DEGREES OF DIFFERENCE: EDUCATION ACHIEVEMENTS OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN B.C. Prepared by Joanne...

DEGREES OF DIFFERENCE:EDUCATION ACHIEVEMENTS OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN B.C.

Prepared by Joanne Heslop, ManagerStudent Transitions ProjectLast Update: January 28, 2011

This document is available at: http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/

http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/


Student Transitions Project 2

Introduction

The Student Transitions Project has assembled this set of facts by gender to provide a broad overview of the education achievements of male and female students in British Columbia.

On average, when compared to male students in B.C., female students: achieve higher grade 12 grades, attain higher grade 12 graduation rates, achieve higher transition rates into B.C. public post-secondary education, and attain a higher proportion of post-secondary credentials than male students.

The findings in B.C. are consistent with the rest of Canada. The differences in male and female education achievements might be partially explained by the different rates of change in their employment rates and employment earnings at different levels of education.


CONTENTS

(A) BC Secondary School Fast Facts:1. Grade-to-Grade Transition Rates2. Grade 12 Graduation Rates (among eligible grade

12’s)3. Grade 12 Academic GPA4. Grade 12 High Achievers

(B) Student Transitions into Post-Sec:5. Immediate-Entry Transition Rates6. Cumulative Three-year Transition Rates7. “Gappers” by Grade 12 Graduation Region8. First Type of Post-secondary Institution Attended9. First Credential Sought10. First Program Sought

STP Facts by G

ender

More


CONTENTS, cont.

(C) Post-Secondary Credit Registrants:11. By Post-Secondary Institution Type12. By Credential Type13. By Program

(D) Post-Secondary Credentials Awarded:14. By Credential Type15. By Program Completed16. Trend in All Credentials Awarded, 2003 to 200817. Trend in Bachelors Degrees Awarded, 2003 to 2008

STP Facts by G

ender

More


CONTENTS, cont.

(E) Post-Secondary Enrollment in Canada:18. University Enrollment in Canada, % Male vs. % Fem

ale19. College Enrollment in Canada, % Male vs. % Femal

e20. Undergraduate Enrollment by Discipline, BC vs. Ca

nada

(F) B.C. Labour Market Information:21. B.C. Unemployment Rates by Level of Education22. B.C. Employment Income by Level of Education

(G) Links

STP Facts by G

ender


User’s Guide• Use mouse clicks or keyboard arrow keys to

navigate forward or backward through these Facts by Gender.

• Other navigation tools to click on: Return to the Table of Contents. Go to data slide for current definition/notes. Go to definition/notes for the current data slide. Print the current slide.

Print All Facts (60 pages). Full document print option is only available from here.

User’s G

uide


Part AB.C. Secondary School

Facts


DEFINITIONS

OBSERVATIONS & NOTES

Grade to Grade Transition

Rates are the proportion of

students enrolled in a grade

who advanced to the next

higher grade.

• The differences in grade-to-

grade transition rates

between male and female

students are small.

• At all grade levels (in

2008/09), females advanced

to the next higher grade at

slightly higher rates than

males, except for grade 11 to

grade 12.

Grade to Grade Transition Rates1

Fact #

1


Grade to Grade Transition Rates(2008/09)

Fact #1

Grade6 to 7

Grade7 to 8

Grade8 to 9

Grade9 to 10

Grade10 to 11

Grade11 to 12

82%

84%

86%

88%

90%

92%

94%

96%

98%

100%

97% 97% 97%96%

92%

84%

96%97%

96%95%

92%

85%

Female

Male

Source: http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reports/pdfs/transition/public.xlsx, as at November 29, 2010.

http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reports/pdfs/transition/public.xlsx


DEFINITIONS


Eligible Grade 12

Graduation Rate is the

proportion of “eligible” grade

12 students who graduated.

Note that “eligible” students

are those who, if they pass all

courses in which they were

enrolled as of September, will

have met all requirements to

graduate.

• From 2004/05 to 2008/09,

the eligible grade 12

graduation rate for females

has remained one to two

percentage points above

males.

Eligible Grade 12 Graduation Rates

Fact #

2

2


Eligible Grade 12 Graduation Rates(2004/05 to 2008/09)

Fact #2

Source: http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reports/pdfs/graduation/prov.xlsx, as at November 29, 2010.

2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/0982%

84%

86%

88%

90%

92%

94%

96%

98%

100%

96%96%

95%

96%96%

94% 94%

93%

95%

94%

FemaleMale

http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reports/pdfs/graduation/prov.xlsx


DEFINITIONS


Academic GPA’s of B.C.

Grade 12 Graduates are

calculated by the STP as the

average across four academic

grade 12 subjects, including

English 12 and each students’

best three other academic

grade 12 subjects. Students

with insufficient academic grade

12 subjects (and no academic

GPA) are excluded from the

averages.

• Female grade 12 graduates

have maintained a higher

academic GPA than males,

from 2001/02 to 2007/08.

•The gap in the academic GPA

between males and females

has declined from 1.54 grade

points in 2001/02 to 1.13 in

2006/07.

• Note: Roughly half of each

grade 12 graduation cohort did

not complete the sufficient

academic grade 12 subjects in

order for STP to calculate their

academic GPA.

Fact #

3

3 Academic GPA’s of BC12 Graduates


Academic GPA’s of B.C. Grade 12 Graduates

Fact #3

2001/2002

2002/2003

2003/2004

2004/2005

2005/2006

2006/2007

2007/2008

76.0

77.0

78.0

79.0

80.0

81.0

82.0

Females79.0

79.6 79.779.9 80.1

79.7

Females79.9

77.5Males

78.278.4

78.778.9

78.578.4

Males

Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.


DEFINITIONS


Grade 12 High Achievers

are students who achieved

high academic GPA’s (75%

GPA or higher) upon grade 12

graduation.

See Fact #3 for more

information on Academic GPA.

• On average, from 2001/02 to

2007/08, 35% of all female

grade 12 graduates (versus

27% of all male graduates)

achieved an academic GPA of

75% or higher upon grade 12

graduation.

Grade 12 High Achievers

Fact #

4

4


% of Grade 12 High Achievers(2001/02 to 2007/08)

Fact #4


2001/2002

2002/2003

2003/2004

2004/2005

2005/2006

2006/2007

2007/2008

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

33%35%

34%35% 36% 36% 36%

25% 26% 27% 27% 28% 28% 28%

% o

f Mal

e or

Fem

ale

Gra

duati

on C

ohor

t wit

h A

cade

mic

GPA

of 7

5% o

r Hig

her

Females

Males


Part BStudent Transitions into

Post-Secondary Education


DEFINITIONS


Immediate-Entry Transition

Rates are the % of each B.C.

grade 12 graduation cohort

that enrolled in B.C. public

post-secondary education

within one year of graduation

from high school.


have higher transition rates

than males.

• The transition rate gap

between males and females

is narrowing over time.

Immediate-Entry Transition Rates

Fact #

5

5


Immediate-Entry Transition Rates (2001/02 to 2007/08 Gr12 Grads)

Fact #5

2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/200844%

46%

48%

50%

52%

54%

56%

High School Graduation Year

Imm

edia

te-E

ntry

Tra

nsiti

on R

ate

Females

Males

Gap



DEFINITIONS


Cumulative Three-Year

Transition Rate is the

cumulative proportion of a

B.C. grade 12 graduation

cohort that has enrolled in B.C.

public post-secondary

education within three years

of grade 12 graduation.


have higher transition rates

into B.C. public post-

secondary education than

male graduates.

•The gap between the two

groups is relatively constant

at 3 to 4 percentage points.

Cumulative Three-Year Transition Rates6

Fact #

6


Cumulative 3-Year Transition Rates (2001/02 to 2005/06 Gr12 Grads)

Fact #6

2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/200660%

62%

64%

66%

68%

70%

72%

High School Graduation Year

Cum

ulati

ve T

hree

-Yea

rTr

ansi

tion

Rat

e

Females

Males

Gap



DEFINITIONS


• Across the province, the

proportion of all graduates

who take a gap year ranges

from a low of 9% among

graduates in the

Vancouver/Langara region to a

high of more than 14% among

graduates of the Camosun and

Northern Lights regions.

• In most regions of the

province, male grade 12

graduates are more inclined to

take a gap year than females.

“Gappers” by Grade 12 Grad Region7

Fact #

7

“Gappers” are students who

took a year off between

completing grade 12 and

enrolling in post-secondary

education. During this time

period, these students often

work or travel, or they might

attend a B.C. private

institution or a post-secondary

institution outside of B.C. On

average, 11% of B.C. grade 12

graduates take a gap year and

this varies across regions of

B.C.


“Gappers”by Region of Grade 12 Graduation

Fact #7

Vancouver/Langara

Kwantlen

Fraser Valley

Douglas

Thompson Rivers

BC System Total

Northern Lights

Capilano

Northwest

Rockies

Selkirk

North Island

New Caledonia

Malaspina

Okanagan

Camosun

8.2%

8.7%

9.5%

9.6%

9.8%

10.7%

11.0%

11.0%

11.5%

11.5%

11.8%

12.4%

12.6%

13.5%

14.1%

14.9%

9.3%

11.5%

9.0%

10.2%

11.8%

11.6%

17.5%

11.9%

14.0%

11.9%

12.9%

14.2%

12.2%

14.4%

12.4%

13.7%

Female Male

% of 2006/07 Grads Who Took a "Gap Year"

Regi

on o

f Gra

de 1

2 G

radu

ation


DEFINITIONS


Post-Secondary Institution

Type Attended. When

students first enrol in post-

secondary education after

grade 12 graduation, the type

of institution where they enrol

is identified: Research-

Intensive University, Teaching-

Intensive University,

Community College or

Institute.

• In 2008/09, the most

popular destination for all

immediate-entry students

was a research-intensive

university, and this was more

so among females than

males.

• Each group of institution

types enrolled a larger share

of females than males,

except for institutes

(specifically BCIT) where

there were nearly 4 times as

many males as females.

Type of Institution First Attended8

Fact #

8


Type of Institution First Attended (2007/08 Grads, Immediate Entry)

Fact #8

RESEARCH-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY

COMMUNITYCOLLEGE

TEACHING-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE

0 2,00

0

4,00

0

6,00

0

8,00

0

10,0

00

46%

47%

45%

79%

54%

53%

55%

21%Males

Females


COMMUNITYCOLLEGE


INSTITUTE


COMMUNITYCOLLEGE


INSTITUTE

Male

sFe

male

s

0 1,00

0

2,00

0

3,00

0

4,00

0

5,00

0

6,00

0

4,176 (38%)

3,059 (27%)

2,891 (26%)

1,003 (9%)

4,940 (41%)

3,512 (29%)

3,477 (29%)

267 (2%)

(a) % Distribution by PSI Type (b) % Distribution by PSI Type and Gender



DEFINITIONS


Credential Sought. When

students first enrolled in B.C.


institutions after graduating

from grade 12 in 2007/08, the

STP can identify the type of

credential these students

enrolled in, such as Bachelor’s

Degree, Certificate, etc.

• The most popular credential

sought by 2007/08 grade 12

graduates who enrolled

immediately in B.C. public

post-secondary institutions in

2008/09 was a Bachelor’s

Degree, of which 56% were

female and 44% were male.

• Males accounted for 93% of

apprenticeship enrollment;

females accounted for 7%.

First Credential Sought9

Fact #

9


First Credential Sought(Immediate-Entry, 2007/08 Grads)

Fact #9

APPRENTICESHIP (N=427)

CERTIFICATE (N=2,049)

OTHER (N=591)

DIPLOMA (N=4,367)

NONE (N=1,796)

BACHELORS DEGREE (N=10,884)

DEVELOPMENTAL (N=853)

SHORT CERTIFICATE (N=63)

ASSOCIATE DEGREE (N=2,295)

0% 50% 100%

7%

37%

49%

50%

52%

56%

57%

57%

62%

93%

63%

51%

50%

48%

44%

43%

43%

38%

Female Male



DEFINITIONS


Program Sought. By using

the Classification of

Instructional Program (CIP)

code, the STP identifies the

type of program that students

first enroll in. These programs

are grouped and reported in

clusters, such as Arts and

Sciences, Health, Education,

etc.

•In 2008/09, the majority of

immediate-entry students

enrolled in Arts and Sciences

programs , a study area

comprised of 61% females

and 39% males.

• Females make up more than

two-thirds of Health,

Education and Visual &

Performing Arts programs.

Males comprise more than

two thirds of Engineering and

Trades programs.

First Program Sought10

Fact #

10


First Program Sought(Immediate-Entry, 2007/08 Grads)

Fact #10

Trades (N=1,657)

Engineering and Appl. Sciences (N=1,998)

Developmental (N=224)

Other (N=339)

Business and Management (N=2,501)

Personal Improvement and Leisure (N=715)

Human and Social Services (N=978)

Developmental (N=853)

Arts and Sciences (N=12,415)

Visual and Performing Arts (N=862)

Education (N=98)

Health (N=685)

0% 50% 100%

14%

17%

34%

40%

48%

54%

55%

57%

61%

66%

76%

87%

86%

83%

66%

60%

52%

46%

45%

43%

39%

34%

24%

13%

Female Male



Part CCredit Registrants

in B.C. PublicPost-Secondary Institutions


DEFINITIONS


Credit Registrants by

Institution Type is the

number of students actively

enrolled in credit courses in

academic year 2008/08, by

type of institution. Students

enrolled in non-credit courses

are excluded.

• The largest volume of credit

registrants are enrolled in

research-intensive

universities.

• Credit registrants at each

group of institution type are

dominated by female

registrants, except institutes.

Credit Registrants by Institution Type11

Fact #

11


Credit Registrantsby Institution Type

Fact #11

INSTITUTE

COMMUNITY COLLEGE

TEACHING-INTENSIVE UNIV

RESEARCH-INTENSIVE UNIV

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000

20,067(42%)

29,383(63%)

33,769(60%)

60,063(56%)

27,367(58%)

17,532(37%)

22,069(40%)

47,107 (44%)

Female

Male

Source: Student Transitions Project, Post-Secondary Student Mobility Pivot Tables, based on Fall 2009 submissions.


DEFINITIONS


Credit Registrants by Credential is the number of students enrolled in credit courses in 2008/09, by type of credential sought. Students enrolled in non-credit courses are excluded.

Gender Ratio is the number of male registrants per female registrant. Values below 1.0 indicate that there are fewer males than females; values above 1.0 indicate that there are more males than females in the program.

• The majority of credit

registrants are enrolled in

Bachelor’s Degrees, a

credential area with three-

quarters as many males as

females.

• Each credential category is

dominated by females,

except for Doctorates and

miscellaneous “other

undergraduate” credentials.

Credit Registrants by Credential Type12

Fact #

12

Degree


OTHER GRADUATE

ASSOCIATE DEGREE

CERTIFICATE

MASTERS DEGREE

DEVELOPMENTAL

BACHELORS DEGREE

DIPLOMA

POST-DEGREE DIPLOMA

FIRST PROFESSIONAL DEGREE

NONE

OTHER UNDERGRADUATE

DOCTORATE

0.000.250.500.751.001.25

0.42

0.58

0.65

0.67

0.72

0.75

0.86

0.88

0.90

0.92

1.07

1.14

Gender Ratio (M:F)

Credit Registrantsby Credential Type

Fact #12

OTHER GRADUATE

ASSOCIATE DEGREE

CERTIFICATE

MASTERS DEGREE

DEVELOPMENTAL

BACHELORS DEGREE

DIPLOMA

POST-DEGREE DIPLOMA

FIRST PROFESSIONAL DEGREE

NONE

OTHER UNDERGRADUATE

DOCTORATE

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000

1,574

12,016

19,924

13,130

5,491

98,38036,527

3,720

2,088

31,800

27,271

5,436

All Credit Registrants

Female MaleTotal


Note: “Other Undergraduate” includes post-degree diplomas, first professional degrees, advanced diplomas, post-degree certificates. “Other Graduate” includes graduate certificates and diplomas.


DEFINITIONS


Credit Registrants by Program is the number of students enrolled in credit courses in academic year 2008/09, by type of program area, based on the Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) code. Students enrolled in non-credit courses are excluded. Note that registrants in Developmental and Trades programs may be under-reported because some institutions record hours (rather than credits) for these students.

Gender Ratio see Fact #12 defn.

• The majority of registrants

are enrolled in Arts and

Sciences programs, a

program area with two-thirds

as many males as females.

• Each program area is

dominated by females,

except for Trades and

Engineering and Applied

Sciences.

Credit Registrants by Program13

Fact #

13


Credit Registrantsby Program Area

Fact #13

Health

Education

Personal Improvement and Leisure

Visual and Performing Arts

Human and Social Services

Arts and Sciences

Developmental

Business and Management

Other

Engineering and Applied Sciences

Trades

0.001.002.003.004.005.00

0.29

0.40

0.51

0.51

0.59

0.67

0.74

0.98

1.03

2.76

4.67

Gender Ratio (M:F)

Health

Education

Personal Improvement and Leisure

Visual and Performing Arts

Human and Social Services

Arts and Sciences

Developmental

Business and Management

Other

Engineering and Applied Sciences

Trades

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000

18,255

12,630

1,353

8,370

14,747

96,202

7,031

37,654

34,873

21,021

5,383

All Credit Registrants

FMGrand Total



Part DPost-Secondary

Credentials Awarded


DEFINITIONS


All Credentials Awarded by Type refers to the number of students who received each type or level of credential from B.C. public post-secondary institutions in 2008, such as Bachelor’s Degree, Certificate, Diploma, and others listed in the chart.Note that apprenticeship credentials are awarded by the Industry Training Authority (ITA) and generally not reported by post-secondary institutions and are thus under-reported here.

Gender Ratio is provided in Fact #14b and defined in Fact #12.

• Credentials are awarded to

more females than males

across all credential types,

except for Apprenticeships

and Doctorates.

• Bachelor’s degrees are

awarded to roughly two-thirds

as many males as females.

All Credentials Awarded, by Type14

Fact #

14


All Credentials Awarded, by Type (Calendar Year 2008)

Fact #14a

BACHELORS DEGREE

CERTIFICATE

DIPLOMA

DEVELOPMENTAL

SHORT CERTIFICATE

ASSOCIATE DEGREE

APPRENTICESHIP

OTHER UNDERGRADUATE

MASTERS DEGREE

DOCTORATE

OTHER GRADUATE

UNDE

RGRA

DUAT

EGR

ADUA

TE

0 2,0004,000

6,0008,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Males

Females

Note: “Other Undergraduate” includes post-degree diplomas, first professional degrees, advanced diplomas, post-degree certificates. “Other Graduate” includes graduate certificates and diplomas Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).


Gender Ratio by Type of Credential Completed, 2008

Fact #14b

ASSOCIATE DEGREE (N=839)

Other Graduate (N=402)

BACHELORS DEGREE (N=19,860)

DEVELOPMENTAL (N=1,600)

MASTERS DEGREE (N=3,765)

DIPLOMA (N=7,492)

CERTIFICATE (N=16,178)

SHORT CERTIFICATE (N=1,254)

DOCTORATE (N=654)

Other Undergraduate (N=188)

APPRENTICESHIP (N=750)

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

0.50

0.59

0.63

0.68

0.70

0.86

0.89

0.96

1.16

1.27

20.43

Gender Ratio (M:F) of Credentials Completed in 2008, by Credential Type

>>> 20.43

Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).


DEFINITIONS


Credentials Awarded, by Program is the number of students who received a credential from B.C. public post-secondary institutions in calendar year 2008, by program. The program information is derived from the Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) code associated with the program for each credential awarded.

Gender Ratio is the number of male program completers per female program completers (see Fact #15b for summary). Gender ratio definition is provided in Fact #12.

• The majority of credential

completers in 2008 were in

Arts and Sciences programs,

of which two-thirds were

female.

• Credential completers in

Trades and Engineering and

Applied Sciences programs

were dominated by males.

• Females outnumbered

males in all other program

areas completed, with a

notable dominance in Health

and Education programs.

Credentials Awarded, by Program15

Fact #

15


Credentials Awarded, by Program (Calendar Year 2008)

Fact #15a


Developmental (N=1,740)

Visual and Performing Arts (N=1,989)

Education (N=4,273)

Human and Social Services (N=4,351)

Engineering and Applied Sciences (N=5,670)

Health (N=6,381)

Trades (N=7,028)



-1,000 1,000 3,000 5,000 7,000 9,000 11,000 13,000 15,000

58%

68%

76%

63%

30%

83%

15%

60%

63%

1,740

1,989

4,273

4,351

5,670

6,381

7,028

8,852

13,141

24%

37%

70%

17%

85%

40%

37%

Females Males

Series3


Personal Improvement and Leisure (N=171)

Health (N=6,381)

Education (N=4,273)

Visual and Performing Arts (N=1,989)

Human and Social Services (N=4,351)



Developmental (N=1,740)

Engineering and Applied Sciences (N=5,670)

Trades (N=7,028)

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00

0.09

0.20

0.31

0.48

0.58

0.59

0.68

0.72

2.38

Gender Ratio (M:F), by Completed Credential Program Area, 2008

Fact #15b

>>> 5.69



DEFINITIONS


All Credentials Awarded

from 2003 to 2008 by B.C.


institutions, includes all

credential types listed in

Fact #14a.

• Over the six-year period,

from 2003 to 2008, a total of

314,649 credentials were

awarded from B.C. public

post-secondary institutions,

of which 55% were awarded

to females and 43% to males.

Trends – All Credentials Awarded16

Fact #

16


All Credentials Awarded 2003 to 2008

Fact #16

Note: A total of 314,649 credentials were awarded from 2003 to 2008, including 4,929 students with gender unknown.


2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

27,5

94

28,4

66

28,4

16

29,6

49

29,9

94

30,1

31

20,9

48

22,1

66

22,7

25

23,0

50

23,0

47

23,5

34

Females

Males

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

55% 56% 55% 56% 56% 55%

42% 43% 44% 43% 43% 43%

% Unkwn % Male

% Female


DEFINITIONS


Bachelor’s Degrees

Awarded is the count of

Bachelor’s Degrees awarded

annually by B.C. public post-

secondary institutions.

• Over the six-year period,

from 2003 to 2008, a total of

108,915 Bachelor’s Degrees

were awarded, of which 61%

were awarded to females and

38% to males.

• In the last five years,

females have consistently

earned at least 60% of all

Bachelor’s Degrees awarded

in B.C.

Trends - Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded17

Fact #

17


Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded 2003 to 2008

Fact #17

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

9,24

9 10,1

80

10,6

72 11,7

53

12,1

84

12,0

03

5,88

7

6,43

1

6,76

7

7,31

5

7,29

1

7,53

7

Females

Males

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

58% 61% 61% 61% 62% 60%

37% 38% 38% 38% 37% 38%

% Unkwn % Male % Female

Note: A total of 108,915 Bachelor's Degrees were awarded from 2003 to 2008, including 1,646 students with gender unknown.



Part EPost-Secondary Enrollment

in Canada


DEFINITIONS


University Enrollment in

2007/08 in each province in

Canada is available from

Statistics Canada by province

and by full-time or part-time

status. The % distribution of

university enrollment between

males and females, by

province and full-time/part-

time status is provided.

• On average, 57% of the full-

time university enrollment in

Canada in 2007/08 was

comprised of females and

43% males. This is

consistent with the proportion

in B.C.

• For the country as a whole,

67% of part-time university

students were female (vs.

32% male). B.C. has the

lowest proportion of females

(58%) and highest share of

males (43%) participating in

university on a part-time

basis.

University Enrollment in Canada18

Fact #

18


University Enrollment in Canada, % Male-Female by Province, 2007/08

Fact #18

AB QC SK CAN ON MB BC NS NB NL PE0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

44% 44% 43% 43% 43% 43% 43% 42% 42%40%

35%Males

56% 56% 57% 57% 57% 57% 57% 58% 58%60%

Females65%

BC AB NL PE ON MB SK NS NB CAN QC0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

43% 41% 40% 39% 39% 38% 36% 36% 36%33% 32%

Males

57% 59% 60% 61% 61% 62% 64% 64% 65%67%

Females68%

Full-Time University Part-Time University

Source: CAUT Almanac 2010-11, Table 3.4, Full-time and Part-time University Enrolment, 2007-08, originally from Statistics Canada.


DEFINITIONS


College Enrollment in 2007/08

in each province in Canada is

available from Statistics

Canada by province and by

full-time or part-time status.

The % distribution of college

enrollment between males and

females, by province and full-

time/part-time status is

provided.

• On average, 58% of the full-

time college enrollment in

B.C. in 2007/08 was

comprised of females and

42% males. In the Maritime

Provinces, part-time males

exceed part-time females.

• The % distribution of

females (64%) and males

(36%) enrolled part-time in

college is roughly the same

as the average for Canada

(61% vs. 39%).

College Enrollment in Canada19

Fact #

19


College Enrollment in Canada, % Male-Female by Province, 2007/08

Fact #19

Full-Time College Part-Time College

Source: CAUT Almanac 2010-11, Table 3.3, Full-time and Part-time College Enrolment, 2007-08, originally from Statistics Canada.

NL NB PE NS ON MB CAN AB BC QC SK TERR0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

56% 55% 54% 53%

48% 47% 45% 43% 42% 42% 40%

26%Males

45% 45% 46% 47%

52% 53% 55% 57% 58% 58% 60%

Females74%

NL QC ON NB PE CAN BC NS AB MB TERR SK0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

59%

42% 41% 41% 41%39%

36% 36%34% 33%

27%25%

Males

41%

58% 59% 59% 59%61%

64% 64%66% 67%

73%

Females75%


DEFINITIONS


Undergraduate FTE is the full-

time equivalent enrollment in

2007/08. The % of females in

each discipline is provided for

B.C. vs. Canada.

• Across all disciplines in

Canada, females comprise

59% of all undergraduate FTE

enrollment (similar to 58% for

B.C.)

• The share of females in B.C.

in each discipline is similar to

the share of females per

discipline in Canada, except

for Personal, Protective and

Transportation Services (63%

females in B.C. vs. 46% for all

of Canada).

Undergraduate FTE’s by Discipline20

Fact #

20


2007/08 Undergraduate FTE’s:% Female by Major Discipline

Fact #20

Education

Health, Parks, Recreation and Fitness

Visual and Performing Arts, and Communciation Technologies

Personal, Protective and Transportation Services

Social nd Behavioural Sciences

Other

Humanities

Business, Management and Public Administration

Agriculture, Natural Resources and Conservation

Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies

Mathematics, Computer and Informeration Sceinces

Architecture, Engineering and Related Technologies

Total

78%

70%

64%

63%

63%

63%

60%

53%

52%

52%

24%

18%

58%

77%

73%

66%

46%

66%

63%

62%

53%

57%

56%

25%

20%

59%

BC Canada

Source: CAUT Almanac 2010-11, Table 3.11, Undergraduate Enrollment by Major Discipline and Sex, 2007-08, originally from Statistics Canada.


Part FB.C. Labour Market Information


DEFINITIONS


Unemployment Rate is the %

of the B.C. labour force, age

25 to 34, who were

unemployed, as per the 2006

Census. Unemployment rates

for males vs. females are

compared at different levels of

education.

• In 2006, for those aged 25

to 34, the unemployment

rate for males was below that

of females at all levels of

education and across all

disciplines combined.

• By earning a bachelor’s

degree over a high school

certificate, females aged 25

to 34 can reduce their

unemployment rate 2.5

percentage points, but the

benefit to males is much

smaller (0.8 percentage

points).

B.C. Unemployment Rates21

Fact #

21


B.C. Unemployment % by Highest Level of Education, Age 25-34

Fact #21

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Age 25-34, B.C., Statistics Canada catalogue no. 97-560-XCB2006011.

High school certificate or equivalent

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma

College or other non-university certificate or diploma

University certificate or diploma below bachelor's

Bachelor's Degree

Master's Degree

Earned Doctorate

-2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0%

5.3%

4.2%

4.3%

4.5%

4.5%

5.9%

3.5%

7.8%

7.2%

6.1%

6.3%

5.3%

7.4%

5.8%

FemalesMales

Males Females0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

5.3%High

SchoolOnly

7.8%High

SchoolOnly

4.5%Bach.Deg.

5.3%Bach.Deg.

Unemployment Rates Compared:High School vs. Bachelor’s Degree

-0.8%

-2.5%


DEFINITIONS


Median Income is the amount

of employment income earned

by individuals in B.C., aged 25

to 34, working full-time for the

full year, as per the 2006

Census. The median is the

income level at which half the

individuals earn below that

amount and half earn above

that amount.

• The median income for

males and females, age 25 to

34, is higher for those with a

Bachelor’s degree compared

to those with a certificate or

diploma below a bachelor’s

degree (including high

school, apprenticeship,

college, etc. below a

bachelor’s degree).

• The median income of

females with a bachelor’s

degree is roughly the same

as males without a bachelor’s

degree.

Median Income in B.C., Age 25 - 2322

Fact #

22


Certificate or diploma below bachelor's Bachelor's Degree$0

$10,000

$20,000

$30,000

$40,000

$50,000

$60,000

$39,014

$48,007

$29,959

$40,492

Males Females

Median Income in B.C., Age 25-34

Fact #22

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Age 25-34, B.C., Statistics Canada catalogue no. 97-563-XCB2006054.


Links


Links• Student Transitions Project


• STP Fast Factshttp://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/documents/stp_fast_facts.pdf

• Post-secondary Central Data Warehouse (CDW)http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/datawarehouse/welcome.htm

• BC HEADset http://www.bcheadset.ca/

• Ministry of Education Reporting on K-12 Education http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reporting/

Links


http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/documents/stp_fast_facts.pdf

http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/datawarehouse/welcome.htm

http://www.bcheadset.ca/

http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reporting/

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