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http://rds.yahoo.com/S=96062857/K=parkinson%27s+disease/v=2/SID=w/l=II/R=9/SS=i/OID=34bdd6ff284d3766/SIG=1htsil18p/EXP=1107531583/*-http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Dparkinson%2527s%2Bdisease%26sm%3DYahoo%2521%2BSearch%26fr%3DFP-tab-img-t%26toggle%3D1%26ei%3DUTF-8&h=200&w=135&imgcurl=www.williecolon.com%2Fhealth%2Fmichael2.jpg&imgurl=www.williecolon.com%2Fhealth%2Fmichael2.jpg&size=7.8kB&name=michael2.jpg&rcurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.williecolon.com%2Fhealth%2Faspartame%2520kills.htm&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.williecolon.com%2Fhealth%2Faspartame%2520kills.htm&p=parkinson%27s+disease&type=jpeg&no=9&tt=5,512

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A progressive neurologic disorder affecting the brain

centers that are responsible for control and regulationof movement

Cause:

Exact cause is unknownIn some cases, exposureto toxins (Manganese,Dust, Carbon Monoxide

Incidence:

1 in every 100 people over 60 y/o

Men > Women

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SubstantiaNigra

Loss of pigmentedNeuron

DecreasedDopamine

Bradykinesia

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Management

1. Drug Therapy

- Levodopa

- Anticholinergics

- Dopamine Agonists

- Antihistamines

- Amantidine Hydrochloride- Antidepressant

2. Physical Therapy

- Active & Passive ROM

- Routine daily activities- Walking, baths &

massage

3. Surgery:

- Stereotaxic Thalamotomy

4. RehabilitationTechniques

5. Pt. and family education

Aim of management:

To keep the patient functionally useful and productivefor as long as possible

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Guillain-Barre syndromeis a serious disorder that occurswhen the body's defense (immune) system mistakenlyattacks part of the nervous system. This leads to nerve

inflammation that causes muscle weakness

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The exact cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome is unknown, butit is often preceded by an infectious illness such as arespiratory infection or the stomach flu.

Luckily, Guillain-Barre syndrome is uncommon, affecting only1 or 2 people per 100,000.

CAUSE/INCIDENCE:

There's no known cure for Guillain-Barre syndrome, butseveral treatments can ease symptoms and reduce theduration of the illness. Most people recover from Guillain-Barresyndrome, though some may experience lingering effects from

it, such as weakness, numbness or fatigue.

TREATMENT/MANAGEMENT:

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Myasthenia gravis - is an autoimmuneneuromuscular disease leading tofluctuating muscle weakness and

fatiguability. It is an autoimmune disorder,in which weakness is caused by circulatingantibodies that block acetylcholinereceptors at the postsynapticneuromuscular junction,[1] inhibiting thestimulative effect of the neurotransmitter

acetylcholine.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(physical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmunityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine_receptorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine_receptorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine_receptorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine_receptorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmunityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(physical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_disease

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INCIDENCE:

3-30 Cases/million/year

1. Fatigability- hallmark of myasthenia Gravis. Muscles becomeprogressively weaker during periods of activity and improve afterperiods of rest.

2. Muscles that control eye and eyelid movement, facial expressions,chewing, talking, and swallowing are especially susceptible.

3. The muscles that control breathing and neck and limb movements canalso be affected]

S/Sx: BLEPHAROPTOSIS

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manner_of_articulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swallowinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breathhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Myasthenia.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swallowinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manner_of_articulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewing

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Diagnosis:

1. Anti-cholinesterase

2. Immunosuppressants3. Thymectomy (Thymoma)

TREATMENT/MANAGEMENT:

1. Edrophonium Test

IV Tensilon or Prostigmin to blockbreakdown of Acetylcholine by Cholinesterase

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