DELHI TRANSCO LIMITEDSTATE LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

DELHI

WELCOMES TO ALL THE PARTICIPANTS

TRAINING ON

SCADA

SCADA SUPERVISORY CONTROL

ANDDATA ACQUISITION

INTRODUCTIONTO

Introduction to SCADASCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)• Earlier ‘SCADA’ system utilized data acquisition by means of panel of

meters, lights and strip chart recorders.• Various control knobs for manually supervisory control.

IT'S TIME FOR...IT'S TIME FOR... IT'S TIME FOR...

Sensors to panel using 4-20mA or Voltage

Sensors

Sensor to Panel Type of SCADAAdvantages:• It is simple• Sensors connected directly to the meters, switches

and lights on the panel.Disadvantages:

Storage of Data is minimal and difficult to storage.

24 hours monitoring of Dials

No remote site monitoring

Simulation of real-time date is not possible.

Amount of wire becomes unmanageable after the installation of hundred of sensors.

Today’s SCADA System Modern SCADA system uses telemetry to connect

equipment and system separated by large distance.• Telemetry is used to send commands, programs and

receive monitoring information from remote location• SCADA is combination of telemetry and Data

acquisition• Earlier relay logic was used to control production and

plant systems• Now digital electronics incorporated into relay logic• PLC ( Programmable logic controller) is still one of the

most widely used control system in industry• Monitoring and more control devices, the PLC were

distributed and become more intelligent.

As the name SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) implies its functions are two fold:Scans the monitored system, obtaining and deriving data about the state and operating behavior of devices

&Provides the capability to send control signal out to those devices to modify their operation (Not used by DTL at present).

(SCADA Systems are used in industrial environment such as electrical power generation transmission and distribution, water supply system, gas and oil pipelines or any other distributed processes).

CONCEPTULIZATION:• LOAD MONITORING AND LOAD CALCULATION OF

VARIOUS GRID ELEMENTS WAS MANUAL

• GRID OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT, FAULT ANALYSYS WAS MANUAL, TIME CONSUMING AND CUMBERSOME

• OPERATOR SITTING AT REMOTE PLACE WERE DEPENDANT ON INFORMATION COLLECTED THROUGH TELEPHONE AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION FOR THE ABOVE PURPOSE.

• TO IMPROVE POWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS BY MONITORING AND CONTROL OF POWER SYSTEM NETWORKS, SYSTEM COORDINATION AND CONTROL (SC&C) PROJECT WAS STARTED, FINANCED BY WORLD BANKAND TO BE IMPLEMENTED BY PGCIL.

• Adaptation work at sub-station and generating stations to meet the requirement of data acquisition through RTUs • Associated dedicated communication network comprising fibre optic, micro wave & PLCC• Auxilliary power system comprising UPS,DG set and 48 v DC power supply system

• Associated infrastructrual facilities.

• DATE OF COMMERCIAL OPERATION

• 01-08-2002

RSCC

SLDCJ&K

(GLADNI)

SLDCBBMB

(CHANDIGARH)

SLDCHPSEB

(SIMLA)

SLDCDVB(DELHI)

SLDCHVPNL(PANIPAT)

SLDCPSEB

(PATIALA)

SLDCRSEB

(HEERAPURA)

SLDCUPSEB

(LUCKNOW)

SUBLDC(5)

SUBLDC(1)

SUBLDC(4)

SUBLDC(2)

SUBLDC(4)

SUBLDC(2)

SUBLDC(2)

SUBLDC(3)

RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs

RTUs

GENERAL ARCHITECTURE -NR

MINTO ROAD SLDC

ALDCGAZIPUR

ALDCGOPALPUR

ALDCBAWANA

RTUs1)BAWANA2) KANJHAWALA3) ROHINI4)NARELA5) SHALIMAR BAG

CFE

GENERAL ARCHITECTURE –DTL (ORIGINAL)

RSCC

ALDCBAMNAULI

RTUs1)GOPALPUR2) SUBZI MANDI3) SOUTH OF WZB4) K.GATE5) GEETA COLONY

CFE

RTUs1)GAZIPUR2) I.P.POWER3) PRAGATI4) RPH5) PATAPRGANJ6)LODHI Rd.7) PARK STREET8) SARITA VIHAR

CFE

RTUs1) BAMNAULI2) PAPANKALAN-13) PAPANKALAN-24) MEHRAULI5) NJAFGARH6) NARAINA7) OKHALA8) VASANTKUNJ

CFE

CFERTU LOCAL

MINTO ROAD SLDC

RTUsBAWANAKANJHAWALAROHININARELASHALIMAR BAGHDSIDC MUNDKACCGT BAWANA

GENERAL ARCHITECTURE –DTL (MODIFIED)

RSCC

RTUsGOPALPURSUBZI MANDISOUTH OF WZBK.GATEGEETA COLONY

RTUsBAMNAULIPAPANKALAN-1PAPANKALAN-2MEHRAULINAJAFGARHNARAINAOKHLAVASANTKUNJMASJID MOTH

CFE

RTUsGAZIPURI.P.POWERPRAGATIRPHPATPARGANJLODHI Rd.PARK STREETSARITA VIHARRIDGE VALLEYTRUMA CENTRELOCAL

**220 kV Maharani Bagh Having SAS under integration

CFE

15th March 2004 15

Acquiring data in real time is the fundamental function of SCADA System.

This is required for visualizing the state of monitored system in real time.

In our case monitored system is DTL network as well as northern grid which consists of sub-stations, generating stations etc..

Data Acquisition- OBJECTIVE

REAL-TIME INFORMATION DISPLAYEDBY SCADA FOR OPERATIONAL USE :

ANALOG VALUE:• MW, MVAR, FREQUENCY, VOLTAGE, CUREENT and

TAP POSITION of various elements of a sub-station. • Temp., Humidity, Wind Speed, Wind Velocity and atmospheric

pressure at selected locations.

DIGITAL STATUS OF :• LINE ISOLATOR, CIRCUIT BREAKER, BUS ISOLATORs, • RELAY INDICATION for selected protection relays.

(Transformer/ DG Oil level, No. of CB Operations, Status of Earthing Switches etc. can also be monitored)

Analog data acquisition

TransducerRTU

Analog Card4-20 mA O/P

Aux. Power 48V DC

CT & PT Signals from C/R Panel

Digital data acquisition

Position/State Signals from C/R Panel

CMRs

Contact Multiplying Relays RTU digital Card48 v Digital Signal

48 v Aux. Power

Data Acquisition From RTU

Comm. Equip.

Control Panel

SCADA

Communications Front End

RTU

Host

SCADA Data

Raw Data

RTUData

SCADAMOM

Comm. Equip.

OPGW , PLCC,Pilot cable, Leased line or Microwave Communication Medium

Data Flow to Control CenterThere are two routes of data flow to

SCADA system in SLDC:-

From RTU directly reporting to SCADA control center via CFE & TFE (Data Servers).

From other control centers through ICCP servers.

CFE- Communication Front End (Hardware)TFE- Telemetery Front End (Software) installed at Data servers.ICCP- Inter Control Center Communication Protocol

RTUs

SUBLDCDS

SLDCICCP

RSCCICCP

RSCCDS

SLDCOPERATOR CONSOLE

SLDCDSRTUs

RTUs

DATA OF RSCC & OTHER SLDCs

RTUs REPORTING TO RSCC

Data flow in ULDC scheme

RTUs REPORTING TO SLDC

RSCCOPERATOR CONSOLE

TFE software running on data servers issues commands to CFE.

Upon receiving command from TFE, CFE polls relevant RTUs for getting the data.

The RTU collects analog data from the transducers and digital data through CMR systems and provide it to the CFE.

TFE software stores the data in SCADA databases on data server. Where necessary conversions and limit checking etc. takes place.

Data From Directly Reporting RTU

Flow from direct reporting RTUs

Splitter

RTUS900

RTUS900

Router 1 Router 2

Ethernet

Remote Control Centers

Data Server 1 Data Server 2

SCADATFE

CFE 1 CFE 2

SCADATFE

Critical RTUNon Critical RTU

Minto roadKanjhawala Sabzi mandiKashmerigateGopalpurGeeta colonyLodhi roadPark StreetSarita ViharMehrauliShalimarbaghRohiniWazirabadPapankalan-IPapankalan-IINarainaNajafgarhRidge Valley

GazipurIP PowerPragatiRPHPatparganjOkhlaBawanaBamnauli

Critical RTUNon Critical RTU

Flow From Other Control Centers Data flow between control centers take place via ICCP

Server. It acts as gateway of data between control centers.

At sending end, ICCP Server acquires data from data server and sent to ICCP server of other control center.

At receiving end, ICCP server gets data and stores it in SCADA database on data server.

When ICCP server acts as transit server for transferring data from one control center to other, it does it without using data server.

Flow From Other Control Centers

ICCP server Master

Router 1

From ICCP Servers of Remote Control

Centers

Router 2

ICCP server Standby

Data Server Master

Data Server Standby

Ethernet

SCADA SCADA

TFE TFE

ICCP ICCP

SCADA database is the main database of the ULDC system.

All other sub systems get data from this database.

All real time data first comes to SCADA database.

Operator display, HIM, HDR, ICCP & other control centers gets data from SCADA Database.

Importance of SCADA Database

SCADA/EMS SERVER• SCADA• DISTURBANCE DATA COLLECTION• REAL TIME NETWORK/GENERATION• STUDY NETWORK/GENERATION

ICCP SERVER• SUPPORT INTER-SITE EXCHANGE WITH

THE SLDCs and the Sub-LDC/ RSCC.

HIM/ ISR SERVER• REAL TIME DATA SNAP SHOT• HISTORICAL INFORMATION RECORDING• HISTORICAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL• REPORT GENERATION

NETWORK MANAGEMENT CONSOLE

• MONITORS AND MANAGES THE HARDWARE CONNECTED TO THE LAN

SOFTWARE

DATABASE

HABITAT SOFTWARE ENVIRORNMENT USED FOR DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT OF REAL TIME INFORMATION IN SCADA SYSTEM .

HABITAT IS HEIRARICHAL DATA BASE, CONSISTS OF DATABASES, DISPLAYS, AND PROGRAMS

OPERATING SYSTEM

OPEN VMS (VIRTUAL MEMORY SYSTEM) OPERATING SYSTEM USED

Process of integrating a Sub-station in SCADA System

• RTU : INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONING (Connecting required field inputs into RTU at specific locations)

• PREPARATION OF SUBSTATION TOPOLOGY : Database creation of substation based on realistic substation information.

• PREPARATION OF RTU TOPOLOGY: RTU Database creation based on realistic RTU memory address information.

• COMMUNICATION : 1) Establishment of physical communication link, if required (type

of communication link-OPGW/FIBRE,PLCC,Microwave(Radio) & leased line.

2) Defining communication topology in database.• ONLINING PROCESS: Modified database is created on

development server and send to data server by using special tools and applications.

UTILITY MONITORING OF REAL TIME ANALOG AND DIGITAL STATUS OF DIFFERENT GRIDS AND GENERATING STATION OF NR REGION. TRENDING LOAD FORCASTING HDR(HISTORICAL DATA RECORDING) HIM(HISTORICAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT)TAGGING AND ALARMSSEQUENCE OF EVENTSSTATE ESTIMATOR REAL TIME CONTIGENCY ANALYSYS LOAD FLOW ANALYSYS LOAD SHEDDING

REGIONAL SUMMARY

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS

COMMUNICATION DAIGRAM

DELHI 400KV/220 KV NETWORK DIAGRAM

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF 220 KV PARKSTREET

Imp Line Flow

Load &&Forecasting

Trend of Delhi Load

TREND OF FREQUENCY

DTL TRANSFORMER LOADING

FUTURE OF SCADAMULTI FUNCTION TRANSDUCER

RTU BEING REPLACED BY BAY CONTROL UNITS

WINDOW BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS and IP BASED SCADA UTILITY

SUB-STATION AUTOMATION (MANLESS SUB STATION)

That’s All