatIstheUseofaServiceTag?

Aservicetagisused:

Asasystemidentifier.

For

speedy

system

identification

when

browsing

the

support

site.

Toidentifythesystemrequiringwarrantyservice.Itmustbeprovidedforanyhardwaredispatches.

NOTE:ThefailuretomaintainaconsistentservicetagbothintheBIOSandon

thechassisstickercouldpotentiallycauseconfusionwhenplacingwarrantycalls,

overwritingmasterpasswords,orcontrollingyourinstallbase.Itistherefore

recommendedthatyouensuretheoriginaltagnumberismaintained

throughoutthelifeofthesystem.Alwaysremembertoupdatetheservicetagin

theBIOS.

WhatIsanAssetTag?

Anassettag:

Isacustomerspecified10digitnumberforthesystem(itisoptional). Canbeusedtofacilitatecompanysecurityandcontrolpoliciesorforauditingpurposes. IsstoredintheBIOS.Theassettagisanumberupto10characterslongthatcanbeenteredintotheBIOSusingtheassettag

utility.This

utility:

IsavailablealongwithsoftwaresupportutilitiesintheresourceCD. CanbedownloadedfromtheDellsupportsiteftp.dell.com/utility/.Thefileiscalledasseta00.exe.

HowtoRuntheAssetTagUtility

1. Savethefileasseta00.exefromthesupportsiteorResourceCDontoyourharddisk.

2. Insertafloppydiskintothefloppydrive.3. Openthefilefromthesavedlocation.This

actionwillextractthefileontothefloppy

disk.

4. Bootthesystembyusingthefloppydisk.5. Typeasset.xxxxxxxxontheApromptwherexxxxxxxxisyourchosenassettag.


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6. Typeasset/sxxxxxxxxwherexxxxxxxistheservicetagontheAprompt.Thiswillhelpyouchangetheservicetag(onlyifrequired).

YoucanalsoruntheAssetTagutilityorflashtheBIOSusingaUSBmemorykey.

SerialNumbersforOtherComponents

Serialnumbers(20digitPPID(piecepartidentificationnumber)arerequiredtoadvanceaservice

requestorwhilereplacingthefollowingcomponents:

CRTmonitors

Flatpanels

Batteries


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ACadapters

Speakers

Dockingstations

WhencontactingDelltoreplaceCRTs,flatpaneldisplays,batteries,ACadapters,speakers,anddocking

stations,youmustprovidethePPID.FailuretologthePPIDtoolmaypreventtheservicerequestfrom

beingcompleted.

BIOSOverview

Objective

UponcompletionofthistopicyouwilllearntoidentifythefeaturesoftheBIOS.


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WhatIstheBIOS?

BIOSstandsforBasicInputOutputSystemandisessentiallyalowlevelsoftwareprogramhardcodedintoanonboardCMOS(complementaryoxidesemiconductor)chip.

TheBIOScodefacilitatesthetestingandinitializationofhardware,primarilythekeyboard,monitor,disk

drives,

communication

ports,

memory,

chipset

and

processor,

all

of

which

are

required

to

boot

thesystem.

TheBIOSalsoprovidesauserinterfaceintheBIOSsetupprogramthatisparticularlyusefulfortroubleshooting.Forexample,youcanenterthesystemsetuptocheckwhetherdevicesareenabled

ordisabled,whetherdrivesaredetectedornot,andtweaksettingstoenhanceortailorthe

systemspowermanagement,processor,orvideoperformance.Notethattheuserinterfaceforthe

BIOSisspecifictothesystemtypeandBIOSforthemachine.

WhereIstheBIOSStored?

TheBIOSistypicallystoredinPROM(ProgrammableReadOnlyMemory),whichisembeddedintoaCMOS

chipinthesystem,anditisoftencalledPROMBIOS.

BecausePROMisavolatile,asmallbatterysuppliescontinuouspowertotheCMOSchip,ensuringthat

theBIOSisalwaysavailableandcannotbedamaged

bypowerordiskfailures.Whenthebatteryisnearing

theendofitslife,youmaynoticethattheBIOS

settingsreverttotheDelldefaultswhenthesystemis

powereddown.

Date

and

time

reversions

are

usually

mostevident.

PROMBIOScontainsthecodethatallowsasystemtoboot.NOTE:ManycomputermanufacturersdesignsystemssothattheBIOSiscopiedfromROMtoRAMeach

timethesystemisbooted.ThisisknownasShadowBIOSROM,ShadowMemory,andShadowRAM.Theobjectiveistoallowthesystemtoaccessthatinformationquickly.

TypesofBIOS

MostmodernPCshaveaflashBIOS.

AflashBIOSisaBIOSthatcanbeerasedandrewritten,typicallythroughthecombinationofanelectricalprocessandaprogram.

AflashBIOSthatcanhandlePlugandPlay(PnP)devicesisalsoknownasaPnPBIOS.


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Ifanupdateisrequired,theBIOScanbeerasedandrewrittenusinganelectricalprocess.Hence,the

technologyiscalledEEPROMorElectricallyErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory.Theprocedure

involvediscalledflashingtheBIOS.

IngeneralmostPCshaveafairlystandardizedBIOS,althoughthemethodusedtoflashthem,ifpossible,

canbe

specific

to

the

computer

vendor.

NOTE:YoushouldmaintainupdatedBIOS,thelatestversionofwhichcanbefoundontheonline

supportsite.

Typicallytheprocessinvolvesthefollowingsteps.

1. Downloadthefiletoyourchosenlocation.2. Doubleclickonthefiletoexecuteit.Thisactionwilleitherpromptyouforafloppydiskorinitiate

theflashprocess.Ifitdoesnotpromptyouforafloppydisk,thedownloadedfilewillselfextract

ontothefloppydisk,makingitbootable.

3. Bootthemachinewiththefloppydiskinplace,alteringthebootsequencethroughtheonetimebootmenu,ifrequired,andcompletetheintuitiveprocess.

EnteringtheBIOS

ToentertheBIOSsetup,youcanperformanyoneofthefollowingsteps:

Pressthekeywhenpromptedatstartup. Pressthekeyatstartuptoaccesstheonetimebootmenu.WARNING:Changingadvancedparameterscanleadtosysteminstabilityanddataloss.Itishighly

recommendedthatyoubackupyourharddrivecontentsbeforemakinganychanges,andthatyou

proceedwithcaution,makingeveryreasonableefforttofullyunderstandtheimplicationsofthe

settingsyoumightbechanging.Fulldetailscanbefoundintheonlineandsystemspecificmanual.

SystemSetupUtility

TheBIOSincludesauserinterface,oftencalledtheSystem

Setup

Utility

(SSU).

This

utility

enables

you

to

access

the

user

modifiablefeaturesoftheBIOS.Thesefeaturesinclude:

Bootdeviceorder Peripheralinformationandsettings POSTbehavior Powermanagement


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SecuritysettingsNOTE:ThefeaturesaccessiblethroughtheSSUvarybysystem,asdoesthenavigationoftheSSU.Refer

totheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystemforspecificinformation.

AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface

AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface(ACPI)isanindustrystandardforrecognizinghardware,

configuringdevices,andmanagingpower.

PowermanagementisthemostvisibleaspectofACPI.

ACPImovescontrolofpowermanagementfromtheBIOStotheoperatingsystem.ThisabilitycanbeenabledordisabledintheSystemSetupUtility.

ACPIenablestheoperatingsystemtosuspendoperationandenterstandbyorhibernation.Formoreinformationaboutthesestates,seeSleepStates.

Fortheoperatingsystemtocontrolpowermanagement,thefollowingcomponentsmustallbeACPI

capable:

Operatingsystem Powersupply Processor Systemboard

SleepStates

Insleeporstandbystate,thesystemturnsofftheinternalcomponentstoreducepowerconsumption.

Therearefivesleepstateindicators:

TheS0sleepindicatorGlobalStates Workingstate(G1) SystemisinanS0

ACPIstate.SleepStates Systemison

CPUStates Workingstate(C0)

DeviceStates Workingstate(D0)

TheS1sleepindicatorGlobalStates Sleepingstate(G1) SystemisinanS0

ACPIstate.SleepStates Systemison

CPUStates Workingstate(C0)

DeviceStates Workingstate(D0)


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TheS3sleepindicatorGlobalStates Sleepingstate(G1) SystemisinanS1

orS3StandbyACPI

state.

SleepStates SuspendtoRAM Contentsaved

toRAM

Alsoknownasstandby Powerbutton

displaysa

blinkinggreen

LED

CPUStates Nopower

DeviceStates Nopowerexceptfor

wakeuplogic(D3)

TheS4sleepindicatorGlobalStates Sleepingstate(G1) SystemisinanS5,

S4,orG3ACPI

state.

SleepStates Suspendtodisk Contentsaved

todisk

Alsoknownashibernate

PowerbuttondisplaysoffLED

CPUStates Nopower

DeviceStates Nopowerexceptfor

wakeup

logic

(D3)

TheS5sleepindicatorGlobalStates Systemstillreceiving

thefleapower(G5)

SystemisinanS5,

S4orG3ACPI

state.SleepStates Softoff Contentnot

saved

Coolbootrequired

CPUStates Nopower

DeviceStates

No

power

except

for

wakeuplogic(D3)


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BIOSLevelSecurityforDesktops

AusercansettwotypesofmasterpasswordsintheBIOSofaDelldesktop:

System

Administrator

CAUTION:Ifyouleaveyoursystemrunningandunattendedwithouthavingasystempassword

assigned,orifyouleaveyoursystemunlockedsothatsomeonecandisablethepasswordbychanginga

jumpersetting,anyonecanaccessthedatastoredonyourharddrive.

TypesofPasswords

Systempassword:Preventsauserfrombooting

toanymedia.Apasswordpromptappearsas

soonasthesystemisswitchedon.

Administratorpassword:Allowsausertoboot

totheoperatingsystemandusethemachine,butpreventsthemfrommakinganychangesintheBIOS.

BIOSSecurityInformation

BIOSpasswordsondesktopsystemscanbeenabledordisabledwithajumperonthesystemboard.

RefertoyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualforthespecificprocedureforclearingpasswords.Atypicalprocedureis:

Turnoffthesystemanddisconnectthepowercablefromtheelectricaloutlet. Removethesystemcover. Locatethe2pinpasswordjumper(PSWD)onthesystemboardandremoveittoclearthe

password.

Closethecover. Connectthesystemandmonitortoelectricaloutletsandturnthemon. AftertheMicrosoftWindowsdesktopappearsonthescreen,shutitdown. Turnoffthemonitoranddisconnectitfromtheelectricaloutlet. Disconnectthepowercablefromtheelectricaloutlet,andthenpressthepowerbuttontoground

thesystemboard.


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Openthecover. Locatethe2pinpasswordjumperonthesystemboardandattachittoreenablethepassword

feature.

Closethecover. Connectthesystemanddevicestoelectricaloutletsandturnthemon. Assignanewsystemand/orAdministratorpassword.NOTE:AsupportrequesttooverridetheBIOSpasswordcannotbemadethroughtheonlinelogging

tool.Wewouldadviseyoutocalloremailyourrepresentativewiththerelevantproofofownership

information.

Proofofownershipconsistsofafaxedormailedletterheadalongwiththerequest.

DiagnosticTools

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopicyouwillbeabletoidentifyandemploytheapplicablesoftwarediagnostic

tool,includingtherelevantoptions,forbothspecificandgeneralfailureevents.

WhereCantheDellDiagnosticsBeSourcedfrom?

NewDellplatformreleasesareaccompaniedbyaGraphicUserInterface(GUI)diagnosticapplication,

whereasolder

system

would

ship

with

the

DOS

based

equivalent.

The

diagnostic

application

can

test

all

majorhardwarecomponentsandtheirfunctions.Thesoftwareisavailablefromthefollowingthree

resources:

TheDellResourceCDthatcomeswithallplatforms. TheDellsupportwebsiteatsupport.dell.com. Thesystempartition,a32MBpartition,placedonyourharddriveduringthemanufacturing

process.

NOTE:Youcanaccessthe32MBsystempartitionbyusingtheonetimebootmenu.Forthis,press

during

the

power

on

phase

to

activate

the

one

time

boot

menu

and

then

follow

the

prompts

that

appearonthescreen.However,whensystemsareimaged,thepartitionisoverwrittenandwillnotbe

present.


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DiagnosticProcess

Youcanaccessthediagnosticapplicationbybootingtothe

resourceCDandmakingtheappropriateselectionsfromthe

displayedmenu.

TheDiagnosticProcess

1. TheDelllogoappearsonthescreenfollowedbyamessageinformingyouthattheapplicationisbeingloaded.

2. AprogramteststheRAMthatwillbeusedbythediagnostictoolsbeforeitisloadedintothememory.

3. TheresourceCDcheckstheBIOSforversionandsetupinformation.4. Thediagnosticapplicationthenscansthehardwarepresent,whichitusestoensurethatthe

applicationtestsavalidconfiguration.

NOTE:The32bitDiagnosticsserveasausefultoolwhenattemptingeithertotestaspecificcomponent,

orto

perform

amore

general

system

health

inspection.

Error

messages

received

can

help

pinpoint

componentfailures,whetherthereisanabsolutefailureorthedeviceisoperatingoutsideofnormal

parameters.Ingeneral,ifauserisexperiencingintermittentorstrangeerrors,systemfreezesor

questionableresponsetimes(vagueconditions),itisadvisabletorunthediagnostics.Ifthediagnostics

passwithnoreportederrors,youcanshiftthetroubleshootingeffortstowardsthesoftware

environment.Thesoftwarediagnosticsshouldalwaysbeusedasanindicatoronly.Theycannotbeused

asasubstitutefordirecthardwaretesting.Itisimperativethatallerrorcodeinformationreportedby

the32bitDiagnosticsbeincludedintheonlineservicerequesttoDell.

HowtoRuntheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheResourceCD

1. BootthesystemwiththeResourceCDinsertedintothedrive.2. Presswhenpromptedduringstartup.Thisdisplaystheonetimebootmenu.3. Topreparethesystemtorunthediagnostics,selecttheBootfromCDROMoptionfromtheStartup

menubypressing2.

4. Tobeginsystemdiagnostics,selecttheRunthe32BitDellDiagnosticsoptionfromtheChoiceActionsmenubypressing1.


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WhatAretheUsesoftheResourceCD?

TheResourceCD: Canbeusedtoinstalldrivers,diskutilitiesand

applications(diagnosticorperformancebased).

Willautorunwhenplacedintothedrive,whileintheoperatingsystem.

Canhelpinidentifyingthevariouschipspresentonyoursystemalongwiththeirmanufacturerandtype.

Canbeusedtorunthe32bitDiagnostics.NOTE:TheinformationontheResourceCDmaybeoutdated,soitisrecommendedthatyoufrequentlycheckthesupportsitesDriversandDownloads

pageforthemostuptodatedriversandutilitiesorboth.

RunningtheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheSystemPartition

AllfactoryshippedDellsystemsinclude,aspartofthedefaultspecification,the32bitSystem

Diagnostics,hiddenonautilitypartition.Performthefollowingstepstorunthediagnostics:

Pressthesequenceorwhilethesystembootsintoaccessthediagnostictool.

Thetoolloadstheappropriatemodules,andthestandardDellDiagnosticsmainmenuappears. Whenyouchoosetoexitthediagnostictool,thesystemwillrebootaccordingtothenormalboot

sequenceandreturntotheinstalledoperatingsystem,ifapplicable.

NOTE:Drivessentforservicereplacementwillbeunformatted.Asaresult,theutilitypartitionwillnot

beincluded.Thecapabilitytorunthe32bitDiagnosticswillalsobeabsent.Keystrokespressedwhile

thesystemisbootingwillbeignoredonthesedrives.

WhatFeaturesAreAvailableintheNewDiagnosticGUI?

WiththenewdiagnosticGUIutilityprogramyoucan:

Performexpress,extended,orcustomtestsononeoralldevices.

Selecttestsbasedontheproblemthatyoursystemreports.

Choosethenumberoftimesatestistoberun. Displaytestresults.


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Suspendtestingifanerrorisdetected. Terminatetestingifthenumberoferrorsexceedsapredefinednumber. Accesstheonlinehelpthatdescribesthetestsanddevices. Receivestatusmessagesthatindicatewhethertestshavecompletedsuccessfully. Receiveerrormessagesifproblemsaredetected.

WhatDotheNewGUIDiagnosticToolsContain?

Youareprovidedwiththefollowingfourchoiceswhenyourunthefirstscreenofthenewdiagnostic

utility:

Expresstest:o Runsaquicktestonallcomponentsinthesystem.o Findsobviousfaults.o Hasanapproximateruntimeof30minutes.

Extendedtest:o Runsindepthtestsonallcomponentsinthesystem.o Testscomponentsattheextremesoftheirparameters

Customtest:o Runsindepthtestsontheindividualcomponentsthatyouselect.o Helpstotailorthetestsyourun.Usethisoptionwhenyoureceiveerrorcodeinformation

highlightingapotentiallyfaultypartoryouhaveasuspicionbasedonthesystemsbehavior

thatyouwanttovalidate.

Symptomtree:o Isusefulifyouarenotsurewhichcomponentissuspectedtobefailingbutknowthe

symptomthatitisproducing.

o Testsallhardwarecomponentsthatcancauseaparticularsymptom.

WhatIstheDellCrashAnalysisTool?

DellCrashAnalysisTool:

Canidentifydriverandsoftwareproblemson

Dell

systems.

Canbeusedifacustomergetsbluescreenerrors,lockupsintheoperatingsystem,or

randomreboots.

Listspotentialdevicedriversthatcouldbetherootcauseoftheissueexperienced.

Canbedownloadedfrom


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http://ftp.us.dell.com/app/r107879.exe.

Canbeinstalledandrunonanysystem,oncedownloaded. Includesaviewer.NOTE:IftheDellCrashAnalysisTooldiscoversafaultwithanyofthedevicedrivers,itcansavea

potentialoperating

system

reinstall.

Thekeyprincipleuponwhichthetoolisbasedisthatdriverrelatedissuesneedtobeaddressedahead

ofunnecessaryhardwaredispatches.Inessence,ifaharddrivewasdispatchedforasoftwarerelated

issue,itwouldresolvetheproblem,atleastfortheimmediatefuture.However,chancesarethatthe

problemwouldreappearinthenearfutureifarogueormaliciousdriverisarequirementforessential

systemfunctionality.Considertheriskthatafuturefailurecouldprovemorecostly.

DellOptiPlexDesktop,PrecisionWorkstation,andVostroDesktopChassis

Awareness

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifyandappreciatethediagnosticrelevanceof

OptiPlexdesktop,Precisionworkstation,andVostrodesktopchassisfeatures.

TheDellDesktopChassisTypes

Thefollowingtabledescribeschassisavailabilitybyproductline.

ChassisType

Old

OptiPlex

Desktop

NewOptiPlex

Desktop

Precision

Workstation

VostroDesktop

Tower 9

Minitower 9 9 9 9

Slimtower 9

Desktop 9

SmallDesktop 9

SmallFormFactor 9 9

UltraSmallForm

Factor

9 9

IdentifyingtheDellChassis

Itisadvisedthatyouconfirmthetypeandlookofthesystem

chassisyouaretroubleshootingbeforeemployingany

strategyormethodology,because:

Youmayneedtoaccountforsubtledifferences.


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Differentchassistypesaretypicallycomprisedofdifferentparts.Thechassistypecanbeidentifiedbyreferringtotheonlinesystemmanual,whichwouldinclude

pictures,makingavisibleconfirmationpossible.However,themethodsoftroubleshooting,andthe

principlesandpracticeofopeningthechassisarefundamentallythesame.

WhatAretheFeaturesoftheDellChassis?

Delldesktopchassisaredesignedtomaketroubleshootingmoresimple.Keyfeaturesinclude:

Safe,intuitivehardwareaccess:o YoucanopenmanyDellchassiswithouttools.o Somechassisdorequireascrewdrivertoremovethescrewsthatsecurethecovertothe

mainbodyofthechassis.

Maintainability

and

serviceability:

o Theharddrives,CDs,DVDs,andtapedrivesofmanysystemsaremountedonrails.Youdonotneedanytoolstoremovedrivesfromthesesystems.Youdoneedascrewdriverto

removethedrivesfromtherails.

o YoucaneasilyremoveandreseatthedatacablesonIDEandSATAdrives.o Youcaneasilyremoveandreseatmemorymodules,whicharesecuredbytwoplasticlevers.

Colorcoding:o Componentsareoftencolorcoded:

Blueplasticindicatesacustomerremovableunit(CRU).OldersystemsusedgreenplastictoindicateCRUs.

BlueSATAcablesconnecttotheharddrive,whileorangeSATAcablesconnecttotheopticaldrive.

NOTE:

Together,thesefeaturessimplifyservicedelivery.Youmayfinditeasiertorequestthepartsandinstallthemyourselfratherthanwaitforanonsitetechnician.

Notethatreplacementdrivesdonotshipwithmountingrails.Youmusttransfertherailsfromtheexistingdrive.

YoucanfindstepbystepinstructionsintheonlineUsersManualorServiceManual.

OpeningtheDellChassis

YoucanopentheDellchassisby:

Pressingbuttonssimultaneouslyoneithersideofthechassis.


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Releasingadoorlatchthat,inturn,unlocksoneofthesidepanels. Placingthesystemdownontheappropriatesideandopeningthechassisbyusingthesliding

button.

Removingthescrewsthatsecurethecover.How

to

Open

an

Ultra

Small

Form

Factor

Chassis

TheUltraSmallFormFactorhasaplasticbackassembly.First,youneedtoremovetheassembly,whichhastwoparts.Then,youcanopenthe

sidepanelbyturningthebuttononthechassis.

ThebuttonlockingmechanismontheUltraSmallFormFactorisalwayslocatedatthebackofthesystem.

OpeningtheVostroChassis

BoththeVostroTowerandSlimTowerChassisusescrewstosecurethe

cover.Thefirsttimeyouremovethecover,youmustuseastandardPhillips

headscrewdrivertoloosenthesecuringscrews.Whenyoureplacethecover,

thescrewscanfunctionasthumbscrew.

TheDiagnosticFeatureSet

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifytheDelldiagnosticfeatureset.


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DiagnosticFeatureSet

ThediagnosticfeaturesofDelldesktopand

workstationsystemsinclude:

Beepcodes Errormessages LEDQuadPack PowerLED

DiagnosticLEDs

LightEmittingDiodes(LEDs)aresmall,efficient

lightsources.Theyaresemiconductorsthat

radiatelight.

TheLEDsthatDellusestodisplaydiagnostic

informationradiateinthevisiblespectrum.By

decodingthepatternoflight,youcantroubleshootafailedsystemorfollowasystemthroughthe

stagesofthebootprocess.

DiagnosticLEDQuadPack

Thediagnostic

LED

Quad

Pack

is

one

of

the

key

diagnostic

features

of

the

Dell

OptiPlex

desktop

and

PrecisionWorkstationsystems.ItcanbeusedintheeventofasystemfailureduringthePOSTprocess

toassistthefaultdiagnosis.TheQuadPackisfoundinoneoftheselocations:

Underthefrontpaneldoor. OnthefrontofthechassisbetweenorbelowtheheadphonejackandtheUSBports. Ontherearofthesystemabovethemouseandkeyboardports.


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BeepCodes

Whenerrors

that

cannot

be

reported

on

the

monitor

occur

duringPOST,yoursystemmayemitabeepcodetocommunicate

theproblem.Abeepcodeisaspecificseriesofsounds.

Forexample:AWorkstationT7400beepsonce,thenpauses,

beepsagain,thenbeepsthreetimes.Thisbeepcodeindicatesan

NVRAMread/writefailure.

Beepcodesarerelativelyconsistentacrossplatforms.Sothe113codewouldstillindicateanNVRAM

failureontheDellOptiPlex210LandtheOptiPlex330.ButaVostro400usesacompletelydifferentset

of

beep

codes.

VostroBeepCodesandErrorMessages

AswithOptiPlexandPrecisionsystems,Vostrosystemsalsoreportconditionsthatariseduringthebeep

processthrough:

TextErrorMessagesTextErrorMessage Meaning

CMOSCHECKSUMERROR PossiblesystemboardfailureorRTCbatterylow.

Replacethe

battery.

CPUFANFAILURE CPUfanfailure.Replacethefan.

HARDDISKDRIVEFAILURE PossibleharddrivefailureduringtheHDDPOST.

Checkthecablesandswapharddrives.

NOTIMETICKINTERRUPT Achiponthesystemboardmightbe

malfunctioning,orthesystemboardhasfailed.

NOTabootdiskette Insertabootablefloppydiskandthenrestartthe

system.

USBOVERCURRENTERROR AdeviceontheUSBbusisdrawingmorecurrent

thanissupported.DisconnecttheUSBdeviceor

useanexternalpowersourceforthedevice.


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BeepCodesBeepCode Description SuggestedRemedy

1 BIOSROM

checksuminprogressor

failure

Systemboardfailure.CoversBIOScorruptionor

ROMerror.

2 Nomemorymodules

detected

1.Ifyouhavetwoormorememorymodules

installed,removethemodules,reinstallonemodule,

andthenrestartthesystem.Ifthesystemstarts

normally,reinstallanadditionalmodule.Continue

untilyouhaveidentifiedafaultymoduleor

reinstalledallmoduleswithouterror.

2.Ifavailable,installagoodmemorymoduleofthe

sametypeintothesystem.

3.Iftheproblempersists,contactDell.

3 Chipseterror

Time

of

Day

Clocktestfailure

GateA20failure

SuperI/Ochipfailure

Keyboardcontrollerfailure

Systemboardfailure.PowerLEDisblinkingamber.

CurrentlyshippingVostrosystemsdonothaveLEDQuadPack.

TheBoot

Process

Explained

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeableto:

Appreciatethestagesofthebootprocess. Identifythesignificanceoftheassociatedsystemindicators.


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WhatAretheStagesoftheBootProcess?

Everytimeyoursystemboots,itpassesthroughfivedistinctbootstages.Thesequenceofthesestages

is:

OffInthisstage,thereisnopowersupplytothesystem.

PowerInthisstage,thesystemreceivespowerfromapowersourceanddistributesthepowertothe

internalcomponents.

PrePOST(PowerOnSelfTest)Inthisstage,thesystemcanreceivepoweranddistributethispowertoitsinternalcomponentsbut

cannotprocessdata.


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POSTInthisstage,thesystemprocessesaseriesofinstructionsthatcheck,testandinitiatesystem

components.ThesetestsarecommonlyknownasPOSTtests.Theexecutedcodethatprovidesfor

theinstructionsetisstoredintheBIOS.

BootWhenthesystemsuccessfullycompletesthePOSTtests,theBIOSattemptstoreleasecontrolofthe

systemtoadefinedbootdeviceandaninstalledoperatingsystem(OS).Theoperatingsystem

componentthatreceivescontrolisreferredtoasthekernel.Followingthis,thesystembeginsthe

bootstage.

PowerButtonLEDStates

ThepowerLED:

ChangesitsstatetoreflectthesystemtransitionthroughtheassociatedPOSTroutines. IndicatesthestageatwhichtheprocessfailedduringPOST. Doesnotidentifythecomponentresponsibleforthefailure.WhenthesystemcompletesPOSTnormally,thechangeinLEDcodeforeachphaseoftheprocess

occursfairlyquickly,makingitdifficulttodistinguishbetweenthestages.Whenthesystemfailsto

completePOST,thePowerLEDremainsinthelastsuccessfulstate.

NOTE:OptiPlexandPrecisiondesktopsincludeavariablestatepowerbuttonLED.Theoccurrenceof

distincteventstriggersachangeinthestateoftheLED.ThevariablestatepowerbuttonLED:

Displaysfivedifferentvisualcodesorstates. Providesyouwithinformationaboutthestateofthesystem,orthestagewhereinafailure

occurred.


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WhatIstheDiagnosticQuadPack?

ThediagnosticorLEDQuadPackprovidesinformationaboutthecurrentstageorsetofPOSTteststhat

thesystemiscyclingthrough.

TheQuadPackLEDshighlighttheprogressofyoursystemthroughthePOSTprocess. Ifthesystemfailsonaparticularcheckortest,theQuadPackwillhighlightthestageatwhichthe

systemhaltedviaanLEDcode.

NOTE:AlwayscheckyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualtodeterminetheexactmeaningoftheLEDQuadPackcode.

ThediagnosticLEDQuadPackprovidesinformationaboutthecurrentstageofPOSTasthesystem

progressesthroughit.IfthesystemstopsPOSTing,youcanlookupthecodeinthesystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualtodeterminewhereitstopped.Thatinformationgivesyouagoodstartingpointfortroubleshooting.

Onsomesystems,theLEDQuadPackremainslitaftertheoperatingsystemloads.Onothersystems,

theLEDQuadPackturnsoffwhentheBIOSpassescontroltotheoperatingsystem.

DiagnosticLEDPatterns

ThemajorityofdiagnosticLEDpatternsdonothaveaonetoonerelationshipwithindividualPOST

tests.ThePOSTteststhemselvesareroughlygroupedintosetsaccordingtothecomponentstheyare

testing.ThesesetsoftestsformcategoriesaccordingtowhichanLEDpatternisthenassigned.Before

processingthetestswithinaset,thesystemdisplaystheLEDpatternforthatsetonthediagnosticLEDs.

AfterdisplayingtheLEDpattern,thesystemrunsthetestset,whichinitializesandchecksthe

functionalityofthosecomponentsincludedinthespecificcategory.

NOTE:AlthoughmanyofthePOSTtestsareexecutedinaspecificorder,theordermaynotstrictlybe

consistent.TheBIOSmayonlyexecuteoneortwoofthetestsinaset,moveontothenextsetandthen

returntothepreviousset.SomeoftheLEDcodesaredisplayedmultipletimesduringthePOSTprocess.

TheLEDpatternsstopchangingifasystemencountersafailureduringoneofitstests.


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SleepStatesandtheBootProcess

Thesleepstatesmostrelevanttothebootprocessare:

1. Standby(S1orS3)StandbyisalsocalledsuspendtoRAM.WindowsVistareferstoS3asSleep.

YoucantellthatthesystemisinstandbybytheblinkingPowerLED. OldersystemsaremorelikelytosupportS1,whichleavestheprocessorandmanyperipherals

fullypowered,thanS3.

MorerecentsystemsmaynotsupportS1. Eveniftheprocessormaybecompletelyoff,RAMispowered. Lossofpowerresultsinalossofallunsaveddata.ResumingfromStandbyinvolvesrestoringpowertotheprocessorandperipherals.Becausethe

operatingsystemisstillinRAM,thesystemdoesnotPOST,andtheoperatingsystemdoesnotload

again.

2. Hibernation(S4) ThePowerLEDisoff. EverythinginRAMisstoredinafileontheharddrive. Thesystemiscompletelypowereddown,exceptforfleapower.

ResumingfromHibernationrequiresanormalpoweronandPOST.WhentheBIOShandsover

controltotheoperatingsystem,itrestoresthecontentsofhibersys.dattoRAM.

3. Off(S5)The

Power

LED

is

off,

but

flea

power

is

still

being

supplied

to

the

system

board.

This

enables

peripheralssuchascertainNICsormodemstopoweronthesystem.

ThestandardbootprocessdescribedinthismoduledescribesbootingfromanS5state.

BeepCodesandErrorMessages

Youcanalsoreceiveindicationsaboutthebootprocessthrough:

Texterrormessages:Theerrormessagesprovideinformationaboutacurrentorpreviousbootfailure.

Beepcodes:Abeepcodeconsistsofthreeorfourgroupsofbeepsseparatedbypauses.Beepcodesrelaytheoffendingcheckpointinasituationwhenapreviousbootfailedbeforevideowas

initialized.

Theerrorcodeinformationprovidedbyerrormessagesand/orbeepcodescanbelookeduponline,

undertheappropriatesystemsusermanual.


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FaultIdentification

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoclassifyDellsystemfailures.

TroubleshootingbyIdentifyingFaults

Thefirststeptotroubleshootinganyproblemistocategorizethestageoffailure,whichcanbeoneof

thefollowingthreetypes:

NoPower:Occurswhenpowerisappliedandthesystemdoesnotreceiveasupplyorcirculateitcorrectly.

NoPOST:OccurswhenthesystemfailsanypartofPOST. NoBoot:Occurswhenthesystemfailstoboot.ThishappenswhentheBIOSfailstosuccessfully

handthecontroloftheremainingbootprocessovertotheoperatingsystemkernel.


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NOTE:Afterclassifyingthecategoryofasystemfailure,youneedtotakedecisivestepstowards

identifyingthecomponentsthatareresponsibleforthefailure.ThistaskismadeeasierwiththeDell

diagnosticfeatureset,suchasSystemLEDsandothererrorcodeinformation.Additionally,youshould,

wheneverpossible,refertoDSNbyusingthecategoryfailureasasearchstring,suchasGX280no

POSTorGX280NoPowerorGX280noBoot.

HowtoIdentifytheNoPowerFault

Youcandeterminethepowerstateofadesktopsystembycheckingtheconditionsofthefollowing

indicatorsandcomponents:

PowerLED:WhetherthepowerLEDisoff,greenoramber,andblinkingorsteady. Fleapowerindicator:WhetherthefleapowerLEDonthesystemboardison. Systemfan:Whetherthepowersupplyfanisturning. LEDQuadPack:WouldbeoffforapotentialNoPower.NOTE:Whentroubleshooting,thebestdecisionsresultfromusingallavailableinformation.Remember

tocheckallindicatorsandcheckyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManual.Alwaysincludeyourfindingsinyouronlinewarrantyrequest.

HowtoIdentifythePOSTStageFailure

YoucandeterminewhetheryoursystemhasfailedduringthePOSTroutinehardwaretestsbychecking

thefollowing

conditions:

Isthesystemreceivingpower? IsthepowerLEDoff,greenoramber,andblinkingorsteady? IsthefleapowerLEDonthesystemboardon? Isthepowersupplyfanturning? Whatstatusand/orerrorcodeinformationisdisplayedbytheLEDQuadPack?NOTE:TodeterminethecomponentsthatshouldhavebeentestedandinitializedduringthePOST

routinechecks,youneedtorecordanydisplayedLEDcodesandtranslatetheassociatedmeaning.This

informationisavailableintheappropriateonlinesystemmanual.

Givenanyfailure,youmustincludetheLEDpatternsdisplayedinyouronlinewarrantyrequestlogto

Dell.


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HowtoIdentifytheBootStageFailure

Bootingasystemisdefinedasloadingandpassingcontrolofthebootprocesstotheoperatingsystem

kernel.ThisisthefirstpieceofsoftwarerequiredtodisplaytheWindowsloginscreen.

Youcandetermineifyoursystemisfailingtobootproperlybycheckingthefollowingconditions:

Hasthesystemsuccessfullypoweredon? HasthesystempassedtheinitialPOSTchecks? Areyoureceivingavideosignalonthemonitor? Isthereanerrormessageonthemonitor? IsthereanybootablemediainthefloppydriveorCDROMdrive?NOTE:

Ifyouarereceivingavideosignalonthemonitor,asolidgreenpowerLEDindicatorandaGGGGorGGGY

on

the

Quad

pack,

there

is

ahigh

probability

that

you

are

not

going

to

need

to

troubleshoot

thisissueasanoPOST.

GGGGsignifiesthatthesystemhassuccessfullycompletedallPOSTchecksandGGGYindicatessystemactivitysubsequenttovideoinitialization.

TroubleshootingPower

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeableto:

Identifypowerrelatedfaults. Establishguidelinesforthesuccessfultroubleshootingofpowerrelatedfaults.


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LEDStatesandCauses

ThefollowingtableprovidespossiblecausesforvariousstatesofthepowerindicatorsonOptiPlex,

VostroandPrecisionsystems.

PowerLED BackPanelLED PowerSupplyFan FleaPowerLED PossibleCauses

OFF OFF OFF OFF Systemnotpluggedin PSUunpluggedfromthesystemboard

Wallorpowerstripoutletfaulty

Powercordfaulty Powersupplyfaulty

Amber Misalignedfrontbezel Controlpanelfailure I/OpanelfailureCable

from

the

I/O

panel

to

thesystemboard

disconnectedorfaulty

Systemboardfaulty Powersupplyfaulty

Blinking

Amber

OFF OFF Amber Powersupplyfaulty Voltageselectorswitchincorrectlyset

VoltageRegulatorModule(VRM)failure(ifapplicable)

ON Amber Systemboardfaultypossiblyshorted

to

ground

AsolidgreenharddriveorEsupportLEDontheControl

PanelmayindicateaVRM

failure.

NOTE:OnOptiPlexandPrecisionWorkstationsystems,youcanalsochecktheLEDQuadPack.Vostro

systemsdonothaveanLEDQuadPack.

Troubleshootingthe

Environment

Related

Power

Faults

Totroubleshootasuspectpowerissue,firstyouneedtoverifywhetherthefaultisrelatedto

environmentalcomponents,suchasexternalpowersourceandintermediaryorconnectingdevices.To

dothis:

Verifytheexternalpowersourceorwallsocket. Verifytheintermediaryorconnectingdevicessuchasextensioncordsorsurgesuppressors.


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Thisverificationisperformedthroughpartsubstitutionand/ortestingwithknowngooddevicesonthe

sameoutletorconnectingdevice.

Troubleshooting

Power

outside

the

Chassis

Tryafewsimpletroubleshootingstepsbeforeopeningthechassis.

CheckthestatusofthepowerLEDandtheLEDQuadPack(onsystemsthathaveone). Determinewhetherthepowersupplyfanisspinning. Reseatthepowercord. Ifthesystemhasaswitchablepowersupply,unplugthepowercordandrocktheswitchtothe

incorrectpositionandthenbacktothecorrectsettingforyourregion.

Trythepowercordfromaworkingsystemordisplay. Ensurethatthebezelisalignedcorrectly.Improperbezelalignmentmaypreventthepowerbutton

fromactivating

the

system.

TroubleshootingPowerinsidetheChassis

Iftheproblempersistsaftercheckingenvironmentalandexternalsystemcauses,youneedtocheckthe

possibleinternalcauses.Todothis:

Openthecaseandperformavisualinspectionofthesystemboardanditscomponentsforabnormalitiesthatcouldhaveanimpactonthesystemsabilitytopoweron.

Checkthestatusofthefleapowerlight,componentsthatmaybedisconnected,andcablesorconnectorsthatmaybeincorrectlyseated.

Checkthepowerconnectionstothesystemboardandwhethertheprocessorfanoranyexpansioncardfansarespinning.

Reseatthepowerconnectiontothesystemboardandthendisconnectallpowerconnectorstothedrives.

ReseatthecablethatconnectstheI/Opaneltothesystemboardonbothends. IfthesystempowersonwhiletheI/Opanelisdisconnectedfromthesystemboard,determine

whetherthepowersupplyisfunctionalorthatthefaultlieswitheithertheI/Opanelanditscableor

thecontrolpanel.

ReseatthecircuitboardifthecableconnectingtotheI/Opanelisaccessible.Thecontrolpanelisthecircuitboardtowhichthepowerbuttonisconnected.ThisboardinturnconnectstotheI/O

panel.

NOTE:Rememberthefundamentalprincipleandobjectiveofanytroubleshootingmethodologyiscause

andeffect.Wearelookingtoidentifythataction(cause)whichresultsinachange(effect)ofsymptoms

and/orerrorcodeinformation.


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Forexample,ascorchedcomponentwouldvisiblyappearasifithasbeenburnt,eitherthrough

exposuretoheatorasuddenanduncontrolledburstofpower.Ifthisisthecase,youwillneedtocall

Dellsupportforadditionaladvice.

CheckingInternalComponents

Atthisstage,ifyouhavenotidentifiedthereasonfor

thefailuretopoweron,thefaultcouldbeduetoa

failingcomponent.Thetroubleshootingcheckscould

include:

Removeallcomponentsanddevicessuchasthedrives,thedrivedatacables,expansioncards,

riser,audioandMolexcablesthatdonotprevent

thesystem

from

receiving

power.

Testthesystemwithcauseandeffectinmindandfocusyourattentionontheremaining

components,suchasmemory,powersupply,

voltageregulatormodule(VRM),andprocessor.

Testthememorymodulesinisolationandindifferentslots,swappingthemwithknowngoodmemorymodules,ifpossible.

RemovethesecondprocessorandtheVRM,ifapplicable.Testeachprocessorindividually.Usesubstituteparts,ifnecessary.

SwapthepowersupplywithaknowngoodPSU,ifavailable.NOTE:IfthesystemhastwoprocessorsandaseparateVRM,youmustalsoremovethesecond

processorifyouneedtoremovetheVRM.AlwayscheckyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualforspecificinstructions.

TroubleshootingSleepStates:NotEnteringSleepState

Totroubleshootasystemthatdoesnotenterasleepstate:

Determine

if

an

application

causes

the

failure.

Todetermineifanapplicationispreventingthesystemfromenteringasleepstate:

o Individuallycloseallapplicationsrunningintheforegroundorbackground,includingSystemTray(NotificationArea)applications.

o RemoveapplicationsfromtheStartUplocationsandrestartthesystem.o Ifthesystementerssleepmode,individuallyaddtheStartUpapplicationsandtest.

Determineifaperipheralordevicedrivercausesthefailure.


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Todetermineifaperipheraloritsdriverispreventingthesystemfromenteringasleepstate,check

theUsersGuideorServiceManualfortheperipheraltodetermineifitsupportssleepstates.Anyperipheralattachedtothesystemmaypreventthesystemfromenteringasleepstate.

Determineifanoperatingsystemsettingcausesthefailure.CheckforOperatingSystemsettingsthatmaynotbeconfiguredcorrectly,preventingS3sleep.

NotWakingUpfromSleepState

Anoncomplianthardwaredevice,faultyhardwareoradevicewitha

noncompliantdrivercanalsopreventasystemfromwakingup.Itis

veryunlikelythatanapplicationwillpreventasystemfromwakingup.

Totroubleshootthissituation:

Reseatsuspectdevices,swappingthepartwithaknowngoodcomponent

and

updating

the

device.

ChecktheBIOSSettings.IfthesleepingmodeintheBIOSissettoS1state,thesystemwillnotbeabletoenterS3state.

NOTE:TheWindows2000operatingsystemmustbeproperly

configuredintoallowcertaindevicestowakethesystem.

TroubleshootingPrePOST

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifytheguidelinesfortroubleshootingprePOST.

CausesofPrePostFailure

Asystemfailurecanbecategorizedasapre

POSTstage

failure

if

the

system

cannot

processthesoftwarecodestoredinthe

BIOS.Possiblecausesofthisfailureare:

Processorfailure Systemboardfailure Installedcomponentsfailure


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DuringPOST,asystemcannotdetectortestthememory,riseroranyoftheintegratedcomponents

withoutexecutingtheBIOScode.

NOTE:Theriserisacircuitboardthatisalsoknownasarisercard.Itconnectsdirectlyintothesystem

boardandprovidesthecapabilityforadditionalexpansioncardstobeaddedtothecomputer.Theriser

istypically

available

in

desktop

systems.

Physicalseatingissuessuchasanincorrectlyseatedmemorymoduleorcableconnectorcouldcausethe

systemtofailprePOSTduetoashortintheelectriccircuit.

IdentifyingaPrePOSTFailure

ToidentifyaprePOSTfailure,checkthestatusofthefollowing:

PowerLEDThe

power

LED

shows

solid

amber.

LEDQuadPackTheLEDQuadPackisblank.

BeepCodesThereisnobeepcode.

PrePOSTComponents

AprePOSTfailurecanbeofthefollowingtwo

types:

Essentialcomponentfailure:Thisisduetofailureofcomponentsthatarerequiredfor

thesystemtoprocessdataatthemostbasic

level.Thisincludesthepowersupply,the

systemboard,theprocessorandthevoltage

regulatormodule(VRM).

Nonessentialcomponentfailure:Thisisduetofailureofcomponentsthatarenot

requiredfor

the

system

to

process

data

at

themostbasiclevel.Thisincludestheriser,

expansioncards,memorymodules,datacables,drivepowercables,audioandMolexcables,

processorfansandsystemcasefans.


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NOTE:Onmostsystems,theVRMisembeddedinthesystemboard.Somesystemsthathavetwo

processorsalsohaveadiscreteVRM.Onthesesystems,youmustalsoremovetheVRMwhenremoving

thesecondprocessorduringtroubleshooting.

Step1:CheckingtheObvious

TostarttroubleshootingaprePOSTfollowthesesteps:

1. Removeallperipherals.Removeallexternallyconnectedperipheralsordevices.Testthesystem,andifthesymptoms

change,oneofthosecomponentscouldberesponsibleforthefault.Addcomponentsback

individuallytoisolatetheoffendingpart.

2. Reseatthesystemprocessor/sandVRM.OpenthecaseandreseattheprocessorusingtheDellrecommendedprocedure.TesttheVRMand

secondprocessor,

ifapplicable,

through

reseating,

removal

or

substitution

(if

resources

permit).

Testthesystem.

Step2:CheckingInternalDrives,CablesandConnectionPoints

Ifalltheeffortsthusfarhaveproducednoresult,attempttoisolateorverifythefunctionalityofdrives,

cables,andconnectionpoints.

1. Reseatthepowersupplyconnectiontothesystemboard.2. Removeallpoweranddataconnectionstothesystemboard.Removealldrivesandtestthesystem.3. ReseatthecabletotheI/Opanelandtestthesystem.ChecktheI/Opanelagain.4. Verifytheseatingofallconnections.NOTE:Withthepowerleadconnected,thesystemwilltypicallypoweronwhentheI/Opanelis

disconnectedfromthesystemboard.IfthishappensbeforeremovingtheI/Opanel,thefailurecanbe

attributedtotheI/Opaneland/orthecableconnectingittothesystemboard.

Step3:SwappingComponents

Thelast

phase

of

troubleshooting

pre

POST

failures

includes

part

substitution

with

known

good

parts:

1. Swaptheremainingcomponentsonebyonewithknowngoodcomponents.BeginwiththosecomponentsrequiredforcompletionoftheprePOST.

2. Atthisstage,thecomponentsreferredtowouldtypicallybethememorymodulesandpossibletheprocessororVRM(ifapplicable).


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TroubleshootingPOST

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifytheguidelinesfortroubleshootingPOSTfailures.

CauseforPOSTFailure

POSTfailureoccurswhenacomponentoraperipheralfailsthePOSTtestsorcausesthesystemtolock

up.

YoucanidentifythestateofthePOSTfailure,whichinturnassistsintheisolationofpotentialfailed

component/s,withthehelpof:

ThePowerLED DiagnosticLEDQuadPackcodes OnscreenPOSTerrorcodes Audiblebeepcodes


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NOTE:TheLEDcodes,POSTcodesandaudiobeepcodescanbelookedupintheonlineandsystem

specificmanualswithtroubleshootingassistanceavailablefromDSN.Thesoftwarecodethatdefines

andproducesthediagnosticLEDQuadPackpatterns,onscreenPOSTerrorsandbeepcodesisstoredin

theflashBIOScodeandisreadaspartoftheactualPOSTroutine.

TheLEDQuadPack,TextbasedPOSTCodes,andBeepCodes

YoucanusePOSTtestroutinesanderrorcodeinformationtoidentifythestageatwhichthePOST

processhasfailedorlocked,whichinturnassistsinisolatingandidentifyingthecomponent/sthathave

potentiallycausedthePOSTfailure.ThefollowingcharacteristicsofthePOSTprocesshelpyouachieve

this:

ThePOSTtestroutinesandcodesaredividedintoseveraldistinctphases,whichinturnarebasedonthecomponent/sbeingtested.

EachportionoftheroutineismadevisiblethroughabackpanelLEDpattern.ThismeansthattheLEDdisplaycodesandthechangestheycyclethroughmaptothedistinctPOSTphasesand

componentsbeingtestedduringthatphase.YoucanmonitorthePOSTcycleandtheresultantLED

changesduringeachroutine.

Anyerrorcode(LEDQuadPackLEDcodes,displayedtextmessages,beepcodes,oranycombinationofthese)canhelpidentifythestageoffailure.

AstheprocessorbeginsexecutingtheactualPOSTcode,itdisplaysanLEDQuadPackcodetoindicatetheportionoftheroutinethatiscurrentlybeingexecuted.

Asonetestfinishesandthenextonebegins,theLEDQuadPackcodechangestoindicatethenexttestset.

IfthesystemencountersaPOSTfailure,youcanisolatethecauseusingthesystemsUsersGuideorServiceManual,aswellastheDellSolutionNetwork(DSN),tosystematicallytroubleshootthefailure.

NOTE:NotallsystemshaveanLEDQuadPack.

WhatDoLEDsandBeepCodesIndicate?

TheLEDQuadPackisusedtovisiblydisplaythesystemsprogressthroughtherespectivePOSTroutines

inthe

following

ways:

AsaPOSTroutineexecuteswithobviouspausesforlongertests,theLEDQuadPackwillchangetodisplayadifferentsetofcodes.

Intheeventofafailure,eithertheLEDQuadPackcodeand/ortextbasedPOSTorbeepcodescanbeusedtoindicatetheroutinewherethePOSTprocessfailed.Inconjunctionwiththeonline

resources,youcanusethisinformationtoisolateandidentifythefailedcomponent/s.


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TheLEDQuadPackandtheroutineassociatedcodewillnotchangetothenextpatternwhenthesystemencountersafailureoralockupduringaPOSTtest.

AsolidgreenpowerLEDindicatesthattheprocessorhasbegunprocessingthePOSTtests.RefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystemforthemeaningofLEDQuadPackandbeepcodes.

NOTE:Whenasystemhasalargeamountofmemorytotest,thememorypatternwillbedisplayedfora

longerperiodbeforeproceedingtothenextpattern.ApauseinthePOSTLEDQuadPackchangedoes

notsignifyafault,butindicatesthatthetestcycleislonger.

HowtoIdentifyCausesofNoPOSTFailures

PowerLED LEDQuadPack Beepcode IdentifyingthePossibleCause

Solid

green

Blank

None

Beepcode Checkthebeepcodeandtroubleshoottheindicated

component.

LEDCode None ChecktheLEDcodeandtroubleshoottheindicated

component.

Beepcode CheckLEDandbeepcodesandtroubleshootthe

indicatedcomponent.

ThestatusofthepowerLED,thecodedisplayedbytheLEDQuadPack,thetextbasedPOSTcodesand

thebeepcodeshelpyouidentifythestageatwhichthePOSTfailurehasoccurred.Thisenablesyouto

identifythepotentiallyfaultycomponent.Youcansupplementandvalidateyourunderstandingofthe

componentstestedduringthatphasewithonlineresources,suchassystemmanualsandDSN.These

resourcesincludetipsandguidanceonemployingsuccessfultroubleshooting.ThepowerLEDistypically

solidgreenduringPOST.Youdoneedtobefamiliarwithaccessingandnavigatingthroughtheonline

resources,asyouneedtochecktheLEDcodeandthebeepcodetoidentifythePOSTstagefailure,and

possiblecomponent/scausingthefailure.

Step1:RemovingComponents

Check

the

status

of

the

LED

Quad

Pack,

power

LED,

and

any

other

valid

error

code

information

after

eachphaseordiscretestepofyourtroubleshootingstrategy.Thishelpsintheidentificationofchanges

insymptomscausedbyyouraction.YoucancheckthestatusofLEDsorerrorcodesafterremovingand

testing.

Peripheralsconnectedtothesystemortheexternalinterfaces:Keyboard,mouse,networkcables,parallel,serialandUSBdevicesandthemonitor

Nonessentialcomponents:


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Drivesandtheirassociatedpoweranddatacables,Molexcables,risercards(ifapplicable)and

expansioncards

WARNING:Alwaysreadtheonlineservicemanualforyoursystembeforeattemptingtoremoveor

replaceparts,astheycontaincriticalsafetyinformation.Additionally,beforeremovingany

components,remove

the

power

cable

and

ensure

that

the

flea

power

light

is

drained

before

proceeding.

Step2:CheckingthePowerSource,thePSU,andItsConnectingLeads

Tocheckpowersupplytothesystem,youdothefollowing:

Verifythatalltheconnectorswereproperlyseatedandthatthereisnopindamage. Reseatthepowerconnectortothesystemboard. Inspectthemotherboardforvisibledamageorscorching. Removeallpowerconnectionstoinstalleddrives. RemovethecableconnectingthesystemboardtotheI/Opanel.Thesystemmaypoweronifthe

powercordleadingintothebackofthesystemispluggedin.Ifthesystempowerson,theI/OPanel

orthecableconnectingtheI/OPaneltothesystemboardcouldbefaulty.

Swapthepowercordwithareliableoneandverifyseatingofallconnections. Checkfordamageorbentpinsinanyconnectors. Verifythatareliablepowersourceisused.Ifpossible,testaknowngooddeviceatthepowerpoint. Removeallextensioncords,powerstrips,andadapters. Swapthepowercordwithareliableone.NOTE:

Ifthefailurecoincidedwithapowerspikeorlightningstrike,therepairmaynotbecoveredbythe

warranty.Remembertodocumenteverythinginyouronlinesupportrequest.

Step3:ReseatingandSubstitutingComponents

TroubleshootingnoPOSTfaultsthroughpartsubstitutionwithknowngoodpartscouldbethefirststep

youemploy

in

your

strategy.

Such

astrategy

may

involve:

Swappingthosepartsnotyettestedwithknowngoodcomponents. SwappingtheVRM,ifapplicable,andtestingtheprocessor(s). Reseatingtheprocessorifyouarenotcomfortableremovingit. Swappingthepowersupplytothesystem.


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Troubleshootinginconjunctionwithguidanceavailableonlinemakesforamoresoundandeffective

methodology.Forthis,useandrefertothemanualsandfollowDSN.Alwaysprovideaconcise,stepby

stepdescriptionofyourtroubleshootingprocesswhensubmittinganonlinewarrantyrequest.

NOTE:Onmostsystems,theVRMisembeddedinthesystemboard.Somesystemsthathavetwo

processorsalso

have

adiscrete

VRM.

On

these

systems,

you

must

also

remove

the

VRM

when

removing

thesecondprocessorduringtroubleshooting.

Step4:RemovingInstalledMemoryModules

Memorytroubleshootinginvolves:

SwappingthemodulewithaknowngoodmoduleifthePOSTroutineerrorcodeinformationhighlightsthepossibilitythatthestagefailurecouldbeattributedtoamemoryfailure.

Testing

the

memory

in

its

original

modules

independently

and

testing

all

slots,

or

substituting

with

knowngoodmodules(preferred).

CheckingthestatusoftheLEDsaftereachactionandlisteningforaudiblebeeps,whichareprogrammedtohighlightcertainmemoryeventsand/orfailures.

Generallyifthesystemmemoryisremovedandtheerrorcodeinformationsupportsthataction,the

systemboardandprocessorareruledoutasfaultycomponents.

NOTE:Youalsoneedtoconsiderthememorytechnology,suchasDDR1,DDR2,RDRAMandDual

channel,becausethisimpactsonthestrategyyouemploy.Alwaysconsulttheonlineandsystemspecific

manual,anduseDSNifpossible.

TroubleshootingSystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifyguidelinesfortroubleshootingsystemactivity

subsequenttovideoinitialization.

SystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization

TheLEDcodeusedtosignifythesystemactivitysubsequenttovideoinitializationtypeoffailure

appearsquitevague.However,understandingwherethecodefitsinthePOSTroutineandknown

causesfortheerrorcanhelpclarifythesefailures.


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The1234Code

The1234code:

IsthelastpatterndisplayedontheLEDQuadPack.

IndicatesthattheBIOShasrelinquishedcontroloftheboot

process.

IndicatesthatthesystemhascompletedPOSTandpassedcontrolto

theoperatingsystem.

NOTE:OnoldersystemsthecompletioncodeisshownasABCD.SinceallfourLEDsaregreen,thiscode

maybedescribedasGGGG.

Codemeaning

can

vary

by

system.

Refer

to

the

UsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystem.

The123Code:

The123CodeappearsontheLEDQuad

Packimmediatelybeforethe1234code

duringasuccessfulboot.Ifthecode

remainsontheLEDQuadPack:

ThesystemcompletedPOSTbutfailedtohandovercontroltotheoperating

system.

Anerrormessageprobablyappearsonthedisplaytohelpyoustart

troubleshootingthebootfailure.

NOTE:OnoldersystemsthecompletioncodeisshownasABC.SincethefirstthreeLEDsaregreenand

thefourthisyellow(amber)thiscodemaybedescribedasGGGY.

Codemeaningcanvarybysystem.RefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystem.


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Troubleshootingthe123Code

The123orGGGYcodecanappearforavarietyofproblemsrangingfromthekeyboardtothesystem

board.

Starttroubleshootingthiscodebyconsideringthemostlikelycomponentstocausetheissue:anIDEorSATAdrive.

Considertheerrormessageonthemonitor,ifapplicable,forconfirmationandthenproceedtothoroughlytroubleshootthestoragedevices.

Forexample:Asystemdisplaystheerrormessage:PrimaryDrive0notfound,PressF1tocontinue,F2

toenterSetup.TheLEDQuadPackcodeis123becausethebootprocesshasbeeninterrupted.To

troubleshootthisproblem,youcoulduseNobootasyourDSNsearchstringandfocusyour

troubleshootingondriverelatedissuessuchascorruptionorafailuretodetectthedrive.

TroubleshootingDisplayIssues

Objective

Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifyguidelinesfortroubleshootingvideoissues.

Identifying

the

Display

Type

Thethreedisplaytypesinuseare:

CathodeRayTube(CRT):Anolderdisplaytechnologysimilartoanoldtypetelevisionthatusesalarge,heavytubeand

chargedphosphorstorenderanimage

FlatScreenMonitor:AslightlyimprovedCRTwithaflatfrontglasstoreducedistortionoftheimage

FlatPanelDisplay(LCD):Athin,energyefficientdisplaywitha1to1ratioofpixels

NOTE:CRTandLCDbothrefertothetechnologyusedtocreateanimageonthescreenofthedisplay

unit.Althoughbothtermstechnicallyrefertoacomponentofthedisplayunit,theyarecommonlyused

torefertothewholeunit.


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DisplayTroubleshootingProcedure

Aswithotherdevices,troubleshootingdisplayissuesisamatterofdrillingdowntotherootcause.

Thesefactorssimplifytheprocess:

Youshouldneveropenthechassisofadesktopdisplayunit. Youaretroubleshootingasubsystem,soyouhavefewercomponentstocheck. Mostdisplaysincorporatesometypeofselftest.

TroubleshootingCRTs

DSNandtheCRTUsersGuideorServiceManualallprovidespecificinformationtroubleshootingCRTs.Althoughdetailscanvarybyunit,thefollowingstepsprovideageneraltroubleshootingprocedure:

1. Runtheselftest.2. Testtheonscreendisplay(OSD).3. Checkthesettings.4. Checkallconnections.5. Checkthevideocard.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)6. Checkthedrivers.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)

RunningtheCRTSelfTest

Likecomputers,

most

CRTs

run

aself

test

when

you

power

them

on.

The

form

of

the

test

and

its

results

canvarywidelybyCRT.

AlwaysrefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyourCRTtointerprettheresultsofthetest.

Settings

YoucanadjusttheCRTssettingsintwoplaces:

TheDisplayPropertiesControlPanelappletcontrolshowtheoperatingsystemattemptstocommunicatewiththeCRT.


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o ResolutionssettoohighfortheCRTtohandlemaycauseanOutofScanRangeerrortodisplay.

o OnolderCRTs,settingtheresolutionorrefreshratetoohighcanburnouttheCRT.

TheCRTsOnscreenDisplay(OSD)isasimplemenutocontroltheCRTsbasicinternalsettings.

o BecauseCRTsdonotnecessarilyuseaonetoonerationofresolutiontopixels,youcanusethesesettingstoforcetheCRTtodisplaysome

unsupportedresolutions.Theresultsmaynotappeartobefocused.

o Ifyouaretroubleshootingavideoissue,buttheOSDdisplayscorrectly,theproblemprobablystemsfromdriversorsettingsintheoperatingsystem.IftheOSDdoesnotdisplaycorrectly,the

CRTprobablyhasaninternalfailureandshouldbereplaced.

CRTConnections

MostDellCRTshaveonlytwoconnections:

ThepowercordPrimarilyforpowerissues,youcan:

o MakesurethepowercordispluggedsecurelyintotheCRTandthepowersource.o Removeanyextraneouspointsoffailure,suchaspowerstrips.o TryaknowngoodpowercordfromanotherCRTorsystem.

TheVGAconnectiono Reseattheconnectionatthevideocard.o OnmostDellCRTs,thevideocableishardwiredtotheCRT,soyoucannotusuallytryaknown

goodvideocable.

SomeDellCRTsweremarketedasMultimediaDisplays.TheseCRTsmayincorporateembedded

speakers,microphones,orconnectionstospeakersandmicrophones.

TroubleshootingLCDs

DSNand

the

LCDs

UsersGuideorServiceManualallprovidespecific

informationontroubleshootingLCDs.

Althoughdetailscanvarybyunit,thefollowingstepsprovideageneral

troubleshootingprocedure:

1. Runtheselftest.


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2. Testtheonscreendisplay(OSD).3. Checkthesettings.4. Checkallconnections.5. Checkthevideocard.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)6. Checkthedrivers.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)

RunningtheLCDSelfTest

DSNandtheLCDsUsersGuideorServiceManualallprovidespecificinformationontroubleshootingLCDs.

AlwaysrefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyourLCDforinstructionsonrunningandinterpretingselftest.

You

may

also

find

an

LCDs

self

test

referred

to

as

the

Built

in

Self

test

or

BIST.

ToruntheselftestonmanyLCDs:

1. PoweroffboththesystemandtheLCD.2. Disconnectallvideocablesfromthesourcedevice,usuallythesystem.3. PowerontheLCD.NOTE:Notallinputsmaybetested.Forexample,theDell2405FPWUltraSharpFlatPaneldoesnottest

forSVideocompositevideoorcomponentvideomodes.

Settings

YoucanadjusttheLCDssettingsintwoplaces:

TheDisplayPropertiesControlPanelappletcontrolshowtheoperatingsystemattemptstocommunicatewiththeLCD.

BecausetheLCDsnativelyuseaonetoonerelationshipofresolutiontopixels:

o SettingaresolutionlowerthantheLCDsnativeresolutionmayresultinablurredimage.o SettingaresolutionhigherthantheLCDsnativeresolutionmayresultinatruncatedorscrolled

image,dependingonhowtheoperatingsystemandthedriverinterpretthesettings.

TheLCDsOnScreenDisplay(OSD)isasimplemenutocontroltheLCDsbasicinternalsettings.If

you

are

troubleshooting

avideo

issue,

but

the

OSD

displays

correctly,

the

problem

probably

stems

fromdriversorsettingsintheoperatingsystem.IftheOSDdoesnotdisplaycorrectly,theLCD

probablyhasaninternalfailureandshouldbereplaced.


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LCDConnections

MostDellLCDshaveonlymultimediainputsand

outputsrangingfromVGA(sub)toHighdefinition

MediaInterface(HDMI).SomeLCDsalsofunctionas

USBhubs.

Eventhoughyouhavemoreconnectionstocheck,the

basictroubleshootingprocedureremainsthesame:

reseatconnectionsandtryknowngoodcables.

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